US3838778A - Draft gear - Google Patents

Draft gear Download PDF

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Publication number
US3838778A
US3838778A US00295540A US29554072A US3838778A US 3838778 A US3838778 A US 3838778A US 00295540 A US00295540 A US 00295540A US 29554072 A US29554072 A US 29554072A US 3838778 A US3838778 A US 3838778A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
draft gear
protuberances
face
metal
cushions
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00295540A
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English (en)
Inventor
B Appleton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Unilan AG
Original Assignee
Unilan AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unilan AG filed Critical Unilan AG
Priority to US00295540A priority Critical patent/US3838778A/en
Priority to CA170,109A priority patent/CA973514A/en
Priority to GB2034173A priority patent/GB1401166A/en
Priority to AU55156/73A priority patent/AU450624B2/en
Priority to JP48060993A priority patent/JPS4971615A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3838778A publication Critical patent/US3838778A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
    • B61G9/00—Draw-gear
    • B61G9/04—Draw-gear combined with buffing appliances
    • B61G9/06—Draw-gear combined with buffing appliances with rubber springs

Definitions

  • a draft gear adapted to be operatively connected to a coupler of a railway vehicle is provided with a novel and improved cushioning member comprising spaced face to face elements having a rigid sheet carrying frusto-shaped substantially nonporous elastomeric protuberances on each face thereof and a flexible plastic foam filling the interstices between the elements.
  • This invention relates generally to a draft gear adapted to be operatively connected to a coupler of a railway vehicle and more particularly to such a draft gear provided with a novel and improved buff and draw cushion to absorb coupler forces.
  • the cushioning device used in the draft gear is composed of a plurality of elements having a sheet metal core between rubber surfaces vulcanized to each side thereof.
  • the rubber has an undulated surface of alternate hills and valleys which extend in one direction across the element. The rubber of the hills displaces into the adjacent valleys under compression until the valleys are filled at which point the rubber surface acts substantially as a solid rubber block. Further compression often results in rupture of the rubber.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional side elevation of an embodiment of the draft gear provided by the inventron;
  • FIG. 2 is a plan section taken along the line 2-2 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-section taken along the line 3-3 of FIG. 1; partially broken away to illustrate the structure of the cushioning pad disposed in the draft gear pocket;
  • FIG. 4 is a longitudinal section through a cushion provided by the invention. 1
  • FIG. 5 is a side elevation partially in section, illustrating the embodiment of FIG. 1 compressed under buff.
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view, partially in section, illustrating the embodiment of FIG. 1 compressed under draft.
  • a draft gear 10 has a yoke 11 with pocket 15.
  • a front follower 12 just behind the butt 13 of a coupler shank I4 is disposed in pocket 15.
  • the draft gear 10 and the coupler are mounted in a center sill 16-16 of a railway vehicle.
  • the yoke 11 may be of conventional construction, the one illustrated in the drawing having rear end wall 17, top wall 18 and bottom wall 19terminating in wings 20 and 21, respectively.
  • Key 22 secures shank 14 of the coupler to wings 20 and 21.
  • the forward end of the coupler may be of any conventional construction such as that of a standard E or F type coupler so it is not illustrated.
  • a cushioning device is disposed in pocket 15. As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cushioning device may be divided into a forward draft cushion and a buffcushion separated by an intermediate follower block 27.
  • a rear plate 28 rests against rear end wall 17 and may have a U-shape with the legs of the U being parallel to top wall 18 and bottom wall 19.
  • a metal plate 29 is disposed against follower 12.
  • a pair of compressible cushions 30 and 31 separated by a metal disc 32 are disposed between plate 29 and intermediate plate 27.
  • a similar pair of compressible cushions 33 and 34 are disposed between intermediate plate 27 and rear plate 28 and are separated by disc 35.
  • An axial bore 36 extends longitudinally through plates 27, 28 and 29, discs 32 and and cushions 30, 31, 33 and 34.
  • Rod 37 has a head 38 in counter-sink pocket 39 of plate 29.
  • the shaft of rod 37 extends longitudinally through bore 36 and terminates in a threaded end having a nut 40 which secures the assembly of plates 27, 28, 29, discs 32 and 35 and cushions 30, 31, 33 and 34 against relative longitudinal separation but the units of the assembly can slide over the rod 37.
  • Liners 42 and 43 are secured to the inner sides of top and bottom walls 18 and 19 to reduce the cross-section of pocket 15 about the buff cushions 33 and 34.
  • each cushion 30, 31, 33 and 34 is composed of spaced metal sheets 44 carrying symmetrically oriented frusto-pyramidally shaped protuberances 45 on each face thereof.
  • An opening 46 is provided through sheet 44 at the base of each protu berance 45 so a protuberance 45 on one face of the sheet is integral with a protuberance 45 on the opposite face of the sheet 44.
  • the apices of opposing protuberances 45 of adjacent sheets abut each other.
  • Interstices 47 surround the protuberances 45.
  • Interstices 47 are filled with an elastomeric polyurethane foam 48. As shown in the drawing protuberances 45 are discrete with respect to each other in both directions.
  • a unitary pad or block may be formed by stacking sheets 44 carrying protuberances 45 in a suitable mold 49 and pouring or injecting a foamable polyurethane mixture into the mold about the stacked elements.
  • the liquid mixture will react and expand into the interstices.
  • Axial bore 36 may have been drilled through the elements prior to stacking to provide an opening for introduction of foamable reaction mixture. Bore 36 will become filled with foam during molding and may be removed by drilling to provide bore 36 for assembly of the cushioning device.
  • a covering layer 50 of foam may be left about the assembly to provide a smooth surfaced block.
  • the rubber coated elements of the cushions may be fabricated by molding rubber on the sheets 44 and vulcanizing by conventional processes. Spaced perforations are provided in the sheet equal in number to the number of protuberances to be carried on each side of the sheet.
  • the sheet is preferably metal, such as molybdenum steel or the like but it may also be a rigid plastic.
  • the elastomer may be natural rubber, synthetic rubber or an elastomeric synthetic resin such as a non-porous polyurethane but butyl rubber is preferred.
  • it is preferred that the edge between the sides of the frustopyramidal protuberances be slightly curved or rounded so that sharp edges are avoided. In this way the apex and base of each protuberance has curved or rounded corners.
  • the elastomer molded on the surface of the supporting sheet may have a density of from about 18 to about 125 pounds per cubic foot. It is preferred that the frusto-shaped protuberance join the rigid plate at an included angle of 5
  • the polyurethane foam used to fill the interstices between protuberances may be any suitable flexible, mi croporous polyurethane and may be prepared by the process disclosed in Polyurethanes: Chemistry and Technology by Saunders and Frisch, published by Interscience Publishers (1964), particularly Chapters V, VI and VII or by any other suitable known process.
  • the density of the polyurethane foam should be from about 18 to about 50 pounds per cubic foot.
  • One foam of the type contemplated by the invention is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 2,850,464.
  • the draft gear provided by the invention is illustrated in buff in FIG. 5 and in draft in FIG. 6.
  • coupler forces applied against front plae 29 by follower l2 compress all four cushions 30, 31, 33 and 34 and rod 37 moves towards the rear of the gear box.
  • the large shock forces associated with the humping of cars is absorbed by all four pads.
  • only the cushions 30 and 31 exert a backpressure against the coupler butt because cushions 33 and 34 are enclosed by liners 42 and 43 and exert a back-pressure only against intermediate plate 27.
  • the number of layers of sheets carrying frustoshaped protuberances may be varied depending upon the coupler forces anticipated but it has been found so far that the four cushions 30, 31, 33 and 34 each containing four sheets with butyl-rubber protuberances on each face and the interstices filled with polyurethane foam within the above density range provide the best results for the draft gear of railway vehicles commonly used by European railways.
  • the flexible foam between the protuberances not only tends to resist displacement of the rubber and rupture thereof but also because it has less tendency to compression set, the foam tends to restore the protuberances to their normal dimensions and shape after compressive forces are released.
  • Data obtained by compressing a pad like 30, 31, 33 and 34 is given in my copending application filed on the same date of this application and entitled Shock Absorber Ser. No. 295,539, filed Oct. 6, 1972, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference thereto.
  • a draft gear adapted to be operatively connected to a coupler and to be disposed in a center sill of a railway vehicle, said draft gear comprising a pocket and a cushioning means therein, means comprising a front follower for transmitting coupler forces to the cushioning means for absorption thereby, said cushioning means comprising a pair of compressible cushions disposed in end to end relationship in said pocket with a first cushion abutting the front follower and the second cushion adjacent to the rear end of the draft gear, a rigid plate between the two cushions, the cross-section of said pocket adjacent to the second cushion being less than the cross-section of the pocket adjacent to the first cushion and less than the cross-section of the rigid plate thereby providing a stop for the plate, each of said cushions comprising a plurality of face to face elements having a rigid sheet carrying on each face thereof symmetrically disposed frusto-shaped substantially nonporous elastomeric protuberances having their bases secured to the sheet and the apices of the protuberances carried by one sheet
  • each of said cushions is separated into two end to end parts by a metal disc spacer.
  • the draft gear of claim 4 wherein the rigid plate is metal, a metal plate is disposed beween each cushion and the adjacent follower, an axial bore extends through the plates and the cushions and a rod extends through the bore, said rod being adapted to slide in the bore upon compression and release of the cushioning means.
  • said cushioning means comprises four pads of face to face metal sheets carrying on each face thereof frusto-pyramidal shaped rubber protuberances, an intermediate meal plate separates the pads into buff and draft pairs, and a liner in the pocket about the buff pads reduces the crosssection to less than the cross-section of the intermediate plate whereby expansion of compressed buff pads exerts a back pressure only against the intermediate plate and back pressure against the coupler shaft is only exerted by the draft pads.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)
US00295540A 1972-10-06 1972-10-06 Draft gear Expired - Lifetime US3838778A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00295540A US3838778A (en) 1972-10-06 1972-10-06 Draft gear
CA170,109A CA973514A (en) 1972-10-06 1973-04-30 Draft gear
GB2034173A GB1401166A (en) 1972-10-06 1973-04-30 Combined buff and draft gear
AU55156/73A AU450624B2 (en) 1972-10-06 1973-05-03 "draft gear"
JP48060993A JPS4971615A (show.php) 1972-10-06 1973-06-01

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00295540A US3838778A (en) 1972-10-06 1972-10-06 Draft gear

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3838778A true US3838778A (en) 1974-10-01

Family

ID=23138142

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00295540A Expired - Lifetime US3838778A (en) 1972-10-06 1972-10-06 Draft gear

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3838778A (show.php)
JP (1) JPS4971615A (show.php)
AU (1) AU450624B2 (show.php)
CA (1) CA973514A (show.php)
GB (1) GB1401166A (show.php)

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4515387A (en) * 1983-03-25 1985-05-07 Schuck Howard L Hitch with swiveling tongue
US4746138A (en) * 1987-08-24 1988-05-24 James Loyal W Trailer hitch assemblies
US4817978A (en) * 1987-08-24 1989-04-04 James Loyal W Trailer hitch assemblies
US6581953B2 (en) * 2001-08-09 2003-06-24 Smith R. Jerry Trailer hitch assembly and method for connecting a tractor vehicle and a trailer vehicle with force dampening capabilities
US20040227378A1 (en) * 2001-04-20 2004-11-18 Makoto Taguchi Collision energy absorbing structure of vehicle
CN102678805A (zh) * 2012-05-31 2012-09-19 中南大学 一种隔板插销式串联多孔固体元件的撞击吸能装置
CN102691742A (zh) * 2012-05-31 2012-09-26 中南大学 一种隔板啮合式串联多孔固体元件的撞击吸能装置
CN102689638A (zh) * 2012-05-31 2012-09-26 中南大学 一种隔板套筒式串联多孔固体元件的撞击吸能装置
CN102691741A (zh) * 2012-05-31 2012-09-26 中南大学 一种隔板导轨式串联多孔固体元件的撞击吸能装置
US20160052530A1 (en) * 2014-08-25 2016-02-25 Miner Enterprises, Inc. Railcar draft gear assembly
CN105673772A (zh) * 2015-12-30 2016-06-15 深圳市乾行达科技有限公司 一种大行程吸能装置
CN106494450A (zh) * 2016-12-26 2017-03-15 深圳市乾行达科技有限公司 一种可快速维护的吸能装置
US9707981B2 (en) 2013-10-25 2017-07-18 Crrc Qiqihar Rolling Stock Co., Ltd. Dalian Research & Development Center Car-coupler buffer and rail way car
CN108290586A (zh) * 2015-10-30 2018-07-17 德尔纳库普勒斯股份公司 能量吸收紧固件和枢轴锚和车厢
US20190144015A1 (en) * 2017-11-16 2019-05-16 Strato, Inc. Cushioning apparatus for a railway car
US20190144014A1 (en) * 2017-11-16 2019-05-16 Strato, Inc. Selective cushioning apparatus assembly
US11117600B2 (en) 2018-11-30 2021-09-14 Strato, Inc. Hybrid cushioning apparatus with draft gear
US11142228B2 (en) * 2019-01-17 2021-10-12 Strato, Inc. Cushioning unit with reduced tail yoke
US11584404B2 (en) 2020-01-28 2023-02-21 Strato, Inc. Selective cushion unit yoke with integral draft gear housing

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2640603A (en) * 1950-03-18 1953-06-02 Nat Malleable & Steel Castings Cushioning mechanism for railway vehicles
US2720319A (en) * 1951-04-30 1955-10-11 Cardwell Westinghouse Co Cushions for draft gears
US2880885A (en) * 1955-04-01 1959-04-07 Nat Malleable & Steel Castings Cushioning device
US2907474A (en) * 1957-01-23 1959-10-06 Cardwell Westinghouse Co Rubber draft gear
US3025974A (en) * 1960-02-02 1962-03-20 Cardwell Westinghouse Co Rubber draft gear
US3606295A (en) * 1968-11-12 1971-09-20 Unilan Ag Shock absorber

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2640603A (en) * 1950-03-18 1953-06-02 Nat Malleable & Steel Castings Cushioning mechanism for railway vehicles
US2720319A (en) * 1951-04-30 1955-10-11 Cardwell Westinghouse Co Cushions for draft gears
US2880885A (en) * 1955-04-01 1959-04-07 Nat Malleable & Steel Castings Cushioning device
US2907474A (en) * 1957-01-23 1959-10-06 Cardwell Westinghouse Co Rubber draft gear
US3025974A (en) * 1960-02-02 1962-03-20 Cardwell Westinghouse Co Rubber draft gear
US3606295A (en) * 1968-11-12 1971-09-20 Unilan Ag Shock absorber

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4515387A (en) * 1983-03-25 1985-05-07 Schuck Howard L Hitch with swiveling tongue
US4746138A (en) * 1987-08-24 1988-05-24 James Loyal W Trailer hitch assemblies
US4817978A (en) * 1987-08-24 1989-04-04 James Loyal W Trailer hitch assemblies
US20040227378A1 (en) * 2001-04-20 2004-11-18 Makoto Taguchi Collision energy absorbing structure of vehicle
US6951176B2 (en) * 2001-04-20 2005-10-04 Kawaski Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Collision energy absorbing structure of vehicle
US6581953B2 (en) * 2001-08-09 2003-06-24 Smith R. Jerry Trailer hitch assembly and method for connecting a tractor vehicle and a trailer vehicle with force dampening capabilities
CN102689638A (zh) * 2012-05-31 2012-09-26 中南大学 一种隔板套筒式串联多孔固体元件的撞击吸能装置
CN102691742A (zh) * 2012-05-31 2012-09-26 中南大学 一种隔板啮合式串联多孔固体元件的撞击吸能装置
CN102691741A (zh) * 2012-05-31 2012-09-26 中南大学 一种隔板导轨式串联多孔固体元件的撞击吸能装置
CN102678805B (zh) * 2012-05-31 2014-04-02 中南大学 一种隔板插销式串联多孔固体元件的撞击吸能装置
CN102691742B (zh) * 2012-05-31 2014-09-24 中南大学 一种隔板啮合式串联多孔固体元件的撞击吸能装置
CN102689638B (zh) * 2012-05-31 2015-01-21 中南大学 一种隔板套筒式串联多孔固体元件的撞击吸能装置
CN102678805A (zh) * 2012-05-31 2012-09-19 中南大学 一种隔板插销式串联多孔固体元件的撞击吸能装置
US9707981B2 (en) 2013-10-25 2017-07-18 Crrc Qiqihar Rolling Stock Co., Ltd. Dalian Research & Development Center Car-coupler buffer and rail way car
US20160052530A1 (en) * 2014-08-25 2016-02-25 Miner Enterprises, Inc. Railcar draft gear assembly
US9789888B2 (en) * 2014-08-25 2017-10-17 Miner Enterprises, Inc. Railcar draft gear assembly
US10328957B2 (en) * 2014-08-25 2019-06-25 Miner Enterprises, Inc. Railcar draft gear assembly
CN108290586A (zh) * 2015-10-30 2018-07-17 德尔纳库普勒斯股份公司 能量吸收紧固件和枢轴锚和车厢
US10960906B2 (en) 2015-10-30 2021-03-30 Dellner Couplers Ab Energy absorbing fastener and pivot anchor and car
CN105673772A (zh) * 2015-12-30 2016-06-15 深圳市乾行达科技有限公司 一种大行程吸能装置
CN105673772B (zh) * 2015-12-30 2018-06-22 深圳市乾行达科技有限公司 一种大行程吸能装置
CN106494450A (zh) * 2016-12-26 2017-03-15 深圳市乾行达科技有限公司 一种可快速维护的吸能装置
US20190144015A1 (en) * 2017-11-16 2019-05-16 Strato, Inc. Cushioning apparatus for a railway car
US20190144014A1 (en) * 2017-11-16 2019-05-16 Strato, Inc. Selective cushioning apparatus assembly
WO2019099675A1 (en) * 2017-11-16 2019-05-23 Strato, Inc. Selective cushioning apparatus for a railway car
US10308263B1 (en) * 2017-11-16 2019-06-04 Strato, Inc. Cushioning apparatus for a railway car
US10513275B2 (en) * 2017-11-16 2019-12-24 Strato, Inc. Selective cushioning apparatus assembly
US11117600B2 (en) 2018-11-30 2021-09-14 Strato, Inc. Hybrid cushioning apparatus with draft gear
US11142228B2 (en) * 2019-01-17 2021-10-12 Strato, Inc. Cushioning unit with reduced tail yoke
US12162521B2 (en) 2019-01-17 2024-12-10 Strato, Inc. Cushioning unit with reduced tail yoke
US11584404B2 (en) 2020-01-28 2023-02-21 Strato, Inc. Selective cushion unit yoke with integral draft gear housing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5515673A (en) 1974-07-18
JPS4971615A (show.php) 1974-07-11
AU450624B2 (en) 1974-07-18
GB1401166A (en) 1975-07-16
CA973514A (en) 1975-08-26

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