US3841384A - Method and apparatus for melting and casing metal - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for melting and casing metal Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3841384A US3841384A US00334264A US33426473A US3841384A US 3841384 A US3841384 A US 3841384A US 00334264 A US00334264 A US 00334264A US 33426473 A US33426473 A US 33426473A US 3841384 A US3841384 A US 3841384A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- mold
- crucible
- metal
- furnace
- melting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
- B22D27/045—Directionally solidified castings
Definitions
- ABSTRACT A system for producing metal castings wherein molten metal is introducedinto a preheated mold and then directionally solidified by withdrawing heat from the bottom of the mold.
- the system involves the location of a crucible containing solid metal on top of a mold and positioning the arrangement in a furnace. The heating mechanisms of the furnace are utilized for melting the metal and also for preheating the mold.
- the molten metal is maintained in the crucible until such time as casting is desired at which time the crucible is either tilted or lifted to permit the metal to flow through an opening in the bottom of the crucible and into the mold passages communicating with the top surface of the mold.
- METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MELTING AND CASING METAL This invention relates to improvements in metal casting techniques. in particular, the invention is directed to a method and apparatus for accomplishing melting and casting of metal with the metal being directionally solidifed to produce castings having desired directional properties.
- directionally solidified castings are well-known. Thus, many techniques have been developed for controlling the grain structure and orientation of cast metal whereby the properties of a casting can be maintained at the most desirable levels in a direction which will undergo the greatest stress during use.
- directionally solidified casting techniques are employed in the production of jet engine blades and vanes from high temperature alloys.
- Directionally solidified or so-called columnar structures have been found to be superior for high temperature operation, particularly with respect to fracture resistance and ductility under creep loading conditions.
- High temperature nickel base and cobalt base alloys are typically cast in this manner in the production of jet engine blades and vanes.
- directionally solidified castings generally involves the pouring of molten metal into a mold which is supported on a chill plate or other heat conductive means. Heat is extracted unidirectionally from the mold whereby the crystal structure of the casting will be perpendicular to the mold support.
- the molds may be preheated in a susceptor heating chamber. After pouring, the unidirectional withdrawal of heat is often controlled by controlling the application of heat to the mold in the heating chamber. For example, the mold may be gradually withdrawn from the heating chamber thereby gradually eliminating application of heat to the mold walls.
- Vacuum or inert atmosphere casting equipment is usually employed, and to improve the efficiency of the operation, the melting of the metal is conducted in the same furnace.
- a relatively large furnace In order to provide space for melting, pouring and casting, a relatively large furnace, and accordingly, a relatively great investment is involved.
- the need for two power supplies for melting and casting is one item which leads to the high cost.
- lt is a more specific object of this invention to provide an improved process for the melting of metals such as nickel and cobalt base alloys designed for high temperature applications, the process also including the casting of the metals to achieve directional solidification thereof.
- FlG. l is a schematic illustration in vertical section of a furnace construction adapted for the practice of this invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical sectional view illustrating a mold and crucible arrangement associated with a furnace construction in accordance with the concepts of this invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic vertical sectional view illustrat ing a mold and crucible construction in the pouring stage of an arrangement incorporating features of the invention.
- the system of the invention generally relates to a method and apparatus designed for the melting of metal and the casting of the metal in a mold.
- the invention is particularly concerned with the melting and casting of alloys such as high temperature nickel and cobalt base alloys which are advantageously cast by means of directional solidification techniques.
- the apparatus of the invention involves means for supporting a mold, the supporting means preferably comprising a chill plate or the like for achieving the withdrawal of heat from the bottom of the mold.
- the mold defines an upper surface, and a passage leading to a mold cavity communicates with this upper surface whereby molten metal can be poured onto the upper surface and then passed into the mold cavity.
- the procedure of the invention involves the location of a melting crucible directly on the top surface of the mold.
- This crucible defines a bottom wall which has at least one opening for communication with the interior of the crucible.
- a spherical or conical shaped insert or projection in the mold could also be utilized to stopper the metal until casting is desired.
- Other methods of stoppering the metal for bottom pour could also be incorporated as part of the invention.
- the invention involves locating the mold and crucible combination in a furnace whereby metal contained in the crucible can be heated above its melting point. Once the metal is in a molten state, the sealing or stoppering engagement referred to may be broken by tilting the crucible. This allows the metal to flow out of the crucible onto the mold surface and then into the mold cavity.
- the mold is preheated, and heat is withdrawn from the metal, at least in the initial stages of metal solidification, only from the bottom of the mold.
- the furnace heating means or other structure may be utilized for insuring the desired directional solidification. Discharge of the molten metal could also be accomplished by raising the crucible or withdrawing the mold away from the crucible.
- FIG. 1 illustrates a housing arrangement including an upper housing 10 and a lower housing 12.
- the alloys which are most advantageously employed in the practice of the invention are melted and cast in a vacuum or in an inert atmosphere, and
- conduits 14 are provided for achieving these conditions.
- the upper housing encloses an induction furnace 16 including induction coil 18.
- the coil is located in surrounding relationship with refractory wall 20, and a radiation liner 22 is provided.
- the furnace construction is thus of the susceptor type with the coil 18 generating heat in the liner 22, this heat in turn being radiated inwardly.
- a furnace cover 24 defines a hole 26 which permits visual access to the furnace interior through the viewing window 28 formed in the top wall of the upper housing 10. This arrangement may be utilized, for example, for taking temperature readings with an optical pyrometer. It will be appreciated that a resistance heated-furnace or other means for generating heat may also be utilized.
- a chill plate 30 is provided for supporting a mold 32 relative to the furnace. This chill plate is provided with water cooling coils 34 to enhance the withdrawal of heat during operation of the system. A shield 36 surrounded by water cooling coils 38 is adapted to be positioned around the mold 32 upon lowering of the mold again to provide a means for controlling the direction of heat withdrawal from the mold.
- the chill plate is supported on rod 40 which is received within cylinder 42, and this rod is thereby reciprocally driven for gradually raising and lowering the chill plate and associated mold.
- a flapper valve 44 is provided to permit isolation of the melt chamber from the loading chamber to permit a vacuum or inert atmosphere around the furnace while molds are being transferred. This provides for better efficiency of operation by eliminating the necessity of cooling the furnace between cycles.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a mold 32 supported on chill plate 30, this mold comprising a shell mold produced by building up layers of molding material around a disposable pattern. Mold cavities 46 are defined within the mold, ane these cavities communicate with the top of the mold through passages 48. lt will be noted that the cavities 46 extend directly to the upper surface 50 of the chill plate 30 whereby solidification of metal poured into the mold will be initiated at the bottom of the mold. In accordance with standard techniques, the continued withdrawal of heat in this direction will result in the formation of columnar grains in a direction perpendicular to the surface 50.
- the upper portion of the mold 32 defines a flat centrally located surface 52 surrounded by upstanding walls 54.
- This combination comprises a bowl or dishshaped area which is dimensioned to receive a melting crucible 56.
- the crucible 56 defines a flat bottom wall 58 adapted to engage the surface 52 of the mold.
- An outlet opening 60 is defined by the bottom wall of the crucible whereby molten metal is adapted to be poured through the bottom of the crucible.
- the crucible receives a solid charge 62 of metal alloy to be cast whereby parts can be obtained in accordance with the configurations defined by the mold cavities 46.
- the crucible 56 is initially located opposite the lower section of coils 18. With full power applied to the coils, the crucible is brought to a temperature sufficient to melt the metal. The platform 30 is then raised to bring the mold 32 into the heated zone whereby the mold can be brought to temperature. This additional heating period serves to raise or at least maintain the metal temperature while stabilizing the mold temperature in preparation for casting.
- the furnace induction coils l8 are divided into an upper section 64 and a lower section 66.
- full power is applied to the upper section 64 for purposes of melting the metal 62 within the crucible 56.
- power is applied to both sections 64 and 66. This arrangement permits preheating of the mold while maintaining the metal in the molten state.
- the engagement of the respective flat surfaces of the crucible and mold effectively prevents passage of molten metal through the opening 60 whereby the melting and preheating operations can be completed without passage of metal into the mold.
- This provides a simple and efficient technique but, as explained, other stoppering methods are available.
- the tilting construction consists of a pivotally mounted arm 68 which is attached to an operating rod 70, the latter being accessible on the exterior of the upper housing 10. By pulling on the rod 70, the end of the arm 68 will move into engagement with crucible 56 thereby tilting the crucible as illustrated in FIG. 3. When this tilting occurs, the molten metal will flow through the opening 60 and into the mold cavity 46.
- the dish-shaped arrangement provided by the upstanding walls 54 of the mold serves to avoid spilling of molten metal.
- a baffle 72 may be attached to the top of the mold, this baffle serving as a splash plate while also tending to insulate the interior of the furnace relative to the upper housing, particularly with the mold 32 in the lower position shown in F IG. 2.
- the baffle may be of flexible material to facilitate raising and lowering of the mold.
- the structures illustrated are completely suitable for achieving directional solidification in accordance with accepted practice.
- the chill plate 30 provides for withdrawal of heat from the bottom of the mold, and the induction coils serve to maintain the mold in a heated state to inhibit withdrawal of heat laterally. As the initial solidification takes place, the plate 30 may be gradually lowered thereby gradually withdrawing the mold from the influence of the furnace coils. The withdrawal of heat may be further accelerated due to the influence of the water cooled shield 36 which is encountered as the mold is lowered.
- 2-zone 14-inch lD susceptor furnace having a 50 kw power supply was employed. With full power applied to the entire furnace coil, the metal temperature was raised and the mold brought to temperature. Upon tilting of the crucible, the metal entered the mold by passing through a three-fourth inch diameter hole formed in the bottom of the crucible and controlled solidification follows. The total time cycle for these operations is typically about three hours.
- the melting and casting procedures involved in the practice of the invention are advantageous since the static melting results in fewer reaction products while most non-metallics formed have an opportunity of rising to the top of the melt. Since the techniques involve bottom pouring, fewer non-metallics will be carried into the mold cavity. The procedures permit the utilization of a clean crucible with each melt which also mini mizes contamination of the cast parts. The techniques are also quite adaptable to automation in view of the simplicity of the operation, and since the operation lends itself to cycle controls.
- An apparatus in accordance with claim 1 including a furnace for receiving said mold and associated crucible, said furnace including heating means for melting metal in said crucible and for preheating said mold.
- heating means comprise first and second heating means with the first heating means operating to melt said metal and with the second heating means operating to preheat said mold.
- heating means comprise induction coils divided into an upper and lower section, said crucible being located within the confines of the upper coil section and means for operating the upper coil section independently of the lower coil section for melting the metal in said crucible, and means for thereafter operating the lower coil section for preheating the mold while maintaining the metal in said crucible in a molten state.
- An apparatus in accordance with claim 3 including a support for said mold, means for raising and lowering said support, means for positioning said support in a lower position for locating said crucible in said furnace for melting of the metal within the crucible, and means for thereafter operating said support to raise the mold and crucible into the furnace for preheating of the mold while maintaining the metal in a molten state.
- An apparatus in accordance with claim 7 including a housing surrounding said furnace, and a rod extension extending outwardly of the housing for operating said rod.
- An apparatus in accordance with claim 8 including means for creating a vacuum within said housing whereby said metal is melted and cast under vacuum conditions.
- said furnace comprises a susceptor-type furnace, said heating means including induction coils, and said furnace including an inner liner in which heat is generated by said induction coils, the melting and preheating occurring by radiation from said liner.
- the improvement comprising the steps of locating the metal in a crucible, positioning the crucible on top of said mold, providing a passage at the bottom of said crucible for providing communication between the crucible and mold, normally sealing said passage, locating the crucible and mold in a furnace, heating the crucible to melt the metal therein while the crucible remains positioned on said mold, heating the mold to preheat the mold, tipping said crucible after the melting of the metal to break the sealing of said passage for thereby delivering metal from said crucible into said mold, and directionally solidifying the metal within said mold.
- the improvement comprising the steps of locating the metal in a crucible, positioning the crucible on top of said mold, said crucible defining a flat bottom wall and said mold defining a fiat top surface, said crucible being supported by the mold by disposing said bottom wall on said top surface, locating the crucible and mold in a furnace, heating the crucible to melt the metal therein, heating the mold to preheat the mold, said crucible defining an opening in said bottom wall for the discharge of molten metal therethrough and said mold defining a passage communicating with said top surface for the movement of molten metal into said mold, the engagement of said bottom wall with said top surface normally preventing passage of molten metal through said opening in said bottom wall, and including the step of tilting said crucible upon completion of the melting for delivering metal from said crucible into said mold
- a method in accordance with claim 12 including heating means associated with said furnace, operating the heating means for melting the metal in said crucible; and thereafter operating the heating means for preheating said mold while maintaining said metal in a molten state.
- a method in accordance with claim 13 including the step of locating said mold and crucible on a movable platform, positioning the crucible within said furance by means of said platform for melting of metal within the crucible, and thereafter raising said platform to position beyond the mold and crucible within the furnace.
- heating means comprise independently operable first and second sections, operating the first section for melting metal within the crucible, and thereafter operating the second section and preheating said mold.
- said furnace comprises a susceptor furnace, said melting and preheating being accomplished by radiating heat to said crucible and mold.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
Priority Applications (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US00334264A US3841384A (en) | 1973-02-21 | 1973-02-21 | Method and apparatus for melting and casing metal |
GB4613975A GB1438693A (en) | 1973-02-21 | 1973-09-24 | Metho- for producing directionally solidified castings |
GB4469273A GB1438692A (en) | 1973-02-21 | 1973-09-24 | Apparatus for producing directionally solidified castings |
CA181,982A CA998512A (en) | 1973-02-21 | 1973-09-26 | Method and apparatus for melting and casting metal |
FR7336884A FR2218152B1 (pt) | 1973-02-21 | 1973-10-16 | |
IT7330473A IT998894B (it) | 1973-02-21 | 1973-10-23 | Metodo ed impianto per la fusione e la colata di metalli |
CH1568673A CH562646A5 (pt) | 1973-02-21 | 1973-11-08 | |
SE7315831A SE388140B (sv) | 1973-02-21 | 1973-11-22 | Sett och anordning for framstellning av gjutstycken |
DE2361555A DE2361555A1 (de) | 1973-02-21 | 1973-12-11 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von rohlingen |
BE139434A BE809293A (fr) | 1973-02-21 | 1973-12-28 | Procede et appareil de fusion pour la coulee de metaux |
JP49019062A JPS49115027A (pt) | 1973-02-21 | 1974-02-16 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US00334264A US3841384A (en) | 1973-02-21 | 1973-02-21 | Method and apparatus for melting and casing metal |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3841384A true US3841384A (en) | 1974-10-15 |
Family
ID=23306398
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00334264A Expired - Lifetime US3841384A (en) | 1973-02-21 | 1973-02-21 | Method and apparatus for melting and casing metal |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3841384A (pt) |
JP (1) | JPS49115027A (pt) |
BE (1) | BE809293A (pt) |
CA (1) | CA998512A (pt) |
CH (1) | CH562646A5 (pt) |
DE (1) | DE2361555A1 (pt) |
FR (1) | FR2218152B1 (pt) |
GB (2) | GB1438693A (pt) |
IT (1) | IT998894B (pt) |
SE (1) | SE388140B (pt) |
Cited By (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0127552A1 (en) * | 1983-04-27 | 1984-12-05 | Howmet Turbine Components Corporation | Casting of articles with predetermined crystalline orientation |
US4597431A (en) * | 1983-12-28 | 1986-07-01 | Kyocera Corporation | Melting and pressure casting device |
US4767493A (en) * | 1985-10-30 | 1988-08-30 | Director General Of Agency Of Industrial Science And Technology | Method for heat-treating metal |
EP0589508A1 (en) * | 1992-09-25 | 1994-03-30 | T&N TECHNOLOGY LIMITED | Thermal radiation baffle for apparatus for use in directional solidification |
US5335711A (en) * | 1987-05-30 | 1994-08-09 | Ae Plc | Process and apparatus for metal casting |
US5528620A (en) * | 1993-10-06 | 1996-06-18 | Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. | Levitating and melting apparatus and method of operating the same |
US5931214A (en) * | 1997-08-07 | 1999-08-03 | Howmet Research Corporation | Mold heating vacuum casting furnace |
EP1153681A1 (en) * | 2000-05-11 | 2001-11-14 | PCC Airfoils, Inc. | System for casting a metal article using a fluidized bed |
EP1162016A1 (en) * | 2000-05-13 | 2001-12-12 | Alstom (Switzerland) Ltd | Apparatus for casting a directionally solidified article |
US6510889B2 (en) * | 1999-06-10 | 2003-01-28 | Howmet Research Corporation | Directional solidification method and apparatus |
US20030062145A1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2003-04-03 | Frasier Donald J. | Method and apparatus for production of a cast component |
US6695034B2 (en) | 2000-05-11 | 2004-02-24 | Pcc Airfoils, Inc. | System for casting a metal article |
US20040231822A1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2004-11-25 | Frasier Donald J. | Method and apparatus for production of a cast component |
US20050022959A1 (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2005-02-03 | Soderstrom Mark L. | Directional solidification method and apparatus |
US20070084581A1 (en) * | 2005-10-14 | 2007-04-19 | Pcc Airfoils | Method of casting |
US20090308560A1 (en) * | 2008-06-12 | 2009-12-17 | Graham Lawrence D | Method and apparatus for casting metal articles |
CN102042755A (zh) * | 2010-12-10 | 2011-05-04 | 锦州固兴科技有限公司 | 真空感应快速熔铸电炉 |
EP2774701A1 (en) | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-10 | Howmet Corporation | Vacuum or air casting using induction hot topping |
US20150266763A1 (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2015-09-24 | China Building Materials Academy | Vacuum melting furnace for infrared glass and melting system and method thereof |
CN109396400A (zh) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-01 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | 一种大型复杂薄壁细晶铸件一体化成型方法和装置 |
EP3482848A1 (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2019-05-15 | United Technologies Corporation | Multi-layer susceptor design for magnetic flux shielding in directional solidification furnaces |
US10589351B2 (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2020-03-17 | United Technologies Corporation | Method for magnetic flux compensation in a directional solidification furnace utilizing an actuated secondary coil |
US10760179B2 (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2020-09-01 | Raytheon Technologies Corporation | Method for magnetic flux compensation in a directional solidification furnace utilizing a stationary secondary coil |
WO2021137708A1 (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-07-08 | Seco/Warwick S.A. | Method and device for directional crystallization of castings with oriented or monocrystalline structure |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5575879A (en) * | 1978-12-02 | 1980-06-07 | Arekuseeeuitsuchi Chi Washirii | Method for manufacturing casting piece solidifying with directional property and its device |
Citations (3)
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US3434527A (en) * | 1966-01-06 | 1969-03-25 | Allis Chalmers Mfg Co | Method for ultra-high purity precision casting |
US3506061A (en) * | 1965-06-10 | 1970-04-14 | Gen Electric | Apparatus for vacuum-casting a plurality of metal parts in a single mold |
US3712368A (en) * | 1971-12-01 | 1973-01-23 | United Aircraft Corp | Apparatus for making directionally solidified castings |
-
1973
- 1973-02-21 US US00334264A patent/US3841384A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1973-09-24 GB GB4613975A patent/GB1438693A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-09-24 GB GB4469273A patent/GB1438692A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-09-26 CA CA181,982A patent/CA998512A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-10-16 FR FR7336884A patent/FR2218152B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-10-23 IT IT7330473A patent/IT998894B/it active
- 1973-11-08 CH CH1568673A patent/CH562646A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-11-22 SE SE7315831A patent/SE388140B/xx unknown
- 1973-12-11 DE DE2361555A patent/DE2361555A1/de active Pending
- 1973-12-28 BE BE139434A patent/BE809293A/xx unknown
-
1974
- 1974-02-16 JP JP49019062A patent/JPS49115027A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3506061A (en) * | 1965-06-10 | 1970-04-14 | Gen Electric | Apparatus for vacuum-casting a plurality of metal parts in a single mold |
US3434527A (en) * | 1966-01-06 | 1969-03-25 | Allis Chalmers Mfg Co | Method for ultra-high purity precision casting |
US3712368A (en) * | 1971-12-01 | 1973-01-23 | United Aircraft Corp | Apparatus for making directionally solidified castings |
Cited By (48)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0127552A1 (en) * | 1983-04-27 | 1984-12-05 | Howmet Turbine Components Corporation | Casting of articles with predetermined crystalline orientation |
US4597431A (en) * | 1983-12-28 | 1986-07-01 | Kyocera Corporation | Melting and pressure casting device |
US4767493A (en) * | 1985-10-30 | 1988-08-30 | Director General Of Agency Of Industrial Science And Technology | Method for heat-treating metal |
US5335711A (en) * | 1987-05-30 | 1994-08-09 | Ae Plc | Process and apparatus for metal casting |
EP0589508A1 (en) * | 1992-09-25 | 1994-03-30 | T&N TECHNOLOGY LIMITED | Thermal radiation baffle for apparatus for use in directional solidification |
US5429176A (en) * | 1992-09-25 | 1995-07-04 | T&N Technology Limited | Thermal radiation baffle for apparatus for use in directional solidification |
US5528620A (en) * | 1993-10-06 | 1996-06-18 | Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. | Levitating and melting apparatus and method of operating the same |
US5931214A (en) * | 1997-08-07 | 1999-08-03 | Howmet Research Corporation | Mold heating vacuum casting furnace |
US7343960B1 (en) | 1998-11-20 | 2008-03-18 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Method and apparatus for production of a cast component |
US20040231822A1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2004-11-25 | Frasier Donald J. | Method and apparatus for production of a cast component |
US8844607B2 (en) | 1998-11-20 | 2014-09-30 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Method and apparatus for production of a cast component |
US8181692B2 (en) | 1998-11-20 | 2012-05-22 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Method and apparatus for production of a cast component |
US20030062145A1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2003-04-03 | Frasier Donald J. | Method and apparatus for production of a cast component |
US8087446B2 (en) | 1998-11-20 | 2012-01-03 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Method and apparatus for production of a cast component |
US8082976B2 (en) | 1998-11-20 | 2011-12-27 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Method and apparatus for production of a cast component |
US7418993B2 (en) | 1998-11-20 | 2008-09-02 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Method and apparatus for production of a cast component |
US8851152B2 (en) | 1998-11-20 | 2014-10-07 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Method and apparatus for production of a cast component |
US8851151B2 (en) | 1998-11-20 | 2014-10-07 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Method and apparatus for production of a cast component |
US6932145B2 (en) | 1998-11-20 | 2005-08-23 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Method and apparatus for production of a cast component |
US7779890B2 (en) | 1998-11-20 | 2010-08-24 | Rolls-Royce Corporation | Method and apparatus for production of a cast component |
US20080047679A1 (en) * | 1998-11-20 | 2008-02-28 | Frasier Donald J | Method and apparatus for production of a cast component |
US6510889B2 (en) * | 1999-06-10 | 2003-01-28 | Howmet Research Corporation | Directional solidification method and apparatus |
EP1153681A1 (en) * | 2000-05-11 | 2001-11-14 | PCC Airfoils, Inc. | System for casting a metal article using a fluidized bed |
US6776213B2 (en) | 2000-05-11 | 2004-08-17 | Pcc Airfolis, Inc. | System for casting a metal article |
US6695034B2 (en) | 2000-05-11 | 2004-02-24 | Pcc Airfoils, Inc. | System for casting a metal article |
US6443213B1 (en) | 2000-05-11 | 2002-09-03 | Pcc Airfoils, Inc. | System for casting a metal article using a fluidized bed |
EP1162016A1 (en) * | 2000-05-13 | 2001-12-12 | Alstom (Switzerland) Ltd | Apparatus for casting a directionally solidified article |
US6896030B2 (en) | 2003-07-30 | 2005-05-24 | Howmet Corporation | Directional solidification method and apparatus |
US20050022959A1 (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2005-02-03 | Soderstrom Mark L. | Directional solidification method and apparatus |
US7448428B2 (en) | 2005-10-14 | 2008-11-11 | Pcc Airfoils, Inc. | Method of casting |
US20070084581A1 (en) * | 2005-10-14 | 2007-04-19 | Pcc Airfoils | Method of casting |
US20090308560A1 (en) * | 2008-06-12 | 2009-12-17 | Graham Lawrence D | Method and apparatus for casting metal articles |
US7849910B2 (en) | 2008-06-12 | 2010-12-14 | Pcc Airfoils, Inc. | Method and apparatus for casting metal articles |
CN102042755B (zh) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-05-02 | 锦州固兴科技有限公司 | 真空感应快速熔铸电炉 |
CN102042755A (zh) * | 2010-12-10 | 2011-05-04 | 锦州固兴科技有限公司 | 真空感应快速熔铸电炉 |
EP2774701A1 (en) | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-10 | Howmet Corporation | Vacuum or air casting using induction hot topping |
US9381569B2 (en) | 2013-03-07 | 2016-07-05 | Howmet Corporation | Vacuum or air casting using induction hot topping |
US20150266763A1 (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2015-09-24 | China Building Materials Academy | Vacuum melting furnace for infrared glass and melting system and method thereof |
US9302927B2 (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2016-04-05 | China Building Materials Academy | Vacuum melting furnace for infrared glass and melting system and method thereof |
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US10760179B2 (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2020-09-01 | Raytheon Technologies Corporation | Method for magnetic flux compensation in a directional solidification furnace utilizing a stationary secondary coil |
US10906096B2 (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2021-02-02 | Raytheon Technologies Corporation | Method for magnetic flux compensation in a directional solidification furnace utilizing an actuated secondary coil |
US10907270B2 (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2021-02-02 | Raytheon Technologies Corporation | Method for magnetic flux compensation in a directional solidification furnace utilizing a stationary secondary coil |
US10907269B2 (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2021-02-02 | Raytheon Technologies Corporation | Multi-layer susceptor design for magnetic flux shielding in directional solidification furnaces |
CN109396400A (zh) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-01 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | 一种大型复杂薄壁细晶铸件一体化成型方法和装置 |
WO2021137708A1 (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-07-08 | Seco/Warwick S.A. | Method and device for directional crystallization of castings with oriented or monocrystalline structure |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE388140B (sv) | 1976-09-27 |
FR2218152A1 (pt) | 1974-09-13 |
BE809293A (fr) | 1974-04-16 |
GB1438692A (en) | 1976-06-09 |
JPS49115027A (pt) | 1974-11-02 |
FR2218152B1 (pt) | 1976-10-01 |
CA998512A (en) | 1976-10-19 |
GB1438693A (en) | 1976-06-09 |
IT998894B (it) | 1976-02-20 |
CH562646A5 (pt) | 1975-06-13 |
DE2361555A1 (de) | 1974-08-22 |
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