US3833976A - Process for texturing yarn by gear crimping - Google Patents

Process for texturing yarn by gear crimping Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3833976A
US3833976A US00316744A US31674472A US3833976A US 3833976 A US3833976 A US 3833976A US 00316744 A US00316744 A US 00316744A US 31674472 A US31674472 A US 31674472A US 3833976 A US3833976 A US 3833976A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
yarn
crimping
gears
gear
nip
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00316744A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
S Cochran
M Johnson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EIDP Inc
Original Assignee
EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co filed Critical EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority to US00316744A priority Critical patent/US3833976A/en
Priority to JP48140442A priority patent/JPS4987846A/ja
Priority to CA188,409A priority patent/CA972941A/en
Priority to AR251607A priority patent/AR201842A1/es
Priority to GB5876573A priority patent/GB1449288A/en
Priority to FR7345440A priority patent/FR2221549A1/fr
Priority to NL737317419A priority patent/NL151454B/xx
Priority to DE19732363653 priority patent/DE2363653C3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3833976A publication Critical patent/US3833976A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/14—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics using grooved rollers or gear-wheel-type members

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A continuous process for imparting crimp to synthetic yarn includes the steps of drawing the yarn, heating the drawn yarn, then passing the yarn through the nip of a pair of crimper gears.
  • An essential feature of the process is operation of the crimper gears to avoid further drawing of the yarn in the nip of or upstream of the gears.
  • Gear crimping as a means for texturing synthetic yarns is old in the textile 'art.
  • the utility of gear crimped yarns is not restricted to any one use, but gear crimped monofilaments are especially useful in the backbar of crepe tricot fabrics.
  • a commercially attractive gear crimping process should operate at yarn speeds exceeding 500 yd./min. and preferably is carried out on modified existing yarn handling equipment, e. g., drawtwisters to provide a continuous process performing both drawing and crimping which results in superior crimp.
  • C. M. Rice in US. Pat. No. 3,256,134 describes a crimping process said to be operable at speeds up to 1,000 yd./min. or more.
  • cold drawing and gear crimping occur in one continuous process but occur in separate zones. It is essential that the gears be oriented and operated such that no cold drawing of the yarn occurs either in the nip of the gears or in the immediate upstream zone thereof. Stated differently, the crosssectional area of crimped yarn exiting the gears should always be at least as large as that of drawn and heated yarn entering the gears.
  • the invention involves a continuous process for crimping an undrawn synthetic yarn including the steps of drawing the yarn in a first zone, heating the drawn yarn to a heat setting temperature, crimping the yarn in a second zone separate from said first zone by passing the heated yarn through the nip between interdigitating driven gears with the total change of direction of the yarn between the gears being less than 20 radians and without further drawing the yarn in the crimping step and forwarding the yarn while cooling it from said second zone at low tension to a col lecting, location.
  • FIG. 1 schematically represents the process of this invention being carried out on a modified drawtwister.
  • FIG. 2 is an alternative arrangement of FIG. 1 using a particularly preferred type of yarn heater.
  • FIG. 3 is a drawing copied from a photograph of the gear crimping step and taken while the process is temporarily stopped.
  • FIG. 4 shows in magnified scale a typical 25 denier gear crimped nylon monofilament after relaxed steam-
  • FIG. 5 shows aligned profiles of the crimping and driving sections of a preferred gear tooth.
  • FIG. 6 shows a pair of 2 section crimping gears particularly suitable for use in crimping according to this invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a view of gear 70 taken at 7-7 of FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 8 is a view of gear 72 taken at 8-8 of FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 1 the process of this invention is being carried out on one position of a modified drawtwister.
  • Cold drawable synthetic filament yarn 10 is withdrawn from its spin bobbin 12 via guide 38 and traverse guide 40 to and through the nip between cott roll 16 and driven feed roll 14.
  • a stepped draw roll has major step 20 and minor step 26 (the associated separator roll has corresponding steps 22 and 28).
  • Passing via a draw pin 18 (for localizing the draw point) yarn 10 takes several wraps around draw roll 20 which, by being driven at a peripheral velocity greater than that of feed roll 14, causes yarn 10 to become fully drawn in a first zone, i.e., between feed roll 14 and draw roll 20.
  • Drawn yarn 50 is heated to a heat setting temperature on passage over hot plate 30 and immediately thereafter, via guides 32, passes once only through the nip between unheated driven interdigitating gears 34, i.e., a zone separate from the draw zone.
  • gears 34 are arranged and operated so that no further drawing of yarn 50 occurs either in the nip of gears 34 or upstream in the heating zone.
  • crimped yarn 52 passes via suitable guide 36 to several wraps around roll 26 and thence via pigtail guide 24 to packaging via a conventional ringand-traveler windup (not shown).
  • FIG. 2 The preferred process of FIG. 2 is entirely analagous to FIG. 1 with the exceptions that hot plate 30 is replaced with double helix hot wire heater 44 and that a safety shield 42 encloses gears 34. Ends 46 of heater 44 are attached (not shown) to a regulated supply of electricity (for safety, preferably of low voltage) whereby heater 44 raises yarn 50 to a heat setting temperature.
  • electricity for safety, preferably of low voltage
  • a typical heater 44 is of 40 mil diameter bare Nichrome wire (Nichrome is a registered trademark of the Driver-Harris Company for certain Ni-Cr alloy electrical resistance wires) doubled at the end 48 so that its two legs are helically wound together about a common axis to leave a uniform 12 mil diameter yarn passage along its axis and lateral spacing between adjacent coil portions of about the same 12 mil dimension.
  • Heater 44 is preferably positioned close to gears 34 to prevent appreciable cooling before crimping.
  • FIG. 3 is a drawing prepared from a photograph of a temporarily interrupted gear crimping operation according to this invention.
  • Fully drawn monofilament 50 enters the nip between intenneshing gears 34 and emerges as crimped yarn 52.
  • the gears 34 are driven by an extension 56 of one of the gear shafts.
  • a belt drive (not shown) to shaft 56 from the drive system of the drawtwister has the advantage that feeding, drawing and crimping rates are always in constant preselected ratios.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of a typical 25 denier monofilament gear crimped according to this invention and subsequently steamed with saturated atmospheric steam in relaxed condition.
  • zig-zag crimping is meant herein that the crimping displacements of yarn portions occur in a single plane through the longitudinal axis of the crimped yarn.
  • Any continuous filament yarns of synthetic polymeric thermoplastic material are suitable for crimping according to this invention providing only that they are not fully cold drawn as supplied.
  • Cold-drawn means that the yarn is elongated by applying tensions exceeding the yield point while the yarn is in its solid state. Thus, cold drawing does not preclude the application of heat so long as no melting occurs.
  • Yarns which have not previously been cold drawn at all are preferred in this invention. In any event, the yams should become fully drawn in the draw zone, i.e., they are drawn about as much as possible without introducing an undesirable frequency of draw breaks.
  • the double-helix hot wire heater 44 is the preferred means for raising the yarn to a heat setting temperature
  • the process of this invention is in no way limited to any particular means. Dry heat is preferred including, among other well-known devices hot plates, heated tubes, radiant ovens and the like. Heat setting temperatures are well known for commercially available polymeric substrates.
  • the yarn temperature leaving the heater should be at least about 135C. and up to about 200C.
  • the maximum yarn temperature should be at least as high as any anticipated in subsequent operations involving tension on the yarn before, during or after fabric construction. If the yarn is tensioned later at a higher temperature, some or all of the crimp will be removed.
  • cold drawing and gear crimping occur in one continuous process but occur in separate zones. It is essential that the gears be oriented and operated such that no cold drawing of the yarn occurs either in the nip of the gears or in the immediate upstream zone thereof. Stated differently, the cross-sectional area of crimped yarn 52 exiting the gears 34 should always be at least as large as that of I drawn and heated yarn 50 entering the gears and the latter should be at least as large as that of drawn yarn 50 immediately after leaving draw roll 20.
  • the extent of frictional contacts of the yarn within the nip must be restricted if drawing within the nip is to be avoided.
  • the size of each gear tooth is dictated within reasonably restricted limits, as is well understood, by the frequency and amplitude of the desired crimping.
  • the number of teeth simultaneously contacted in the nip is no more than 15, but slightly larger numbers can be accommodated if only small crimp amplitudes are to be provided.
  • yarn 52 may be wound up in any conventional fashion either visibly crimped in its package or tensioned so as to straighten the crimps. In either event, subsequent relaxed heat treatment (e.g., steaming) restores the originally imparted crimp.
  • subsequent relaxed heat treatment e.g., steaming
  • FIG. 5 shows a single gear tooth as viewed from the end with the crimping section of one of 2 identical gears.
  • the crimping portion of the tooth has the narrow pointed profile 58 while the drive section has the wider blunt profile 60.
  • the added width 62 of each drive tooth allows zero backlash operation of the driver sections while preventing maximum penetration of tooth 58 to the bottom of its opposite tooth space.
  • FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 present in greater detail another pair of crimping gears 70, 72 particularly suited to crimping according to this invention.
  • Gear 70 is preferably the driven gear, being mounted and driven via shaft 92.
  • Follower gear 72 is mounted for rotation via its shaft 90. Their axes are separated for clarity in FIG. 6, but in operation they are in fully intermeshing parallel engagement.
  • Gear 70 has crimping section 74 and drive section 76, preferably integral therewith, aligned on shaft 92.
  • FIG. 7 shown as indicated at 7-7 of FIG. 6 shows one complete gear tooth of the aligned sections of gear 70. All teeth in this instance have the same pitch diameter 86 and dedenda 102 and 104.
  • FIG. 8 shown as indicated at 8-8 of FIG. 6, shows one complete gear tooth of the aligned sections of gear 72.
  • the teeth of driver section 80 have blunt tips 100 and dedenda 108 formed at pitch diameter 84.
  • the teeth of crimping section 78 have pointed tips 98, roots 106 and pitch diameter 82 smaller than pitch diameter 84.
  • Pitch diameter 86 preferably matches pitch diameter 84.
  • Gear 72 has a recessed separation 88 between sections 78 and 80 to prevent running interference with what is otherwise a transition zone between the two.
  • the pair of identical crimping sections 74 and 78 used fits the following specifications: I
  • Drive section 76 of gear is identical to the crimping sections except that tooth tips 94 are turned to an outside diameter of 16.50 mm at 96.
  • Drive section of gear 72 has the same number of teeth precisely aligned angularly with the teeth of crimping section 78.
  • the teeth of drive section 80 are first contoured precisely like those of crimping section 78 but with corresponding points spaced radially outward by 0.31 mm. to provide an effective pitch diameter 84 of 16.49 mm.
  • drive section 80 is turned down to an outside diameter of 16.86 mm. to form blunt tips 100.
  • the intermeshing distance (or working depth) is 0.61 mm. measured along a line through the centers of both crimping sections as the overlap of 2 circles coincident with the 2 sets of tooth tips. This geometry provides a total change in direction of yarn passing through the nip of 17.1 radians.
  • a continuous process for crimping an undrawn synthetic yarn comprising: drawing said yarn in a first zone; heating the drawn yarn to a heat setting temperature; crimping the yarn in a second zone separate from said first zone by passing the heated yarn once through the nip between interdigitating driven gears without drawing the yarn by means of the crimping step; and forwarding the yarn from said second zone at low tension to a collecting location.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
US00316744A 1972-12-20 1972-12-20 Process for texturing yarn by gear crimping Expired - Lifetime US3833976A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00316744A US3833976A (en) 1972-12-20 1972-12-20 Process for texturing yarn by gear crimping
CA188,409A CA972941A (en) 1972-12-20 1973-12-18 Process for texturing yarn by gear crimping
JP48140442A JPS4987846A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-12-20 1973-12-18
GB5876573A GB1449288A (en) 1972-12-20 1973-12-19 Crimping yarn
AR251607A AR201842A1 (es) 1972-12-20 1973-12-19 Procedimiento de etapas sucesivas para producir un monofilamento sintetico, estirado y rizado, a velocidad elevada, y un aparato estirador y rizador por engranjes para llevar a cabo dicho procedimiento
FR7345440A FR2221549A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-12-20 1973-12-19
NL737317419A NL151454B (nl) 1972-12-20 1973-12-19 Werkwijze voor het met hoge snelheid strekken en kroezen van een draad, alsmede de gekroesde draad vervaardigd volgens deze werkwijze.
DE19732363653 DE2363653C3 (de) 1972-12-20 1973-12-20 Kontinuierliches Verfahren zum Verstrecken und Kräuseln eines unverstreckten, synthetischen, monofilen Garns und Zahnradkräuselungsvorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00316744A US3833976A (en) 1972-12-20 1972-12-20 Process for texturing yarn by gear crimping

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3833976A true US3833976A (en) 1974-09-10

Family

ID=23230465

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00316744A Expired - Lifetime US3833976A (en) 1972-12-20 1972-12-20 Process for texturing yarn by gear crimping

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3833976A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS4987846A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AR (1) AR201842A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA972941A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2221549A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1449288A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL151454B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3024517A (en) * 1959-05-18 1962-03-13 Chemstrand Corp Method of treating filament yarn
US3293843A (en) * 1963-02-02 1966-12-27 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Drawing and crimping synthetic polymer filaments
US3417446A (en) * 1965-11-16 1968-12-24 Ici Ltd Method and apparatus of gear crimp

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3024517A (en) * 1959-05-18 1962-03-13 Chemstrand Corp Method of treating filament yarn
US3293843A (en) * 1963-02-02 1966-12-27 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Drawing and crimping synthetic polymer filaments
US3417446A (en) * 1965-11-16 1968-12-24 Ici Ltd Method and apparatus of gear crimp

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2363653B2 (de) 1976-01-29
CA972941A (en) 1975-08-19
JPS4987846A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-08-22
DE2363653A1 (de) 1974-07-11
AR201842A1 (es) 1975-04-24
FR2221549A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-10-11
GB1449288A (en) 1976-09-15
NL151454B (nl) 1976-11-15
NL7317419A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-06-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3024517A (en) Method of treating filament yarn
US2974391A (en) Process and apparatus for making crimped filaments
US4152886A (en) Process for making yarn having alternate sections of greater and less bulk and product thereof
US2987869A (en) Yarn crimping apparatus and methods
US3376698A (en) Production of stretch or bulked textile yarns
US3177556A (en) Drawing and crimping of synthetic filaments and yarns
US3137911A (en) Apparatus for treating filament yarn
US3263298A (en) Production of intermittently textured yarn
US2974392A (en) Apparatus for crimping yarn
US3293843A (en) Drawing and crimping synthetic polymer filaments
US3041706A (en) Apparatus for processing cold-drawable textile filaments
US3256134A (en) Yarn treating process and product
US3831231A (en) Method for producing a yarn having latent bulking characteristics
US3024516A (en) Apparatus for treating filament yarn
US3478401A (en) Method and apparatus for treating textile yarn
US3454998A (en) Yarn treating apparatus and method
US3196602A (en) Crimping synthetic thermoplastic yarns
US3833976A (en) Process for texturing yarn by gear crimping
US3387349A (en) Differential feed roll crimper and method
US3241212A (en) Apparatus for crimping thermoplastic yarn
US4081948A (en) Manufacture of bulked yarn
US3425206A (en) Dyed intermittently textured yarn
US3234626A (en) Apparatus for hot and cold crimping of textile filaments
US3601872A (en) Manufacture of crimped yarns
US3553803A (en) Process and device for crimping and heat-setting of yarns made from synthetic linear high polymers