US3831562A - Surface gap spark plug and rotary engine combination - Google Patents

Surface gap spark plug and rotary engine combination Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3831562A
US3831562A US00375369A US37536973A US3831562A US 3831562 A US3831562 A US 3831562A US 00375369 A US00375369 A US 00375369A US 37536973 A US37536973 A US 37536973A US 3831562 A US3831562 A US 3831562A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
bore
housing
spark plug
plug
shell
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00375369A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
W Paxton
E Rishavy
J Currie
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Motors Liquidation Co
Original Assignee
Motors Liquidation Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Motors Liquidation Co filed Critical Motors Liquidation Co
Priority to US00375369A priority Critical patent/US3831562A/en
Priority to CA194,626A priority patent/CA996433A/en
Priority to GB2625074A priority patent/GB1436068A/en
Priority to DE2430933A priority patent/DE2430933A1/de
Priority to JP49075791A priority patent/JPS5036814A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3831562A publication Critical patent/US3831562A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B53/00—Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines
    • F02B53/12—Ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A surface gap type spark plug in combination with a rotary engine having an ignition opening in the housing inner surface, the opening being substantially entirely closed off by the firing end of the plug to substantially eliminate any blow-by or leakage gas as the apex seal wipes over the opening area, the reach of V the plug being precisely controlled to place the sparking surface of the plug at the housing inner surface with the spark substantially in the combustion chamber while precluding projection of the plug into the combustion space beyond the inner housing surface, the closing of the ignition opening at the housing inner surface serving also to preclude collection of lubricant.
  • each has presented cavities which serve as pockets enabling blow-by or leakage gas and accumulation of lubricant, each has used a soft metal or crushable gasket between matching flat, planar seating surfaces on the plug shell and housing to obtain a gas-tight seal therebetween thus preeluding precise location of the end of the plug at the inner surface of the housing, and each locates the sparking end 'of the plug a relatively substantial distance back from the inner surface of the housing thus precluding full and'direct use of the sparking energy since the spark isin a cavity rather than at the inner housing surface.
  • the engine-plug seal is of the flat soft or crushable type noted above with the result that location of the sparking end of the plug is imprecise and the combination must necessarily be designed to assure that the end is well within the spark plug bore and relatively substantially back from the inner surface of the housing.
  • conical sealing surfaces was disclosed in SAE publication 67.0148 entitled Development of a New Automotive Spark Plug" and was presented at Jan. 9-13, I967, the disclosure covers the standard automotive side wire electrode type having the spark gap located within the top of the combustion chamber, the main feature being the reduction in diameter of shell made possible by the new design.
  • FIG. 2 is an end view of FIG. 1 taken on line 2-2;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the surface gap spark plug along its axis.
  • the combination of our invention comprises a housing 1 having an outer surface 3 and an inner surface 5, the inner surface defining a trochoidal chamber in which a rotor member is positioned for rotary movement with respect thereto and in sealing contact therewith in the manner well known in the art.
  • a bore 7 is provided in the housing 1 extending from the outer to the inner surface and forming an ignition opening 9 on the inner surface.
  • a threaded section 11 for the removable installation of the spark plug 13 having correspondingly formed threads 15 on a portion of shell 17. While the preferred embodiment of our invention asshown and described provides a threaded installation of the plug 13 within bore 7, it is to be understood that other means well known in the art, such as a flanged and bolted interconnection, may also be used.
  • a conical sealing surface 19 which is formed to converge toward the inner surface 5 with its axis sub stantially coincident with the axisof the bore.
  • shell 17 is provided with a corthe plane of the end of the plug is substantially tangent to the extended inner surface of the ignition opening.
  • conical sealing surfaceZl which makes direct surface-to-surface contact with conical sealing surface 19 formed in the wall of bore 7 to form a gas-tight seal upon threading the plug 13 into the bore.
  • the direct surface-to-surface contact serves to precisely locatethe plane 18 0f the end of the shell 17 as close as possible to the ignition opening 9 while precluding any portion of the end of the plug 13 extending beyond the inner surface 5.
  • both the sparking end 23 of the centerwire 25 and the lower end 27 of the insulator 29 are dimensioned so as to be positioned back from the plane 18 of the end of the shell while being closely adjacent thereto.
  • the end 31 of the shell 17 adjacent to the firing end 23 of the center electrode 25 forms an annular ground electrode 33, the space between the two electrodes being substantially filled by the lower end 27 of the insulator to eliminate any pocket within the end of the plug 13.
  • the elimination of any pocket within the ignition opening is further assured by designing the end '31v of the shell to substantially fill the ignition opening 9.
  • the lower end 8 of the bore 7 is cylindrical in shape with the end 31 of the shell correspondingly shaped and of substantially the same diameter as that of the bore end 8. While the lower end 8 of the bore is cylindrical in form, it is of course possible to use other shapes, e.g., conical, the end 31 of the shell being then correspondingly shaped and dimensioned.
  • the lower end 8 of the bore 7 is appreciably smaller than the upper portions of the bore in order to enable as small an ignition opening as possible.
  • the plug 13 in order to locate the plane 18 of the end of the shell as close to the inner surface 5 as possible, is so dimensioned in reach with respect to the conical sealing surfaces as to locate the plane 8 substantially tangent to the extended inner surface 5 at the center of the ignition opening 9.
  • the insulator 29 is positioned in gas-tight relationship in shell 17 by means of an upper sealing gasket 35, the lower sealing shoulder 37 on the insulator being glazed and forming a seal with the correspondingly positioned shoulder 39 formed on the inner surface of the shell 17.
  • a lower sealing gasket may of course be used in lieu of the glazed surface seal.
  • the upper end 41 of the center electrode 25 is sealed in gas-tight relationship in the centerbore 43 by means of a conducting glass and resistor seal combination as is well known in the art, such as the combination disclosed in the patent to Achey US. Pat. No. 3,538,02l Resistor Composition, dated Nov. 3, 1970..
  • the series gap design provided in the upper portion of the centerbore 43 is of the type disclosed in assignees copending application Ser. No. 267,090 filed June 28, 1972, Series Gap Spark Plug," Vaillancour et al.
  • the terminal screw 45 is formed with a cap-like flange 47 which is positioned on the upper end surface of the insulator 29. Since the insulator end surface is rough, an air vent path from the auxiliary spark gap is provided between the flange-47 and the insulator end surface.
  • terminal screw 45 is retained on the insulator end surface by means of retainer ring 49 which is magnaformed, rolled or otherwiseworked to clamp around the top rib 51 formed on the upper end of the insulator and onto the upper surface of the cap-like flange 47.
  • the air path from the auxiliary spark gap is completed by providing a plurality of vent grooves 53 on the inner surface of the retainer ring 49 from the top edge thereof down toward the insulator top end surface.
  • a metal spacer 55 is provided in the centerbore to define the other end of auxiliary spark gap with the inner end of the terminal screw.
  • a housing having an inner surface defining a trochoidal chamber adapted to have a rotor member positioned therein for rotary movement with respect thereto and in sealing contact therewith, a bore provided in said housing from the outer surface to said inner surface thereof and forming an ignition opening on said inner surface, said bore having a threaded section provided therein intermediate its ends, a conical sealing surface provided in the wall of said bore intermediate its ends and converging toward said inner surface and having its axis substantially coincident with the axis of said bore, a surface gap type spark plug secured within said bore in gas-tight relationship with said housing, said spark plug comprising a ceramic insulator having a centerbore therethrough, a center electrode within the lower end of said centerbore, the end of said center electrode opposite its firing end being sealed in gas-tight relationship with the wall of said centerbore, a terminal screw positioned within the upper end of said centerbore'and adapted to pass electrical energy through to said centerwire, a metal

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
US00375369A 1973-07-02 1973-07-02 Surface gap spark plug and rotary engine combination Expired - Lifetime US3831562A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00375369A US3831562A (en) 1973-07-02 1973-07-02 Surface gap spark plug and rotary engine combination
CA194,626A CA996433A (en) 1973-07-02 1974-03-11 Surface gap spark plug and rotary engine combination
GB2625074A GB1436068A (en) 1973-07-02 1974-06-13 Rotary piston internal combustion engines and spark plugs therefor
DE2430933A DE2430933A1 (de) 1973-07-02 1974-06-25 Zuendkerzenanordnung in drehkolbenbrennkraftmaschinen
JP49075791A JPS5036814A (ja) 1973-07-02 1974-07-02

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00375369A US3831562A (en) 1973-07-02 1973-07-02 Surface gap spark plug and rotary engine combination

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3831562A true US3831562A (en) 1974-08-27

Family

ID=23480624

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00375369A Expired - Lifetime US3831562A (en) 1973-07-02 1973-07-02 Surface gap spark plug and rotary engine combination

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3831562A (ja)
JP (1) JPS5036814A (ja)
CA (1) CA996433A (ja)
DE (1) DE2430933A1 (ja)
GB (1) GB1436068A (ja)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3996900A (en) * 1974-08-26 1976-12-14 Adui Nsu Auto Union Aktiengesellschaft Revolving piston combustion engine of trochoid type
US4007714A (en) * 1975-10-14 1977-02-15 Curtiss-Wright Corporation Spark plug and rotary engine combination
US4014297A (en) * 1975-05-07 1977-03-29 General Motors Corporation Rotary engine combustion control arrangement
US4194486A (en) * 1977-02-15 1980-03-25 Toyo Kogyo Co., Ltd. Ignition means for rotary piston engines
US6320317B1 (en) * 1999-12-01 2001-11-20 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Glass seal resistor composition and resistor spark plugs
US20050183691A1 (en) * 2004-02-20 2005-08-25 Wankel Super Tec Gmbh Rotary combustion engine, designed for diesel fuel
US20070262721A1 (en) * 2006-05-12 2007-11-15 Enerpulse, Incorporated Composite Spark Plug
US20120153799A1 (en) * 2010-12-15 2012-06-21 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Plasma jet ignition plug
US8672721B2 (en) 2006-07-21 2014-03-18 Enerpulse, Inc. High power discharge fuel ignitor
US9640952B2 (en) 2012-01-27 2017-05-02 Enerpulse, Inc. High power semi-surface gap plug
CN110513187A (zh) * 2019-09-09 2019-11-29 北京理工大学 一种小型转子发动机燃烧室边缘火花塞点火装置及方法

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5294826A (en) * 1976-02-05 1977-08-09 Nippon Steel Corp Preparation of boron steel
DE3408268A1 (de) * 1984-03-07 1985-09-19 Gerhard 7130 Mühlacker Gold Kreiskolbenmotor

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3155085A (en) * 1963-04-29 1964-11-03 Curtiss Wright Corp Internal combustion engine with spark plug subject to high temperature operating conditions
US3581141A (en) * 1969-04-07 1971-05-25 Ethyl Corp Surface gap spark plug
US3754534A (en) * 1971-12-23 1973-08-28 Gen Motors Corp Rotary combustion engine ignition

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3155085A (en) * 1963-04-29 1964-11-03 Curtiss Wright Corp Internal combustion engine with spark plug subject to high temperature operating conditions
US3581141A (en) * 1969-04-07 1971-05-25 Ethyl Corp Surface gap spark plug
US3754534A (en) * 1971-12-23 1973-08-28 Gen Motors Corp Rotary combustion engine ignition

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3996900A (en) * 1974-08-26 1976-12-14 Adui Nsu Auto Union Aktiengesellschaft Revolving piston combustion engine of trochoid type
US4014297A (en) * 1975-05-07 1977-03-29 General Motors Corporation Rotary engine combustion control arrangement
US4007714A (en) * 1975-10-14 1977-02-15 Curtiss-Wright Corporation Spark plug and rotary engine combination
US4194486A (en) * 1977-02-15 1980-03-25 Toyo Kogyo Co., Ltd. Ignition means for rotary piston engines
US6320317B1 (en) * 1999-12-01 2001-11-20 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Glass seal resistor composition and resistor spark plugs
US7500461B2 (en) * 2004-02-20 2009-03-10 Wankel Super Tec Gmbh Rotary combustion engine, designed for diesel fuel
US20050183691A1 (en) * 2004-02-20 2005-08-25 Wankel Super Tec Gmbh Rotary combustion engine, designed for diesel fuel
US20070262721A1 (en) * 2006-05-12 2007-11-15 Enerpulse, Incorporated Composite Spark Plug
US8922102B2 (en) 2006-05-12 2014-12-30 Enerpulse, Inc. Composite spark plug
US9287686B2 (en) 2006-05-12 2016-03-15 Enerpulse, Inc. Method of making composite spark plug with capacitor
US8672721B2 (en) 2006-07-21 2014-03-18 Enerpulse, Inc. High power discharge fuel ignitor
US20120153799A1 (en) * 2010-12-15 2012-06-21 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Plasma jet ignition plug
US8558442B2 (en) * 2010-12-15 2013-10-15 Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Plasma jet ignition plug
US9640952B2 (en) 2012-01-27 2017-05-02 Enerpulse, Inc. High power semi-surface gap plug
CN110513187A (zh) * 2019-09-09 2019-11-29 北京理工大学 一种小型转子发动机燃烧室边缘火花塞点火装置及方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1436068A (en) 1976-05-19
JPS5036814A (ja) 1975-04-07
DE2430933A1 (de) 1975-01-23
CA996433A (en) 1976-09-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3831562A (en) Surface gap spark plug and rotary engine combination
CA2027280C (en) A spark plug
CN112313845B (zh) 带有在壳体内侧处对称地布置的接地电极的预燃室火花塞
US4535735A (en) Multi-gap spark ignition system
GB1512053A (en) Internal combustion engines
GB2225385A (en) Spark plug electrodes
GB1386317A (en) Rotary piston internal combustion engine with ignition systems therefor
US3762377A (en) Spark plug and rotor assembly for a rotary combustion engine
US4059079A (en) Internal combustion engine
US3987758A (en) Radial piston engine
US3739753A (en) Rotary combustion engine ignition
US3941097A (en) Rotary combustion engine having improved ignition means
US3800179A (en) Self-cleaning spark plug
US3893430A (en) Combination spark plug and precombustion chamber for rotary engine
US3680538A (en) Spark plug for internal combustion engines
US4194486A (en) Ignition means for rotary piston engines
US2736306A (en) Combustion chamber
US2749899A (en) Combustion chamber
US1998158A (en) Spark plug
US1671740A (en) Spark plug
US2519273A (en) Spark plug
US2071254A (en) Spark plug
KR0185893B1 (ko) 자동차용 스파크 플러그
US2018783A (en) Electric spark plug
US3317774A (en) Self-cleansing spark plug with gas flow directing means