US3838922A - Apparatus for sensing the quantity of reclaimed developer material - Google Patents

Apparatus for sensing the quantity of reclaimed developer material Download PDF

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Publication number
US3838922A
US3838922A US00360283A US36028373A US3838922A US 3838922 A US3838922 A US 3838922A US 00360283 A US00360283 A US 00360283A US 36028373 A US36028373 A US 36028373A US 3838922 A US3838922 A US 3838922A
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United States
Prior art keywords
platform
developer material
switch
container
reproduction machine
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00360283A
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English (en)
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B Nelson
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Xerox Corp
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Xerox Corp
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Priority to DE2242757A priority Critical patent/DE2242757A1/de
Application filed by Xerox Corp filed Critical Xerox Corp
Priority to US00360283A priority patent/US3838922A/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/20—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measurement of weight, e.g. to determine the level of stored liquefied gas
    • G01F23/205—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measurement of weight, e.g. to determine the level of stored liquefied gas for discrete levels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G21/00—Arrangements not provided for by groups G03G13/00 - G03G19/00, e.g. cleaning, elimination of residual charge
    • G03G21/10—Collecting or recycling waste developer
    • G03G21/12—Toner waste containers

Definitions

  • a xerographic surface comprising a layer of photoconductive insulating material affixed to a conductive backing is used to support electrostatic images.
  • the xerographic plate is electrostatically charged uniformly over its surface and then exposed to a light pattern of the image being reproduced to selectively dissipate the charge in the areas where light strikes the layer.
  • the undischarged areas of the layer thus form an electrostatic charge pattern in conformity with the configuration of the original light pattern.
  • the electrostatic latent image may then be developed by contacting it with a finely divided electrostatically attractable developing material, such as a resinous powder.
  • a finely divided electrostatically attractable developing material such as a resinous powder.
  • the powder is held in the image areas by the electrostatic fields on the layer. Where the field is greatest, the greatest amount of material is deposited; and where the field is least, little or no material is deposited.
  • a viewable powder image is produced in conformity with the light image of the copy being reproduced.
  • the powder is subsequently transferred to a sheet of paper or other support surface and suitably fused to thereby form a permanent print.
  • a toner reclaiming system wherein residual developer material, removed from an electrostatic insulating surface, is deposited in receptacles and thus is provided for reuse.
  • the system operates by causing a flow of air to carry developer particles from a brush cleaning device in an electrostatic printing machine to a particle separation apparatus wherein the particles are separated from the air flow and conveyed to a collection manifold and thence to recovery containers. The small amount of particles remaining in the air flow are removed by a final filter element through which the air passes.
  • the developer material contained in the recovery containers should be periodically discharged therefrom and returned to the electrostatic reproduction machine. If an operator does not attend to the evacuation of the containers, the danger exists that their capacity may be exceeded, thereby preventing further separation of the developer particles from the air flow. Consequently, the electrostatic reproduction machine would function in an enviornment that is not properly cleaned, resulting in the deleterious operation thereof. Moreover, the final filter element may be obstructed soon after the capacity of the containers is exceeded, thereby producing a substantial pressure differential thereacross. Hence. the danger of damage to the electrostatic reproduction machine and a laborious cleaning task are possibilites that should be avoided.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide apparatus for use in an electrostatic reproduction machine for interrupting the continued operation of the machine when the amount of developer material cleaned therefrom approaches the capacity of the recovery containers within which the reclaimed material is deposited.
  • apparatus for sensing the quantity of developer material cleaned from an electrostatic insulating surface and deposited in recovery containers, said apparatus including a movable platform upon which the recovery containers are seated, said platform being subjected to a translation in accordance with the weight exerted thereon by the material contained in said containers; and switch means mechanically coupled to said platfonn and adapted to be activated when said platform is translated in excess of a predetermined amount. Activation of the switch means may be utilized to interrupt the operation of the electrostatic reproduction machine with which the recovery system is utilized. lndicating means may be coupled to the platform to provide a visual indication of the amount of developer material received by the containers.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an electrostatic reproduction machine incorporating the present invention therein with the processing components in section to better illustrate the enviornment for the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a developer material reclaiming system for the reproduction machine including the sensing apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of the movable platform upon which the containers illustrated in FIG. 2 are seated.
  • FIG. 1 For a general understanding of an electrostatic reproduction machine in which the invention may be incorporated, reference is had to FIG. 1 in which some of the various system components for the machine are schematically illustrated, and to FIG. 2 wherein the complete reclaiming system is shown. Like component parts are identified by like reference numerals throughout.
  • a light image of an original to' be reproduced is projected onto the sensitized surface of a xerographic plate to form a electrostatic latent image thereon.
  • the latent image is developed with an oppositely charged developing material comprising developer particles known as toner particles to form a xerographic powder image corresponding to the latent image on the plate surface.
  • the powder image is then electrostatically transferred to a support surface to which it may be fixed by a fusing device whereby the powder image is caused to adhere permanently to the support surface.
  • the electrostatically attractable developing material commonly used in image developing apparatus comprises a pigmented resinous powder referred to here as ,toner" and a carrier of larger granular beads formed with steel cores coated with a material removed in the triboelectric series from the toner so that a triboelectric charge is generated between the toner powder and the granular carrier, and the toner is then attracted to the electrostatic latent image from the carrier to produce a visible powder image on the electrostatic insulating surface.
  • an original D to be copied is placed upon a transparent support platen P fixedly arranged in an illumination assembly generally indicated by the reference numeral 10. While upon the platen, an illumination system flashes light rays upon the original thereby producing image rays corresponding to the informational areas on the original.
  • the image rays are projected by means of an optical system 11 to an exposure station A for exposing the photosensitive surface of a moving xerographic plate in the form of a flexible photoconductive belt 12.
  • That portion of the belt being exposed is uniformly charged by a corona discharge device 13 located at a belt run extending between belt 12, a supporting roller 14, and a drive roller 15.
  • the exposure station extends between the roller 14 and a third support roller 16.
  • the exposure of the belt surface to the light image selectively dissipates the electrostatic charge on the surface of the photoconductive layer in the areas struck by light, thereby forming an electrostatic latent image in image configuration corresponding to the light image projected from the original on the supporting platen.
  • the electrostatic image passes around the roller 16 and through a developing station B located at a third run of the belt and in which there is positioned a developing apparatus generally indicated by the reference numeral 17.
  • the developing apparatus 17 may comprise a plurality of conventional magnetic brushes which carry developing material to the adjacent surface of the upwardly moving inclined photoconductive belt 12 in order to provide development of the electrostatic image. As the developing material is applied to the electrophotographic belt, toner particles in the development material are attracted electrostatically to the belt surface to form powder images.
  • the developed electrostatic image is transported by the belt 12 to a transfer station C located at a point of tangency on the belt as it moves around the drive roller l whereat a sheet of copy material is moved at a speed 5 in synchronism with the moving belt in order to accomplish transfer of the developed image.
  • a transfer roller 19 which is arranged on the frame of the machine for contacting the non-transfer side of each sheet of copy material as the same is brought into transfer engagement with the belt 12., The roller 19 is electrically biased with sufficient voltage so that a developed image on the belt 12 may be electrostatically transferred to the adjacent side of a sheet of material S as the same is brought into contact therewith.
  • a sheet transport mechanism adapted to transport sheets of material seriatim from a suitable handling mechanism generally indicated by the reference numeral 23 to the developed image on the belt as the same is carried around the roller 15.
  • a programming device operatively connected to the mechanism 23, and the aforementioned illumination system is effective to present a developed image at the transfer station C in timed sequence with the arrival of a sheet of material.
  • the sheet is stripped from the belt 12, it is conveyed by a conveying system 24 into a fuser assembly generally indicated by the reference numeral 25 wherein the developed and transferred xerographic powder image on the sheet material is permanently affixed thereto. After fusing, the finished copy is discharged from the apparatus at a suitable point for collection externally of the apparatus.
  • the excess toner particles remaining as residue on the developed images, as well as those particles not otherwise transferred therefrom are carried by the belt 12 to a cleaning apparatus 26 positioned on the run of the belt between rollers l4, 15 adjacent the charging device 13.
  • the cleaning device comprises a rotating brush 27, corona discharge device 28 for neutralizing charges remaining on the non-transferred toner particles and a housing 30 for supporting the brush 27 and into which the toner particles are brought to be subsequently conveyed away from the vicinity of the belt under the influence of an air stream.
  • the housing 30 is in communication with the input end 31 of a duct 32 which is connected to a pumping apparatus and toner reclaiming system, generally indicated by the reference numeral 33, for removing the toner laden air from the housing 30 on a continuous basis during machine operation.
  • the toner reclaiming system is in the form of an air conveying system including the duct 32, an output duct 34 (clearly illustrated in FIG. 2) having a filtering device 35 as the output end for the system, pumping apparatus such as motor-driven blower or fan means 36 interposed between and in operational fluid communication with the ducts 32, 34.
  • the blower means may be of the conventional type having an impeller (not shown) mounted for rotation within a blower housing 37 having its input end connected to the duct 32 and its output end connected to the duct 34.
  • the operation of the blower means is such as to move air from the chamber within the brush housing 30, through the duct 32, through a separating means, through the blower housing 37, through the duct 34 and finally through a final filter element 35 and out into the surrounding atmosphere.
  • the separating means 40 Positioned in the duct 32, between its input end 31 and the blower means 36, and operating as part of the air conveying system is separating means 40 which is utilized to separate the toner particles from the air flowing through thesystem.
  • the separating means 40 includes a housing 41 formed with an input fitting 42 to which the duct 32 is connected and an output fitting 43 to which a short duct 44, which is part of the main duct 32, connects the housing 41 to the input side of the blower housing 37.
  • the separating means 40 may be of any type which is adapted to separate particles from air flow and to permit the continued flow of the clean air while moving the particles to a collecting point. It is preferred that the separator be of the centrifugal type which is constructed so that particle-laden air is set in a whirling motion to drive the particles against walls by centrifugal forces.
  • the toner-free air flows through the housing 41 between walls within the housing, out of the housing by way of the fitting 43 and through the duct 44 into the blower housing 37.
  • the entire movement of air being produced by the blower means and after being directed therethrough completes its path through the duct 34 and to the filtering element 35 which is utilized in order to precipitate the remaining toner particles which may remain in the flow of air after leaving the separating means 40.
  • the separated toner particles are directed out of housing 41 and collect in a manifold 55 which may be suitably attached to the housing 41 as another separated chamber therein.
  • Bellow means 61 capable of expandable and compressible deformation, are provided for supporting the recovery containers 60 in suspended relation beneath manifold 55.
  • the recovery containers which may comprise one or more suitable vessels, such as plastic bottles or the like, are adapted to receive the separated toner particles.
  • the depositing of toner particles on the containers will be fairly even; that is, the containers will receive particles in substantially equal amounts. It should be appreciated that the containers are removably supported by bellow means 61 to facilitate the discharging of accumulated toner particles therefrom by an operator.
  • the reclaimed particles may thus be reintroduced to the developing apparatus 17 through the sealing cap 72 of toner dispersing device 70 of FIG. 1.
  • a more complete description of the toner reclaiming system, and the manner in which the system operates, is set forth in copending application Ser. No. 152,136 filed on June 1 l, l97l by Salvatore Latone.
  • the containers 60 are seated upon a movable platform generally indicated by reference numeral 62.
  • the platform is coupled to the frame of the electrostatic reproduction machine by conven tional means 63 and is comprised of first and second portions 64 and 65, each portion being adapted to receive an equal number of containers.
  • each portion 64 and 65 receives two containers.
  • the two portions are hingedly coupled to each other by suitable fastening means such as bolts 75 and 76 whereby each portion is independently rotatably translatable about an axis defined by the bolts. Accordingly, the platform portion 64 may be subjected to a counterclockwise translation in accordance with a force exerted thereon and platform portion 65 may be subjected to a clockwise translation in accordance with a force exerted thereon.
  • Switch means comprised of electromechanical switches 68 and 69 are affixed to platform portions 65 and 64, respectively. by suitable fastening means, such as the illustrated screws 80 and 81.
  • Each switch may be a conventional microswitch having a pair of contacts adapted to be closed (or opened) upon the activation of the microswitch.
  • the microswitch includes a depending member adapted to be contacted by a reference member to thereby activate the microswitch. It is appreciated that the reference member may comprise the aforementioned frame of the electrostatic reproduction machine.
  • the contacts of switch 68 are connected to conducting means 83 and 84 and the contacts of switch 69 are connected to conducting means 82 and 83.
  • the conducting means are connected to further means for a purpose to be described.
  • the movable platform is additionally disposed for mechanical contact with a lever 77 that is pivotable about an axis 78.
  • the lever acts in cooperation with an index to form a visual indicating means, generally designated by the reference numberal 66, to provide an operator with an indication of the relative translation of the movable platform.
  • the index may comprise a printed scale having appropriate calibrations thereon to designate the position of the flanged portion 67 of lever 77.
  • the aforedescribed final filter element 35 includes a pressure sensitive switch adapted to be activated when the pressure differential thereacross exceeds a predetermined amount.
  • a typical pressure sensitive switch is model number PSFlOOA manufactured by Fairchild Controls of Hicksville. L.l. Should the pressure differential resulting from the precipitation of particles by the final filter element 35 exceed 4 inches of water, the pressure sensitive switch is activated. The purpose of the pressure sensitive switch will become clear from the following description of the operation of the apparatus illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the weight of the developer material deposited in containers 60 effects a downward displacement of the containers which are suspended from bellow means 61.
  • the movable platform upon which the containers are seated, receives a corresponding force exerted thereon and is, therefore, subjected to a translation. If the toner reclaiming system described in copending application Ser. No. 152,136 filed on June 1 l, 1971 by Salvatore Latone is operating in a normal manner, each platform portion 64 and 65 will be subjected to a substantially equal translation. It may be appreciated that, as portion 65 is translated, the lever 77 that is in mechanical contact therewith, is rotated about axis 88.
  • platform portions 64 and 65 move downward whereby the flanged portion 67 of lever 77 moves upward.
  • An operator may, therefore, be apprised of the amount of material that has been recovered by observing the relative position of the flanged portion 67 with respect to the calibrated index of the visual indicating means 66.
  • apparatus 90 is comprised of latching relay 85 including first and second energizing coils 86 and 88 coupled to suitable sources of energizing potential 87 and 89, respectively.
  • the latching relay further includes a single movable contact 91 adapted to selectively establish an electrical channel to conductors 92 and 93 in accordance with the particular energizing coil that has been activated.
  • Switches 68 and 69 are electrically connected in parallel relationship such that the activation of either switch completes a series circuit including source of energizing potential 87 and energizing coil 86 whereby current flows from the source 87, through coil 86 and thence through the activated switch 68 and/or 69 to source 87.
  • an additional switch 95 which is the pressure sensitive switch included in the final filter element 35, is connected in parallel relationship with switch 68 and 69 and serves to complete the justmentioned series circuit upon the activation thereof.
  • the energization of coil 86 causes contact 91 to establish a contacting relationship with conductor 92 to thereby supply control means, not shown, with a suitable potential, such as ground potential to interrupt the operation of the electrostatic reproduction machine.
  • the contacting relationship is maintained until coil 88 of latching relay 85 is energized.
  • This is accomplished by operating switch 94 which connects coil 88 to the source of energizing potential 89, thereby returning contact 91 to a contacting relationship with conductor 93.
  • latching relay 85 will be reset in this manner provided the condition that caused the activation of switches 68, 69 or 95 is rectified.
  • switch 95 effects a latching of contact 91 to conductor 92 to thereby interrupt the operation of the electrostatic reproduction machine when the filter is obstructed by the precipitation of particles.
  • a substantial pressure differential e.g., a pressure differential in excess of four inches of water, is prevented from being produced across the filter, thereby guarding against the possibility of damage to the machine.
  • the switches 68 and 69 thus cooperate with the pressure sensitive switch such that the pressure sensitive switch serves as a reserve in the event of the failure of switches 68 and 69.
  • movable platform 62 may be of unitary construction and mounted on spring biased supports. Thus, platform portions 64 and may be omitted.
  • the movable platform may, in addition, be provided with only one switch that is activated when the platform is translated beyond a predetermined amount.
  • the switch may be fixedly mounted on the reference member and include a protruding member adapted to be contacted by the movable platform.
  • the indicating means 66 may include a lever directly connected to the movable platform and adapted to be translated in the direction of translation of the movable platform.
  • the latching relay of further apparatus 90 may include other conventional electronic circuitry. such as logic circuits or the like, to effect the interruption of the electrostatic reproduction machine and to provide a suitable indication of the cause of such interruption.
  • the establishment (or interruption) of signal translation paths between conducting means 82 and 83 and between conducting means 83 and 84 may actuate conventional AND gate means, or the like, to control the operation of the machine.
  • said platform means being movably mounted so as to move in accordance with the force exerted thereon by said container means;
  • switch means operatively associated with said plat form means so as to be actuated when the movement of said platform means exceeds a predetermined amount
  • interrupting means responsive to the actuation of said switch means for interrupting operation of said reproduction machine when said platform means reaches a predetermined position.
  • Apparatus according to claim 1 which includes indicating means coupled to said platform means for providing a visual indication of the relative position of said platform means.
  • said interrupting means includes reset means, and means for maintaining said reproduction machine in an inoperative mode even after said platform means moves away from said predetermined position until said reset means is actuated.
  • container means for receiving said developer material
  • said platform means being movably mounted so as to move in accordance with the force exerted thereon by said container means;
  • first switch means operatively associated with said platform means so as to be actuated thereby when the platform reaches a predetermined position
  • a pneumatic conveying system including separating means for receiving said developer material carried by air from said surface. said separating means having a first outlet for delivering said developer material to said container means. and a second outlet for expelling air from said pneumatic conveying system;
  • filter means for removing any developer material in air expelled through said second outlet. the pressure across said filter means increasing with the amount of developer material removed;
  • interrupting means responsive to said first and second switch means for interrupting the operation of said machine upon actuation of said first or said second switch means.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Cleaning In Electrography (AREA)
US00360283A 1971-12-30 1973-05-14 Apparatus for sensing the quantity of reclaimed developer material Expired - Lifetime US3838922A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2242757A DE2242757A1 (de) 1971-12-30 1972-08-31 Vorrichtung zur wiederaufbereitung von entwicklermaterial bei xerox-kopiergeraeten
US00360283A US3838922A (en) 1971-12-30 1973-05-14 Apparatus for sensing the quantity of reclaimed developer material

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US21427871A 1971-12-30 1971-12-30
US00360283A US3838922A (en) 1971-12-30 1973-05-14 Apparatus for sensing the quantity of reclaimed developer material

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3924566A (en) * 1974-11-25 1975-12-09 Xerox Corp Reproduction machine with means for solidifying the reclaim toner
US4687320A (en) * 1985-01-30 1987-08-18 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Control system for a copier
US4982231A (en) * 1988-07-08 1991-01-01 Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha Waste toner recovery device for use in electrostatic copying machines
DE4035719A1 (de) * 1989-11-10 1991-05-29 Asahi Optical Co Ltd Detektoranordnung fuer einen vorratsbehaelter
US5260755A (en) * 1987-06-23 1993-11-09 Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha Toner collecting apparatus
US20080075483A1 (en) * 2006-09-25 2008-03-27 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Developer recovering device and image forming apparatus having the same
US20100080580A1 (en) * 2008-09-26 2010-04-01 Yoji Yamaguchi Image forming apparatus
US20100080578A1 (en) * 2008-09-26 2010-04-01 Tomoya Ichikawa Image forming apparatus and waste powder transporting method

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3335807A (en) * 1966-03-29 1967-08-15 Hulbert T Tytus Fluid weight control meter
US3483679A (en) * 1967-01-03 1969-12-16 Xerox Corp Filter apparatus

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3335807A (en) * 1966-03-29 1967-08-15 Hulbert T Tytus Fluid weight control meter
US3483679A (en) * 1967-01-03 1969-12-16 Xerox Corp Filter apparatus

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3924566A (en) * 1974-11-25 1975-12-09 Xerox Corp Reproduction machine with means for solidifying the reclaim toner
US4687320A (en) * 1985-01-30 1987-08-18 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Control system for a copier
US5260755A (en) * 1987-06-23 1993-11-09 Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha Toner collecting apparatus
US4982231A (en) * 1988-07-08 1991-01-01 Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha Waste toner recovery device for use in electrostatic copying machines
AU639396B2 (en) * 1989-11-10 1993-07-22 Asahi Kogaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Storage vessel detecting mechanism
US5101228A (en) * 1989-11-10 1992-03-31 Asahi Kogaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Storage vessel detecting mechanism
GB2238756A (en) * 1989-11-10 1991-06-12 Asahi Optical Co Ltd Storage vessel detecting mechanism
DE4035719A1 (de) * 1989-11-10 1991-05-29 Asahi Optical Co Ltd Detektoranordnung fuer einen vorratsbehaelter
GB2238756B (en) * 1989-11-10 1993-12-22 Asahi Optical Co Ltd Storage vessel detecting mechanism
US20080075483A1 (en) * 2006-09-25 2008-03-27 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Developer recovering device and image forming apparatus having the same
US8126340B2 (en) * 2006-09-25 2012-02-28 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Developer recovering device and image forming apparatus having the same
US20100080580A1 (en) * 2008-09-26 2010-04-01 Yoji Yamaguchi Image forming apparatus
US20100080578A1 (en) * 2008-09-26 2010-04-01 Tomoya Ichikawa Image forming apparatus and waste powder transporting method
US8116644B2 (en) * 2008-09-26 2012-02-14 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Image forming apparatus and waste powder transporting method
US8116645B2 (en) * 2008-09-26 2012-02-14 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Image forming apparatus with multiple waste powder storing containers

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