US3857150A - Method of assembling a framework - Google Patents

Method of assembling a framework Download PDF

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Publication number
US3857150A
US3857150A US00326273A US32627373A US3857150A US 3857150 A US3857150 A US 3857150A US 00326273 A US00326273 A US 00326273A US 32627373 A US32627373 A US 32627373A US 3857150 A US3857150 A US 3857150A
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Prior art keywords
rib members
framework
wedge shaped
shaped elements
assembling
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US00326273A
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P Faucheux
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FRESA Ets
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FRESA Ets
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E04B7/08—Vaulted roofs
    • E04B7/10—Shell structures, e.g. of hyperbolic-parabolic shape; Grid-like formations acting as shell structures; Folded structures
    • E04B7/105—Grid-like structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1924—Struts specially adapted therefor
    • E04B2001/1933—Struts specially adapted therefor of polygonal, e.g. square, cross section
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1981—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1981—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework
    • E04B2001/1987—Three-dimensional framework structures characterised by the grid type of the outer planes of the framework triangular grid
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49616—Structural member making
    • Y10T29/49623—Static structure, e.g., a building component
    • Y10T29/49625—Openwork, e.g., a truss, joist, frame, lattice-type or box beam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49616—Structural member making
    • Y10T29/49623—Static structure, e.g., a building component
    • Y10T29/49625—Openwork, e.g., a truss, joist, frame, lattice-type or box beam
    • Y10T29/49627—Frame component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49947—Assembling or joining by applying separate fastener
    • Y10T29/49959—Nonresilient fastener

Definitions

  • domes or cupolas of buildings by covering with a spherical web, a network of incurved ribs each arranged in a plane passing through the center of the spherical surface to be formed.
  • These ribs generally form part of isosceles or equilateral spherical triangles assembled together step by step.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that there is assembled at least a portion of the rib members of the framework to one another, at their ends, by means of wedge shaped elements, a member of generally frustoconic shape being driven into the framework at the point of convergence of at least three rib members to render it rigid.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an irregular roof struc ture.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view, on a larger scale, of a wedge such as is used in the structure of FIG. 1.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 are similar views to that of FIG. 2, showing two other embodiments of wedges.
  • FIG. 5 is a partial view in perspective of a cupola framework.
  • the framework shown in FIG. I is that of an irregular roof comprising ten adjacent polygonal faces situated in different planes.
  • This framework comprises rib members 1 connected to one another, at their ends, by wedge shaped elements 2.
  • Certain of these elements 2 have surfaces 3, 4 forming a predetermined angle between them.
  • the base of these wedges is notched parallel to the surfaces 3 and 4 so as to form wings in which holes 5 are pierced in which attaching screws can be engaged for the ends of two rib members intended to be assembled to one another along an angle corresponding to that which the surfaces 3 and 4 of the wedge form between them.
  • Other elements 2 comprise two plates 6, 7 riveted to one another through one of their ends forming a hinge 8. These plates also have holes 5 enabling the assembly of each of them to one of the ends of a rib member 1 of the hinge.
  • the angle which two rib members 1 form between them, thus assembled respectively to the plates 6 and 7, is adjustable due to a part 9 pierced at its middle by a hole in which is engaged the threaded end 10 of a rod 11 articulated to the hinge 8.
  • the ends of part 9 are guided in a longitudinal groove 12, 13 respectively, presented by the plates 6 and 7 in their opposite faces and a nut 20 engaged on the threaded end 10 of the rod 11 enables the adjustment of the angular separation of the plates 6 and 7 produced by the part 9.
  • the wedge shaped element 2 shown in FIG. 4 comprises like the preceding one, two plates 6 and 7 articulated to one another through one of their ends forming a hinge 8.
  • the angular separation of these plates 6 and 7 is ensured by a cross-piece 14 of which the ends 15, 16 are engaged in a transverse groove l7, l8 respectively presented by the plates 6 and 7 in their opposite faces.
  • cross-pieces 14 of different length can be engaged in the grooves 17, 18 of plate 6, 7, which enables their angular separation to be varied.
  • FIG. 5 A particularly advantageous application of the method for the erection of cupola frameworks is shown in FIG. 5. It is in fact possible to assemble on site by means of rectilinear rib members 1 and of wedge shaped elements 2 a network of ribs constituting the sides of equilateral or partially equilateral and partially isosceles triangles, whose angles form support points for the surface of the cupola. To ensure the sphericity of the assembly of the framework, frustoconic parts 19 are driven into the junction of the summits of adjacent triangles assembled to one another, constituting the said support points.
  • Such frustoconic parts 19 can also be advantageously driven into the center of the convergent points at upper levels of several rib members I, in-a framework such as shown in FIG. 1, to render it more rigid.
  • Method of assembling a spherical framework including a plurality of rib members comprising fastening at least a portion of its rib members to one another at their ends by means of wedge shaped elements, and driving a member of generally frustoconic shape into the framework at the point of convergence of at least three rib members to render it rigid.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)

Abstract

The method of assembling a framework, comprises assembling at least a portion of its rib members to one another, at their ends, by means of wedge shaped elements. A part of generally frustoconic shape is driven into the framework at the point of convergence of at least three rib members to render it rigid.

Description

United States Patent [191 Faucheux Dec. 31, 1974 METHOD OF ASSEMBLING A [56] References Cited FRAMEWORK UNITED STATES PATENTS [75] Inventor: Pierre Faucheux, Paris, France 3,186,522 6/1965 McCauley 52/81 X 3,255,556 6/l966 DAmato et al. 52/81 Asslgneel Etabllssemeflt Fresa, Vaduz, 3,531,851 10/1970 Douglas 52/82 x Liechtenstein 3,600,844 8/1971 Simpson 52/81 UX 22 F1 d: 2 l 1 1 8 Jan 1973 Primary ExaminerCharl1e T. Moon [21] Appl. No.: 326,273 Attorney, Agent, or FirmEmory L. Groff, Jr.
[30] Foreign Application Priority Data [57] ABSTRACT Jan 28 1972 Switzerland 1291/72 The method of assembling a framework, comprises assembling at least a portion of its rib members to one U-S. l n l I l R another, at their ends, means of wedge Shaped ele- [5 1] Int Cl B23; 17/00 ments. A part of generally frustoconic shape is driven [58] Field 52/81 into the framework at the point of convergence of at 52/86 least three rib members to render it rigid.
5 Claims, 5 Drawing Figures PATENIEB DECS 1 I974 SHEET 10F 2 PATENTED mm 1914 3.857, 150
SHEH 2 0F 2 METHOD OF ASSEMBLING A FRAMEWORK In modern structures, it has been proposed to form roofing of irregular shape comprising a large number of flat or curved polygonal faces, forming between themselves angles variable from one face to the other. Such roofs can obviously not be assembled on conventional frameworks comprising especially a roof-tree and rafters.
On the other hand, it has been proposed to construct domes or cupolas of buildings by covering with a spherical web, a network of incurved ribs each arranged in a plane passing through the center of the spherical surface to be formed. These ribs generally form part of isosceles or equilateral spherical triangles assembled together step by step.
It is an object of the invention to provide a method of assembling a framework enabling the production of roofs of any shape.
The method according to the invention is characterized in that there is assembled at least a portion of the rib members of the framework to one another, at their ends, by means of wedge shaped elements, a member of generally frustoconic shape being driven into the framework at the point of convergence of at least three rib members to render it rigid.
It is a further object of the invention to provide a wedge shaped element for the application of this method, a structure obtained by the method and the application of the method to the construction of a eupola.
The accompanying drawing shows, diagrammatically and by way of example, two embodiments of structures and three embodiments of wedges according to the invention.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an irregular roof struc ture.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view, on a larger scale, of a wedge such as is used in the structure of FIG. 1.
FIGS. 3 and 4 are similar views to that of FIG. 2, showing two other embodiments of wedges.
FIG. 5 is a partial view in perspective of a cupola framework.
The framework shown in FIG. I is that of an irregular roof comprising ten adjacent polygonal faces situated in different planes. This framework comprises rib members 1 connected to one another, at their ends, by wedge shaped elements 2.
Certain of these elements 2 (see FIG. 2) have surfaces 3, 4 forming a predetermined angle between them. The base of these wedges is notched parallel to the surfaces 3 and 4 so as to form wings in which holes 5 are pierced in which attaching screws can be engaged for the ends of two rib members intended to be assembled to one another along an angle corresponding to that which the surfaces 3 and 4 of the wedge form between them.
Other elements 2 (see FIG. 3) comprise two plates 6, 7 riveted to one another through one of their ends forming a hinge 8. These plates also have holes 5 enabling the assembly of each of them to one of the ends of a rib member 1 of the hinge. The angle which two rib members 1 form between them, thus assembled respectively to the plates 6 and 7, is adjustable due to a part 9 pierced at its middle by a hole in which is engaged the threaded end 10 of a rod 11 articulated to the hinge 8. The ends of part 9 are guided in a longitudinal groove 12, 13 respectively, presented by the plates 6 and 7 in their opposite faces and a nut 20 engaged on the threaded end 10 of the rod 11 enables the adjustment of the angular separation of the plates 6 and 7 produced by the part 9.
The wedge shaped element 2 shown in FIG. 4 comprises like the preceding one, two plates 6 and 7 articulated to one another through one of their ends forming a hinge 8. The angular separation of these plates 6 and 7 is ensured by a cross-piece 14 of which the ends 15, 16 are engaged in a transverse groove l7, l8 respectively presented by the plates 6 and 7 in their opposite faces.
Of course, cross-pieces 14 of different length can be engaged in the grooves 17, 18 of plate 6, 7, which enables their angular separation to be varied.
A particularly advantageous application of the method for the erection of cupola frameworks is shown in FIG. 5. It is in fact possible to assemble on site by means of rectilinear rib members 1 and of wedge shaped elements 2 a network of ribs constituting the sides of equilateral or partially equilateral and partially isosceles triangles, whose angles form support points for the surface of the cupola. To ensure the sphericity of the assembly of the framework, frustoconic parts 19 are driven into the junction of the summits of adjacent triangles assembled to one another, constituting the said support points.
Such frustoconic parts 19 can also be advantageously driven into the center of the convergent points at upper levels of several rib members I, in-a framework such as shown in FIG. 1, to render it more rigid.
Of course, the method of assembly of a framework described is not limited to the use of rectilinear rib members.
In the application of the method for the construction of a cupola especially, it is possible to use curved rib members constituting the sides of adjacent spherical triangles. These rib members can be united together at the angles of these spherical triangles by the wedge shaped elements and parts of generally frustoconic shape can be driven into the center of the points of convergence of several of these curved rib members to render the framework more rigid. There is thus avoided having to form a marking off of the ends of these curved rib members enabling them to be brought into abutment with the ends of other ribs converging at these points.
I claim:
1. Method of assembling a spherical framework including a plurality of rib members, comprising fastening at least a portion of its rib members to one another at their ends by means of wedge shaped elements, and driving a member of generally frustoconic shape into the framework at the point of convergence of at least three rib members to render it rigid.
2. Method according to claim 1, wherein a network of ribs forming the sides of triangles by means of rectilinear rib members and wedge shaped elements is assembled so that the angles of said triangles comprise the support points of the surface of a dome.
3. Method according to claim 1 wherein the ends of the rib members are assembled by wedge shaped elements having a base in which a notch is formed so as to provide two wings inbetween the two sides of the wedge, each of said wings having at least one perforation.
ing a network of polygonal cells by fastening wedge shaped elements to rectilinear rib members at their ends, and raising the framework towards said apexes by.
driving a frustoconical member into the framework at the junction of rib members of the polygonal cells surrounding each said apex.

Claims (5)

1. Method of assembling a spherical framework including a plurality of rib members, comprising fastening at least a portion of its rib members to one another at their ends by means of wedge shaped elements, and driving a member of generally frustoconic shape into the framework at the point of convergence of at least three rib members to render it rigid.
2. Method according to claim 1, wherein a network of ribs forming the sides of triangles by means of rectilinear rib members and wedge shaped elements is assembled so that the angles of said triangles comprise the support points of the surface of a dome.
3. Method according to claim 1 wherein the ends of the rib members are assembled by wedge shaped elements having a base in which a notch is formed so as to provide two wings inbetween the two sides of the wedge, each of said wings having at least one perforation.
4. Method according to claim 1 wherein the ends of the rib members are assembled by wedge shaped elements made of two plates hinged together along one of their edges, and including means for adjusting the angle defined between such two plates.
5. A method for assembling the framework of a structural surface with apexes comprising the steps of: forming a network of polygonal cells by fastening wedge shaped elements to rectilinear rib members at their ends, and raising the framework towards said apexes by driving a frustoconical member into the framework at the junction of rib members of the polygonal cells surrounding each said apex.
US00326273A 1972-01-28 1973-01-24 Method of assembling a framework Expired - Lifetime US3857150A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH129172A CH544198A (en) 1972-01-28 1972-01-28 Method of erecting a frame

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JP (1) JPS4884413A (en)
AT (1) ATA51473A (en)
BE (1) BE794372A (en)
CA (1) CA971327A (en)
CH (1) CH544198A (en)
DE (1) DE2303060A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2169260A1 (en)
GB (1) GB1385642A (en)
IE (1) IE37135B1 (en)
NL (1) NL7301135A (en)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4012549A (en) * 1974-10-10 1977-03-15 General Dynamics Corporation High strength composite structure
US4067655A (en) * 1975-05-06 1978-01-10 Edvin Sven Mayerhofer Device for connecting plate members or similar constructional parts
US4075813A (en) * 1976-07-14 1978-02-28 Nalick David L Dome construction method
US4337560A (en) * 1978-08-03 1982-07-06 General Dynamics, Convair Division Method for assembling large space structures
US4671025A (en) * 1984-11-07 1987-06-09 Robert Butler Greenhouse construction
US4736551A (en) * 1985-09-26 1988-04-12 Higson Martin T Structural unit for forming a building
US4753054A (en) * 1984-11-07 1988-06-28 Butler Robert G Cover construction
US5216799A (en) * 1990-11-09 1993-06-08 British Aerospace Public Limited Company Carbon fibre composite wing manufacture
US5607259A (en) * 1994-07-19 1997-03-04 Technip Geoproduction Process for assembling long sections of booms of support legs of an oil platform
US20080209821A1 (en) * 2004-08-10 2008-09-04 Abdessatar Nefzi Method for Producing Triangular Elements Designed for the Manufacture of Structures and Resulting Triangular Elements
US20100162637A1 (en) * 2006-06-21 2010-07-01 Helmut Pottmann Supporting Structure for Freeform Surfaces in Buildings
US9657489B2 (en) * 2015-06-15 2017-05-23 The Boeing Company Fractal stiffening

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4611440A (en) * 1982-09-20 1986-09-16 Ernest Kalve Walking dragline base frame and revolving frame construction

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3186522A (en) * 1963-02-27 1965-06-01 George W Mccauley Structural surfaces
US3255556A (en) * 1963-02-14 1966-06-14 Electronic Space Structures Co Panel and spherical structure
US3531851A (en) * 1968-09-05 1970-10-06 Dow Chemical Co Method of assembling trapezoidal plate structure
US3600844A (en) * 1969-10-13 1971-08-24 Wesley D Simpson Block structure

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3255556A (en) * 1963-02-14 1966-06-14 Electronic Space Structures Co Panel and spherical structure
US3186522A (en) * 1963-02-27 1965-06-01 George W Mccauley Structural surfaces
US3531851A (en) * 1968-09-05 1970-10-06 Dow Chemical Co Method of assembling trapezoidal plate structure
US3600844A (en) * 1969-10-13 1971-08-24 Wesley D Simpson Block structure

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4012549A (en) * 1974-10-10 1977-03-15 General Dynamics Corporation High strength composite structure
US4067655A (en) * 1975-05-06 1978-01-10 Edvin Sven Mayerhofer Device for connecting plate members or similar constructional parts
US4075813A (en) * 1976-07-14 1978-02-28 Nalick David L Dome construction method
US4160345A (en) * 1976-07-14 1979-07-10 Nalick David L Dome structure and method of construction
US4337560A (en) * 1978-08-03 1982-07-06 General Dynamics, Convair Division Method for assembling large space structures
US4753054A (en) * 1984-11-07 1988-06-28 Butler Robert G Cover construction
US4671025A (en) * 1984-11-07 1987-06-09 Robert Butler Greenhouse construction
US4736551A (en) * 1985-09-26 1988-04-12 Higson Martin T Structural unit for forming a building
US5216799A (en) * 1990-11-09 1993-06-08 British Aerospace Public Limited Company Carbon fibre composite wing manufacture
US5607259A (en) * 1994-07-19 1997-03-04 Technip Geoproduction Process for assembling long sections of booms of support legs of an oil platform
US20080209821A1 (en) * 2004-08-10 2008-09-04 Abdessatar Nefzi Method for Producing Triangular Elements Designed for the Manufacture of Structures and Resulting Triangular Elements
US7770338B2 (en) * 2004-08-10 2010-08-10 Abdessatar Nefzi Method for producing triangular elements designed for the manufacture of structures and resulting triangular elements
US20100162637A1 (en) * 2006-06-21 2010-07-01 Helmut Pottmann Supporting Structure for Freeform Surfaces in Buildings
US9657489B2 (en) * 2015-06-15 2017-05-23 The Boeing Company Fractal stiffening

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Publication number Publication date
FR2169260A1 (en) 1973-09-07
DE2303060A1 (en) 1973-08-02
CA971327A (en) 1975-07-22
JPS4884413A (en) 1973-11-09
BE794372A (en) 1973-05-16
NL7301135A (en) 1973-07-31
GB1385642A (en) 1975-02-26
IE37135B1 (en) 1977-05-11
CH544198A (en) 1973-11-15
IE37135L (en) 1973-07-28
ATA51473A (en) 1975-12-15

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