US3828984A - Silo draining device - Google Patents

Silo draining device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3828984A
US3828984A US00379590A US37959073A US3828984A US 3828984 A US3828984 A US 3828984A US 00379590 A US00379590 A US 00379590A US 37959073 A US37959073 A US 37959073A US 3828984 A US3828984 A US 3828984A
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United States
Prior art keywords
silo
floor
vibration
funnel
vibrating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00379590A
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English (en)
Inventor
B Gmuer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Buehler AG
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Buehler AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CH1074472A external-priority patent/CH571989A5/de
Priority claimed from CH900473A external-priority patent/CH590770A5/de
Application filed by Buehler AG filed Critical Buehler AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3828984A publication Critical patent/US3828984A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/54—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying
    • B65D88/64—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying preventing bridge formation
    • B65D88/66—Large containers characterised by means facilitating filling or emptying preventing bridge formation using vibrating or knocking devices

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A silo draining or discharge device including [30] Forelg Apphcauo Pnomy Data a vibration floor of generally frusto-conical shape, July 18, 1972 Switzerland 10744/72 having a c ntrally located outlet or discharge opening, June 21, 1973 Switzerland 9004/73 and a vibration generator fastened to the vibration floor.
  • the vibration floor is supported so as to permit [52] U.S. Cl. 222/196 it to vibrate freely beneath the outlet opening of a silo, [51] Int. Cl.
  • B65g 3/ 12 A f nne]-]ike device is mounted on the vibration floor Field of Search for vibration therewith, with the circular inlet and out- 259/23, 24, 8 let openings thereof coaxially aligned above the circular discharge opening of the vibration floor.
  • Metering References Clted means are provided to selectively control the respec- UNITED STATES PATENTS tive flows of material through and around the funnel- 784,463 3/1905 Yancey 222 201 X i Fievice i Order to Obtain an even descent of mate 3,091,368 5/1963 Harley et al.
  • the invention refers to a silo draining device consisting of a vibrating floor which is installed to vibrate freely under the outlet opening of a silo and exhibits a vibration generator attached to the vibration floor.
  • the use of vibrating floors can prevent such compactions, at least in the outlet area, thus making it possible to attain a certain regularity in the output volume on different occasions.
  • Vibration forces must be partially transmitted to areas at a significant distance above the collection floor. When the product is removed, strong pressure waves can develop which significantly exceed the normal static pressure. These greater forces must be taken into consideration in the arrangement of the obstruction elements, particularly if they extend into the space inside the silo. This can be done by making them oversized for strength.
  • the task set for the invention was to build a vibrating collecting floor which makes it possible with no significant additional cost for the contents of the silo to descend uniformly and with no hitches.
  • the solution according to the invention is characterized by the fact that a vibrating collection funnel is located above and connected with the vibrating floor and by the installation of a measuring element.
  • the familiar vibrating floors can be improved with surprisingly simple means. What occurs is a very advantageous joint operation of the vibration floor, the collection funnel located above it, and the measuring element.
  • the collection funnel removes an amount of th product which can be precisely determined in advance. In conjunction with the output of the vibration floor, this results in a controlled descent of the entire contents of the silo.
  • the collection funnel also proves very advantageous with respect to strength.
  • the obstruction wall When familiar solutions to the problem are used, the obstruction wall must create an actual blockage to effectively stop the central flow and the resultant rotation forces must be absorbed.
  • a form advantageous for flow dynamics would offer no significant resistance to the flow of material and thus have no effect on the central flow.
  • the collection funnel according to the invention offers little resistance, can be built correspondingly lighter and affords an ideal uniform descent of the entire contents of the silo, especially if it is similar in shape to the vibrating floor.
  • One of the main ideas of the invention is that a limited but controlled removal of material from the lower core area above the outlet compels the entire crosssection of the silo to descent evenly. In addition, by removing a central archpiece, as it were, from any bridge of material likely to form, the inception and therefore also the formation of bridges is prevented.
  • a collection funnel is installed above and connected with the vibrating floor and a measuring element is installed below the collection funnel.
  • the lower opening of the collection funnel is situated to extend down by means of an outlet section at least to a point close to the narrowest point of the vibration floor.
  • the ratio between the narrowest outlet area of the vibration floor and the narrowest outlet area of the collection funnel is equal to that between the effective drain area of the vibration floor and the corresponding area of the collection funnel.
  • the measuring element vibrates as well.
  • the inner bracing effect of the bulk goods is utilized to regulate the volume of material emptied from the collection funnel and the vibrating floor.
  • the measuring element is a disc situated between the vibration floor and the collection funnel.
  • a measuring element is added to the outlet portion of the collection funnel.
  • a conical sliding valve is added to the outlet portion of the collection funnel to provide a measuring element.
  • a measuring channel which is connected with the vibrating floor and vibrates along with it, is installed below the collection funnel.
  • a vibrating guide element is situated below the outlet portion of the collection funnel and near the narrowest area of the vibrating floor.
  • the guide element is developed as a tapered socket.
  • FIG. 1 shows a cross-section through a silo drain device with a measuring worm gear situated below.
  • FIG. 2 shows a silo drain device with separate drain conduits for the vibration floor or the collection funnel.
  • FIG. 3 shows another version of a silo draining device.
  • a silo drain device 3 is situated beneath round silo unit I with floor outlet 2.
  • Silo drain device 3 consists of a vibration floor 4, to which is fastened a vibration generator 5 and several suspended pendulums 6 which are distributed about the circumference and cushioned by rubber elements, whereby both 5 and 6 are connected with the silo.
  • vibration floor 4 there is a collection funnel 8 which is firmly connected with vibration floor 4 by means of braces 7 and which has an outlet piece 9.
  • Vibration floor 4 is sealed by means of a rubber ring 10 at floor outlet 2 to prevent dust from escaping.
  • a similar rubber element 11 to seal against dust connectes an outlet 12 of vibration floor 4 with a measuring worm gear 13 which operates as a measuring element.
  • the worm gear is driven by a motor 14 and expels the material for further processing or transport.
  • the collection funnel 8 has an upper opening 15 as well as a lower opening 16 which are connected with an opening 17 via the outlet piece 9.
  • the device functions as follows:
  • an area corresponding to a central arch-piece A is drained off through collection funnel 8.
  • the annular area B located around area A is drained off through vibration floor 4.
  • a partial amount is drained off over an annular cross-section which lies relatively close to the silo walls, thus effectively preventing the material from remaining along the walls or in the corners.
  • measuring worm gear 13 When loose, bulk goods behave similar to liquids, the measuring worm gear 13 expels less material than vibration floor 4 and collection funnel 8 are able to remove. In this way, measuring worm gear 13 works as a very effective measuring (or metering) element, and because of this a compact column of material forms above worm gear l3.
  • FIG. 2 shows another version of the silo drain mechanism.
  • a separate drain conduit 20 leads from collection funnel 21 to a separate obstruction element 22.
  • Vibration floor 23 leads into an obstruction generator 25 via a vertical connection conduit 24.
  • the two obstruction generators 22 and 25 are thus developed as rotation sluices.
  • the rotation sluices operative volumetrically and can cause a back-up of the bulk material by draining off a limited amount of material.
  • the silo drain device shown in FIG. 2 makes it possible to achieve in the silo a rate of descent which is operationally controllable at least for two areas.
  • the evacuation capacity of sluices 22 and/or 25 can be changed in a well-known way by means of variators which are not shown.
  • the collection funnel In the case of materials which tend very stubbornly to form bridges, it can be advantageous to situate the collection funnel at an elevation significantly higher than the collection floor, for example at an elevation at which natural drainage in accordance with the dimensions of the silo still obtains.
  • the upper edge of collection funnel 8, 21 In the case of easily flowing materials it is advantageous to locate the upper edge of collection funnel 8, 21 at the same elevation as the corresponding upper edge of vibration floor 4, 23.
  • an actual measuring element can be eliminated by reducing the size of the free outlet openings 12, 16 of vibrating floor 4 and/or of collection funnel 8.
  • a vibrating floor 31 is suspended beneath a silo by a transition section 33 so that it can vibrate on rocker mountings 32.
  • the vibrating floor has a gently sloping outer floor area 34 and a conical narrow portion 35.
  • the vibrating floor 31 is made to vibrate by means of a vibrator 36.
  • An elastic cuff 37 is situated between vibration floor 31 and transition section 33 to permit the vibrating floor to vibrate freely and to prevent dust from escaping.
  • a collection funnel 38 with an outlet 38 is situated above vibrating floor 31, with which it is rigidly connected by brace 39. Accordingly, collection funnel 38 vibrates with approximately the same vibrating motion as vibrating floor 31.
  • the measuring element is shown as a conical slide valve 40 situated below the collection funnel.
  • the conical slide valve is adjusted by a threaded rod 41 by means of a hand wheel 42 so that it can be moved up or down as indicated by the arrow.
  • Vibrating floor 31 which is an actual aid to removing the material from the silo, passes the material on to a conveyance element 45 which is equipped with a flap 46.
  • the illustrated version operates as follows:
  • the conveyance element 45 is set in motion simultaneously with vibrating floor 31, for which purpose vibrator 36 is engaged. Through the vibrations the material is removed from conveyance element 45 and is followed by an equivalent amount which flows out of the silo under activation by vibrating floor 31. Because of friction against the silo walls, there is a strong tendency in silo 30 for a central zone indicated by X to empty. If one looks into the silo from above, the central flow can be easily detected as a depression in the surface of the material. Now if a central flow, which may be termed the formation of a flue, predominates, the conical slide valve 40 is moved closer to outlet 38 of collection funnel 38. In this way, the central flow can be a limited in a simple way to precisely the amount consistent with a uniform descent of the entire contents of the silo. This is accomplished by regulating only the naturally favored flow.
  • the size and shape of the collection funnel can be developed according to the properties of the material, whereby consideration can also be given economic exigencies.
  • conical slide valve 40 vibrates together with collection funnel 38, i.e., with vibrating floor 3].
  • conveyance element 45 As a vibrating channel directly with vibrating floor 31.
  • Conveyance element 45 thus undergoes the same vibrations as vibrating floor 31.
  • Flap 46 can be adjusted by a lever 47.
  • conveyance element 45 together with flap 46 to function as actual measuring elements if appropriate and per se familiar control devices are used.
  • conical slide valve 40 and collection funnel 38 In this way it is possible to operate either by checking only the central flow by means of conical slide valve 40 and collection funnel 38 or by using only conveyance element 45 which functions as a measuring element, whereby the above-described inner friction of the material is utilized.
  • conical slide valve 40 and conveyance element 45 may function simultaneously as measuring elements.
  • a direct connection of conveyance channel 45 with vibrating floor 31 is of great advantage particularly in small plants, since with a small amount of vibrational energy it is possible to simultaneously remove material from the silo and to convey it for a short distance.
  • a covibrating guide element e.g. in the form of a tapered socket 50, below outlet 38' of collection funnel 38 and near the narrowest part 35 of vibrating floor 31.
  • the dimensions of tapered socket 50 should be so determined that with respect to flow characteristics easy passage is provided for the bulk goods between vibrating floor 31 and collection funnel 38. The reason for this arrangement is to prevent larger amounts of the material from accumulating or remaining stationary between collection funnel 38 and vibrating floor 31.
  • Tapered socket 50 can also bring great advantages in combination with conical slide valve 40, whereby tapered socket 50 can at the same time be easily connected functionally with conical slide valve 40. It is also conceivable that in place of conical slide valve 40 some other measuring element could be used, e.g., a vertical worm gear measuring device which can extend into the collection funnel if necessary.
  • a silo drain device including a vibration floor having an axial outlet opening, and a vibration generator fastened to the vibration floor, the vibration floor being so situated so as to vibrate freely beneath the outlet opening of a silo
  • the improvement comprising a vibrating collection funnel situated above and in line with the axial outlet opening and connected with the vibrating floor to provide an outer material flow path around the funnel to the axial outlet opening, said vibrating collection funnel having an inlet of smaller diameter than the silo and a still smaller outlet positioned below the funnel inlet to provide an inner material flow path through which a portion of the material in the center of the silo passes, and metering means installed in a selected path of flow of material from the silo.
  • a silo drain device according to claim 1, wherein the metering means is a measuring element positioned downstream from the axial outlet opening of the vibration floor to control the flow of material therethrough.
  • a silo drain device according to claim 2, wherein the collection funnel has a tubular outlet piece which extends at least to a point close to the narrowest point of the vibration floor defined by the outlet opening thereof.
  • a silo drain device according to claim 2, a tubular wherein outlet piece of the collection funnel and the outlet opening from the vibration floor are each connected to a separate measuring element.
  • a silo drain device according to claim 2, wherein the measuring element is developed as a sluice.
  • a silo drain device according to claim 2, wherein the measuring element is developed as a worm gear.
  • a silo drain device according to claim 2, wherein the measuring element is an obstruction plate.
  • a silo drain device according to claim 1, wherein the ratio between the narrowest outlet opening of the vibration floor and the narrowest outlet area of the collection funnel is equal to that between the effective entering annular area of the vibration floor and the corresponding entering area of the collection funnel.
  • a silo drain device according to claim 1, wherein the collection funnel is situated with its highest edge at the same elevation as the corresponding edge of the vibration floor.
  • a silo draining device wherein the collection funnel is situated above and connected with the vibrating floor, and wherein the metering means is a measuring element situated below the outlet of the collection funnel to control the flow therethrough.
  • a silo draining device according to claim 10, wherein the measuring element is connected with the vibrating floor and vibrates together with the vibrating floor and with the collection funnel.
  • a silo draining device wherein the measuring element is developed as a conical slide valve which is movable to open and close the collection funnel outlet, and vibrates together with the collection funnel and the vibrating floor.
  • a silo draining device according to claim 1, wherein the metering means flow is a measuring element mounted to vibrate together with the vibrating floor.
  • a silo draining device wherein a co-vibrating guide element in the form of a tapered socket is situated below the outlet of the collection funnel and near the narrowest point defined by the outlet opening of the vibrating floor.
  • a silo discharge device comprising:
  • a vibration floor having a sloping side wall and a centrally located discharge opening
  • a funnel-like device having an inlet opening and a smaller outlet opening
  • a silo having a discharge device wherein the silo has a cylindrical storage portion of greater cross section than the cross section of the vibrating bottom floor, wherein the ratio between the narrowest part of the discharge opening of the vibrating bottom floor and the narrowest outlet opening of the funnel-like device is the same as the ratio between the cross section of the said cylindrical portion of the silo and the cross section of the inlet opening of the funnel-like device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
  • Storage Of Harvested Produce (AREA)
US00379590A 1972-07-18 1973-07-16 Silo draining device Expired - Lifetime US3828984A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1074472A CH571989A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-07-18 1972-07-18
CH900473A CH590770A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-06-21 1973-06-21

Publications (1)

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US3828984A true US3828984A (en) 1974-08-13

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US00379590A Expired - Lifetime US3828984A (en) 1972-07-18 1973-07-16 Silo draining device

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US (1) US3828984A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5519835B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA993415A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2192965B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1442671A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT991082B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL173042C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
SE (1) SE391701B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992003342A1 (en) * 1990-08-27 1992-03-05 Mcgregor Harold R Vertical auger type bag filler having a vibrating bowl with inverted venting cone and rotating agitator assembly
US5651479A (en) * 1995-05-06 1997-07-29 Bates; Lyndon Mass flow generator
US5769281A (en) * 1995-05-06 1998-06-23 Martin Engineering Company Bulk storage hoppers
CN102556539A (zh) * 2011-11-21 2012-07-11 刘廷瑜 带有中心出料斗的振动卸料筒仓及卸料方法
CN102717998A (zh) * 2012-05-31 2012-10-10 哈尔滨北仓粮食仓储工程设备有限公司 振动出料筒仓及筒仓振动出料方法
CN102717999A (zh) * 2012-05-31 2012-10-10 哈尔滨北仓粮食仓储工程设备有限公司 全振动出料筒仓及筒仓振动出料方法
US20130082073A1 (en) * 2011-10-04 2013-04-04 The Gsi Group, Llc External impactor for bulk storage containers
US20160214751A1 (en) * 2010-09-03 2016-07-28 Takazono Technology Incorporated Hopper and Medicine Supply Apparatus Including the Same
US11209255B1 (en) * 2019-09-10 2021-12-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Press load process for warheads

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5357482U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1976-10-19 1978-05-16
JPS58196316U (ja) * 1982-06-22 1983-12-27 電気化学工業株式会社 定量排出装置
EP0130255A1 (en) * 1983-06-08 1985-01-09 Vibra Screw Incorporated Bin activator
JPS60191919A (ja) * 1984-03-13 1985-09-30 Denka Consult & Eng Co Ltd 振動式粉粒体排出量制御装置
NL2008513C2 (nl) * 2012-03-21 2013-09-25 Lely Patent Nv Systeem voor afgeven van poedervormig diervoeder.
CN112478465B (zh) * 2021-01-14 2023-06-30 大冶有色金属有限责任公司 一种破矿设备的下矿漏斗结构及方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US784463A (en) * 1904-05-25 1905-03-07 Arthur Yancey Feeding device for acetylene-generators.
US3091368A (en) * 1961-03-01 1963-05-28 Remington Arms Co Inc Powder measuring device
US3203599A (en) * 1963-06-17 1965-08-31 Carrier Mfg Co Metered vibratory conveyor
US3376856A (en) * 1967-08-22 1968-04-09 Huston D. Crippen Automatic stock feeder
US3452904A (en) * 1967-09-19 1969-07-01 Ronald J Ricciardi Material handling equipment
US3542251A (en) * 1968-02-23 1970-11-24 Anton Pfeuffer Apparatus for supplying dry solids to liquids

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US784463A (en) * 1904-05-25 1905-03-07 Arthur Yancey Feeding device for acetylene-generators.
US3091368A (en) * 1961-03-01 1963-05-28 Remington Arms Co Inc Powder measuring device
US3203599A (en) * 1963-06-17 1965-08-31 Carrier Mfg Co Metered vibratory conveyor
US3376856A (en) * 1967-08-22 1968-04-09 Huston D. Crippen Automatic stock feeder
US3452904A (en) * 1967-09-19 1969-07-01 Ronald J Ricciardi Material handling equipment
US3542251A (en) * 1968-02-23 1970-11-24 Anton Pfeuffer Apparatus for supplying dry solids to liquids

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5327947A (en) * 1988-11-14 1994-07-12 Mcgregor Harold R Vertical auger type bag filler having a vibrating bowl with inverted venting cone and rotating agitator assembly
WO1992003342A1 (en) * 1990-08-27 1992-03-05 Mcgregor Harold R Vertical auger type bag filler having a vibrating bowl with inverted venting cone and rotating agitator assembly
US5651479A (en) * 1995-05-06 1997-07-29 Bates; Lyndon Mass flow generator
US5769281A (en) * 1995-05-06 1998-06-23 Martin Engineering Company Bulk storage hoppers
US20160214751A1 (en) * 2010-09-03 2016-07-28 Takazono Technology Incorporated Hopper and Medicine Supply Apparatus Including the Same
US9902513B2 (en) * 2010-09-03 2018-02-27 Takazono Technology Incorporated Hopper and medicine supply apparatus including the same
US20130082073A1 (en) * 2011-10-04 2013-04-04 The Gsi Group, Llc External impactor for bulk storage containers
US9493300B2 (en) * 2011-10-04 2016-11-15 The Gsi Group Llc External impactor for bulk storage containers
CN102556539A (zh) * 2011-11-21 2012-07-11 刘廷瑜 带有中心出料斗的振动卸料筒仓及卸料方法
CN102556539B (zh) * 2011-11-21 2016-04-20 哈尔滨北仓粮食仓储工程设备有限公司 带有中心出料斗的振动卸料筒仓及卸料方法
CN102717999A (zh) * 2012-05-31 2012-10-10 哈尔滨北仓粮食仓储工程设备有限公司 全振动出料筒仓及筒仓振动出料方法
CN102717999B (zh) * 2012-05-31 2016-04-20 哈尔滨北仓粮食仓储工程设备有限公司 全振动出料筒仓及筒仓振动出料方法
CN102717998B (zh) * 2012-05-31 2016-04-20 哈尔滨北仓粮食仓储工程设备有限公司 振动出料筒仓及筒仓振动出料方法
CN102717998A (zh) * 2012-05-31 2012-10-10 哈尔滨北仓粮食仓储工程设备有限公司 振动出料筒仓及筒仓振动出料方法
US11209255B1 (en) * 2019-09-10 2021-12-28 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Press load process for warheads

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL173042B (nl) 1983-07-01
JPS5519835B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1980-05-29
DE2336374B2 (de) 1977-06-30
NL173042C (nl) 1983-12-01
IT991082B (it) 1975-07-30
JPS4943351A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-04-24
SE391701B (sv) 1977-02-28
NL7309946A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-01-22
DE2336374A1 (de) 1974-02-07
FR2192965B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1983-01-14
GB1442671A (en) 1976-07-14
FR2192965A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-02-15
CA993415A (en) 1976-07-20

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