US3843309A - Liquid fuel grid burner for vitiated air using auxiliary combustion air - Google Patents
Liquid fuel grid burner for vitiated air using auxiliary combustion air Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3843309A US3843309A US00338993A US33899373A US3843309A US 3843309 A US3843309 A US 3843309A US 00338993 A US00338993 A US 00338993A US 33899373 A US33899373 A US 33899373A US 3843309 A US3843309 A US 3843309A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- air
- auxiliary
- fuel
- vitiated
- pipe
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLYDPWNOCPZGEV-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzyl-dimethyl-[2-[2-[2-methyl-4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenoxy]ethoxy]ethyl]azanium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Cl-].CC1=CC(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OCCOCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 VLYDPWNOCPZGEV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B5/00—Combustion apparatus with arrangements for burning uncombusted material from primary combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B2700/00—Combustion apparatus for solid fuel
- F23B2700/022—Combustion apparatus for solid fuel with various types of fume afterburners
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2700/00—Special arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluent fuel
- F23C2700/02—Combustion apparatus using liquid fuel
- F23C2700/023—Combustion apparatus using liquid fuel without pre-vaporising means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
- F23D2900/21—Burners specially adapted for a particular use
- F23D2900/21003—Burners specially adapted for a particular use for heating or re-burning air or gas in a duct
Definitions
- ABSTRACT A grid burner suitable for combustion of liquid fuel in vitiated air with auxiliary combustion air. Rows of auxiliary combustion air supply pipes support spaced fuel nozzles supplied by inner fuel pipes. Burner wings supported by the auxiliary air pipes include openings vto direct vitiated air and auxiliary air into the combustion zone to provide the proper combustion and cooling patterns.
- This invention relates generally to a grid burner suitable for burning liquid fuel to raise the temperature of vitiated air. More particularly, the invention relates to an improved design of a liquid fuel burner employing auxiliary combustion air.
- a grid burner employs a grid of fuel nozzles disposed transversely across a duct in order to raise the temperature of vitiated air or waste heat gases'passing through the duct.
- a common use of a grid burner is to raise the temperature of gas turbine exhaust gases in order to generate steam in a heat recovery steam generator.
- the gas turbine exhaust contains sufficient oxygen-to support combustion, but improved burning will result from proper introduction of v auxiliary combustionsupporting air.
- the design should be such as to provide a low velocity sheltered region within the wings of the burner which is supplied with recirculating gases having enough residence time to ignite all of the liquid droplets and fragments injected from the nozzle.
- Fuel pressure and geometry at the injection point should be such that, at the recirculating regions, the injected fuel can ignite, partially combust, and interact with the recirculating gases replenishing their thermal capacity. Also portions of the fuel penetrate into the unsheltered gas stream to complete its combustion in as uniform a manner as possible. For this reason, the arrangement of ports for admission of air to the sheltered region within the wings is extremely critical.
- one object of the present invention is to provide a grid burner with an improved arrangement for admitting vitiated and auxiliary combustion air to provide uniform combustion.
- Another object of the invention is to providean improved liquid fuel nozzle assembly fora grid burner which can be easily removed for servicing.
- Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved wing support and hole geometry for a liquid fuel grid burner.
- FIG. 4 is a cross section through the burner element taken along lines IVIV of FIG. 3.
- the invention is practiced by providing a number of auxiliary air pipes extending across a duct, wing members supported on and spaced from the auxiliary air pipes, a number of liquid fuel nozzles spaced on a liquid fuel supply pipe supported within the air pipe and removable therefrom, a plurality of fuel injection openings through the wing and air pipe, and a plurality of vitiated air and auxiliary air admission openings through the wing members.
- the grid burner comprises a rectangular open frame 1 having spaced cross members 2. Individual burner elements 3 are spaced across the short dimension of frame 1. Each burner element 3 includes gutter-type flame holder wings 4 with fuel injection openings 5 arranged in a grid of suitable spacing over the entire duct. Liquid fuel supply pipes 6 and auxiliary combustion air pipes 7 are connected to each burner element. 3 on one side of the duct. A pilot ignition tube 8 extends lengthwise along the duct. The entire base of frame 1 is covered by grid of stainless steel wire mesh 9 to distribute the flow.
- frame 1 is interposed in a duct carrying combustionsupporting exhaust gas from a gas turbine and is used to heat the gas in a process known as supplementary firing as the gas travels toward aheat recovery steam generator.
- each burner element 3 is supported in both side walls of frame 1 indicated at 10 and 10a.
- auxiliary air pipe 13 rests and is free to slide there on a cantilevered support Ila rigidly attached to wall 10a.
- each burner element 3 is supported at 10 within a cantilevered support chamber 11 extending through wall 10.
- a first removable plate 12 is connected to an auxiliary air combustion pipe 13 for removal of the entire burner element 3.
- a second flanged connection at 14 permits removal of the liquid fuel supply pipe 6 and fuel nozzle assemblies.
- the wing members 4 are supported on spacer elements 15 welded to the top of auxiliary air pipe 13. Wings 4 are in sections, one end of each being welded to a spacer member 15 and the other being free to slide thereon for thermal expansion and contraction.
- auxiliary air pipe 13 Positioned'within auxiliary air pipe 13 is an assembly of short pipe segments 6a connected between fuel manifold support blocks 16.
- Each support block 16 carries afuel nozzle 17 and a pair of locater pins 18.
- Each fuel nozzle 17 is positioned below an admission port 19 in the wing, thus forming a fuel injection point 5.
- the tops of fuel nozzles 17 are short enough so that the entire fuel supply assembly of manifolds l6, connecting segments 6a can be withdrawin longitudinally from the auxiliary air pipe 13, by breaking the flanged connection 14.
- each wing member 4 is roughly W- shaped, except that the central portion 20 of the W rests on spacer member and spaced above the auxiliary air pipe 13.
- the cross section of the wing member shows that the flat central portion bends down toward the pipe 13 to form ashort inner leg portion 21, and then reverse curvature to form diverging outer leg portions 22. The latter form an included angle on the order of 90 degrees, although this will vary somewhat with the design.
- Inner legs 21, together with the sides of pipe 13, form an elongated air supply passage 23 collecting vitiated air' on either side of the pipe.
- Vitiated air is admitted to a recirculating zone 24 between outer legs 22 through a number of different types of passages.
- a first group of elongated slots 25 are arranged along the inner leg portions 21 of the wings.
- a second group of spaced ports 26 are disposed approximately midway along the outer leg portions 22.
- a third group of passages 27 are spaced alongthe central portion 20 between the fuel injection points.
- each fuel nozzle 17, and aligned with openings 19 in the auxiliary air pipe are provided with enlarged openings 28. Openings 28 are of a greater diameter than openings 19, and are proportioned with respect thereto so that a generally conical spaced is left surrounding the spray conical angle 17a of fuel from the nozzle to admit both vitiated air and auxiliary combustion air.
- the type of nozzle 17 is not material to the present invention, suitable results have been obtained using a Delavan simplex spray nozzle providing a solid conical spray with an included angle on the order of 90. Primarycombustion takes place in a zone29 within the fuel spray angle.
- the fuel manifold blocks 16 are beveled along their lower edges at 30. By this means, together with locating pins 18, the fuel manifold is properly positioned inside the pipe so that nozzle 17 is at the correct position and so that the fuel assembly can he slid out for servicing. If desired, a small leaf spring may be attached to the underside of each manifold to maintain correct location and to permit easy withdrawal of the assembly.
- auxiliary air supplied at a slight pressure, on the order of 5 psi for example, above the vitiated air pressure in the duct.
- This auxiliary air flows in annular sheaths through holes 19 surrounding the fuel spray conical angle 17A as indicated by arrow 31, commencing penetration into the fuel envelope with oxygen-rich air.
- This air flow is supplemented by annular sheaths of vitiated air flowing from passages 23 around the fuel spray cone, as indicated by flow arrow 32. This comprises the air supply-at each of the fuel injection points 5 in the grid.
- vitiated air is supplied alongthe wings to provide cooling and a recirculating air flow.
- vitiated air from entry passages 23 enters through the elongated slots 25 and sweeps along the outer legs 22. Air also enters from ports 26 in the outer legs and creates a recirculation of vitiated air and burning fuel in zone 24.
- Zone 24 it is understood, extends longitudinally along the burner, whereas'zones 29 are discrete or spaced along the burner above the fuel injection points.
- the improved W-shape of the burner wing serves to provide a very useful and simple means of providing the vitiated air supply passages 23. This enables the introduction of vitiated air through the space between the wing and the auxiliary combustion air pipe 13. At the fuel injection points, the arrangement provides for an inner sheath of auxiliary combustion air surrounding and penetrating the fuel spray cone and an outer sheath of vitiated air at a greater distance from the nozzle.
- the fuel nozzle assembly Since the fuel nozzle assembly is completely disposed within the auxiliary pipe, it can be removed in the event that nozzles 17 become plugged or require routine cleaning without thenecessity of removing the entire burner assembly. This can be done while the remaining burners in the grid are in operation.
- a fuel supply and nozzle assembly adapted to be withdrawn from said auxiliary air pipe and comprising a plurality of spaced fuelnozzles interconnected by fuel supply pipe sections, the fuel nozzles disposed entirely within the auxiliary air pipe,
- wing member supported by and spaced from said auxiliary air pipe, said wing member being formed with inner leg portions to provide elongated vitiated airsupply passages on either side adjacent said auxiliary pipe and also having outwardly diverging outer leg portions providing a shielded circulation zone,
- said pipe and said wing member each having openings concentric with and downstream from each of said fuel nozzles to admit annular sheaths of auxiliary and vitiated air-respectively around the fuel from said nozzle.
- said wing member is substantially W-shaped and wherein the inner legs of said W are provided with a first group of longitudinally spaced vitiated air admission openings, whereby vitiated air can flow from said elongated viatiated air supply passages through said first openings along the outer legs of the wing member.
- wing members include a second group of vitiated air admission .openings spaced substantially midway along the outer legs of said wing member.
- said fuel nozzle assembly includes a plurality of fuel manifolds furnished with locating means to position the manifolds within the auxiliary air pipe, said locating means permitting withdrawal of the assembly longitudinally through said pipe.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
- Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US00338993A US3843309A (en) | 1973-03-07 | 1973-03-07 | Liquid fuel grid burner for vitiated air using auxiliary combustion air |
GB841774A GB1458123A (en) | 1973-03-07 | 1974-02-25 | Liquid fuel grid burner |
DE2410356A DE2410356C2 (de) | 1973-03-07 | 1974-03-05 | Gitterbrenner |
NLAANVRAGE7402966,A NL177938C (nl) | 1973-03-07 | 1974-03-05 | Roosterbrander voor het verhitten van verontreinigde lucht. |
JP49024844A JPS5244650B2 (th) | 1973-03-07 | 1974-03-05 | |
FR7407847A FR2220750B3 (th) | 1973-03-07 | 1974-03-07 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US00338993A US3843309A (en) | 1973-03-07 | 1973-03-07 | Liquid fuel grid burner for vitiated air using auxiliary combustion air |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3843309A true US3843309A (en) | 1974-10-22 |
Family
ID=23326999
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00338993A Expired - Lifetime US3843309A (en) | 1973-03-07 | 1973-03-07 | Liquid fuel grid burner for vitiated air using auxiliary combustion air |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3843309A (th) |
JP (1) | JPS5244650B2 (th) |
DE (1) | DE2410356C2 (th) |
FR (1) | FR2220750B3 (th) |
GB (1) | GB1458123A (th) |
NL (1) | NL177938C (th) |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3934553A (en) * | 1975-01-06 | 1976-01-27 | General Electric Company | Combined wall burner and flameholder for HRSG |
US3942945A (en) * | 1973-10-11 | 1976-03-09 | Stein Industrie | Burner for the direct heating up of a fluid by action of the combustion |
US4134719A (en) * | 1976-09-27 | 1979-01-16 | Velie Wallace W | Multi-flame fuel burner for liquid and gaseous fuels |
US4573907A (en) * | 1984-11-07 | 1986-03-04 | Maxon Corporation | Low oxygen and low pressure drop burner |
US4652236A (en) * | 1985-03-16 | 1987-03-24 | Hans Viessmann | Atmospheric gas burner assembly |
US4737100A (en) * | 1986-04-30 | 1988-04-12 | John Zink Company | Duct burner apparatus |
US4895514A (en) * | 1987-10-23 | 1990-01-23 | Mecanique Generale Foyers-Turbine | Gas burner for heating of an air or other combustion supporting gas stream |
US6409502B2 (en) * | 2000-02-04 | 2002-06-25 | Entreprise Generale De Chauffage Industriel Pillard | Gas burners for heating a gas flowing in a duct |
EP1267121A1 (en) * | 2001-06-12 | 2002-12-18 | Forney Corporation | Duct burner diffuser |
EP3130850A1 (de) * | 2015-08-10 | 2017-02-15 | Saacke GmbH | Gas-flächenbrenner |
US20180216814A1 (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2018-08-02 | John Zink Company, Llc | Swirl stabilized high capacity duct burner |
US20190257523A1 (en) * | 2018-02-21 | 2019-08-22 | Paul Dusky | Modular Linear Fireplace Gas Burner System |
US10808923B2 (en) | 2014-06-16 | 2020-10-20 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Multi-stage duct fired heat recovery steam generator and methods of use |
US10907825B2 (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2021-02-02 | Agrofrost, Naamloze Vennootschap | Gas burner for strong air flow |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS54135034U (th) * | 1978-03-10 | 1979-09-19 | ||
GB2128877B (en) * | 1982-08-07 | 1985-12-24 | William Edmund Cooke | Lightweight gas food broiler |
JPS6361614U (th) * | 1986-10-01 | 1988-04-23 | ||
JPS6380415U (th) * | 1986-11-17 | 1988-05-27 | ||
DE29921929U1 (de) * | 1999-12-14 | 2001-04-26 | Engelhardt Wolfgang | Flächenbrenner |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3632286A (en) * | 1970-09-18 | 1972-01-04 | Gen Electric | Dual fuel grid burner |
-
1973
- 1973-03-07 US US00338993A patent/US3843309A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1974
- 1974-02-25 GB GB841774A patent/GB1458123A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-03-05 NL NLAANVRAGE7402966,A patent/NL177938C/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-03-05 JP JP49024844A patent/JPS5244650B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1974-03-05 DE DE2410356A patent/DE2410356C2/de not_active Expired
- 1974-03-07 FR FR7407847A patent/FR2220750B3/fr not_active Expired
Cited By (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3942945A (en) * | 1973-10-11 | 1976-03-09 | Stein Industrie | Burner for the direct heating up of a fluid by action of the combustion |
US3934553A (en) * | 1975-01-06 | 1976-01-27 | General Electric Company | Combined wall burner and flameholder for HRSG |
US4134719A (en) * | 1976-09-27 | 1979-01-16 | Velie Wallace W | Multi-flame fuel burner for liquid and gaseous fuels |
US4573907A (en) * | 1984-11-07 | 1986-03-04 | Maxon Corporation | Low oxygen and low pressure drop burner |
US4652236A (en) * | 1985-03-16 | 1987-03-24 | Hans Viessmann | Atmospheric gas burner assembly |
US4737100A (en) * | 1986-04-30 | 1988-04-12 | John Zink Company | Duct burner apparatus |
US4895514A (en) * | 1987-10-23 | 1990-01-23 | Mecanique Generale Foyers-Turbine | Gas burner for heating of an air or other combustion supporting gas stream |
US6409502B2 (en) * | 2000-02-04 | 2002-06-25 | Entreprise Generale De Chauffage Industriel Pillard | Gas burners for heating a gas flowing in a duct |
EP1267121A1 (en) * | 2001-06-12 | 2002-12-18 | Forney Corporation | Duct burner diffuser |
US10808923B2 (en) | 2014-06-16 | 2020-10-20 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Multi-stage duct fired heat recovery steam generator and methods of use |
US20180216814A1 (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2018-08-02 | John Zink Company, Llc | Swirl stabilized high capacity duct burner |
US10935233B2 (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2021-03-02 | John Zink Company, Llc | Swirl stabilized high capacity duct burner |
US11852335B2 (en) | 2014-08-26 | 2023-12-26 | John Zink Company, Llc | Swirl stabilized high capacity duct burner |
EP3130850A1 (de) * | 2015-08-10 | 2017-02-15 | Saacke GmbH | Gas-flächenbrenner |
US10907825B2 (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2021-02-02 | Agrofrost, Naamloze Vennootschap | Gas burner for strong air flow |
US20190257523A1 (en) * | 2018-02-21 | 2019-08-22 | Paul Dusky | Modular Linear Fireplace Gas Burner System |
US10712014B2 (en) * | 2018-02-21 | 2020-07-14 | Earthcore Industries, Llc | Modular linear fireplace gas burner system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2220750B3 (th) | 1977-12-02 |
JPS5024826A (th) | 1975-03-17 |
NL7402966A (th) | 1974-09-10 |
DE2410356C2 (de) | 1982-07-29 |
FR2220750A1 (th) | 1974-10-04 |
GB1458123A (en) | 1976-12-08 |
DE2410356A1 (de) | 1974-09-12 |
JPS5244650B2 (th) | 1977-11-09 |
NL177938B (nl) | 1985-07-16 |
NL177938C (nl) | 1985-12-16 |
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