US3829595A - Electric direct-arc furnace - Google Patents

Electric direct-arc furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
US3829595A
US3829595A US00326272A US32627273A US3829595A US 3829595 A US3829595 A US 3829595A US 00326272 A US00326272 A US 00326272A US 32627273 A US32627273 A US 32627273A US 3829595 A US3829595 A US 3829595A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
block
furnace
cooling
shell
refractory
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00326272A
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English (en)
Inventor
A Nakamura
T Nanjyo
M Aoshika
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
IHI Corp
Original Assignee
Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Industries Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP1071472U external-priority patent/JPS525936Y2/ja
Priority claimed from JP1071572U external-priority patent/JPS525937Y2/ja
Priority claimed from JP1071872U external-priority patent/JPS5141046Y2/ja
Priority claimed from JP1071672U external-priority patent/JPS4887652U/ja
Application filed by Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Industries Co Ltd filed Critical Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Industries Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3829595A publication Critical patent/US3829595A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
    • F27D1/12—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs incorporating cooling arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • H05B7/02—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • F27D2009/0002—Cooling of furnaces
    • F27D2009/0045—Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium passing a block, e.g. metallic
    • F27D2009/0048—Cooling of furnaces the cooling medium passing a block, e.g. metallic incorporating conduits for the medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • F27D2009/0002—Cooling of furnaces
    • F27D2009/0051—Cooling of furnaces comprising use of studs to transfer heat or retain the liner

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A furnace proper of an electric direct-arc furnace characterized in that the furnace wall is constructed in a required form with a plurality of cooling blocks each of which comprises a cooling block proper made of a special metal the inner surface of which is lined with a refractory material and a cooling water tube embedded therein, so as to increase the life of the furnace wall.
  • the present invention relates to a furnace proper of an electric direct-arc furnace in which the durability of the furnace wall may be made semipermanent.
  • the conventional arc furnace comprises generally a steel shell the inner wall of which is lined with the refractory material.
  • the durability of the refractory material is generally about 200-350 heats for refractory brick, and the bed of the hearth and the slag line must be repaired by the stamping machine for every heat while they are still hot.
  • the life of the refractory brick at the hot spot in, opposed relation with the electrodes and subjected to the high-temperature arcs are shorter and about 30 100 beats.
  • the hot spot coolers may be generally divided into two types, one type being such that water cooling steel pipes or tubes are embedded in the furnace wall and the other being the water jacket type in which cooling water passes through the steel box fabricated by welding.
  • the repair for leakage of cooling water is extremely difficult because the steel water cooling pipes are embedded in the furnace wall or refractory brick.
  • specially shaped brick must be used so as to surround the steel water cooling pipes so that the construction of the furnace becomes difficult.
  • the conventional hot spot coolers of the types described above only serve to increase the life of the brick at the hot spot to that of other brick of the furnace wall so that the problem of the short life of the furnace wall has not been solved.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is therefore to provide a furnace'proper of an electric directarc furnace which has a semipermanent furnace wall life whereby the problems encountered in the prior art are furnaces may be eliminated.
  • Another object of the present invention is toprovide a furnace proper of an electric direct-arc furnace in which the life ofa furnace roof may be increased and the faster refining may be effected.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a furnace proper of an electric direct-arc furnace in which the charge may be uniformly melted.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a furnace proper of an electric direct-arc furnace in which the accident due to leakage of cooling water may be eliminated and which is provided with hot spot coolers which have a long durability and are easy to mount on or dismount from the furnace proper.
  • the furnace wall above the level of molten steel is constructed with a plurality of cooling blocks, each of which comprises generally a cooling block proper made of a special metal whose inner surface is lined with a refractory material and a cooling tube embedded therein.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross sectional view of a first embodiment of an electric direct-arc furnace in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view thereof
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view, on enlarged scale, illustrating a cooling block thereof
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 are cross sectional views of a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a front view of a hot spot cooling-block used in the construction of an arc furnace in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional view thereof.
  • FIG. 9 is a sectional view looking in the direction indicated by the arrows X in FIG. 7.
  • FIGS. 1 3 show the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • a plurality of cooling blocks 1 for an electric arc furnace are stacked from the position about 200 500mm higher than the level of molten steel 6 or slag so as to form a furnace wall substantially circular in cross section.
  • the cooling blocks 1 are spaced apart from the level of molten steel so that they may be free from splash of molten steel 6.
  • the bottom 7 which defines a hearth is constructed with fire clay brick in the conventional manner using the stamping machine.
  • the detail of the cooling block 1 is best shown in FIG. 3.
  • the cooling block 1 generally comprises a cooling block proper 1 made of a specially cast steel, a steel water cooling tube 2 embedded into the cooling block proper 1', headers 3 hydraulically connected to the water cooling tube 2, refractory brick 4 one halves of which are embedded into the cooling block proper 1', and refractory material 5 placed in the spaces between the refractory brick 4.
  • the refractory brick may be cooled very effectively. Furthermore the cracking of the cooling block proper may be eliminated. Even if it should be cracked cooling water leakage may be prevented because cooling water flows through the cooling tube.
  • the brick is very efficiently cooled so that splash of molten metal is cooled and adheres to the brick and refractory material to form a sort of protective wall. Thus, the semipermanent durability may be ensured.
  • the furnace wall is constituted from the cooling blocks of the type described above, the furnace operation efficiency may be considerably increased, thus resulting in the reduction in overall cost.
  • the second embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is substantially similar in construction to the first embodiment shown in FIGS; 1, 2 and 3 except that the furnace wall is slightly converged at the top.
  • the second embodiment has the following additional features and advantages:
  • the small roof may be used.
  • the number of fire clay brick used for constructing the furnace roof may be reduced so that it may be fabricated at low cost. Furthermore melting of scraps may be much facilitated and scaffold phenomenon may be prevented.
  • the arc furnaces of the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 are substantially similar in construction to those of the first and second embodiments except that the cross sections are hexagonalin the furnace shown in FIG. 5 and triangular in the furnace shown in FIG. 6 so that the furnace walls (hot spots) in opposed relation with three electrodes 8 which are generally disposed at the vertices of a triangle may be spaced apart therefrom as far as possible.
  • the cross sections are hexagonalin the furnace shown in FIG. 5 and triangular in the furnace shown in FIG. 6 so that the furnace walls (hot spots) in opposed relation with three electrodes 8 which are generally disposed at the vertices of a triangle may be spaced apart therefrom as far as possible.
  • L L L Thus the charge may be uniformly melted.
  • the electric direct-arc furnace polygonal in cross section may be constructed in a simple manner, and the hot spots may be located as far as feasible from the electrodes so that the charge of scraps may be uniformly melted.
  • the electric direct-arc furnaces constructed with the cooling blocks as shown in FIGS. 1 6 may be further provided with a removable hot spot cooler which may be mounted on the furnace proper from the exterior.
  • a hot spot cooling block generally comprises a cooling disk In made of a cast steel whose inner wall (directed toward the furnace) is embedded with a plurality of grooves (four grooves being shown in FIG. 7) for fitting therein brick, a plurality of cooling tubes 2a (three cooling tubes being shown in FIG. 7) embedded in the cooling disk 1a in spaced apart relation and headers 3a communicated with the upper outlets and lower inlets of the cooling tubes 2a.
  • the hot spot'cooler is assembled as follows: A plurality of hot spot cooling blocks being inserted into the spaces formed in the furnace wall 14 as best shown in FIG. 8. Therefore the ends of the brick l3 remote from the hot spot cooling block are exposed in the furnace. Furthermore frames 10 are securely attached to the cooling disk 1a with cotter pins 12 and are joined with cotter pins 11 to frames 9 on the side of the furnace wall. Thus the hot spot cooling block may be securely held in position.
  • the cooling water is made to fiow from the lower header 3a through the cooling tubes 2a in the hot spot cooling block to the upper header 3a in the direction indicated by the arrows in FIG. 8. Cooling water is discharged from the upper header 3a.
  • the hot spot cooling block may be removed from the furnace proper by loosening the cotter pins 11.
  • the hot spot cooling block disk la may have such a shape to that the construction of the furnace wall 14 may be facilitated.
  • the material of the hot spot cooling block is not limited only to a cast steel, but any other suitable metal may be used.
  • the hot spot cooler may mounted on or removed from the furnace wall from the exterior thereof in a simple manner within a short time because it consists of hot spot cooling blocks. Therefore the maintenance and repair may be much facilitated.
  • An electric arc furnace comprising a wall and a bottom forming a receptacle for molten metal, the wall comprising at least one hot spot cooling block, said block comprising an outer shell of cast steel having a continuous outer surface, the inner surface of said shell being provided with a plurality of vertically spaced grooves, a refractory brick positioned in each groove with a part protruding inwardly of the furnace from the inner surface of the cast steel shell leaving a space between the protruding parts of each pair of adjacent refractory bricks, refractory material filling the spaces between the protruding parts of adjacent refractory bricks and the spaces adjacent the protruding bricks at the ends of the block, and a tube embedded in the cast steel outer shell of the block with its ends exterior to the shell whereby cooling fluid may be passed through the tube.
  • An electric arc furnace according to claim 1 in which the inner surfaces of the refractory bricks and the refractory material are aligned to provide a smooth inner surface for the block.
  • a hot spot cooling block for incorporation into the wall of an electric are furnace, said block comprising an outer shell of cast steel having a continuous outer surface, the inner surface of said shell being provided with a plurality of vertically spaced grooves, a refractory brick positioned in each groove with a part protruding inwardly of the furnace from the inner surface of the cast steel shell leaving a space between the protruding parts of each pair of adjacent refractory bricks, refractory material filling the spaces between the protruding parts of adjacent refractory bricks and the spaces adjacent the protruding bricks at the ends of the block, and a tube embedded in the cast steel outer shell of the block with its ends exterior to the shell whereby cooling fluid may be passed through the tube.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
US00326272A 1972-01-25 1973-01-24 Electric direct-arc furnace Expired - Lifetime US3829595A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP1071472U JPS525936Y2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-01-25 1972-01-25
JP1071572U JPS525937Y2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-01-25 1972-01-25
JP1071872U JPS5141046Y2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-01-25 1972-01-25
JP1071672U JPS4887652U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-01-25 1972-01-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3829595A true US3829595A (en) 1974-08-13

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ID=27455444

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00326272A Expired - Lifetime US3829595A (en) 1972-01-25 1973-01-24 Electric direct-arc furnace

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US3829595A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2169649A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1393072A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3883677A (en) * 1973-04-05 1975-05-13 Asea Ab Electric arc furnace having side-wall lining protection
US3940552A (en) * 1974-01-23 1976-02-24 Daido Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha Water-cooled panel for arc furnace
US3956572A (en) * 1975-03-11 1976-05-11 Pennsylvania Engineering Corporation Cooling means for electric arc furnaces
US3990686A (en) * 1975-02-14 1976-11-09 Toshin Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha Furnace for producing steel from scrap steel and the like
US4021603A (en) * 1975-10-22 1977-05-03 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Roof for arc furnace
US4063028A (en) * 1976-06-14 1977-12-13 Longenecker Levi S Suspended roof for electric arc furnace
US4079184A (en) * 1975-08-28 1978-03-14 Institut De Recherches De La Siderurgie Francaise (Irsid) Furnace wall element
US4097679A (en) * 1976-01-09 1978-06-27 Sankyo Special Steel Co., Ltd. Side wall of the ultra high power electric arc furnaces for steelmaking
DE2825528A1 (de) * 1978-06-10 1979-12-20 Benteler Werke Ag Wassergekuehlter wandelement-kasten fuer einen schmelzofen
EP0010286A1 (en) * 1978-10-23 1980-04-30 DANIELI & C. OFFICINE MECCANICHE S.p.A. Cooled panels for walls of electric furnaces
US4206312A (en) * 1977-12-19 1980-06-03 Sidepal S.A. Societe Industrielle De Participations Luxembourgeoise Cooled jacket for electric arc furnaces
US4238632A (en) * 1978-04-20 1980-12-09 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Arc furnace for making steel from directly reduced iron
US4435814A (en) 1982-01-29 1984-03-06 Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company, Limited Electric furnace having liquid-cooled vessel walls
WO1990005886A1 (en) * 1988-11-21 1990-05-31 Mefos-Stiftelsen För Metallurgisk Forskning A cooling panel
WO1998039612A1 (en) * 1997-03-07 1998-09-11 Amerifab, Inc. Continuously operating liquid-cooled panel
US6244197B1 (en) 1999-01-04 2001-06-12 Gary L. Coble Thermal induced cooling of industrial furnace components
US6280681B1 (en) 2000-06-12 2001-08-28 Macrae Allan J. Furnace-wall cooling block
US6404799B1 (en) * 1999-02-03 2002-06-11 Nippon Steel Corporation Water-cooling panel for furnace wall and furnace cover of arc furnace
WO2004038317A3 (de) * 2002-10-22 2004-06-10 Refractory Intellectual Prop Metallurgisches schmelzgefäss
US20060208400A1 (en) * 2003-04-14 2006-09-21 Paul Wurth S.A. Cooled furnace wall
US20110017437A1 (en) * 2007-12-05 2011-01-27 Berry Metal Company Furnace panel leak detection system

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2306267A1 (fr) * 1975-04-02 1976-10-29 Toshin Steel Co Four de production d'aciers a partir de dechets d'acier et similaires
DE2903104C2 (de) * 1979-01-27 1982-10-07 Estel Hoesch Werke Ag, 4600 Dortmund Kühlelement für einen metallurgischen Ofen, insbesondere Hochofen, und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
DE2916799C2 (de) 1979-04-26 1981-05-07 Karl Heinz 3353 Bad Gandersheim Vahlbrauk Bauteil zum Heizen oder Kühlen der Raumluft
DE4431293A1 (de) * 1994-09-02 1996-03-07 Abb Management Ag Ofengefäß für einen Gleichstrom-Lichtbogenofen
FR2788121B1 (fr) * 1998-12-30 2001-03-23 Electricite De France Four de fusion de dechets solides avec boites a eau
LU91454B1 (en) 2008-06-06 2009-12-07 Wurth Paul Sa Cooling plate for a metallurgical furnace
LU91551B1 (en) * 2009-04-14 2010-10-15 Wurth Paul Sa Cooling plate for a metallurgical furnace

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3883677A (en) * 1973-04-05 1975-05-13 Asea Ab Electric arc furnace having side-wall lining protection
US3940552A (en) * 1974-01-23 1976-02-24 Daido Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha Water-cooled panel for arc furnace
US3990686A (en) * 1975-02-14 1976-11-09 Toshin Seiko Kabushiki Kaisha Furnace for producing steel from scrap steel and the like
US3956572A (en) * 1975-03-11 1976-05-11 Pennsylvania Engineering Corporation Cooling means for electric arc furnaces
US4079184A (en) * 1975-08-28 1978-03-14 Institut De Recherches De La Siderurgie Francaise (Irsid) Furnace wall element
US4021603A (en) * 1975-10-22 1977-05-03 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Roof for arc furnace
US4097679A (en) * 1976-01-09 1978-06-27 Sankyo Special Steel Co., Ltd. Side wall of the ultra high power electric arc furnaces for steelmaking
US4063028A (en) * 1976-06-14 1977-12-13 Longenecker Levi S Suspended roof for electric arc furnace
US4206312A (en) * 1977-12-19 1980-06-03 Sidepal S.A. Societe Industrielle De Participations Luxembourgeoise Cooled jacket for electric arc furnaces
US4238632A (en) * 1978-04-20 1980-12-09 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Arc furnace for making steel from directly reduced iron
DE2825528A1 (de) * 1978-06-10 1979-12-20 Benteler Werke Ag Wassergekuehlter wandelement-kasten fuer einen schmelzofen
EP0010286A1 (en) * 1978-10-23 1980-04-30 DANIELI & C. OFFICINE MECCANICHE S.p.A. Cooled panels for walls of electric furnaces
US4435814A (en) 1982-01-29 1984-03-06 Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company, Limited Electric furnace having liquid-cooled vessel walls
WO1990005886A1 (en) * 1988-11-21 1990-05-31 Mefos-Stiftelsen För Metallurgisk Forskning A cooling panel
WO1998039612A1 (en) * 1997-03-07 1998-09-11 Amerifab, Inc. Continuously operating liquid-cooled panel
US6059028A (en) * 1997-03-07 2000-05-09 Amerifab, Inc. Continuously operating liquid-cooled panel
US6244197B1 (en) 1999-01-04 2001-06-12 Gary L. Coble Thermal induced cooling of industrial furnace components
US6404799B1 (en) * 1999-02-03 2002-06-11 Nippon Steel Corporation Water-cooling panel for furnace wall and furnace cover of arc furnace
RU2259529C2 (ru) * 2000-06-12 2005-08-27 Аллан Дж. МАКРЭ Труба, отлитая внутри блока, и холодильный блок
AU2001268337B2 (en) * 2000-06-12 2005-06-09 Allan J. Macrae Cast-in pipe and cooling block
AU2001268337B8 (en) * 2000-06-12 2005-07-14 Allan J. Macrae Cast-in pipe and cooling block
US6280681B1 (en) 2000-06-12 2001-08-28 Macrae Allan J. Furnace-wall cooling block
WO2004038317A3 (de) * 2002-10-22 2004-06-10 Refractory Intellectual Prop Metallurgisches schmelzgefäss
US20060208400A1 (en) * 2003-04-14 2006-09-21 Paul Wurth S.A. Cooled furnace wall
US7217123B2 (en) * 2003-04-14 2007-05-15 Paul Wurth S.A. Cooled furnace wall
US20110017437A1 (en) * 2007-12-05 2011-01-27 Berry Metal Company Furnace panel leak detection system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1393072A (en) 1975-05-07
FR2169649A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-09-07

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