US3847725A - Dry transfer materials - Google Patents
Dry transfer materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3847725A US3847725A US00880541A US88054169A US3847725A US 3847725 A US3847725 A US 3847725A US 00880541 A US00880541 A US 00880541A US 88054169 A US88054169 A US 88054169A US 3847725 A US3847725 A US 3847725A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- indicia
- film
- polymeric
- accordance
- coating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
- B44C—PRODUCING DECORATIVE EFFECTS; MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING
- B44C1/00—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects
- B44C1/16—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like
- B44C1/165—Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing decorative surface effects for applying transfer pictures or the like for decalcomanias; sheet material therefor
- B44C1/17—Dry transfer
- B44C1/1733—Decalcomanias applied under pressure only, e.g. provided with a pressure sensitive adhesive
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/28—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and having an adhesive outermost layer
- Y10T428/2848—Three or more layers
Definitions
- a dry transfer material which includes a carrier sheet [58] Fieid 167, having a solvent-inert, substantially non-extensible, ⁇ 17/3 3 highly cross-linked polymeric surface. lndicia, such as letters or symbols, which form a film are printed on [56] References Cited the surface and a dry elastomeric pressure sensitive UNITED STATES PATENTS adhesive extends over the indicia.
- Dry transfer materials are widely used in the creation of designs, advertising media, and other art work which is produced by transferring to a receiving sheet individual indicium carried on a single transfer sheet to provide a desired combination of letters or symbols on the receiving sheet.
- dry transfer materials has been generally applied to those materials in which the indicia are adhered to the receiving sheet by a pressure sensitive adhesive that becomes adherent only upon applicationof substantial pressure.
- the transparent carrier sheet may be readily slid over the receiving surface to align a specific indicium in a desired position, whereupon transfer is effected by rubbing or burnishing the reverse side'of the carrier sheet in the vicinity of the indicium to be transferred.
- Dry transfer materials of the kind described above are well known, and consist of a carriersheet, ink indicia in the form of symbols, letters, or designs printed on the carrier sheet, and a layer of pressure sensitive adhesive overlying the indicia and the unprinted portion of the carrier sheet.
- the pressure sensitive adhesive overlaps the indicia onto the carrier sheet and typically shears along the outline of theindicium to be transferred without accompanying transfer of the overlapping adhesive. Since, however, the transferring pressure is produced by rubbing or burnishing, stretching of many of the carriersheets heretofore used can occur as a result of the transferring operation. This produces undesirable consequences.
- the dry transfer material of the present invention comprises a carrier sheet including a solvent-inert, substantially non-extensible, highly cross-linked polymeric film of high tensile strength.
- the polymeric surface is obtained by applying a coating to a carrier film which does not necessarily have the required surface characteristics.
- a dry transfer material functions to provide distortion-free transfer of indicia will be more readily understood following a description of the desirable characteristics of the separate elements.
- polymeric Coating It is required that the surface to which the indicia and adhesive are applied be substantially non-extensible and insoluble in the solvents typically used in printing media and in adhesives. These characteristics are found in highly cross-linked or branched polymeric materials.
- Thermosetting polymers such as polyvinylbutralmelamine, ureaformaldehyde, polyvinylformal-phenol, melamineepoxy, and thermosetting acrylics, are particularly useful. These may be used to provide the required surface by printing, spraying, dipping, or .coating a carrier film with the selectedjpolymeric material.
- the polymeric coating must be substantially non-extensible.
- materials which have very low ultimate elongations are'0.5 to 1.0 and 0.6 percent, respectively,-(-measured by ASTM D 638).
- the ultimate elongations of some materials used as prior art carrier sheets are 10 to percent for polystyrene, to percent for polyesters, and 225 to '500;percent'for medium density polyethylene (measured by ASTM D 882).
- the preferred polymeric coatings verge, therefore, on being brittle, that is, they tend to break or snap before any significant stretching or elongation occurs.
- These compounds included mineral spirits, hexane, cyclohexane, solvent naphtha, toluene, trichloroethylene, carbon disulfide, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, nitrobenzene, pxylene, ethylene dichloride, o-dichlorbenzene, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, ethylene-glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, tetrahydrofuran, methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, methyl iso-butyl ketone, 1,4 dioxane, morpholine, methanol, ethanol,isopropanoLN-butyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, and diethylene .glycol ,monobutyl ether.
- the incidia must be viewed from the-reverse side of the carrier sheet to position individual indicium for transfer to a receiving sheet, the'polymeric coating must-be transparent.
- Thepolymeric coatings discussed above have high clarityand can be provided with either a smooth or mattesurface as desired.
- Theprintingzinks-must include ingredients which exhibit high tensile strength when cast as a film -to form indicia on-'the polymeric surface.
- ingredients which exhibit high tensile strength when cast as a film -to form indicia on-'the polymeric surface.
- the ink'base is a vinylchloride-vinyl acetate copolymer which forms a tough film.
- the polymer is preferably dissolved in a fairly high surfacetension solvent system,
- the indicia are lightly adhered to the surface of the polymeric coating in the manner suggested by the adsorption theory of adhesion. For example, removal of a one-half inch strip of indicia formed from an ink as described above requires a force of the order of five grams, as tested in accordance with the standard 90 peel test.
- Adhesive The adhesive must be one which does not adhere to a receiving surface at light pressure but will adhere upon application of significant pressure, e.g., 50 pounds per square inch. Additionally, however, it is required that the adherence of the adhesive to the polymeric coating be significantly greater than the adherence of the indicia to the coating.
- an adhesive base polymer which is a rubbery elastomer is selected and is dissolved in a fairly low surface tension solvent system. Such a combination is found, for example, by dissolving cis-polyisoprene in an aliphatic solvent. The solution can be made into a poor film-former by controlled addition of fillers or thermosetting resins or the like.
- the adhesive solution is not a film-former and the solvent system tends to wet the polymeric coating
- the stress concentration in the adhesive layer close to the interface between the layer and the polymeric surface of the coating is far less than that found in the ink film.
- the adherence of the adhesive to the coating is substantially greater than that of the ink film.
- a preferred embodiment of the invention includes a polymeric coating, preferably urea-formaldehyde or melamine-formaldehyde, coated upon a carrier film.
- a carrier film does not directly affect the mechanism of transfer, it should have good transparency and dimensional stability, and not be susceptible to solvent attack. The latter is desired to avoid either mechanical or chemical interaction between the polymeric coating and the carrier film.
- polyester films may be used.
- polyester films which require 15,000 to 23,000 p.s.i. to produce an elongation of 5 percent.
- Other acceptable carrier films include transparent papers, such as glassine or parchment grades.
- the polymeric coating is then printed with a printing ink having the surface tension and film-forming characteristics previously described.
- Inks based upon vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate resins or acrylic resins produce films of high tensile strength, e.g., 1,200 to 2,000 p.s.i., which readily peel from the coating.
- a coating of pressure sensitive adhesive having the characteristics already described is then applied over the indicia and the unprinted portion of the polymeric coating.
- the indicium is then applied in the vicinity of the indicium to be transferred to adhere the indicium to the receiving surface. Since the indicium is relatively lightly adhered to the polymeric coating as compared to the adherence of the adhesive to the coating, the indicium may be readily pulled from the polymeric coating by the adherence of the adhesive to the receiving surface.
- the adhesive overlaps the indicium, it shears along the outline of the indicium so that little or no halo of adhesive is transferred.
- the process as described above can then be repeated to transfer another letter or symbol in alignment with the first transferred letter or symbol. Because the polymeric coating is nonextensible, the transferred indicium is not distorted by stretching nor does any permanent elongation of the coating occur.
- Dry transfer materials were made utilizing combinations of the above described coatings, adhesives, and inks. Indicia were transferred by placing the dry transfer sheet in contact with a suitable receiving sheet between the platens of a hydraulic press and applying a pressure in excess of 50 p.s.i. Examination of the polymeric coating surface after transfer of indicia showed no visual change. Examination of the surface by multiple internal reflectance spectroscopy showed no chemical change in the surface.
- Dry transfer materials made in accordance with the present invention provide a product of highly improved appearance and durability. Convenient transfer of indicia can be achieved under a variety of conditions without adverse effects upon the indicia as transferred or the sheet from which the transfer is made.
- a dry transfer material comprising a carrier sheet including a solvent-inert, substantially non-extensible, highly cross-linked polymeric surface, indicia forming a film printed on said surface, and a dry elastomeric pressure sensitive adhesive extending over the indicia and the polymeric surface.
- a dry transfer material comprising a carrier sheet, a solvent-inert, substantially non-extensible, highly crosslinked polymeric coating on one surface of the carrier sheet, indicia forming a film printed on said coating, and a dry elastomeric pressure sensitive adhesive extending over the indicia and the coating.
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BE759486D BE759486A (fr) | 1969-11-28 | Decalcomanies a sec | |
US00880541A US3847725A (en) | 1969-11-28 | 1969-11-28 | Dry transfer materials |
GB5161870A GB1325747A (en) | 1969-11-28 | 1970-10-30 | Dry transfers |
CA097319A CA934614A (en) | 1969-11-28 | 1970-11-04 | Dry transfer materials |
JP45099877A JPS499043B1 (de) | 1969-11-28 | 1970-11-14 | |
FR7041548A FR2069684A5 (de) | 1969-11-28 | 1970-11-19 | |
DE2057859A DE2057859C2 (de) | 1969-11-28 | 1970-11-25 | Trockenübertragungsmaterial |
NL7017414A NL7017414A (de) | 1969-11-28 | 1970-11-27 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US00880541A US3847725A (en) | 1969-11-28 | 1969-11-28 | Dry transfer materials |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3847725A true US3847725A (en) | 1974-11-12 |
Family
ID=25376515
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00880541A Expired - Lifetime US3847725A (en) | 1969-11-28 | 1969-11-28 | Dry transfer materials |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3847725A (de) |
JP (1) | JPS499043B1 (de) |
BE (1) | BE759486A (de) |
CA (1) | CA934614A (de) |
DE (1) | DE2057859C2 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2069684A5 (de) |
GB (1) | GB1325747A (de) |
NL (1) | NL7017414A (de) |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4414275A (en) * | 1981-07-13 | 1983-11-08 | Loctite (Ireland) Limited | UV Curable adhesive tape |
EP0241213A1 (de) * | 1986-04-01 | 1987-10-14 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Trockenübertragungsmaterial von Musterungen und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
US5308684A (en) * | 1988-11-11 | 1994-05-03 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Burning pattern sheet |
EP0621142A2 (de) * | 1993-04-20 | 1994-10-26 | Decora, Incorporated | Druckempfindliches Trockenübertragungsbild und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
US5441785A (en) * | 1991-01-02 | 1995-08-15 | Liebe, Jr.; Robert J. | Composite alignment-maintaining plastic lettering material |
DE29602430U1 (de) * | 1996-02-12 | 1997-07-03 | Zweckform Etikettiertechnik | Transferetikett |
US5700552A (en) * | 1995-04-07 | 1997-12-23 | Fujicopian Co., Ltd. | Pressure-sensitive correction tape |
EP0899130A2 (de) * | 1997-08-28 | 1999-03-03 | Trip Industries Holding B.V. | Abziehbilder enthaltend Klebeschichten, die durch Lösungsmittel aktivierbar sind |
EP0909662A2 (de) * | 1997-10-16 | 1999-04-21 | Trip Industries Holding B.V. | Drucken eines Klebstoffmusters |
US6235364B1 (en) | 1997-11-13 | 2001-05-22 | Fujicopian Co., Ltd. | Pressure-sensitive correction tape |
US6500509B1 (en) | 1998-11-19 | 2002-12-31 | Fujicopian Co., Ltd. | Pressure sensitive transfer tape |
US7074477B2 (en) | 1996-02-12 | 2006-07-11 | Zweckform Etikettiertechnik Gmbh | Transfer label |
US20090261572A1 (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2009-10-22 | Sicpa Holding S.A. | Security Document and Method of Making Same |
US20200126692A1 (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2020-04-23 | Sterlite Technologies Limited | I-shaped filler |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2212787A5 (de) * | 1973-01-03 | 1974-07-26 | Martin Francois | |
FR2434710A1 (fr) * | 1978-09-04 | 1980-03-28 | Rosenfeld Jerome | Materiau et procede de transfert a sec de signes sur une surface receptrice |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3065120A (en) * | 1960-08-29 | 1962-11-20 | Mask Off Company Inc | Dry transfer decals |
US3276933A (en) * | 1962-09-17 | 1966-10-04 | Radiant Color Company | Transfer sheet and method |
US3298850A (en) * | 1962-03-21 | 1967-01-17 | Letraset International Ltd | Dry transfer materials |
US3411978A (en) * | 1964-12-31 | 1968-11-19 | Avery Products Corp | Pressure sensitive adhesive marker |
US3454458A (en) * | 1966-05-20 | 1969-07-08 | Ernst Borregard | Dry transfer sheet for transferring images having varied surface characteristics |
-
0
- BE BE759486D patent/BE759486A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1969
- 1969-11-28 US US00880541A patent/US3847725A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1970
- 1970-10-30 GB GB5161870A patent/GB1325747A/en not_active Expired
- 1970-11-04 CA CA097319A patent/CA934614A/en not_active Expired
- 1970-11-14 JP JP45099877A patent/JPS499043B1/ja active Pending
- 1970-11-19 FR FR7041548A patent/FR2069684A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1970-11-25 DE DE2057859A patent/DE2057859C2/de not_active Expired
- 1970-11-27 NL NL7017414A patent/NL7017414A/xx unknown
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3065120A (en) * | 1960-08-29 | 1962-11-20 | Mask Off Company Inc | Dry transfer decals |
US3298850A (en) * | 1962-03-21 | 1967-01-17 | Letraset International Ltd | Dry transfer materials |
US3276933A (en) * | 1962-09-17 | 1966-10-04 | Radiant Color Company | Transfer sheet and method |
US3411978A (en) * | 1964-12-31 | 1968-11-19 | Avery Products Corp | Pressure sensitive adhesive marker |
US3454458A (en) * | 1966-05-20 | 1969-07-08 | Ernst Borregard | Dry transfer sheet for transferring images having varied surface characteristics |
Cited By (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4414275A (en) * | 1981-07-13 | 1983-11-08 | Loctite (Ireland) Limited | UV Curable adhesive tape |
EP0241213A1 (de) * | 1986-04-01 | 1987-10-14 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Trockenübertragungsmaterial von Musterungen und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
US4919994A (en) * | 1986-04-01 | 1990-04-24 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Dry transfer graphics article and methods of preparation and use thereof |
US4999076A (en) * | 1986-04-01 | 1991-03-12 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Dry transfer graphics article method of preparation |
US5308684A (en) * | 1988-11-11 | 1994-05-03 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Burning pattern sheet |
US5441785A (en) * | 1991-01-02 | 1995-08-15 | Liebe, Jr.; Robert J. | Composite alignment-maintaining plastic lettering material |
EP0621142A2 (de) * | 1993-04-20 | 1994-10-26 | Decora, Incorporated | Druckempfindliches Trockenübertragungsbild und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
EP0621142A3 (de) * | 1993-04-20 | 1995-02-15 | Decora Inc | Druckempfindliches Trockenübertragungsbild und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung. |
US5700552A (en) * | 1995-04-07 | 1997-12-23 | Fujicopian Co., Ltd. | Pressure-sensitive correction tape |
US7074477B2 (en) | 1996-02-12 | 2006-07-11 | Zweckform Etikettiertechnik Gmbh | Transfer label |
DE29602430U1 (de) * | 1996-02-12 | 1997-07-03 | Zweckform Etikettiertechnik | Transferetikett |
EP0899130A2 (de) * | 1997-08-28 | 1999-03-03 | Trip Industries Holding B.V. | Abziehbilder enthaltend Klebeschichten, die durch Lösungsmittel aktivierbar sind |
US6322876B1 (en) * | 1997-08-28 | 2001-11-27 | Trip Industries Holding B.V. | Transfer having solvent-activated adhesive layers |
EP0899130A3 (de) * | 1997-08-28 | 2002-09-18 | Trip Industries Holding B.V. | Abziehbilder enthaltend Klebeschichten, die durch Lösungsmittel aktivierbar sind |
US6344260B1 (en) * | 1997-10-16 | 2002-02-05 | Trip Industries Holding B.V. | Pattern printing of adhesives |
EP0909662A3 (de) * | 1997-10-16 | 2002-09-18 | Trip Industries Holding B.V. | Drucken eines Klebstoffmusters |
EP0909662A2 (de) * | 1997-10-16 | 1999-04-21 | Trip Industries Holding B.V. | Drucken eines Klebstoffmusters |
US6235364B1 (en) | 1997-11-13 | 2001-05-22 | Fujicopian Co., Ltd. | Pressure-sensitive correction tape |
US6500509B1 (en) | 1998-11-19 | 2002-12-31 | Fujicopian Co., Ltd. | Pressure sensitive transfer tape |
US20090261572A1 (en) * | 2003-11-07 | 2009-10-22 | Sicpa Holding S.A. | Security Document and Method of Making Same |
US20200126692A1 (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2020-04-23 | Sterlite Technologies Limited | I-shaped filler |
US10950368B2 (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2021-03-16 | Sterlite Technologies Limited | I-shaped filler |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2057859C2 (de) | 1983-01-27 |
GB1325747A (en) | 1973-08-08 |
BE759486A (fr) | 1971-04-30 |
DE2057859A1 (de) | 1971-06-16 |
JPS499043B1 (de) | 1974-03-01 |
NL7017414A (de) | 1971-06-02 |
FR2069684A5 (de) | 1971-09-03 |
CA934614A (en) | 1973-10-02 |
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