US3839014A - Ferrosilicon alloy - Google Patents
Ferrosilicon alloy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3839014A US3839014A US00366037A US36603773A US3839014A US 3839014 A US3839014 A US 3839014A US 00366037 A US00366037 A US 00366037A US 36603773 A US36603773 A US 36603773A US 3839014 A US3839014 A US 3839014A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- weight percent
- alloy
- ferrosilicon
- copper
- phosphorus
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- KRMAWHGVFKZFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si][Si][Fe] Chemical compound [Si][Si][Fe] KRMAWHGVFKZFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 20
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 20
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 19
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001096 P alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000272534 Struthio camelus Species 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron silicon Chemical compound [Si].[Fe] XWHPIFXRKKHEKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C35/00—Master alloys for iron or steel
- C22C35/005—Master alloys for iron or steel based on iron, e.g. ferro-alloys
Definitions
- a pulverulent ferrosilicon alloy which consists of smooth and spheroidal particles, has a density of more than 7 g/cubic centimeter and is used particularly for the preparation of heavy pulps for the float-sink dressing of minerals, has already been described in German Pat. No. 1 212 733.
- the alloy contains more particularly between 8 and 15 weight percent of silicon, between 0.5 and 5 weight percent of nickel, between 1.4 and 5 weight percent of copper, the balance being substantially iron.
- ferrosilicon powder To be suitable for such use, it is an important requirement for the ferrosilicon powder to be extremely corrosion-proof. This, however, is a specification which is not fully met by conventional ferrosilicon powders alloyed with copper and nickel. Of prime importance is the resistance to corrosion of powdered ferrosilicon, particularly in those cases inwhich use is made thereof as a packing material in dummy projectiles, so-called practice ammunition, or as a reliable recoilcompensating material, for example in armonpiercing shells. Failing this, the powder tends to agglomerate, which is highly hazardous, as the powder then naturally ceases to disintegrate immediately after the shell leaves the barrel from which it is fired.
- Fe/Si/Cu/Ni-alloys can be further alloyed with certain proportions of phosphorus to give a considerably more corrosion-proof ferrosilicon powder, of which the further properties vital to certain uses, such as magnetism, resistance to abrasion, viscosity of a heavy pulp made therefrom, remain unaffected. Equally unaffected remains the smooth and spheroidal, preferably spherical, shape of the individual ferrosilicon powder particles.
- the increase in weight of an alloy powder, caused by rust, is an index of the alloys resistance to corrosion.
- the weight of the phosphorus-containing alloy of the present invention has been found to be increased at a rate which is merely 1/30 to l/40 of the increase in weight determined for known alloys which are substantially free from phosphorus.
- the present invention provides more particularly a pulverulent ferrosilicon alloy consisting of smooth, spheroidal particles, having a density of more than 7 g/cubic centimeter and containing between 8 and weight percent silicon, between 0.5 and 5 weight percent of nickel and between 1.4 and 5 weight percent of copper, the said alloy containing between 0.3 and 2.5 weight percent, preferably between 1 and 1.5 weight percent, of phosphorus as an additional ingredient.
- the alloy may contain between 0.02 and 2 weight percent of carbon.
- the ferrosilicon alloy of the present invention can be used, for example, as heavy medium in heavy pulps for the float-sink dressing of minerals, or as packing material in dummy projectiles to be fired from a gun, or in practice ammunition.
- the alloys of the present invention can be made by melting iron, copper, nickel, quartz gravel, carbon and ferrophosphorus in an electrothermal reduction furnace, or by melting iron, copper, nickel, ferrosilicon and ferrophosphorus in an induction furnace, at temperatures between l,200 and 1,650C, and atomizing the resulting melt in known manner under pressures between 2 and 30 atmospheres absolute using water, steam or air as the atomization-inducing agent.
- the resulting finely divided and fused droplets arechilled in water, subjected to preliminary dehydration, dried and sieved.
- the powder particles so made substantially have a compact, smooth, spheroidal, drop-shaped or elongated surface.
- the alloy powder particles have a size substantially between 0.001 and 0.4 mm, the particle size distribution being very regular. It is therefore possible for the screen analysis curves to be plotted, practically as a straight line, in the Rosin-Rammler dia gram.
- the alloy of the present invention contains copper in a proportion above the limit of solubility of copper in a-iron.
- the limit of solubility is at 850C, for a 1.4 weight percent proportion of copper.
- copper and iron are completely soluble in one another. Only upon solidification occurs the separation into two phases, copper being first separated from the y-modification and later from the a-modification of iron.
- the atomization technique used it is possible for the copper to be retained in the dissolved state in the iron-silicon alloy. On chilling the melt, the state of dissolution is extensively congealed in the fused phase.
- the copper-containing alloy of the present invention cannot simply be made by pouring the melt into moulds and allowing the melt to gradually cool therein, as this would inevitably result in the precipitation of copper. It is, however, possible for the alloy of the present invention to be produced in finely divided form by the steps comprising pouring the alloy melt into moulds, allowing the melt to cool and solidify therein, grinding the solidified material and reducing it to powder, and passing the resulting copper-containing ferrosilicon powder in conventional manner, if desired under pressure and with the use of an atomization inducing agent, through a heated zone, which may be a flame zone, for example.
- the particles On being passed therethrough, care should be taken to ensure that the particles are melted round at least superficially. In addition to this, the particles should be allowed to remain in the heating zone for the period of time necessary to ensure dissolution of the copper therein, at temperatures above 850C. This state is congealed in a following cooling and chilling zone.
- the iron/copper/nickellsilicon/phosphorus-alloy may contain customary commercial contaminants including, for example, manganese, aluminum, titanium, chromium, molybdenum, vanadium or sulfur in maximum proportions of altogether 3 weight percent.
- the rust index was identified.
- a porcelain dish filled with 20 g of pulverulent alloy and 5 milliliters (ml) distilled water was placed in a drying cabinet, which had a temperature of 75C, and allowed to remain therein over 75 minutes. Following a cooling period of 25 minutes in each particular case, the above impregnation and vaporization procedures were repeated a further 3 times and the increase in weight was identified.
- the ferrosilicon powder so made (referred to hereinafter as product B) was tested in the laboratory to determine its rust index and found to have a very good resistance to corrosion.
- a comparative test was made with product A. This was atomized ferrosilicon which was prepared in analogous manner but was free from phosphorus.
- the balance being iron and customary commerical impurities.
- the balance being iron and customary commercial impurities.
- a ferrosilicon alloy in powder form consisting of smooth, spheroidally shaped particles, having a density of more than 7 g/cubic centimeter, and consisting essentially of between 8 and 15 weight percent of silicon, between 0.5 and 5 weight percent of nickel, between 1.4 and 5 weight percent of copper, between 0.3 and 2.5 weight percent of phosphorus and between 0 and 2 weight percent of carbon, the balance being iron.
- ferrosilicon alloy as claimed in claim 1 silicon alloy containing between 1 and 1.5 weight percent of phosphorus.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2227348A DE2227348C2 (de) | 1972-06-06 | 1972-06-06 | Ferrosiliciumlegierung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3839014A true US3839014A (en) | 1974-10-01 |
Family
ID=5846878
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00366037A Expired - Lifetime US3839014A (en) | 1972-06-06 | 1973-06-01 | Ferrosilicon alloy |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3839014A (en(2012)) |
| DE (1) | DE2227348C2 (en(2012)) |
| ZA (1) | ZA733291B (en(2012)) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4090868A (en) * | 1976-10-26 | 1978-05-23 | Jan Robert Tengzelius | Phosphorus steel powder and a method of manufacturing the same |
| US4093449A (en) * | 1976-10-26 | 1978-06-06 | Hoganas Ab, Fack | Phosphorus steel powder and a method of manufacturing the same |
| DE3519307A1 (de) * | 1984-06-05 | 1985-12-05 | Cabot Corp., Boston, Mass. | Siliziumreiche verschleissfeste legierungsueberzuege |
| GB2484184B (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2013-11-06 | Clearwater Int Llc | A cement composition comprising metal silicon alloys |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2441815A1 (en) * | 2010-10-13 | 2012-04-18 | Imerys Oilfield Minerals, Inc. | Ferrosilicon weighting agents for wellbore fluids |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2555014A (en) * | 1950-09-07 | 1951-05-29 | Vanadium Corp Of America | Composition for addition to cast iron or steel |
| US3243288A (en) * | 1961-09-23 | 1966-03-29 | Knapsack Ag | Ferrosilicon-alloy |
| US3497347A (en) * | 1967-08-28 | 1970-02-24 | Mannesmann Ag | Phosphorus containing iron powder |
-
1972
- 1972-06-06 DE DE2227348A patent/DE2227348C2/de not_active Expired
-
1973
- 1973-05-16 ZA ZA733291A patent/ZA733291B/xx unknown
- 1973-06-01 US US00366037A patent/US3839014A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2555014A (en) * | 1950-09-07 | 1951-05-29 | Vanadium Corp Of America | Composition for addition to cast iron or steel |
| US3243288A (en) * | 1961-09-23 | 1966-03-29 | Knapsack Ag | Ferrosilicon-alloy |
| US3497347A (en) * | 1967-08-28 | 1970-02-24 | Mannesmann Ag | Phosphorus containing iron powder |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4090868A (en) * | 1976-10-26 | 1978-05-23 | Jan Robert Tengzelius | Phosphorus steel powder and a method of manufacturing the same |
| US4093449A (en) * | 1976-10-26 | 1978-06-06 | Hoganas Ab, Fack | Phosphorus steel powder and a method of manufacturing the same |
| DE3519307A1 (de) * | 1984-06-05 | 1985-12-05 | Cabot Corp., Boston, Mass. | Siliziumreiche verschleissfeste legierungsueberzuege |
| US4561892A (en) * | 1984-06-05 | 1985-12-31 | Cabot Corporation | Silicon-rich alloy coatings |
| GB2484184B (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2013-11-06 | Clearwater Int Llc | A cement composition comprising metal silicon alloys |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ZA733291B (en) | 1974-04-24 |
| DE2227348A1 (en(2012)) | 1973-11-29 |
| DE2227348B1 (de) | 1973-11-29 |
| DE2227348C2 (de) | 1974-06-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US2287251A (en) | Manufacture of nonporous metal articles | |
| US3890145A (en) | Processes for the manufacture of tungsten-based alloys and in the corresponding materials | |
| US5831188A (en) | Composite shots and methods of making | |
| Pai et al. | Production of cast aluminium-graphite particle composites using a pellet method | |
| US3839014A (en) | Ferrosilicon alloy | |
| US4401482A (en) | Fe--Cr--Co Magnets by powder metallurgy processing | |
| US4402884A (en) | Method for producing ferro-nickel shots | |
| US3660544A (en) | Process for producing sized ferroalloy particles | |
| US3243288A (en) | Ferrosilicon-alloy | |
| US3385696A (en) | Process for producing nickel-magnesium product by powder metallurgy | |
| US2291734A (en) | Porous metal | |
| CA1105295A (en) | Nickel and cobalt irregularly shaped granulates | |
| US3454498A (en) | Heavy pulp including particles of ferrochrome alloy having a smooth and spherical surface area | |
| US3943061A (en) | Use of an iron/silicon/phosphorus-alloy in separation of minerals | |
| CA1119844A (en) | Method and alloy for introducing machinability increasing ingredients to steel | |
| US3512962A (en) | Cobalt-tungsten carbide alloy and process | |
| JPH11131111A (ja) | 銅鉄合金粉粒体の製造法と製造装置及び銅鉄合金粉粒体 | |
| US3128172A (en) | Non-spherical cupreous powder | |
| US1710398A (en) | Method of purifying light metals | |
| US2839393A (en) | Addition agent and method for treating cast iron | |
| US4052203A (en) | Crushable low reactivity nickel-base magnesium additive | |
| US3076735A (en) | Sumberged-melt arc welding, composition and process | |
| CA1065124A (en) | Heavy pulps for the float-sink dressing of minerals | |
| US3713817A (en) | Method of producing powder metal articles | |
| JPH0249363B2 (en(2012)) |