US3844939A - Flotation separation of feldspar - Google Patents
Flotation separation of feldspar Download PDFInfo
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- US3844939A US3844939A US00232280A US23228072A US3844939A US 3844939 A US3844939 A US 3844939A US 00232280 A US00232280 A US 00232280A US 23228072 A US23228072 A US 23228072A US 3844939 A US3844939 A US 3844939A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- flotation
- feldspar
- carbon atoms
- sulfonate
- froth
- Prior art date
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- Expired - Lifetime
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- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title description 5
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009291 froth flotation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 amine salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- CREXVNNSNOKDHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N azaniumylideneazanide Chemical group N[N] CREXVNNSNOKDHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 11
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical class OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010665 pine oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JPZYXGPCHFZBHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminopentadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN JPZYXGPCHFZBHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBBZOURVEFUJEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n-dodecylpropane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCNCC(C)N DBBZOURVEFUJEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000183024 Populus tremula Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- UEZVULAEPFAMSG-YPKPFQOOSA-N n',n'-diethyl-n-[(z)-octadec-9-enyl]ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCNCCN(CC)CC UEZVULAEPFAMSG-YPKPFQOOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AKKZRDMUDIEFFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-pentadecylethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNCCN AKKZRDMUDIEFFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylenediamine Chemical compound CC(N)CN AOHJOMMDDJHIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/012—Organic compounds containing sulfur
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/01—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/02—Collectors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; Specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
- B03D2203/04—Non-sulfide ores
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for the flotation of feldspars contained in feldspathic ores by ric acid for hydrofluoric acid as the activating agent and effecting the flotation using a combination of a higher aliphatic amine and a higher aliphatic or arousing a combination of a higher aliphatic amine salt and Y a higher aliphatic or aromatic sulfonate as the flotation reagents so that activation with hydrofluoric acid is unnecessary.
- feldspars In conventional froth flotation, feldspars have been separated from the feldspathic ores in-which they occur generally by pulverizing an me into a proper particle range, classifying the particles according to size, subjecting them to an activation treatment with hydrofluoric acid, admixing them in water together with a collector (for example, an aliphatic amine) and a foaming agent (for example, pine oil), introducing air therein to cause bubbling, and recovering the feldspars in the froth or foam thus generated, leaving other constituents, such as quartz, as tailings.
- a collector for example, an aliphatic amine
- a foaming agent for example, pine oil
- hydrofluoric acid is a highly poisonous reagent and, therefore, must be handled with the greatest possible care.
- hydrofluoric acid has the disadvantage of attacking and dissolving the surface of the quartz with a reduction in the yield of the product. Complications are therefore presented in carrying out this process on a commercial scale.
- an object of the present invention is to provide an improved process for the flotation, espe cially froth flotation, of feldspars from feldspathic ores.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a process for the flotation of feldspar which does not require activation with hydrofluoric acid.
- Still another object of the invention is to provide a novel flotation process for separating feldspars from feldspathic ores wherein a combination of a higher aliphatic amine salt and a higher aliphatic or aromatic sulfonate is used as the flotation reagent under an acidic condition provided by sulfuric acid.
- the higher aliphatic amine salt used as one component of the flotation reagent in the present invention may be any higheraliphatic amine salt known to have utility as the so-called collector in conventional flotation processes.
- These salts are cationic surfactants containing at least one amino group and having attached to the nitrogen atomsof one amino group thereof a long chain hydrocarbon group, saturated, unsaturated and mixtures thereof, containing at least about eight carbon atoms and preferably at least about l2 carbons.
- the maximum number of carbon atoms in this chain is not particularly critical and may be selected in accordance with the usual practical limits in the art, say up to about 22-24 carbon atoms, for most purposes.
- the other substituents onthis nitrogen atom may be hydrogen atoms or short chain hydrocarbon groups with up tozabout five carbon atoms and preferably one or two carbon atoms. Quaternary ammonium derivatives of such'salts may also be useful.
- Suitable amine salts include salts of amines, for example, higher alkylamines such as primary amines such as mixed amines, for example, coconut oil amines, beef tallow amines and soybean oil amines; secondary amines such as N- dodecylpropylenediamine, N- pentadecylethylenediamine, N-decylhexamethylenediamineand beef tallow propylenediamine; and tertiary amines such as condensate of stearic acid with N-oleyl-N', N'-diethylethylenediamine or triethanolamine and N-acylates of alkylenetriamines, with inorganic acids suchas hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid or with organic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, tertaric acid and succinic acid.
- higher alkylamines such as primary amines such as mixed amines, for example, coconut oil amines, beef
- a higher aliphatic or aromatic sulfonate serves as the I other constituent of the flotation reagent in the present invention.
- These surfactants often referred to as the alkane sulfonates, have a long chain hydrocarbon group, either saturated, unsaturated or mixtures thereof, connected to a sulfonate radical.
- the hydrocarbon group should contain at least about eight carbon atoms, and preferably at least about l2, up to the usual limits of the art, with an average of about 22-24 carbons being the normal upper limit as a practical matter, although longer chain compounds would not be excluded where available.
- Compounds of this type having intermediate linkages, such as ester, amide, or either groups, between the long chain group and the sulfonate radical can also be employed.
- higher aliphatic or aromatic sulfonates or alkane sulfonates are used in the form of their salts of an alkali metal, preferably sodium, but also potassium, lithium and the like.
- Sulfonates obtained by sulfonation of higher aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons such as higher paraffinic and higher olefinic hydrocarbons are preferred, particularly sodium salts of petroleum sulfonic acids obtained by treatment of petroleum with concentrated sulfuric acid.
- the proportion of the higher aliphatic amine'salt to the higher aliphatic or aromatic sulfonate is in'the range of 5:95-60:40 by weight.
- flotation reagents are used in the form of a -50 wt. percent solution in water.
- the flotation reagent resort to hydrofluoric acid as an activating agent is not required.,1t is sufficient to adjust the pH of the flotation medium to the desired acidity according to the practice of the art by means of sulfuric acid.
- the acidity will be usually a pH of, at least, about 4.5 and preferably 3.5-2.
- a raw ore is finely divided and then a fraction having a particle size less than about 1 mm is collected and cent of A1 0, and 0.142 percent of Fe O is divided finely and a fraction of a size below 1 190p. is collected and washed with water.
- 23 parts of l percent aqueous beef tallow amine acetate (Diomin T) so-' lution are mixed with 77 parts of 1 percent aqueous sodium petroleum sulfonate (Aeropromotor No. 825, a
- a flotator is adjusted to pH 2-3.5 with sulfuric acid.
- Pulp concentration is about 20-30 wt. percent.
- An impeller is rotated to effect sufficient foaming and the resulting froth is separated from the tailings.
- feldspar and quartz i.e., siliceous sand, are obtained as froth and tailings, respectively.
- the amount of the flotation reagent should be selected depending upon desired-quality of the recovered feldspar and the separation efficiency.
- the aggregate amount of the flotation reagents used here, on a dry basis, should not exceed about O.l50.2 percent by weight of ore and smaller quantities in the order of 0.05-0.10 may be preferable in accordance with the usual practice of the art regarding weights of foaming agent and collector together.
- a froth flotation process for separating feldspar from quartz-feldspar sands ore consisting essentially of the steps of subdividing said ore to produce at least a fraction having a particle size less than about 1 mm, collecting said fraction and washing the same with water to effect desliming, introducing the washed fraction at a solid concentration of about 20-30 wt percent into an aqueous flotation medium acidified to a pH of about 23.5 with sulfuric acid in the absence of hydrofluoric acid, said flotation medium containing about 0.05-0.2 percent by weight of a froth-flotation reagent consisting essentially of l) a salt with an inorganic or organic acid of an organic mono-, dior triamine having attached an amino nitrogen atom a long chain aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing, at least about eight carbon atoms and (2) a higher aromatic or aliphatic sulfonate of an alkali metal in a proportion in the range of 5:95-60:40 by weight,
- each of said amine salt and said sulfonate include a saturated or unsaturated long chain hydrocarbon radical having at least about eight carbon atoms.
- said flotation reagent is a' mixture of a beef tallow amine acetate and a aromatic sulfonate.
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
An improved process for separating feldspars from feldspathic ores by means of froth flotation wherein a combination of a higher aliphatic amine salt and a higher aliphatic or aromatic sulfonate is used as a flotation reagent, eliminating the necessity for activation with hydrofluoric acid.
Description
United States Patent 1 1 Katayanagi Oct. 29, 1974 [5 FLOTATION SEPARATION OF FELDSPAR 3,214,018 10/1965 ONeal 209/166 [76] Inventor: Akira Katayanagi, No. 11-65, FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 3'chomea Kltakyushua Japan 738,614 7/1943 Germany 209/166 [22] Filed: Mar. 6, 1972 OTHER PUBLICATIONS 1 1 pp 232,280 Chem Abst. 28956g, 69, 1968.
v Chem. Abst, 155441), 64, 1966. [30] Foreign Application Priority Data Mar. 10, 1971 Japan 46-13301 Primary Examiner-Robert Halper Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Wil1iam J Daniel [52] US. Cl. 209/166 [51] h t. Cl B03d 1/02 57 ABSTRACT [58] Field of Search 209/ 166, 167 An improved process for Separating fe'ldspars from 1561 223511121202;zfigazifiz srstzzzfiz zzsz UNITED STATES PATENTS higher aliphatic or aromatic sulfonate is used as a flo- 2,459,967 1/1949 Schilling 209/166 X tation reagent, eliminating the necessity for activation Giescke a hydrofluoric acid 2,578,790 12/1951 Duke 209/166 2,633,241 3/1953 Banks 209/166 4 Claims, N0 Drawings BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION of flotation, especially froth flotation. More particularly, the present invention relates to a process for the flotation of feldspars contained in feldspathic ores by ric acid for hydrofluoric acid as the activating agent and effecting the flotation using a combination of a higher aliphatic amine and a higher aliphatic or arousing a combination of a higher aliphatic amine salt and Y a higher aliphatic or aromatic sulfonate as the flotation reagents so that activation with hydrofluoric acid is unnecessary.
2. Summary of the Prior Art Flotation, especially froth flotation, is well known among the general mineral recovery processes like magnetic separation processes in which useful ore constituents are separated by utilizing a difference in the specific gravities of the ore constituents.
In conventional froth flotation, feldspars have been separated from the feldspathic ores in-which they occur generally by pulverizing an me into a proper particle range, classifying the particles according to size, subjecting them to an activation treatment with hydrofluoric acid, admixing them in water together with a collector (for example, an aliphatic amine) and a foaming agent (for example, pine oil), introducing air therein to cause bubbling, and recovering the feldspars in the froth or foam thus generated, leaving other constituents, such as quartz, as tailings. However, the hydrofluoric acid used as the activator in this process reacts violently with other substances due to'its high reactivity. Further, hydrofluoric acid is a highly poisonous reagent and, therefore, must be handled with the greatest possible care. In addition, hydrofluoric acid has the disadvantage of attacking and dissolving the surface of the quartz with a reduction in the yield of the product. Complications are therefore presented in carrying out this process on a commercial scale.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an improved process for the flotation, espe cially froth flotation, of feldspars from feldspathic ores.
Another object of the invention is to provide a process for the flotation of feldspar which does not require activation with hydrofluoric acid. I
Still another object of the invention is to provide a novel flotation process for separating feldspars from feldspathic ores wherein a combination of a higher aliphatic amine salt and a higher aliphatic or aromatic sulfonate is used as the flotation reagent under an acidic condition provided by sulfuric acid.
Further objects of the invention will be apparent from the following description.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION dodecylamine, pentadecylamine and octadecylamine;
matic sulfonate-as the'flotation reagent in the separation of feldspars from feldspathic minerals and ores.
The higher aliphatic amine salt used as one component of the flotation reagent in the present invention may be any higheraliphatic amine salt known to have utility as the so-called collector in conventional flotation processes. These salts are cationic surfactants containing at least one amino group and having attached to the nitrogen atomsof one amino group thereof a long chain hydrocarbon group, saturated, unsaturated and mixtures thereof, containing at least about eight carbon atoms and preferably at least about l2 carbons. The maximum number of carbon atoms in this chain is not particularly critical and may be selected in accordance with the usual practical limits in the art, say up to about 22-24 carbon atoms, for most purposes. The other substituents onthis nitrogen atom may be hydrogen atoms or short chain hydrocarbon groups with up tozabout five carbon atoms and preferably one or two carbon atoms. Quaternary ammonium derivatives of such'salts may also be useful.
Examples of suitable amine salts include salts of amines, for example, higher alkylamines such as primary amines such as mixed amines, for example, coconut oil amines, beef tallow amines and soybean oil amines; secondary amines such as N- dodecylpropylenediamine, N- pentadecylethylenediamine, N-decylhexamethylenediamineand beef tallow propylenediamine; and tertiary amines such as condensate of stearic acid with N-oleyl-N', N'-diethylethylenediamine or triethanolamine and N-acylates of alkylenetriamines, with inorganic acids suchas hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid or with organic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, tertaric acid and succinic acid.
A higher aliphatic or aromatic sulfonate serves as the I other constituent of the flotation reagent in the present invention. These surfactants, often referred to as the alkane sulfonates, have a long chain hydrocarbon group, either saturated, unsaturated or mixtures thereof, connected to a sulfonate radical. The hydrocarbon group should contain at least about eight carbon atoms, and preferably at least about l2, up to the usual limits of the art, with an average of about 22-24 carbons being the normal upper limit as a practical matter, although longer chain compounds would not be excluded where available. Compounds of this type having intermediate linkages, such as ester, amide, or either groups, between the long chain group and the sulfonate radical can also be employed. These higher aliphatic or aromatic sulfonates or alkane sulfonates are used in the form of their salts of an alkali metal, preferably sodium, but also potassium, lithium and the like. Sulfonates obtained by sulfonation of higher aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons such as higher paraffinic and higher olefinic hydrocarbons are preferred, particularly sodium salts of petroleum sulfonic acids obtained by treatment of petroleum with concentrated sulfuric acid.
In the flotation reagent, the proportion of the higher aliphatic amine'salt to the higher aliphatic or aromatic sulfonate is in'the range of 5:95-60:40 by weight. The
flotation reagents are used in the form of a -50 wt. percent solution in water.
With a combination of the above-described components are the flotation reagent, resort to hydrofluoric acid as an activating agent is not required.,1t is sufficient to adjust the pH of the flotation medium to the desired acidity according to the practice of the art by means of sulfuric acid. The acidity will be usually a pH of, at least, about 4.5 and preferably 3.5-2.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODlMENT A preferred embodiment of the process of the present invention will be illustrated below.
A raw ore is finely divided and then a fraction having a particle size less than about 1 mm is collected and cent of A1 0, and 0.142 percent of Fe O is divided finely and a fraction of a size below 1 190p. is collected and washed with water. Separately, 23 parts of l percent aqueous beef tallow amine acetate (Diomin T) so-' lution are mixed with 77 parts of 1 percent aqueous sodium petroleum sulfonate (Aeropromotor No. 825, a
- product of American Cyanamide Co.) solution to ob- Quantity Separaof re- Composition of Composition of tion agent isolated siisolated rate of (cc/Kg liceous sand feldspar Feldspar ore) A1 0,, Fe,o, SiO, A1 0 F0 0,,
washed thoroughly with water to effect desliming, Thereafter, the water in a flotator is adjusted to pH 2-3.5 with sulfuric acid. Next, there is added a water solution of a mixture of a higher aliphatic amine salt and a higher aliphatic or aromatic sulfonate (5:95-60:40) of a concentration less than percent. Pulp concentration is about 20-30 wt. percent. An impeller is rotated to effect sufficient foaming and the resulting froth is separated from the tailings. Thus, feldspar and quartz, i.e., siliceous sand, are obtained as froth and tailings, respectively. If the amount of the flotation reagent is increased, the resulting feldspar has a reduced content of A1 0 and Fe O although the yield of feldspar itself is increased. Therefore, the amount of the flotation reagent should be selected depending upon desired-quality of the recovered feldspar and the separation efficiency.
in general, the aggregate amount of the flotation reagents used here, on a dry basis, should not exceed about O.l50.2 percent by weight of ore and smaller quantities in the order of 0.05-0.10 may be preferable in accordance with the usual practice of the art regarding weights of foaming agent and collector together.
According to the process of the present invention, safe operation is assured, since hydrofluoric acid is not used and, in addition, an offensive smell peculiar to pine oil is not present since pine oil isnot used as the foaming agent.
The process of the present invention will.be.illustrated by an example which is intended to illustrate but not to limit the scope of the present invention. Unless otherwise stated, all parts and percentages are by weight.
EXAMPLE A raw ore containing 88.71 percent of SiO 9.40 per ii's ipaini'fidni the above Tabld as the quantity of the flotation reagent is increased, the separation rate of the feldspar increases but A1 0 and Fe O content of the separated feldspar froth are reduced.
What is claimed is: t
l. A froth flotation process for separating feldspar from quartz-feldspar sands ore consisting essentially of the steps of subdividing said ore to produce at least a fraction having a particle size less than about 1 mm, collecting said fraction and washing the same with water to effect desliming, introducing the washed fraction at a solid concentration of about 20-30 wt percent into an aqueous flotation medium acidified to a pH of about 23.5 with sulfuric acid in the absence of hydrofluoric acid, said flotation medium containing about 0.05-0.2 percent by weight of a froth-flotation reagent consisting essentially of l) a salt with an inorganic or organic acid of an organic mono-, dior triamine having attached an amino nitrogen atom a long chain aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing, at least about eight carbon atoms and (2) a higher aromatic or aliphatic sulfonate of an alkali metal in a proportion in the range of 5:95-60:40 by weight, agitating said medium to produce a froth containing feldspar, and separating said froth from the medium containing quartz as tailmgs.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein each of said amine salt and said sulfonate include a saturated or unsaturated long chain hydrocarbon radical having at least about eight carbon atoms.
3. The process of claim 2 in which said radical contains at least about 12 carbon atoms.
4. The process of claim 1 wherein said flotation reagent is a' mixture of a beef tallow amine acetate and a aromatic sulfonate.
Claims (4)
1. A FROTH FLOATION PROCESS FOR SPEARATING FELDSPAR FROM QUARTZ-FELDSPAR SANDS ORE CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF THE STEPS OF SUBDIVIDING SAID ORE TO PRODUCE AT LEAST A FRACTION HAVING A PARTICLE SIZE LESS THAN ABOUT 1MM, COLLCTING SAID FRACTION AND WASHING THE SAME WITH WATER TO EFFECT DESLIMING, INTRODUCING THE WASHED FRACTION AT A SOLID CONCENTRATION OF ABOUT 20-30 WT PERCENT INTO AN AQUEOUS FLOTATION MEDIUM ACIDIFIED TO A PH OF ABOUT 1-3.5 WITH SULFURIC ACID IN THE ABSENCE OF HYDROFLUORIC ACID, SAID FLOTATION MEDIUM CONTAINING ABOUT 0.05-0.2 PERCENT BY EIGHT OF A FROTH-FLOTATION REAGENT CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY OF (1) A SALT WITH AN INORGANIC OR ORGANIC ACID OF AN ORGANIC MONO, DI- OR TRIAMINE HAVING ATTACHED AN AMINO NITROGEN ATOM A LONG CHAIN ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON GROUP CONTAINING, AT LEAST ABOUT EIGHT CARBON ATOMS AND (2) A HIGHER AROMATIC OR ALIPHATIC SULFONATE OF AN ALKALI METAL IN A PROPORTION IN THE RANGE OF 5:95-60-40 BY WEIGHT, AGITATING SAID MEDIUM TO PRODUCE A FORTH CONTAINING FELDSPAR, AND SEPARATING SAID FORTH FROM THE MEDIUM CONTAINING QUARTZ AS TAILINGS.
2. The process of claim 1 wherein each of said amine salt and said sulfonate include a saturated or unsaturated long chain hydrocarbon radical having at least about eight carbon atoms.
3. The process of claim 2 in which said radical contains at least about 12 carbon atoms.
4. The process of claim 1 wherein said flotation reagent is a mixture of a beef tallow amine acetate and a aromatic sulfonate.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP46013301A JPS5220923B1 (en) | 1971-03-10 | 1971-03-10 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3844939A true US3844939A (en) | 1974-10-29 |
Family
ID=11829348
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00232280A Expired - Lifetime US3844939A (en) | 1971-03-10 | 1972-03-06 | Flotation separation of feldspar |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3844939A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5220923B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU467898B2 (en) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4038179A (en) * | 1975-06-02 | 1977-07-26 | Akira Katayanagi | Hydrochloric acid flotation process for separating feldspar from siliceous sand |
US4725351A (en) * | 1986-09-29 | 1988-02-16 | International Minerals & Chemical Corp. | Collecting agents for use in the froth flotation of silica-containing ores |
US4744892A (en) * | 1985-02-27 | 1988-05-17 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Process for dressing kaolinite by flotation |
US5507394A (en) * | 1994-05-26 | 1996-04-16 | The University Of British Columbia | Aqueous composition useful in ore floatation containing aliphatic amine, extender oil, and emulsifier |
US6098810A (en) * | 1998-06-26 | 2000-08-08 | Pueblo Process, Llc | Flotation process for separating silica from feldspar to form a feed material for making glass |
EP2343131A1 (en) | 2010-01-08 | 2011-07-13 | Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine (INPL) | Flotation process for recovering feldspar from a feldspar ore |
CN105057113A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-11-18 | 山东华晟投资有限公司 | Method for recycling feldspar from gold flotation tailings through fluoride-free alkali process |
CN106378264A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-02-08 | 广西大学 | Preparation method of potassium feldspar collecting agent |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE738614C (en) * | 1942-01-03 | 1943-08-23 | Krupp Fried Grusonwerk Ag | Process for separating mica and mica-like substances from quartz and other gangue rock by flotation |
US2459967A (en) * | 1946-02-07 | 1949-01-25 | Minerals Separation North Us | Concentration of nonsulfide ores |
US2483192A (en) * | 1945-11-24 | 1949-09-27 | American Cyanamid Co | Froth flotation of iron impurities from feldspar |
US2578790A (en) * | 1951-05-07 | 1951-12-18 | Minerals Separation North Us | Froth flotation of ferruginous impurities from finely divided granite rock |
US2633241A (en) * | 1951-02-01 | 1953-03-31 | Tennessee Valley Authority | Froth flotation of iron-bearing minerals from feldspathic ores |
US3214018A (en) * | 1962-10-08 | 1965-10-26 | Feldspar Corp | Froth flotation of micaceous minerals |
-
1971
- 1971-03-10 JP JP46013301A patent/JPS5220923B1/ja active Pending
-
1972
- 1972-03-06 US US00232280A patent/US3844939A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1972-03-06 AU AU39668/72A patent/AU467898B2/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE738614C (en) * | 1942-01-03 | 1943-08-23 | Krupp Fried Grusonwerk Ag | Process for separating mica and mica-like substances from quartz and other gangue rock by flotation |
US2483192A (en) * | 1945-11-24 | 1949-09-27 | American Cyanamid Co | Froth flotation of iron impurities from feldspar |
US2459967A (en) * | 1946-02-07 | 1949-01-25 | Minerals Separation North Us | Concentration of nonsulfide ores |
US2633241A (en) * | 1951-02-01 | 1953-03-31 | Tennessee Valley Authority | Froth flotation of iron-bearing minerals from feldspathic ores |
US2578790A (en) * | 1951-05-07 | 1951-12-18 | Minerals Separation North Us | Froth flotation of ferruginous impurities from finely divided granite rock |
US3214018A (en) * | 1962-10-08 | 1965-10-26 | Feldspar Corp | Froth flotation of micaceous minerals |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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Chem Abst. 28956g, 69, 1968. * |
Chem. Abst, 15544b, 64, 1966. * |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4038179A (en) * | 1975-06-02 | 1977-07-26 | Akira Katayanagi | Hydrochloric acid flotation process for separating feldspar from siliceous sand |
US4744892A (en) * | 1985-02-27 | 1988-05-17 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Process for dressing kaolinite by flotation |
US4725351A (en) * | 1986-09-29 | 1988-02-16 | International Minerals & Chemical Corp. | Collecting agents for use in the froth flotation of silica-containing ores |
US5507394A (en) * | 1994-05-26 | 1996-04-16 | The University Of British Columbia | Aqueous composition useful in ore floatation containing aliphatic amine, extender oil, and emulsifier |
US6098810A (en) * | 1998-06-26 | 2000-08-08 | Pueblo Process, Llc | Flotation process for separating silica from feldspar to form a feed material for making glass |
EP2343131A1 (en) | 2010-01-08 | 2011-07-13 | Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine (INPL) | Flotation process for recovering feldspar from a feldspar ore |
WO2011083136A1 (en) | 2010-01-08 | 2011-07-14 | Institut National Polytechnique De Lorraine (Inpl) | Flotation process for recovering feldspar from a feldspar ore |
US9675980B2 (en) | 2010-01-08 | 2017-06-13 | Imerys Ceramics France | Flotation process for recovering feldspar from a feldspar ore |
CN105057113A (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2015-11-18 | 山东华晟投资有限公司 | Method for recycling feldspar from gold flotation tailings through fluoride-free alkali process |
CN106378264A (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2017-02-08 | 广西大学 | Preparation method of potassium feldspar collecting agent |
CN106378264B (en) * | 2016-12-07 | 2018-11-27 | 广西大学 | A kind of preparation method of potassium feldspar collecting agent |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU3966872A (en) | 1973-09-13 |
AU467898B2 (en) | 1973-09-13 |
JPS5220923B1 (en) | 1977-06-07 |
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