US3855772A - Method of and apparatus for producing yarn - Google Patents

Method of and apparatus for producing yarn Download PDF

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Publication number
US3855772A
US3855772A US00392447A US39244773A US3855772A US 3855772 A US3855772 A US 3855772A US 00392447 A US00392447 A US 00392447A US 39244773 A US39244773 A US 39244773A US 3855772 A US3855772 A US 3855772A
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Prior art keywords
yarn
fibres
disc
combing
twisting
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00392447A
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English (en)
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J Burlet
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Institut Textile de France
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Institut Textile de France
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Priority to FR7429245A priority Critical patent/FR2242493A2/fr
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H4/00—Open-end spinning machines or arrangements for imparting twist to independently moving fibres separated from slivers; Piecing arrangements therefor; Covering endless core threads with fibres by open-end spinning techniques
    • D01H4/30—Arrangements for separating slivers into fibres; Orienting or straightening fibres, e.g. using guide-rolls
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01H—SPINNING OR TWISTING
    • D01H4/00—Open-end spinning machines or arrangements for imparting twist to independently moving fibres separated from slivers; Piecing arrangements therefor; Covering endless core threads with fibres by open-end spinning techniques

Definitions

  • a method of spinning yarn in which a sliver of substantially parallel carded fibres are worked into a yarn being formed by twisting, such a method comprising transforming the sliver of fibres into a fringe of individual fibres or groups of fibres mechanically suspended by one of their ends, the free ends of the suspended fibres being progressively and successively supplied to the open end of the yarn being formed in a mannner such that a major portion of each fibre is substantially parallel to the yarn being formed in the region of the open end of the said yarn, and the said end of each fibre being held until the fibre has been intergrated into the yarn by the influence of the rotational effect imparted to the yarn by the twisting motion.
  • apparatus for spinning a yarn comprising feed means including a rotary drum, a carding device for receiving a sliver of fibres from the fedd means, the carding device including a carding cylinder provided on its circumference with a plurality of carding pins, the carding cylinder being rotatable about an axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the said rotary drum, a rotatable combing disc for receiving a sliver of carded parallel fibres from the carding cylinder, the combing disc being rotatable about an axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the carding cylinder, the combing disc being provided on a peripheral surface with a plurality of radially arranged pins adapted to cooperate with the pins of the carding cylinder and being inclined relative to the axis of rotation of the combing disc to extend beyond the periphery of the combing disc for forming a fringe of yarn fibres mechanically secured by one
  • the combing disc no longer functions as twisting device and it can therefore be dimensioned sufficiently large to convey the fringe of fibres at a comparatively elevated peripheral speed while rotating at a low angular speed.
  • the twisting device may be of very small diameter which enables it to reach extremely high rotary velocities, exceeding 100,000 r.p.m.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic side elevation of one form of spinning apparatus
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the apparatus of FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective schematic view of the carding cylinder, the combing disc and the doffing means
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic elevational view of the elements shown in FIG. 3.
  • FIGS. 5 to 8 are schematic views of several successive vertical sections in the doffing zone of the combing disc
  • FIG. 9 is a plan view on a larger scale of the doffing zone of the combing disc.
  • FIG. 10 shows schematically in vertical section the doffing zone equipped with a doffing means
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic plan view of a number of spinning apparatuses mounted in parallel
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic plan view of an entire bank of parallel arranged spinning apparatuses.
  • FIG. 13 to 15 are respectively a front view, a plan view and a view in vertical section (along the line 0-0 of FIG. 14) of the combing circle equipped with a device having suction nozzles.
  • spinning apparatus comprising a feed device 1, a carding device 2, a combing disc or circle 3, doffing means 4, a twisting device 5 and a yarn draw off device 6.
  • the feed device 1 is constituted, for example, by a trough and drum assembly the inlet opening la of which receives a wick or lap of fibres and the exit opening lb whereof opens onto a carding cylinder 2a of the carding device 2.
  • the drum 1c of the feed device 1 and the carding cylinder 2a have parallel axes of rotation 1d and 2b and rotate in the same direction, for example in the clockwise direction as shown by the arrows F.
  • a trough and drum assembly one can alternatively use pairs of drums or a small cylinder fitted with pins or with card clothing for conveying the lap of fibres toward the carding device 2. In that case this lap may undergo light drawing prior to entering into the feed device.
  • the roving or sliver of fibres which leaves via the opening lb of the feed device is combed by the sawtooth or pins 2c of the carding cylinder 2a the periphery of which moves in past the exit opening lb and which with its pins 20, in cooperation with a cylindrical surface 2d adjacent the opening lb entrains the fibres approximately individually and in the form of a roving or sliver of individual and substantially parallel fibres.
  • the working width i.e., the area over which the cylinder 2a is provided with pins can range from a few millimetres to several tens of millimetres (for example, 10 to millimetres) and is compatible with the wick or lap of fibres which has been fed in.
  • the combing disc or circle 3 which comprises a circular table 3a rotatable in an anticlockwise direction F arranged in a plane parallel to that of the axes Id or 2b.
  • the disc 3 is rotated by means of a shaft 3b extending perpendicular to the axes 1d and 2b.
  • the shaft 3b is driven by a motor (not shown) through the intermediary of a belt and pulley transmission 30.
  • the rim 3d of the circular table 3a is provided with an array of pins 3c the individual pins 3f which extend radially outwardly and upwardly such that they are coincident with the generatrices of a cone, the apex of which is situated on the axis of rotation of the disc 3 and below the latter.
  • the spacing between adjacent pins 3f at their bases is smaller than at their free ends.
  • the spacing of the pins 3 ⁇ " is similar to that of the pins of a conventional combing device and is, for example, determined by the number of pins per unit of length, this number preferably being comprised between five and pins per centimetre.
  • the outer diameter of the combing disc 3 is chosen so that an arc of a circle taken in the peripheral zone of the disc 3 and of a length equal to the working width of the carding cylinder 20 is approximately, a straight line.
  • the combing disc 3 is arranged with respect to the carding cylinder 2a in such manner that the paths of the pins 2c of the carding cylinder 2a on the one hand and the paths of the pins 3f of the combing disc 3 on the other hand pass as close as possible to each other without the pins touching or intercalacting.
  • the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the combing disc 3 results in the fibres of the fibre fringe 3g hanging from the combing disc 3 at a certain inclination from the vertical, rather than vertically. Due to this centrifugal force the fibres are somewhat stretched and their free end is uncoiled so that they are approximately straight.
  • the doffing means 4 which enable the fixed fibre ends of the fringe 3g to be progressively and successively released at the rate at which the free ends of these fibres are taken up by the open end 7a of the newly formed yarn 7.
  • the doffing means 4 may comprise a stationary cam 4a disposed exteriorly of the combing disc 3 and along a portion of the circumference of the disc, which cam extends below and interiorly of the upper arm rim 3d of the circular table 30 and rises progressively to a land which is situated slightly below the free end of the pins 3f of the combing disc 3, while being parallel to and a small distance from the conical circumference or contour defined by the pins 3f.
  • the lateral surface 3k of the latter in frusto-conical and has a lower rim 3] the diameter of which is smaller than that of the upper rim 3d.
  • doffing means an air nozzle 4b disposed interiorly of the array of pins 3e above the circular table and blowing in the doffing zone a jet of air upwardly toward the free ends of the pins 3f in such manner as to cause the captured ends of the fibres 31' to climb toward the free ends of the pins (FIG. 3).
  • the air nozzle 412 may, of course, be employed in combination with a cam 4a. To adjust the position of the doffing zone it is necessary to adjust the flow of air, the angular and vertical position of the nozzle and the distance between the nozzle 4b and the pins 3f of the combing disc 3 (see arrows F and F FIG. 3).
  • the doffing means may be in the form of a small smooth, serrated, or vaned, wheel 4c disposed above the combing disc 3, interiorly of the array of pins 3e and a few millimetres from the array of pins 3e of the doffing zone, in such manner that the axis of rotation 4d of the wheel is situated in a radial plane of the combing disc 3 and that the diameter of the wheel 40, taken in this radial plane, is at least approximately parallel to the pins 3f included in this radial plane.
  • the diameter of this wheel 40 is of the same order of size of the working width of the carding cylinder 2a.
  • the direction of rotation F of the wheel 40 is chosen such that the peripheral zone of the latter, which zone is situated near the circular table 30, rotates in a sense counter to that (F-, of the combing disc 3. In this manner an air current which causes the captured ends of the fibres 31' to climb towards the free ends of the pins 3f is created in the doffing zone, i.e., in the zone in which the open end 7a of the yarn 7 is located.
  • the wheel 40 may also be used in combination with the cam 4a.
  • a false twist tube 5a for example, such as shown in the drawing and having a pointer bail 5b is utilised as a mechanical twisting device but it is possible to utilise other known false twist devices, for example those having pincers or lifting bars.
  • the false twist tube 5a operates as a true twisting means and by virtue of its small radial dimension enables very high rotary speeds, which may exceed 300,000 r.p.m. to be attained.
  • the tubular portion of the tube 5a is at its ends located in two bearings 5d, 5e and central portion of the tube 5a co-operates with a transmission belt 5f driven by a motor (not shown).
  • the fibres 3i which cling to and wind around the yarn upstream of the twisting device 5 receive a provisional twist in a sense opposed to that of the definitive twist which is imparted to the yarn intermediate the exit of the twisting device 5, i.e., the pointer bail 5b, and the draw-off device 6.
  • the reversal of the twist direction of the fibres of the yarn 7 advantageously takes place within the tubular portion 5c of the twisting device 5 so that in this zone the fibres are guided in the axial direction of the yarn being formed. In this manner the weakest point of the yarn is well protected and the risks of the yarn rupturing are eliminated.
  • the rotation of the yarn can also be brought about by an air turbulence obtained by tangentially blowing air in a tube which traverses the yarn.
  • the draw-off device 6 comprises for example two draw-off rollers 6a, 6b which are applied against each other in an adjustable manner and at least one of which is driven at an adjustable rate by a motor (not shown).
  • the yarn which leaves the draw-off device 6 constitutes the finished product 8 and is wound up on a bobbin (not shown) after first passing, optionally, over a return pulley 9.
  • the essence of the present method consists in realising a fringe of parallel fibres, offering the fibres of the fringe progressively and successively to the open end of the yarn, preferably in such manner that the fibres are substantially parallel to the yarn being formed in the zone of its open end, still lightly retaining one end of the fibres the other end of which lightly winds around the yarn being formed and releasing the retained fibre end when the fibre adheres sufficiently to the nascent yarn, and finally imparting a final twisting to the nascent yarn so as to obtain a finished yarn.
  • nascent yarn is to be understood a yarn-like assembly of fibres which are substantially parallel to one another and have a degree of very light winding about the axis of the yarn.
  • the speeds of rota tion of the various device 1 to 3 and 5 are adapted to one another in such manner that one first obtains a fringe of fibres and that the quantity of fibres necessary for formation of the yarn is then at any instant offered to the open end of the nascent yarn.
  • the speed of the fibres of the fringe being presented varies of course as a function of the length of the fibres utilised and of the count of yarn to be obtained.
  • this rate is, of course, controlled as a function of the degree of twist it is desired to impart to the yarn.
  • the peripheral velocity of the combing disc equals 0.5 to 2.5. times that of drawing the yarn off and all the other speeds such as those of feeding the lap of fibres and of rotation of the twisting device are adapted to the yarn draw-off rate which may reach and even exceed 500 metres per minute.
  • b is the shortest distance between the detachment zone ZD on the doffing means 4 (or the cam 4a) and the median plane x-x, and if the distance between the axis of the twisting device 5 and the median plane x-x' is designated by d, then this tendency of the point of detachment of the fibres 31' to shift toward the median plane .r-x under the effect of the traction exerted on the nascent yarn 7 is eliminated when d at least equals b or preferably is greater than b.
  • twisting devices I, to tn l are associated with spinning heads T, to T,,, thus only one unut more than the number of spinning heads T, to T,,.
  • a twisting device t, to t is positioned downstream and in the extension of the zone between two neighbouring heads, for example T, and T at an equal distance d from the two neighbouring median planes x-x.
  • An additional twisting device I, and 1 is also placed at the distance dfrom the median planes x-x' of the heads T, and T, at each end of the apparatus.
  • the feed devices 1, the carding devices 2, the combing discs 3, the twisting devices 5 or t, to t,,, are driven by common shafts (devices 1 and 2) or belts (discs 3 and devices 5) from motors housed in the lateral portions 10 and 11 of the frame of the said multiple installation, these lateral portions 10 and 11 also containing the bearings for these common shafts.
  • This service suction nozzle B, or B is connected via a tubing 13 or 14 provided with a gate V, or V for example eleetromagnetically, pneumatically or hydraulically controlled, to a general suction duct CA connecting the suction nozzles associated with the other combing discs 3 to a suction source such as the suction side of a blower.
  • a gate V or V for example eleetromagnetically, pneumatically or hydraulically controlled
  • the gate V, or V, associated with the nozzle B, or B 2 opposite the detachment zone AD of the nascent yarn for example the gate V, when the disc rotates in the direction 1 (5) and the yarn is formed from the zone ZD to the left of the combing disc 3, is continually open so that the corresponding nozzle E or B is continually in action and cleans the pins before they again pass in front of the carding device 2.
  • the nozzle B when the disc rotates according to arrow F (S), is generally closed is associated with a conventional yarn break which controls the nascent yarn and acts on a mechanical, pneumatic or hydraulic electromagnetic relay of the said gate V in the sense that the latter opens and permits all the fibres to be suctioned off the combing disc 3 when the yarn has ruptured and the fibres are no longer accepted by the nascent yarn. Consequently it is no longer necessary to provide clutch devices for each rotating element of the various spinning heads so as to neutralise the effects of a possible yarn rupture.
  • the relief nozzle (B is rendered inactive by closing the corresponding gate (V)
  • a method of spinning yarn in which a roving or sliver of substantially parallel carded fibres are worked into a yarn being formed by twisting such a method comprising transforming the roving or sliver of fibres into a fringe of individual fibres or groups of fibres mechanically suspended by one of their ends, the free ends of the suspended fibres being progressively and successively supplied to the open end of the yarn being formed in a manner such that a major portion of each fibre is substantially parallel to the yarn being formed in the region of the open end of the said yarn, and the said end of each fibre being held until the fibre has been integrated into the yarn by the influence of the rotational effect imparted to the yarn by the twisting motion.
  • Apparatus for spinning yarn comprising feed means, said feed means including a rotary drum, a carding device for receiving a roving or sliver of fibres from the feed means, the carding device including a carding cylinder provided on its circumference with a plurality of carding pins, the carding cylinder being rotatable about an axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the said rotary drum, a rotatable combing disc for receiving a roving or sliver of carded parallel fibres from the carding cylinder, the combing disc being rotatable about an axis perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the carding cylinder, the combing disc being provided on a peripheral surface with a plurality of radially arranged pins adapted to co-operate with the pins of the carding cylinder and being inclined relative to the axis of rotation of the combing disc to extend beyond the periphery of the combing disc for forming a fringe of yarn fibre
  • the doffing means includes a stationary cam member, said cam member being arranged externally of the combing disc and extending from inwardly below the periphery of the disc to a position adjacent the free end of the pins of the combing disc.
  • the doffing means includes an air nozzle, the air nozzle being arranged above the combing disc and inwardly of the pins on the combing disc for directing a jet of air to ward the free ends of the pins.
  • Apparatus according to claim 5 which includes a plurality of doffing means, said doffing means being arranged around the circumference of the combing disc in an angular zone located between 60 and l in the direction of rotation of the combing disc from the median plane passing through the carding means and the axis of rotation of the combing disc, the twisting means being located at a distance from the median plane which is equal to or greater than the distance between the said plane and the point of detachment of the fibres at the doffing means.
  • Apparatus according to claim 5 which includes a set of doffing means and twisting means for each direction of rotation of the combing disc, each set being arranged symmetrically relative to the median plane passing through the carding means and the axis of rotation of the combing disc.
  • Apparatus according to claim 5 which includes a plurality of spinning heads, each spinning head including a said feed means, a said carding device and a said combing disc, and a plurality of said twisting means, the number of twisting means being greater by one than the number of spinning heads, the twisting means being arranged so that there is an array comprising alternately a twisting means and a spinning head.
  • Apparatus according to claim 5 which includes a common drive arrangement for driving similar elements of each said spinning head.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
US00392447A 1972-09-01 1973-08-29 Method of and apparatus for producing yarn Expired - Lifetime US3855772A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7429245A FR2242493A2 (en) 1973-08-29 1974-08-27 Open end spinning device transfers fibres from toothed disc - having fibre detachment device to a twisting device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7231188A FR2198006B1 (it) 1972-09-01 1972-09-01

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US3855772A true US3855772A (en) 1974-12-24

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US00392447A Expired - Lifetime US3855772A (en) 1972-09-01 1973-08-29 Method of and apparatus for producing yarn

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US (1) US3855772A (it)
BE (1) BE804191A (it)
CH (1) CH577040A5 (it)
DE (1) DE2343872A1 (it)
ES (2) ES418395A1 (it)
FR (1) FR2198006B1 (it)
GB (1) GB1378610A (it)
IT (1) IT994716B (it)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4237685A (en) * 1979-03-29 1980-12-09 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation Apparatus for producing a yarn
EP0063657A1 (en) * 1981-04-29 1982-11-03 Merck & Co. Inc. Topical application of interferon inducers
US4704853A (en) * 1984-09-21 1987-11-10 National Research Development Corporation Spinning of yarn
US4742675A (en) * 1984-07-10 1988-05-10 Trutzschler Gmbh & Co. Kg Method and apparatus for producing a uniform, continuous fiber quantity
US5222352A (en) * 1990-04-28 1993-06-29 Fritz Stahlecker Process and an arrangement for spinning staple fibers into a yarn
US5497609A (en) * 1988-11-23 1996-03-12 British Technology Group Ltd. Spinning of yarn
CN107090611A (zh) * 2017-04-28 2017-08-25 重庆天运汽车配件有限公司 汽车隔音毡的隔音棉开松机
US20170362746A1 (en) * 2016-06-15 2017-12-21 Rieter Ingolstadt Gmbh Method for Optimizing the Production of a Rotor Spinning Machine

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT340809B (de) * 1976-06-21 1978-01-10 Fehrer Ernst Gmbh Vorrichtung zum spinnen textiler fasern
DE3025451C2 (de) * 1979-07-25 1985-11-21 Výzkumný ústav bavlnářský, Ustí nad Orlicí Offenend-Spinnvorrichtung
RU2443808C1 (ru) * 2010-10-25 2012-02-27 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Ивановская государственная текстильная академия" (ИГТА) Расчесывающий барабанчик пневмомеханической прядильной машины
RU2447209C1 (ru) * 2010-12-23 2012-04-10 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Ивановская государственная текстильная академия" (ИГТА) Игольчатый барабанчик пневмомеханической прядильной машины

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3254482A (en) * 1964-12-09 1966-06-07 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Apparatus for forming and processing fibers
US3394540A (en) * 1965-08-18 1968-07-30 Itzhak E. Bentov Means and method of converting fibers into yarn

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3254482A (en) * 1964-12-09 1966-06-07 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Apparatus for forming and processing fibers
US3394540A (en) * 1965-08-18 1968-07-30 Itzhak E. Bentov Means and method of converting fibers into yarn

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4237685A (en) * 1979-03-29 1980-12-09 Owens-Corning Fiberglas Corporation Apparatus for producing a yarn
EP0063657A1 (en) * 1981-04-29 1982-11-03 Merck & Co. Inc. Topical application of interferon inducers
US4742675A (en) * 1984-07-10 1988-05-10 Trutzschler Gmbh & Co. Kg Method and apparatus for producing a uniform, continuous fiber quantity
US4704853A (en) * 1984-09-21 1987-11-10 National Research Development Corporation Spinning of yarn
US5497609A (en) * 1988-11-23 1996-03-12 British Technology Group Ltd. Spinning of yarn
US5222352A (en) * 1990-04-28 1993-06-29 Fritz Stahlecker Process and an arrangement for spinning staple fibers into a yarn
US20170362746A1 (en) * 2016-06-15 2017-12-21 Rieter Ingolstadt Gmbh Method for Optimizing the Production of a Rotor Spinning Machine
US10519574B2 (en) * 2016-06-15 2019-12-31 Rieter Ingolstadt Gmbh Method for optimizing the production of a rotor spinning Machine
US11280029B2 (en) 2016-06-15 2022-03-22 Rieter Ingolstadt Gmbh Method for optimizing the production of a rotor spinning machine
CN107090611A (zh) * 2017-04-28 2017-08-25 重庆天运汽车配件有限公司 汽车隔音毡的隔音棉开松机
CN107090611B (zh) * 2017-04-28 2019-03-08 重庆天运汽车配件有限公司 汽车隔音毡的隔音棉开松机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES418395A1 (es) 1976-08-01
DE2343872A1 (de) 1974-04-04
GB1378610A (en) 1974-12-27
CH577040A5 (it) 1976-06-30
FR2198006B1 (it) 1975-01-03
FR2198006A1 (it) 1974-03-29
ES443506A1 (es) 1977-05-01
IT994716B (it) 1975-10-20
BE804191A (fr) 1973-12-17

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