US3852893A - Training dummy with simulated wound - Google Patents

Training dummy with simulated wound Download PDF

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Publication number
US3852893A
US3852893A US00417363A US41736373A US3852893A US 3852893 A US3852893 A US 3852893A US 00417363 A US00417363 A US 00417363A US 41736373 A US41736373 A US 41736373A US 3852893 A US3852893 A US 3852893A
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simulated
wound
wire
foam
tubing
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US00417363A
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J Smrcka
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ALDERSON RES LAB
ALDERSON RES LABOR INC US
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ALDERSON RES LAB
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
    • G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
    • G09B23/28—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for medicine
    • G09B23/30—Anatomical models
    • G09B23/32—Anatomical models with moving parts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/14—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes forming integral skin on a foamed product

Definitions

  • a limb for a first aid training dummy molded of an integral skin foam The skin of the foam is shaped to define a simulated wound. Molded into the foam and extending from outside the limb and into communication with the simulated wound is a flexible plastic tube for supplying simulated blood. Aligned with the tube is a simulated bone which permits pressure to be applied to the wound or the tube to block the flow of simulated blood.
  • the tube is molded into the limb by a technique which includes supporting the tube on a support wire duringthe molding process and thereafter removing the wire from the tube.
  • Dummies of many types are available for teaching various first aid techniques.
  • the members of such dummies are usually formed from a foamed plastic flesh material and are covered by a separate simulated skin.
  • Some of these' dummies include simulated wounds formed in the skin to which is connected a plastic tubing which runs beneath the skin to a supply of simulated blood.
  • the blood supply might be contained, for example, in a squeezable bulb manipulated by an instructor to simulate arterial or venous bleeding. A student is taught to control bleeding by pressure applied either to a pressure point or to the wound itself.
  • relatively stiff support wire is passed through a length of resilient tubing with the first and second ends of the wire extending, respectively, from the first and second ends of the tubing.
  • the wire-stiffened tubing is positioned in the first mold member with the first end of the wire supported by the temporary support means and the second ends of the wire and tubing positioned outside the mold member.
  • Asecond concave mold member is positioned against the first to define therewith a mold cavity approximating the shape of a human body member.
  • the cavity is filled with a curable molding composition and the composition is cured to form a simulated human body member.
  • the support wire is then removed from the tubing.
  • FIG. 2 is an elevational view of the arm of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 supported in the mold cavity as FIG. 3 is a cross section taken substantially along the line 33 of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a partial view of an upper half mold for forming the arm of FIGS. 1-3, showing a resilient tubing positioned therein prior to molding;
  • FIG. 5 is a partial view of a lower half mold showing the skeletal members positioned therein prior to mold-
  • FIG. 6 is a cross section through the assembled mold formed by the upper and lower mold halves;
  • FIG. 7 is'an enlarged view illustrating the manner in which the'flexible tube is supported within the mold.
  • FIGS. l3 there is illustrated a simulated limb 10 in the shape of an upper arm molded from an integral skin foam 12.
  • the foam defines a recess 14 for receiving a female pivot joint (-not shown) on a torso.
  • a male pivot joint 16 Extending into the. recess is a male pivot joint 16 which defines a circular opening 18 therethrough.
  • a hinge pin passage 20 Formed in the foam 12', and aligned with the opening 18, is a hinge pin passage 20 which extends through the surface of the integral skin foam.
  • a portion of the pivot joint 16 is molded within the limb and defines a circular socket 22 which supports one end of a simulated upper arm bone 24.
  • Cemented or otherwise secured to the arm bone 24 is a short length of rigid tubing 26 whosepurpose will be later explained.
  • the wound 28 is positioned on a portion of the surface relatively close to the tubing 26.
  • Molded into the foam 12 is a resilient flexible tube 30 formed of a material such as nylon. One end of this tube communicates with the surface of the limb through wound 28 and the other end is adapted to be connected to a suitable fluid reservoir or pump.
  • FIGS. l3 a limb for a training dummy formed of an integral skin foam.
  • the foam contains a flexible tubing through which the simulated blood may be pumped to emerge from the wound.
  • the tube 30 may be pinched closed by being squeezed between the externally applied force and the rigid tubing 26. In this manner proper control of bleeding can be taught.
  • FIG. 4 illusity 34 and a recess 36 communicating with the cavity.
  • the wall of theupper mold also defines an opening 38 therethrough.
  • the inner surface of the mold half 32 carries wound defining projection 40 upon which is mounted an eyelet 42.
  • the lower half mold 44 shown in FIG. 5 defines a mating half cavity 46 and recess 48.
  • a hole 50 extends through the mold wall as shown in FIG. 6.
  • Mounted in the recess 48 is a support bracket 52 to which is mounted at its inner end the male pivot 16 by means of a pin 54 supported in hole 50.
  • FIG. 5 Prior to assembling the mold, a relatively stiff support wire 56 is pushed into the end of the flexible tubing 30 with its ends protruding from the ends of the tubing. The tubing is then inserted through the opening 38 in the and tubing 26 are thus' upper mold half and the end of the wire 56 is inserted into the eyelet 42 as illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 7. In this manner, the tube is supported within the mold cavity. Thereafter, the mold halves 32, 144 are assembled as shown in FIG. 6, and the resulting mold cavity is filled with the integral skin foam. When the foam has cured, the pin 54 and the bracket 52 are removed, leaving the skeletal structure embedded within the limb. The lower half mold is then removed.
  • the protruding end of the support wire 56 is grasped and pulled out of the tube 30.
  • Thefinished limb is then removed from the upper half mold, at the same time pulling the flexible tube 30 from the opening 38. It will, of course, be apparent that those portions of the foam formerly occupied by the wire 56 and the eyelet 42 provide fluid passages from the skin surface to the interior of the tube 30.
  • the method of forming a simulated wound in a training dummy which comprises: providing a first concave mold member defining on its inner surface a raised, wound defining, projection; providing, adjacent said projection, means for temporarily'supporting the end of a wire; passing a relatively stiff support wire through a length of resilient tubing with the first and second ends of said wire extending; respectively, from the first and second ends of said tubing; positioning the wire stiffened tubing with the first end of said wire supported by said temporary support means and the second ends of said wire and tubing outside the first mold member; positioning a second concave mold member against said first mold member to define therewith a mold cavity approximating the shape of a human body member; filling said cavity with a curable molding composition; curing said composition to form a simulated human body member; removing said supportwire from said tubing; and removing said simulated body member from said first and second mold members.
  • said temporary support means comprises an eyelet.
  • said molding composition comprises an integral skin foam.
  • An artificial body member which comprises: a simulated bone; an integral. skin foam surrounding said simulated bone and shaped to resemble a human body member, the external surface of said foam defining a simulated wound; and a flexible tube molded in said foam with a first end communicating with said wound and a second end extending outwardly from said foam.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computational Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Algebra (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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  • Educational Technology (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Instructional Devices (AREA)

Abstract

There is disclosed a limb for a first aid training dummy molded of an integral skin foam. The skin of the foam is shaped to define a simulated wound. Molded into the foam and extending from outside the limb and into communication with the simulated wound is a flexible plastic tube for supplying simulated blood. Aligned with the tube is a simulated bone which permits pressure to be applied to the wound or the tube to block the flow of simulated blood. The tube is molded into the limb by a technique which includes supporting the tube on a support wire during the molding process and thereafter removing the wire from the tube.

Description

Unite States atent 1191 1111 3,852,893 Smrcka Dec. 10, 1974 TRAINING DUMMY WITH SIMULATED Assignee:
WOUND Inventor:
Alderson Research Laboratories, Inc., Stamford, Conn.
Filed: Nov. 19, 1973 Appl. No.: 417,363
us. or 35/17, 264/DIG. 14 1m. (:1. 60% 23/30 Field Of Search 35/17; 264/DIG. 14
References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 4/1962 Alderson .1. 35/17 2/1972 Nuttall 264/DIG. 14 x Joseph G. Smrcka, Norwalk, Conn. I
Primary Examinerl-larland S. Skogquist Attorney, Agent, or FirmBuckles and Bramblett [5 7] ABSTRACT There is disclosed a limb for a first aid training dummy molded of an integral skin foam. The skin of the foam is shaped to define a simulated wound. Molded into the foam and extending from outside the limb and into communication with the simulated wound is a flexible plastic tube for supplying simulated blood. Aligned with the tube is a simulated bone which permits pressure to be applied to the wound or the tube to block the flow of simulated blood. The tube is molded into the limb by a technique which includes supporting the tube on a support wire duringthe molding process and thereafter removing the wire from the tube.
S'CIaims, 7 Drawing Figures PATENTED DEC 10 1914 saw 10$ 2 w\ l 11 i PATENTEDUEI: 10 m4 3.852.893
suzaranr I HWWIHIW "4!" mil WW BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Dummies of many types are available for teaching various first aid techniques. The members of such dummies are usually formed from a foamed plastic flesh material and are covered by a separate simulated skin. Some of these' dummies include simulated wounds formed in the skin to which is connected a plastic tubing which runs beneath the skin to a supply of simulated blood. The blood supply might be contained, for example, in a squeezable bulb manipulated by an instructor to simulate arterial or venous bleeding. A student is taught to control bleeding by pressure applied either to a pressure point or to the wound itself.
One disadvantage of the prior art construction is that the tube, lying just beneath the skin, does not have the same pressure characteristics as a human blood vessel lying beneath a layer of flesh. It will also be apparent that it would be desirable, if possible, to eliminate the necessity for separate skin and flesh portions. It has now become possible to achieve this objective by means ofa foam which forms an integral skin at the surface of the mold. One such foam FLEXIPOL FSF- 106 is available from Flexible Products Company, Marietta, Ga. However, use of such a foam eliminates the previous pathway beneath the skin for a resilient tube and introduces the problem of how to mold such a limb around a flexible. resilient tube such as a nylon tube.
Accordingly, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide a method for supporting a resilient flexible tube within a mold during a molding operation. Another object is to provide an integral skin foam body member for a first aid training dummy, having a simulated blood vessel molded therein. Other objects, features andadvantages will become apparent from the following description and appended claims.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Formation ofa simulated wound in a training dummy which comprises providing a first concave mold member defining on its inner surface a raised, wound defining projection. Means are provided adjacent the projection for temporarily supporting the end ofa wire. A
relatively stiff support wire is passed through a length of resilient tubing with the first and second ends of the wire extending, respectively, from the first and second ends of the tubing. The wire-stiffened tubing is positioned in the first mold member with the first end of the wire supported by the temporary support means and the second ends of the wire and tubing positioned outside the mold member. Asecond concave mold member is positioned against the first to define therewith a mold cavity approximating the shape of a human body member. The cavity is filled with a curable molding composition and the composition is cured to form a simulated human body member. The support wire is then removed from the tubing.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 2 is an elevational view of the arm of FIG. 1;
. supported in the mold cavity as FIG. 3 is a cross section taken substantially along the line 33 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a partial view of an upper half mold for forming the arm of FIGS. 1-3, showing a resilient tubing positioned therein prior to molding;
FIG. 5 is a partial view of a lower half mold showing the skeletal members positioned therein prior to mold- FIG. 6 is a cross section through the assembled mold formed by the upper and lower mold halves; and
FIG. 7 is'an enlarged view illustrating the manner in which the'flexible tube is supported within the mold.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT With particular reference to FIGS. l3, there is illustrated a simulated limb 10 in the shape of an upper arm molded from an integral skin foam 12. At the shoulder area the foam defines a recess 14 for receiving a female pivot joint (-not shown) on a torso. Extending into the. recess is a male pivot joint 16 which defines a circular opening 18 therethrough. Formed in the foam 12', and aligned with the opening 18, is a hinge pin passage 20 which extends through the surface of the integral skin foam. A portion of the pivot joint 16 is molded within the limb and defines a circular socket 22 which supports one end of a simulated upper arm bone 24. Cemented or otherwise secured to the arm bone 24 is a short length of rigid tubing 26 whosepurpose will be later explained. The skinned surface of foam l2'defines a depression forming a simulated wound 28. The wound 28 is positioned on a portion of the surface relatively close to the tubing 26. Molded into the foam 12 is a resilient flexible tube 30 formed of a material such as nylon. One end of this tube communicates with the surface of the limb through wound 28 and the other end is adapted to be connected to a suitable fluid reservoir or pump.
It will now be apparent that there is illustrated in FIGS. l3, a limb for a training dummy formed of an integral skin foam. The foam contains a flexible tubing through which the simulated blood may be pumped to emerge from the wound. By applying force, either directly onto the wound 28 or at a pressure point above the wound, the tube 30 may be pinched closed by being squeezed between the externally applied force and the rigid tubing 26. In this manner proper control of bleeding can be taught.
The method by which the limb is formed will now be explained with reference to FIGS. 4-7. FIG. 4 illusity 34 and a recess 36 communicating with the cavity.
The wall of theupper mold also defines an opening 38 therethrough. The inner surface of the mold half 32 carries wound defining projection 40 upon which is mounted an eyelet 42. The lower half mold 44 shown in FIG. 5 defines a mating half cavity 46 and recess 48. A hole 50 extends through the mold wall as shown in FIG. 6. Mounted in the recess 48 is a support bracket 52 to which is mounted at its inner end the male pivot 16 by means of a pin 54 supported in hole 50. The socket 22, upper arm bone 24,
shown in FIG. 5. Prior to assembling the mold, a relatively stiff support wire 56 is pushed into the end of the flexible tubing 30 with its ends protruding from the ends of the tubing. The tubing is then inserted through the opening 38 in the and tubing 26 are thus' upper mold half and the end of the wire 56 is inserted into the eyelet 42 as illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 7. In this manner, the tube is supported within the mold cavity. Thereafter, the mold halves 32, 144 are assembled as shown in FIG. 6, and the resulting mold cavity is filled with the integral skin foam. When the foam has cured, the pin 54 and the bracket 52 are removed, leaving the skeletal structure embedded within the limb. The lower half mold is then removed. Next, the protruding end of the support wire 56 is grasped and pulled out of the tube 30. Thefinished limb is then removed from the upper half mold, at the same time pulling the flexible tube 30 from the opening 38. It will, of course, be apparent that those portions of the foam formerly occupied by the wire 56 and the eyelet 42 provide fluid passages from the skin surface to the interior of the tube 30.
It is believed that the many advantages of this invention will now be apparent to those skilled in the art It will also be apparent that a number of art. and modifications may be made therein, without departing from its spirit andscope. Accordingly, the foregoing description is to be taken as illustrative only, rather than limiting. This invention is limited only by the scope of the following claims. 5
I claim:
1. The method of forming a simulated wound in a training dummy which comprises: providing a first concave mold member defining on its inner surface a raised, wound defining, projection; providing, adjacent said projection, means for temporarily'supporting the end of a wire; passing a relatively stiff support wire through a length of resilient tubing with the first and second ends of said wire extending; respectively, from the first and second ends of said tubing; positioning the wire stiffened tubing with the first end of said wire supported by said temporary support means and the second ends of said wire and tubing outside the first mold member; positioning a second concave mold member against said first mold member to define therewith a mold cavity approximating the shape of a human body member; filling said cavity with a curable molding composition; curing said composition to form a simulated human body member; removing said supportwire from said tubing; and removing said simulated body member from said first and second mold members.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said temporary support means comprises an eyelet.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein said molding composition comprises an integral skin foam.
4. An artificial body member which comprises: a simulated bone; an integral. skin foam surrounding said simulated bone and shaped to resemble a human body member, the external surface of said foam defining a simulated wound; and a flexible tube molded in said foam with a first end communicating with said wound and a second end extending outwardly from said foam.
5. The member of claim 4 wherein said flexible tube is positioned to be pinched between said wound and said bone.

Claims (5)

1. The method of forming a simulated wound in a training dummy which comprises: providing a first concave mold member defining on its inner surface a raised, wound defining, projection; providing, adjacent said projection, means for temporarily supporting the end of a wire; passing a relatively stiff support wire through a length of resilient tubing with the first and second ends of said wire extending; respectively, from the first and second ends of said tubing; positioning the wire stiffened tubing with the first end of said wire supported by said temporary support means and the second ends of said wire and tubing outside the first mold member; positioning a second concave mold member against said first mold member to define therewith a mold cavity approximating the shape of a human body member; filling said cavity with a curable molding composition; curing said composition to form a simulated human body member; removing said support wire from said tubing; and removing said simulated body member from said first and second mold members.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said temporary support means comprises an eyelet.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein said molding composition comprises an integral skin foam.
4. An artificial body member which comprises: a simulated bone; an integral skin foam surrounding said simulated bone and shaped to resemble a human body member, the external surface of said foam defining a simulated wound; and a flexible tube molded in said foam with a first end communicating with said wound and a second end extending outwardly from said foam.
5. The member of claim 4 wherein said flexible tube is positioned to be pinched between said wound and said bone.
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Cited By (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4789340A (en) * 1987-08-18 1988-12-06 Zikria Bashir A Surgical student teaching aid
US5215469A (en) * 1991-02-13 1993-06-01 Ambu International A/S Training apparatus for the practice of puncturing blood vessels
US5945056A (en) * 1997-05-28 1999-08-31 Simutech Limited Method of making a surgical simulator
US6241525B1 (en) 1999-09-28 2001-06-05 Basf Corporation Pressure ulcer wound care models, methods and kits
WO2006060724A3 (en) * 2004-12-02 2006-08-24 Us Gov Sec Army Trauma training mannequin
US20070243512A1 (en) * 2004-12-02 2007-10-18 King Lynn R Trauma Training System
WO2007121341A2 (en) * 2006-04-14 2007-10-25 Simquest Llc Limb hemorrhage trauma simulator
US20070292829A1 (en) * 2004-12-02 2007-12-20 King Lynn R Intravenous (iv) training system
US20090098521A1 (en) * 2007-10-16 2009-04-16 Industrial Technology Research Institute Tissue mimicking phantom
US20090298034A1 (en) * 2008-06-03 2009-12-03 Techline Technologies, Inc. Dba Mps Techline Of Pennsylvania, Inc. Wearable Wound Simulant
US20110200977A1 (en) * 2008-10-20 2011-08-18 Stiftelsen Arcada Cannulation simulator
US8827720B1 (en) 2011-03-18 2014-09-09 Chi Systems, Inc. Simulation tools, trainers, systems and methods for trauma assessment and tourniquet training applications
US9280917B2 (en) 2008-06-03 2016-03-08 Techline Technologies, Inc. Simulant with vascular element mechanically responsive to a tourniquet
US20160071436A1 (en) * 2010-06-30 2016-03-10 Stuart Charles Segall Wearable Partial Task Surgical Simulator
US20170076635A1 (en) * 2015-07-06 2017-03-16 Gray's Bone and Joint Models, LLC Vascular procedure training system
US20170345339A1 (en) * 2016-05-26 2017-11-30 Cari JoAnn Normand Wound Debridement Model
US9865179B2 (en) 2012-05-20 2018-01-09 Stuart Charles Segall Tactical combat casualty care training system for hyper-realistic™ emergency medical training
US20180308394A1 (en) * 2010-06-30 2018-10-25 Stuart Charles Segall Wearable Partial Task Surgical Simulator
US10217380B2 (en) 2008-06-03 2019-02-26 Techline Technologies, Inc. Wound box trainer
US20190156704A1 (en) * 2008-06-03 2019-05-23 Techline Technologies, Inc. Wound Box Trainer
US10325524B2 (en) 2015-11-07 2019-06-18 Stuart Charles Segall Lateral canthotomy and cantholysis simulation device
US20190287422A1 (en) * 2008-06-03 2019-09-19 Techline Technologies, Inc. Wound Box Trainer
US10665135B2 (en) 2015-11-07 2020-05-26 Strategic Operations, Inc. Lateral cathotomy and cantholysis simulation device
US10726743B2 (en) 2016-12-30 2020-07-28 Strategic Operations, Inc. Multi-junctional bleeding simulator
US20200349864A1 (en) * 2017-10-24 2020-11-05 Phokus Research Group, Llc Technologies for wound treatment education
US10885813B2 (en) * 2016-11-29 2021-01-05 Prytime Medical Devices, Inc. Body model for temporary hemorrhage control training and simulation
US11195434B2 (en) * 2008-06-03 2021-12-07 Techline Technologies, Inc. Wound box trainer
US20220058983A1 (en) * 2016-05-02 2022-02-24 Techline Technologies, Inc. Wound Box Trainer
US11495143B2 (en) 2010-06-30 2022-11-08 Strategic Operations, Inc. Emergency casualty care trainer
US11600200B2 (en) 2018-07-05 2023-03-07 Advanced Trauma Training Systems LLC Moulage training apparatus, injury simulant, method of making and using the same
US11688303B2 (en) 2010-06-30 2023-06-27 Strategic Operations, Inc. Simulated torso for an open surgery simulator
US11854427B2 (en) 2010-06-30 2023-12-26 Strategic Operations, Inc. Wearable medical trainer

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Cited By (66)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4789340A (en) * 1987-08-18 1988-12-06 Zikria Bashir A Surgical student teaching aid
US5215469A (en) * 1991-02-13 1993-06-01 Ambu International A/S Training apparatus for the practice of puncturing blood vessels
US5945056A (en) * 1997-05-28 1999-08-31 Simutech Limited Method of making a surgical simulator
US6241525B1 (en) 1999-09-28 2001-06-05 Basf Corporation Pressure ulcer wound care models, methods and kits
WO2006060724A3 (en) * 2004-12-02 2006-08-24 Us Gov Sec Army Trauma training mannequin
AU2005311665B2 (en) * 2004-12-02 2010-08-05 United States Government As Represented By The U.S. Army Trauma training mannequin
US20130078604A1 (en) * 2004-12-02 2013-03-28 Government Of The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Trauma Training System
US20070292829A1 (en) * 2004-12-02 2007-12-20 King Lynn R Intravenous (iv) training system
US8342852B2 (en) 2004-12-02 2013-01-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Trauma training system
US20110111380A1 (en) * 2004-12-02 2011-05-12 Government Of The United States, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Trauma Training System
US7887330B2 (en) * 2004-12-02 2011-02-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Trauma training system
US20070243512A1 (en) * 2004-12-02 2007-10-18 King Lynn R Trauma Training System
US10347157B2 (en) 2004-12-02 2019-07-09 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Trauma training system
US9342996B2 (en) * 2004-12-02 2016-05-17 The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Trauma training system
US20090011394A1 (en) * 2006-04-14 2009-01-08 Simquest Llc Limb hemorrhage trauma simulator
EP2010068A4 (en) * 2006-04-14 2010-07-14 Simquest Llc Limb hemorrhage trauma simulator
EP2010068A2 (en) * 2006-04-14 2009-01-07 Simquest LLC Limb hemorrhage trauma simulator
WO2007121341A3 (en) * 2006-04-14 2008-12-18 Simquest Llc Limb hemorrhage trauma simulator
WO2007121341A2 (en) * 2006-04-14 2007-10-25 Simquest Llc Limb hemorrhage trauma simulator
WO2007127194A3 (en) * 2006-04-24 2008-04-24 Us Gov Sec Army Trauma training system
US8568147B2 (en) 2007-10-16 2013-10-29 Industrial Technology Research Institute Tissue mimicking phantom
US20090098521A1 (en) * 2007-10-16 2009-04-16 Industrial Technology Research Institute Tissue mimicking phantom
US20190287422A1 (en) * 2008-06-03 2019-09-19 Techline Technologies, Inc. Wound Box Trainer
US11195434B2 (en) * 2008-06-03 2021-12-07 Techline Technologies, Inc. Wound box trainer
US9280917B2 (en) 2008-06-03 2016-03-08 Techline Technologies, Inc. Simulant with vascular element mechanically responsive to a tourniquet
US10586470B2 (en) * 2008-06-03 2020-03-10 Techline Technologies, Inc. Wound box trainer
US20090298034A1 (en) * 2008-06-03 2009-12-03 Techline Technologies, Inc. Dba Mps Techline Of Pennsylvania, Inc. Wearable Wound Simulant
US10535282B2 (en) * 2008-06-03 2020-01-14 Techline Technologies, Inc. Wound box trainer
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