US3853584A - Process for the preparation of photographic materials - Google Patents

Process for the preparation of photographic materials Download PDF

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Publication number
US3853584A
US3853584A US00331948A US33194873A US3853584A US 3853584 A US3853584 A US 3853584A US 00331948 A US00331948 A US 00331948A US 33194873 A US33194873 A US 33194873A US 3853584 A US3853584 A US 3853584A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
polystyrene
support
flame
film
styrene
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00331948A
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English (en)
Inventor
S Tatsuta
W Ueno
N Minagawa
H Kurabayashi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fujifilm Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd filed Critical Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd
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Publication of US3853584A publication Critical patent/US3853584A/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/02—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances with solvents, e.g. swelling agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C59/00—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C59/08—Surface shaping of articles, e.g. embossing; Apparatus therefor by flame treatment ; using hot gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C71/00—After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C71/0009—After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor using liquids, e.g. solvents, swelling agents
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
    • G03C1/795—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers the base being of macromolecular substances
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/76—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers
    • G03C1/91—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers characterised by subbing layers or subbing means
    • G03C1/915—Photosensitive materials characterised by the base or auxiliary layers characterised by subbing layers or subbing means using mechanical or physical means therefor, e.g. corona
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2025/00—Use of polymers of vinyl-aromatic compounds or derivatives thereof as moulding material

Definitions

  • Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of a photographic material.
  • baryta paper has been commonly used as a support base for various photographic materials such as photographic printing paper and diffusion transfer photographic paper.
  • This baryta paper is prepared by coating paper made from pulp with a kneaded mixture consisting of fine particles of barium sulfate, a binder such as gelatin and water.
  • a support material has often suffered from a number of drawbacks such as poor dimensional stability against varying moisture, shrinking which occurs after development, delay in drying time after development and poor resistance to water.
  • the process of this invention is characterized by a two step pretreatment, in sequence, of a polystyrene support which comprises firstly roughening the surface of the polystyrene film support and then flame-treating the roughened surface of the support. The resulting support is then coated with an emulsion or suspension containing gelatin as a binder.
  • emulsion or suspension containing gelatin as a binder used throughout the specification of this invention defines such materials as are com monly used in this art and which are an aqueous emulsion or aqueous suspension of gelatin containing one or more silver halides such as silver chloride, silver bromide, silver chlorobromide or silver iodobromide; or a light-sensitive diazo compound, or a development nucleating substance for an image-receiving composition used in a silver salt diffusion transfer photographic process with or without any other substances which may be admixed therewith as are commonly used in this art.
  • silver halides such as silver chloride, silver bromide, silver chlorobromide or silver iodobromide
  • a light-sensitive diazo compound or a development nucleating substance for an image-receiving composition used in a silver salt diffusion transfer photographic process with or without any other substances which may be admixed therewith as are commonly used in this art.
  • the support material used in this invention must be so selected as to have equal or superior or mechanical or optical characteristics to conventional paper since the purpose of the present invention essentially resides in the provision of a material to be used as a photographic printing paper. Nevertheless, there has been found, up to the present, no synthetic resin which possesses nearly the same degree of toughness" or crispiness as paper, with the exception of polystyrene.
  • the present invention now provides a process whereby a novel photographic material is obtained by the use of polystyrene resin.
  • the polystyrene resin used in the process of the present invention can be a homopolymer of styrene, or a copolymer of styrene with other monomers, for example, styrene-butadiene copolymers, acrylonitrilestyrene copolymers, styrene-propylene copolymers, methylmethacrylate-styrene copolymers, a-methylstyrene homopolymers, etc. More particularly, the use of impact-resistant polystyrene, which is a copolymer of styrene with butadiene, is the most desirable material for meeting the objects of the present invention.
  • one or more resins of the resins such as ethylene-vinylacetate copolymers, ethylene-acrylate copolymers, ethylene methacrylate ionomers, ethylene-acrylic acid ionomers, butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers, ethylenepropylene copolymers, natural rubbers, synthetic iso prene rubbers, butadiene rubbers, styrene-butadiene rubbers, highstyrene content rubbers, polybutadienes, polybutene rubbers, chloropreno rubbers, butyl rubbers, or various kinds of nitrile rubbers, may be added and mixed therewith.
  • the use of such resins is effective to improve the surface flatness, molding or extruding properties, control stiffness and increasing anti-tearing strength.
  • polysty rene or polystyrene resin is used to include all of such homopolymers and copolymers of styrene, unless otherwise specified.
  • the white pigment used includes titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate barium carbonate, lithopone, alumina white, calcium carbonate silica white etc.
  • the particle size of the white pigment is preferably less than about 1 ,u and the pigment may be incorporated in the range of from about 2 to about 40 weight parts, preferably 5 to 30 weight parts, based on weight parts of the resin component.
  • Other dyestuffs or fluorescent brightenining agents known to the art may be further added to increase the whiteness of the resulting resin.
  • the polystyrene thus filled with the above pigments is then extruded in a conventional manner, and if desired, biaxially stretched to give a white and opaque film having excellent properties such as textural strength, water repellency, dimensional stability etc., which are most desirable in a support material for photographic materials.
  • polystyrene is inherently hydrophobic and chemically inactive, it is most difficult to ensure firm adhesion between the support and a hydrophilic photographic emulsion containing gelatin which is to be applied onto the surface of the support.
  • the process of the present invention comprises the combination, in sequence, of the following two steps:
  • a polystyrene support can be readily and firmly bonded to a layer of an emulsion or suspension containing gelatin.
  • the adhesion between the polystyrene support and the gelatin-containing layer fails if only one of the above two steps is applied to the support.
  • Flame-treatment itself has hitherto been applied to polyolefin resins for the purpose of improving printability and adhesiveness.
  • polyolefin resins which have an inherently smooth surface, a marked improvement in adhesion strength can be attained with the use of flame-treatment alone.
  • the adhesiveness of a polystyrene resin is not at all improved by the application of the flame-treatment alone.
  • the polystyrene support treated in accordance with'the process of this invention never loses its strong adhesion even after extended periods of time. This is contrary to what occurs in the case of the flame-treatment of smooth-surfaced polyolefin resins. Accordingly, the aging stability of the adhesiveness of the polystyrene support obtained by the process of this invention is quite unique and satisfactory for the practical use thereof.
  • steps (1) and (2) are described below.
  • step (I) The surface-roughening treatment of polystyrene support, i.e., step (I), is carried out by contacting the polystyrene film with a solvent capable of dissolving or swelling the polystyrene resin, such as tetrahydrofuran, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, methylene chloride, ethylene chloride, cyclohexane, benzene, dimethyl formamide and mixtures thereof, to thereby form a swollen layer on the surface of the polystyrene, and then contacting the resultant film with a liquid which is miscible with the above solvent but which is not comparible with or dissolves the polystyrene resin, i.e., non-solvent for polystyrene, to thereby coagulate the swollen layer while forming a roughened surface with minute protru
  • the support thus treated now has formed on its surface a layer with a number of minute pores each having a diameter and depth of from 0.1 p. to 50 60 ,u, so that incident light striking the surface is randomly reflected to give a white and opaque surface which can be satisfactorily utilized as a material for supporting a gelatincontaining photographic emulsion to give a desirable photographic printing paper, even if the support is originally transparent.
  • the polystyrene support used in this invention is substantially white and opaque regardless of whether it is filled with white pigment or not, and the only important factor is that the support be a white and opaque film.
  • Roughening treatments other than the abovedescribed process which can also be used in the practice of this invention include, for example, roughening by mechanical abrasion, foaming upon film-forming procedure by the expansion of a suitable thermally expanding foaming agents, roughening by selective dissolution of a soluble foreign substance added in the support, such as ethylene oxide, after the resin is formed into a film and the like. Any of these known surfaceroughen treatments may be employed in the practice of the present invention without substantially impairing the advantageous features of the invention.
  • step (2) The flame-treatment of this invention, i.e., step (2), is carried out by using a burner placed transversely to the running web and by blowing a flame generated by the combustion of a fuel gas and oxygen onto the roughened surface of the film while optionally cooling the opposite side of the web by contacting it with a chilled roller.
  • the gaseous fuel can be a paraffinic hydrocarbon, olefinic hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, hydrogen or a like combustible gas.
  • a paraffinic hydrocarbon is most desirable in view of its safeness and economy.
  • the mixing ratio of the fuel gas to oxygen is determined so that oxygen is present in a greater than equivalent amount to the fuel gas.
  • the larger the proportion of oxygen 'the better will be the flame stability and the higher will be the effectiveness of the flame-treatment.
  • too much oxygen will cause flash back or back tire" and will lead to the extinguishment of the flame. It is therefore important to appropriately adjust the amount of oxygen so as not to invite such an undesirable phenomenon whatever gaseous fuel is used.
  • the limit of oxygen ratio will be easily determined by the results of simple experiments, i.e., if flash back occurs, decrease oxygen until steady burning is achieved.
  • the surface treatment of the polystyrene film during the flame-treatment reaches as high as 3002,000C at instantaneous moments, and the degree of the surface temperature is dependent not only on the flow rates of the fuel gas and oxygen or air but also on the running speed of the web.
  • the exact conditions chosen will, of course, depend to a certain extent upon the exact apparatus used, but optimum conditions can always be detennined empirically, if necessary.
  • the support treated is a stretched polystyrene film
  • care must be taken so as not to heat the film to a temperature over the glass transition point to prevent the film from softening and shrinking.
  • test of Adhesion Strength in the Wet State i A polystyrene/emulsion sample as was used in the test (1) was wetted after it had been developed, fixed or water-rinsed, and a cellulose triacetate film was bonded thereto with a cyanoacrylate adhesive in the same manner as in test (1). The bonded film was then directly subjected to measurement of the stripping re sistance.
  • the expression good adhesion means, similarly to test (1), a stripping strength of more than 2 g/mm.
  • part or parts means part or parts by weight.
  • EXAMPLE 1 An impact resistant biaxially stretched polystyrene film 0.2 mm was dipped in acetone for 3 seconds than immersed in methanol for another 30 seconds to give a white, opaque support having on its surface a minute porous layer. The support was then conveyed at a running speed of 80 m/min. while blowing flame onto the roughened surface from a burner placed at a distance (burner tip to the film) of 8 mm and having a 10 cm nozzle (flame width) with a slit gap of 0.2 mm. The burner was fed with a gaseous mixture of propane and oxygen at a rate of 80 lit/hr. and 500 lit./hr., respectively.
  • EXAMPLE 2 An impact resistant polystyrene film containing 13 percent titanium dioxide having a thickness of 0.25 mm was treated with methyl ethyl ketone on one side and dried to give a support film having a lustrous surface with an extremely minute porous structure.
  • the solvent-treated side of the support was subjected to flametreatment with the use of the burner described in Example l at a support conveying speed of m/min. while feeding propane and oxygen to the burner at a rate of lit./hr. and 1,600 lit./hr., respectively.
  • the distance of the support to the burner tip was 5 cm.
  • EXAMPLE 3 A polystyrene support 0.1 mm thick was dipped in methyl isobutyl ketone for 2 seconds, dried in air for 30 seconds and then soaked for 30 seconds in ethanol to give a white and opaque polystyrene film having a microporous layer on the support surface.
  • the thus roughened polystyrene support was flame-treated under the same conditions as employed in Example 2 and thereafter coated with the following liquid (per square meter of film) so as to form an image receiving layer to be used in a silver salt diffusion transfer process.
  • Gelatin binlatin (binder) 3 g Colloidal silver sulfide (developing nuclei) 0.001 g Phenyl mercaptotetrazol (toning agent) 0.001 g Saponin (wetting agent) i 0.02 g
  • a stripping test on the thus prepared image-receiving material proved that it had a sufficiently high adhesion strength for use as an image-receiving material in a silver salt diffusion transfer photographic process, whereas, an otherwise identical support to which flame-treatment had not been applied or on which the s'urface-roughening treatment had not been effected showed a complete lack of adhesiveness between the coated layer and the support.
  • EXAMPLE 4 A roughened, white and opaque impact resistant polystyrene support obtained in the same manner as Example 2 was flame-treated under the following conditions:
  • Propane flow rate 200 lit./hr.
  • Oxygen flow rate 2500 lit./hr.
  • Distance between burner tip and film 3 cm formed a beautiful positive picture image after being printed with a negative picture.
  • EXAMPLE 5 On a polystyrene film 0.2 mm thick filled with percent by weight titanium dioxide there were blown fine particles of silica sand of a specific gravity of 2.2 and a particle size of mesh at the distance of 60 cm. to give a roughened polystyrene support having a number of minute cavities of a depth of l-3 M. The thus roughened film was flame-treated under the same conditions as employed in Example 4 and then coated with a black-and-white silver halide emulsion as used in Example l to give coated film with extremely good adhesion. A picture printed on the resultant photographic material through a negative picture gave a positive picture image with a beautiful mat face and magnificient feeling.
  • a process for the preparation of a photographic material which consists essentially of a combination in sequence of the steps of firstly forming a plurality of minute pores having a diameter and depth of from 0.1a to 60a in the surface of a polyetyrene support by roughening, secondly subjecting the roughened surface of the polystyrene support to flame-treatment, coating the resulting flame-treated surface of the polystyrene support with an emulsion or suspension containing gelatin, and drying the resulting coating.
  • a process as claimed in claim 1 where the roughening is performed by contacting the polystyrene with a solvent which dissolves or swells the surface of the polystyrene to provide a swollen surface layer and then contacting the polystyrene with a non-solvent for the polystyrene which is miscible with the solvent, whereby the swollen surface layer is coagulated.
  • polystyrene is a styrene-butadiene, styrene-acrylonitrile, styrene-propylene or styrene-methyl methacrylate copolymer.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Coating Of Shaped Articles Made Of Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
US00331948A 1972-02-14 1973-02-12 Process for the preparation of photographic materials Expired - Lifetime US3853584A (en)

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JP47015347A JPS4885126A (en)) 1972-02-14 1972-02-14

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4009295A (en) * 1974-04-15 1977-02-22 Phillips Petroleum Company Printable anti-blocking resinous block copolymer
US4780402A (en) * 1975-10-23 1988-10-25 Imperial Chemical Industries, Plc Films of a light sensitive element having a support polyethylene terephthalate containing barium sulfate particles
US5243193A (en) * 1989-06-19 1993-09-07 Wallac Oy Detection material for ionizing radiation
US5496502A (en) * 1992-06-22 1996-03-05 Packard Instrument, B.V. Adhesive plastic scintillator
US5512753A (en) * 1994-06-08 1996-04-30 Packard Instrument, B.V. Scintillation counting system using scintillator capsules
US5753754A (en) * 1996-04-25 1998-05-19 Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Company Flame-treating process
US5891967A (en) * 1996-04-25 1999-04-06 Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Company Flame-treating process
US20210173123A1 (en) * 2019-12-06 2021-06-10 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Article including film, coating material, method for producing article

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0056890B1 (en) * 1981-01-27 1986-05-07 McKee, Frederick Brian Improvements in or relating to the bonding of plastics materials and apparatus for use in the preparation of plastics materials for bonding
DE102005059095A1 (de) * 2005-12-10 2007-06-14 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Kontrolle der Oberflächenaktivierung eines Kunststoffbauteils

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2909443A (en) * 1953-09-29 1959-10-20 Du Pont Process of making polyethylene film receptive to organic coating
US3003892A (en) * 1957-10-17 1961-10-10 Eastman Kodak Co Method of marking polyethylene and resultant article
US3255034A (en) * 1962-10-17 1966-06-07 Du Pont Process for producing a coated, biaxially oriented polyolefin film and the resultingproduct
US3544432A (en) * 1968-03-19 1970-12-01 Chisso Corp Electroplating plastic articles
US3590107A (en) * 1969-06-26 1971-06-29 Eastman Kodak Co Method of flame treating subbed sheets of linear polyesters prior to orientation
US3697305A (en) * 1969-12-08 1972-10-10 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Method for producing a photographic element
US3704154A (en) * 1970-02-20 1972-11-28 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Process for producing photographic materials
US3705808A (en) * 1969-09-08 1972-12-12 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Photo-sensitive material having uv irradiated polystyrene support
US3723159A (en) * 1970-01-14 1973-03-27 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Method for the production of a photographic element

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1251514B (de) * 1962-10-17 1967-10-05 E I du Pont de Nemours and Company, Wilmington, Del (V St A) Verfahren zum Haftbarmachen der Oberflache von biaxial orientierten Polyolefinfolien fur Polymermaterialien
JPS5533057B1 (en)) * 1970-07-30 1980-08-28

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2909443A (en) * 1953-09-29 1959-10-20 Du Pont Process of making polyethylene film receptive to organic coating
US3003892A (en) * 1957-10-17 1961-10-10 Eastman Kodak Co Method of marking polyethylene and resultant article
US3255034A (en) * 1962-10-17 1966-06-07 Du Pont Process for producing a coated, biaxially oriented polyolefin film and the resultingproduct
US3544432A (en) * 1968-03-19 1970-12-01 Chisso Corp Electroplating plastic articles
US3590107A (en) * 1969-06-26 1971-06-29 Eastman Kodak Co Method of flame treating subbed sheets of linear polyesters prior to orientation
US3705808A (en) * 1969-09-08 1972-12-12 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Photo-sensitive material having uv irradiated polystyrene support
US3697305A (en) * 1969-12-08 1972-10-10 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Method for producing a photographic element
US3723159A (en) * 1970-01-14 1973-03-27 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Method for the production of a photographic element
US3704154A (en) * 1970-02-20 1972-11-28 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Process for producing photographic materials

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4009295A (en) * 1974-04-15 1977-02-22 Phillips Petroleum Company Printable anti-blocking resinous block copolymer
US4780402A (en) * 1975-10-23 1988-10-25 Imperial Chemical Industries, Plc Films of a light sensitive element having a support polyethylene terephthalate containing barium sulfate particles
US5243193A (en) * 1989-06-19 1993-09-07 Wallac Oy Detection material for ionizing radiation
US5496502A (en) * 1992-06-22 1996-03-05 Packard Instrument, B.V. Adhesive plastic scintillator
US5512753A (en) * 1994-06-08 1996-04-30 Packard Instrument, B.V. Scintillation counting system using scintillator capsules
US5753754A (en) * 1996-04-25 1998-05-19 Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Company Flame-treating process
US5891967A (en) * 1996-04-25 1999-04-06 Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Company Flame-treating process
US20210173123A1 (en) * 2019-12-06 2021-06-10 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Article including film, coating material, method for producing article

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2307290A1 (de) 1973-08-30
GB1411857A (en) 1975-10-29
JPS4885126A (en)) 1973-11-12

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