US3835907A - Pneumatic tires - Google Patents

Pneumatic tires Download PDF

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Publication number
US3835907A
US3835907A US00184928A US18492871A US3835907A US 3835907 A US3835907 A US 3835907A US 00184928 A US00184928 A US 00184928A US 18492871 A US18492871 A US 18492871A US 3835907 A US3835907 A US 3835907A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
tire
groove
reinforcement
rubber
sidewall
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00184928A
Inventor
A Bishton
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Dunlop Co Ltd
Dunlop Ltd
Original Assignee
Dunlop Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to GB33012/68A priority Critical patent/GB1275737A/en
Priority to LU59046D priority patent/LU59046A1/xx
Priority to BE735876D priority patent/BE735876A/xx
Priority to FR6923511A priority patent/FR2012753A1/fr
Priority to NL6910680A priority patent/NL6910680A/xx
Priority to DE19691935370 priority patent/DE1935370A1/en
Application filed by Dunlop Co Ltd filed Critical Dunlop Co Ltd
Priority to US00184928A priority patent/US3835907A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3835907A publication Critical patent/US3835907A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C9/00Reinforcements or ply arrangement of pneumatic tyres
    • B60C9/02Carcasses
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C13/00Tyre sidewalls; Protecting, decorating, marking, or the like, thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C5/00Inflatable pneumatic tyres or inner tubes
    • B60C5/12Inflatable pneumatic tyres or inner tubes without separate inflatable inserts, e.g. tubeless tyres with transverse section open to the rim
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C5/00Inflatable pneumatic tyres or inner tubes
    • B60C5/12Inflatable pneumatic tyres or inner tubes without separate inflatable inserts, e.g. tubeless tyres with transverse section open to the rim
    • B60C5/14Inflatable pneumatic tyres or inner tubes without separate inflatable inserts, e.g. tubeless tyres with transverse section open to the rim with impervious liner or coating on the inner wall of the tyre
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C2200/00Tyres specially adapted for particular applications
    • B60C2200/02Tyres specially adapted for particular applications for aircrafts
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T152/00Resilient tires and wheels
    • Y10T152/10Tires, resilient
    • Y10T152/10495Pneumatic tire or inner tube

Definitions

  • This invention relates to pneumatic tires and particularly to tubeless pneumatic tires.
  • tubeless tires are prone to the danger of seepage of inflationary air into the body of the carcass and along the reinforcing cords, the fault manifesting itself, particularly in the case of tires subject to very high inflation pressure, e.g. 200 to 300 pounds per square inch, and possibly to high temperature usage and high speed operation, in the formation on the sidewall of the tire of large blisters separating the sidewall rubber from the carcass reinforcing cords. Not only are these blisters unsightly but they can affect the performance of the tire.
  • a tubeless tire having a reinforcement of cords wherein each sidewall of bead region or both regions is or are provided with a substantially continuous circumferential groove in the exterior rubber thereof, so that a portion of rubber of substantially reduced thickness is provided at the base of the groove between it and the cords of the tire reinforcement, a plurality of penetrations in the groove base leading to and terminating at or amongst the said cords being provided whereby tire inflationary air which may be caused to seep into the said cords is enabled to escape preferably through the said penetrations.
  • the groove may, with advantage, be located on the sidewall closely adjacent to the radially outermost cord ends of a chafer strip which may be provided in the tire bead region.
  • the groove is located in a region of minimum sidewall rubber thickness and may be about 5 mm wide; preferably also the thickness of the rubber between the base of the groove and the outermost cord of the tire reinforcement is not greater than 1 mm., 1/2 mm. or less having been found to be most satisfactory.
  • circumferential grooves may be provided and while these grooves preferably are continuous they may not be continuous i.e. there may be a series of interrupted lengths; the amount of thicker rubber between the interrupted lengths should not be such as to enable blisters to form in the thicker rubber rather than in the comparatively thinner rubber at the base of the circumferential groove lengths.
  • the grooves can be formed either by moulding at the time of moulding the tire or subsequent thereto, rubber being removed from the sidewall by use of an appropriate tool.
  • the groove when viewed in crosssection, should have a curved shape so that the tendency to develop high stress, and thus cracking, in the rubber adjacent to the groove by the provision of sharp corners is reduced and the tendency to localize flexing at or in the region of the groove is reduced.
  • the penetrations provided in the base of the groove may be formed during moulding or subsequent thereto, the penetrations being effected, e.g., by means of clean round smooth pins which are sharply pointed to create a penetration which has only a small tendency to cause tearing of the rubber at or between penetrations; the penetrations should extend into the core reinforcement preferably to a depth of two or three layers in the case of a multiple ply reinforced tire such as an aircraft tire. If the thickness of rubber at the base of the groove is in the region of one-half mm., a pin, which penetrates to its full depth, having a length of 2 or 3 mm. has been found to be effective. A pitch of 10 to 12 mm. between successive penetrations has been found to be satisfactory.
  • FIG. 1 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a tyre according to the embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a tyre according to a modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of one of the sidewall grooves shown in FIG. 1 or 2 on an enlarged scale.
  • An aircraft tire comprising a conventional tread 2, a casing 3 comprising textile cords 4, an inner liner 5, and bead regions 6 is provided with a continuous groove 7, in the rubber of each sidewall 8 in its region where this rubber is the thinnest, this region being relatively closely adjacent to the radially outermost ends of the chafer cords 9, the groove 7 being of a depth such that only one-half mm. of rubber remains between the base 10 of the groove 7 and the outermost surface of the underlying reinforcing cords 4.
  • the groove width is 5 mm. its cross-section being arcuate in shape, no sharp corners being provided in the concave or convex portions of the cross-section so as to avoid localize stress concentration.
  • a plurality of penetrating holes 11 are provided in the groove base to a depth of 3 mm. i.e. as to penetrate 2-3 layers of casing cords 4 and at a pitch of 10 mm.
  • the tire was inflated to over 300 pounds per square inch and was tested on a machine to the very high speed for which the tire was designed on simulated take-off and landing conditions, i.e., to a speed of over 200 mph.
  • a tubeless tire having a reinforcement of rubberized cords wherein the improvement comprises the provision of at least one substantially continuous annular groove in the exterior rubber of the region of the tire located radially inward of the tire shoulder, said groove extending inwardly to approximately the reinforcement cords leaving only a portion of rubber of substantially reduced thickness to provide a very thin base for the groove between it and the said cords, and a plurality of minute penetrations annularly arranged around the tire in the thin groove base which lead to and terminate within the reinforcement, whereby any air accumulating in pockets within the reinforcement is permitted to readily escape and large accumulations of air in localized areas of the reinforcement such as may cause injurious blisters on the tire are avoided.
  • a tubeless tire according to claim 1 wherein to pitch between successive penetrations is approximately lOl2 mm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)
  • Tyre Moulding (AREA)

Abstract

A tubeless tire, especially for an aircraft provided with venting means in the sidewall and/or bead regions comprising one or more substantially continuous circumferential grooves of a depth so as to leave only a thin layer of thickness 1mm, or less of rubber externally of the reinforcing cords of the tire, each groove being provided with a plurality of penetrations each of a depth of about 2-3 cords.

Description

United States Patent lBishton Sept. 17, 1974 PNEUMATIC TIRES [56] References Cited [75] Inventor: Albert A. Bishton, Birmingham, UNITED STATES PATENTS England 2,007,825 7/1935 Day 152 153 [73] Assignee: The Dunlop Company Limited,
London, E gl d Primary Examiner-James B. Marbert Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Stevens, Davis, Miller & [22] Filed: Sept. 29, 1971 Mosher [21] App]. No.: 184,928
Related US. Application Data [57] ABSTRACT [63] Continuation of S 3375 3 Ju 30 9 9 A tubeless tire, especially for an aircraft provided with abandoned. venting means in the sidewall and/or bead regions comprising one or more substantially continuous cir- [30] Foreign Application Priority Data cumferential grooves of a depth so as to leave only a July 11, 1968 Great Britain 33012/68 thin layer of thickness 1mm, of less of rubber externally of the reinforcing cords of the tire, each groove 52 us. 01. 152/153, 152/330 being p evis d it p y a ity penetrations each of 51 Int. Cl. B600 19/06 a depth of about cords- [58] Field of Search 152/153, 353, 354, 330
7 Claims, 3 Drawing Figures PNEUMATIC TIRES This application is a continuation of US. application Ser. No. 837,588 filed June 30, 1969, now abandoned.
This invention relates to pneumatic tires and particularly to tubeless pneumatic tires.
It is well-known that tubeless tires are prone to the danger of seepage of inflationary air into the body of the carcass and along the reinforcing cords, the fault manifesting itself, particularly in the case of tires subject to very high inflation pressure, e.g. 200 to 300 pounds per square inch, and possibly to high temperature usage and high speed operation, in the formation on the sidewall of the tire of large blisters separating the sidewall rubber from the carcass reinforcing cords. Not only are these blisters unsightly but they can affect the performance of the tire. In the case of aircraft tires, where the clearance between the tire and wheel and the housing provided in the aircraft into which the tyre wheel is retracted usually is very small, a large blister is sufficient to prevent either retraction or subsequent lowering of the tire and wheel. Moreover the danger of the formation of blisters is increased under high temperature operation whether caused by ambient conditions or by tire performance.
It is an object of the present invention to reduce or eliminate the above-mentioned difficulties.
According to the invention there is provided a tubeless tire having a reinforcement of cords wherein each sidewall of bead region or both regions is or are provided with a substantially continuous circumferential groove in the exterior rubber thereof, so that a portion of rubber of substantially reduced thickness is provided at the base of the groove between it and the cords of the tire reinforcement, a plurality of penetrations in the groove base leading to and terminating at or amongst the said cords being provided whereby tire inflationary air which may be caused to seep into the said cords is enabled to escape preferably through the said penetrations.
The groove may, with advantage, be located on the sidewall closely adjacent to the radially outermost cord ends of a chafer strip which may be provided in the tire bead region. Preferably, the groove is located in a region of minimum sidewall rubber thickness and may be about 5 mm wide; preferably also the thickness of the rubber between the base of the groove and the outermost cord of the tire reinforcement is not greater than 1 mm., 1/2 mm. or less having been found to be most satisfactory.
lt will be appreciated that more than one circumferential groove may be provided and while these grooves preferably are continuous they may not be continuous i.e. there may be a series of interrupted lengths; the amount of thicker rubber between the interrupted lengths should not be such as to enable blisters to form in the thicker rubber rather than in the comparatively thinner rubber at the base of the circumferential groove lengths.
The grooves can be formed either by moulding at the time of moulding the tire or subsequent thereto, rubber being removed from the sidewall by use of an appropriate tool. Preferably the groove, when viewed in crosssection, should have a curved shape so that the tendency to develop high stress, and thus cracking, in the rubber adjacent to the groove by the provision of sharp corners is reduced and the tendency to localize flexing at or in the region of the groove is reduced.
Again, the penetrations provided in the base of the groove may be formed during moulding or subsequent thereto, the penetrations being effected, e.g., by means of clean round smooth pins which are sharply pointed to create a penetration which has only a small tendency to cause tearing of the rubber at or between penetrations; the penetrations should extend into the core reinforcement preferably to a depth of two or three layers in the case of a multiple ply reinforced tire such as an aircraft tire. If the thickness of rubber at the base of the groove is in the region of one-half mm., a pin, which penetrates to its full depth, having a length of 2 or 3 mm. has been found to be effective. A pitch of 10 to 12 mm. between successive penetrations has been found to be satisfactory.
One embodiment of the invention will now be described only by way of example with references to the accompanying drawings of which;
FIG. 1 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a tyre according to the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 shows a partial cross-sectional view of a tyre according to a modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of one of the sidewall grooves shown in FIG. 1 or 2 on an enlarged scale.
An aircraft tire comprising a conventional tread 2, a casing 3 comprising textile cords 4, an inner liner 5, and bead regions 6 is provided with a continuous groove 7, in the rubber of each sidewall 8 in its region where this rubber is the thinnest, this region being relatively closely adjacent to the radially outermost ends of the chafer cords 9, the groove 7 being of a depth such that only one-half mm. of rubber remains between the base 10 of the groove 7 and the outermost surface of the underlying reinforcing cords 4.
The groove width is 5 mm. its cross-section being arcuate in shape, no sharp corners being provided in the concave or convex portions of the cross-section so as to avoid localize stress concentration. A plurality of penetrating holes 11 are provided in the groove base to a depth of 3 mm. i.e. as to penetrate 2-3 layers of casing cords 4 and at a pitch of 10 mm.
The tire was inflated to over 300 pounds per square inch and was tested on a machine to the very high speed for which the tire was designed on simulated take-off and landing conditions, i.e., to a speed of over 200 mph.
On account of the extremely high inflation pressure and high temperatures developed during the test some of the inflationary air was caused to seep into the casing 3 but no blisters whatsoever were formed outside the confines of the groove 7, small blisters being formed within the groove 7 in the region of the penetrations and the air forming the blister was quickly caused to be released by the penetrations 11 provided in the groove base. No looseness between sidewall rubber and the external layer of reinforcing cords was created outside the confines of the grooves.
While the embodiment just described relates to a tire having one groove 7 only in each sidewall 8 of the tire I, as a modification two or more grooves may be provided in each sidewall in instances where this is found to be desirable. A tire having two grooves in each sidewall is illustrated in FIG. 2.
The advantages of the present invention will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art particularly in applications such as are not required and as are envisaged for the future where, in the case of aircraft tires, e.g., those for military aircraft, extremely high skin temperatures are created on the aircraft fuselage by air friction at supersonic speeds which have the effect of heating up the tire in its compartment prior to landing so that the tire already is caused to reach a very high temperature even before the further increase of temperature which undoubtedly would be caused by the landing operation.
Having now described my invention what I claim is:
1. A tubeless tire having a reinforcement of rubberized cords wherein the improvement comprises the provision of at least one substantially continuous annular groove in the exterior rubber of the region of the tire located radially inward of the tire shoulder, said groove extending inwardly to approximately the reinforcement cords leaving only a portion of rubber of substantially reduced thickness to provide a very thin base for the groove between it and the said cords, and a plurality of minute penetrations annularly arranged around the tire in the thin groove base which lead to and terminate within the reinforcement, whereby any air accumulating in pockets within the reinforcement is permitted to readily escape and large accumulations of air in localized areas of the reinforcement such as may cause injurious blisters on the tire are avoided.
2. A tubeless tire according to claim 1 wherein the groove is located in the sidewall closely adjacent the radially outermost cord ends of a chafer strip provided in the tire bead region.
3. A tubeless tire according to claim 1 wherein the groove is located on the sidewall in a region of minimum sidewall rubber thickness, the sidewall thickness immediately adjacent the groove being no thicker than the rub ber elsewhere in the sidewall.
4. A tubeless tire according to claim 1 wherein the thickness of rubber between the base of the groove and the outermost cord of the tire reinforcement is not greater than 1 mm.
5. A tubeless tire according to claim 1 wherein the thickness of rubber between the base of the groove and the outermost cord of the tire reinforcement is not greater than one-half mm.
6. A tubeless tire according to claim 1 wherein the penetrations extend through the cord reinforcement to a depth of two to three layers of cord.
7. A tubeless tire according to claim 1 wherein to pitch between successive penetrations is approximately lOl2 mm.

Claims (7)

1. A tubeless tire having a reinforcement of rubberized cords wherein the improvement comprises the provision of at least one substantially continuous annular groove in the exterior rubber of the region of the tire located radially inward of the tire shoulder, said groove extending inwardly to approximately the reinforcement cords leaving only a portion of rubber of substantially reduced thickness to provide a very thin base for the groove between it and the said cords, and a plurality of minute penetrations annularly arranged around the tire in the thin groove base which lead to and terminate within the reinforcement, whereby any air accumulating in pockets within the reinforcement is permitted to readily escape and large accumulations of air in localized areas of the reinforcement such as may cause injurious blisters on the tire are avoided.
2. A tubeless tire according to claim 1 wherein the groove is located in the sidewall closely adjacent the radially outermost cord ends of a chafer strip provided in the tire bead region.
3. A tubeless tire according to claim 1 wherein the groove is located on the sidewall in a region of minimum sidewall rubber thickness, the sidewall thickness immediately adjacent the groove being no thicker than the rubber elsewhere in the sidewall.
4. A tubeless tyre according to claim 1 wherein the thickness of rubber between the base of the groove and the outermost cord of the tire reinforcement is not greater than 1 mm.
5. A tubeless tire according to claim 1 wherein the thickness of rubber between the base of the groove and the outermost cord of the tire reinforcement is not greater than one-half mm.
6. A tubeless tire according to claim 1 wherein the penetrations extend through the cord reinforcement to a depth of two to three layers of cord.
7. A tubeless tire according to claim 1 wherein to pitch between successive penetrations is approximately 10-12 mm.
US00184928A 1968-07-11 1971-09-29 Pneumatic tires Expired - Lifetime US3835907A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB33012/68A GB1275737A (en) 1968-07-11 1968-07-11 Improvements in or relating to pneumatic tyres
LU59046D LU59046A1 (en) 1968-07-11 1969-07-07
BE735876D BE735876A (en) 1968-07-11 1969-07-09
FR6923511A FR2012753A1 (en) 1968-07-11 1969-07-10
NL6910680A NL6910680A (en) 1968-07-11 1969-07-11
DE19691935370 DE1935370A1 (en) 1968-07-11 1969-07-11 tire
US00184928A US3835907A (en) 1968-07-11 1971-09-29 Pneumatic tires

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB33012/68A GB1275737A (en) 1968-07-11 1968-07-11 Improvements in or relating to pneumatic tyres
US83758869A 1969-06-30 1969-06-30
US00184928A US3835907A (en) 1968-07-11 1971-09-29 Pneumatic tires

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3835907A true US3835907A (en) 1974-09-17

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00184928A Expired - Lifetime US3835907A (en) 1968-07-11 1971-09-29 Pneumatic tires

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US (1) US3835907A (en)
BE (1) BE735876A (en)
DE (1) DE1935370A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2012753A1 (en)
GB (1) GB1275737A (en)
LU (1) LU59046A1 (en)
NL (1) NL6910680A (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2402540A1 (en) * 1977-09-07 1979-04-06 Bridgestone Tire Co Ltd ROBUST PNEUMATIC BANDAGE FOR ALL TERRAIN UTILITY VEHICLES
US4947913A (en) * 1988-08-29 1990-08-14 The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. Pneumatic radial tire profile
US5230414A (en) * 1992-07-21 1993-07-27 Eaton Corporation Coupling assembly component
JP2012214171A (en) * 2011-04-01 2012-11-08 Bridgestone Corp Pneumatic tire for aircraft
US20140041780A1 (en) * 2006-01-20 2014-02-13 The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. Pneumatic tire
EP3037283A3 (en) * 2014-12-22 2016-07-13 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Aircraft tire with concave sidewall

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3406007A1 (en) * 1984-02-20 1985-08-22 Continental Gummi-Werke Ag, 3000 Hannover Vehicle wheel
JP2887172B2 (en) * 1990-12-19 1999-04-26 株式会社ブリヂストン Pneumatic tire

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2007825A (en) * 1931-09-04 1935-07-09 Wingfoot Corp Vented rubber article

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2007825A (en) * 1931-09-04 1935-07-09 Wingfoot Corp Vented rubber article

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2402540A1 (en) * 1977-09-07 1979-04-06 Bridgestone Tire Co Ltd ROBUST PNEUMATIC BANDAGE FOR ALL TERRAIN UTILITY VEHICLES
US4947913A (en) * 1988-08-29 1990-08-14 The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. Pneumatic radial tire profile
US5230414A (en) * 1992-07-21 1993-07-27 Eaton Corporation Coupling assembly component
US20140041780A1 (en) * 2006-01-20 2014-02-13 The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. Pneumatic tire
US9821605B2 (en) * 2006-01-20 2017-11-21 The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. Pneumatic tire with cord layer extending close to tire outer surface
JP2012214171A (en) * 2011-04-01 2012-11-08 Bridgestone Corp Pneumatic tire for aircraft
EP3037283A3 (en) * 2014-12-22 2016-07-13 The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Aircraft tire with concave sidewall

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL6910680A (en) 1970-01-13
BE735876A (en) 1969-12-16
LU59046A1 (en) 1969-11-18
DE1935370A1 (en) 1970-01-22
GB1275737A (en) 1972-05-24
FR2012753A1 (en) 1970-03-20

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