US3828974A - Process for the emergency interruption of the flow of melt in a gravity casting plant - Google Patents

Process for the emergency interruption of the flow of melt in a gravity casting plant Download PDF

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Publication number
US3828974A
US3828974A US00322627A US32262773A US3828974A US 3828974 A US3828974 A US 3828974A US 00322627 A US00322627 A US 00322627A US 32262773 A US32262773 A US 32262773A US 3828974 A US3828974 A US 3828974A
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United States
Prior art keywords
melt
casting nozzle
cooling
casting
nozzle
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00322627A
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English (en)
Inventor
O Tenner
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GRAVICAST PATENT GmbH
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GRAVICAST PATENT GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D35/00—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds
    • B22D35/04—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds into moulds, e.g. base plates, runners

Definitions

  • the melt flows from the supply chamber into an oblong equalization chamber and from this into the casting nozzle, and the flow of melt when operating the casting plant under normal conditions is controlled by a valve situated between the supply chamber and the equalization chamber.
  • a valve situated between the supply chamber and the equalization chamber.
  • a cooling member having an internal cooling system is provided on the nozzle to provide for the necessary cooling thereof.
  • a stopper rod partly dip into the melt and partly protrude from the melt surface, which leads to an extremely high abrasion and premature destruction or wear of these areas of the valve or closure or operating devices which are only temporarily covered by the melt.
  • This is on the one hand due to alternating temperature stresses and on the other hand to the chemical reaction between the atmosphere (oxygen) and the materials of the melt, the slag, the valve or closure as well as perhaps the refractory lining of the supply chamber and the equalization chamber. It is, therefore, inevitable to replace the closure or valve from time to time.
  • The'process according to the invention essentially consists in cooling at least the melt in the region or zone of the mouth or outlet opening of the casting nozzle until the melt in this zone or region is solidified whereby the flow of melt through the casting nozzle is interrupted independently from the control means used for normally controlling the flow of melt from the supply or storage chamber into the casting nozzle or an equalization chamber, to which the casting nozzle is connected.
  • Such a solidification of the melt flow in the range or zone of the casting nozzle can be done quickly and inexpensively thus permitting a repair or replacement of the valve or closure without requiring any draining of the melt in the supply or storage chamber.
  • the invention can also be used with advantage in the case of a dangerous leakage of the support of the casting nozzle or of the separation or partition wall between supply chamber and equalization chamber, since it is easily possible to produce automatically a cooling of the melt at or around the casting nozzle, whenever extremely high temperatures occur in the vicinity of the casting nozzle.
  • the cooling of the melt in the range of the casting nozzle could be achieved by spraying a cooling agent, e.g. water on to the nozzle. Since this, however, entails the danger of a formation of water vapour and oxyhydrogen gas, it is more advantageous to put a cooling closure member on to the casting nozzle, whenever this is to be cooled. Thus, any formation of oxyhydrogen gas and water vapour is prevented and there can be no explosions within the plant area.
  • the outer side of the support of the casting nozzle is also cooled, which has the advantage that leakages in the range of the support of the casting nozzle are sealed by the solidification of the melt in this area.
  • the inventive apparatus to carry out the method according to the invention is based on a casting machine which comprises a supply or storage chamber, a casting nozzle having an outlet opening and a control means for controlling the flow of melt due to the influence of the gravity from the supply chamber to the casting nozzle.
  • the inventive device comprises a cooling device effective at least on the region or zone of the casting nozzle.
  • This cooling device may be formed according to the invention by a cooling closure member for the casting nozzle, which can be removed, preferably lifted off, from the casting nozzle.
  • a closure member may be a cooled cover or lid, a cooled stopper, a cooled plate, etc.
  • the cooling cover of the casting nozzle covers the casting nozzle and the surrounding area of the casting support member, in order to include this area, too, in the cooling range.
  • the cooling mechanism has a cooling system closed at least in the zone or region of the casting device with respect to the atmosphere, through which cooling system a stream of a cooling agent, e.g. water is conducted.
  • a cooling agent e.g. water
  • the cooling agent is not in contact with the atmosphere but is conducted e.g. by a closed piping system. Therefore, the cooling agent cannot react with the atmosphere.
  • suitable thermo-elements can be provided which prevent a superheating of the cooling fluid or control the amount of the cooling fluid.
  • the cooling mechanism or device which acts upon the area of the casting nozzle becomes effective whenever the stopper or any other valve member needs to be exchanged or when there is an undesired outflow of the melt from the casting nozzle or from the adjoining areas of the nozzle support. Since the invention also works whenever the stopper member or any other valve member or closure member breaks down, this member can be used until such a breakdown occurs, which allows for longer intervals between two succeeding exchanges of the stopper member or the like, compared with traditional apparatus.
  • the solidified melt is again liquified in the zone or region of the casting nozzle.
  • This can be done by various methods. First, the cooling, which had led to a solidification of the melt in the area of the casting nozzle, is removed or stopped. Then it is possible to knock out, for instance by means of hammer and chisel, a solidified plug in the casting nozzle, if it is not too strong.
  • Another possibility consists in melting such a plug from above by means of an oxygen lance, or another heating device, e.g. electric heating wires for the casting nozzle or its surrounding region.
  • FIG. 2 shows a vertical section through the apparatus, whereas FIG. 2 represents a section according to line II II.
  • the supply chamber 2 formed by a supply or storage container 1 is filled with melt 3, e.g., metal or a synthetic resin or plastic material.
  • the level 4 of the melt 3 in the supply or storage chamber 2 is essentially kept constant by a device (not shown) suitable for this purpose. Such devices are well known to one skilled in the art.
  • a stopper rod 5 plunges into the melt 3 and has at its bottom end a stopper 6 which constitutes the closure member for an opening 7 of a nozzle member 8, which is inserted into the bottom wall of the supply chamber 2.
  • the opening 7 connects the supply chamber 2 with an oblong hollow cylindrical equalization chamber 9, in which the flow pattern of the melt is tranquilized.
  • the stopper support 10 shows a cylindrical protrusion 11, which fits into a bore 12 of the stopper rod 5 and is fixed thereto by means of a screw 13 which intersects the stopper rod 5 and the protrusion 11.
  • the stopper support 10 is vertically adjustable and is guided for upward and downward movement by means of rollers 14. This movement is effected by means of a lever 15, which is pivotally mounted on a fixed swivel point 16.
  • any wellknown suitable heating device e.g., an induction heating device which is connected with the equalization chamber 9 by means of openings 19 in the wall of the pipe 17.
  • the casting nozzle 18 has ducts 20 through which a cooling fluid, e.g., water, can pass and/or through which electric resistance heating wires (not shown) run.
  • a cooling or heating of the casting nozzle can be achieved, so that the melt in it can be solidified or reliquified, as it is desired.
  • a console 21 is fixed to the wall of the supply chamber 1.
  • swivelling arm 23 is linked by means of a bolt 22 so that this arm 23 can be pivoted in a horizontal plane.
  • a swivelling arm 25 with a cooling member 26 at its end is fixed to arm 23 by means of a pivot means 24, so that this arm 25 can be pivoted in a vertical plane.
  • this cooling member 26 In its lowermost position shown in FIG. 1 by full lines, this cooling member 26 is situated exactly above the casting nozzle 18.
  • the cooling member 26 has a protrusion 27, which entersinto the casting duct 28 of the casting nozzle 18 and on the one hand serves for centering the cooling member 26 from the casting nozzle 18 and on the other hand serves to enhance the cooling effect on the casting nozzle 18.
  • the cooling member 26 may have a cooling effect on the melt in the casting duct 28 of the casting nozzle 18 or may contain a builtin cooling system (not shown) to further intensify the cooling effect.
  • the cooling fluid e.g., water
  • this cooling system is supplied or sucked off, respectively, via the pipes 29.
  • a unit 30 formed by a hydraulic or pneumatic piston and a cylinder is provided, which unit is journally mounted to a pivot 31 forked at one end, which pivot is rigidly connected to the bolt 22.
  • the piston rod 32a ofthis unit 30 is pivotally connected by a joint to arm 25.
  • the arm 25 with the cooling member 26 can also be horizontally swivelled in the direction of the double arrow 37 (FIG. 2), so that operations near the casting nozzle 18, e.g., replacing of moulds or similar, are not hampered.
  • a bevel gear pinion 32 is connected to the pivot 31 and cooperates with a further bevel gear pinion 33 which can be turned in any desired direction by a motor 34.
  • Such a sideswivelled position of the cooling member 26 is shown in FIG. 2 with dashed and dotted lines.
  • the cooling member 26 is brought into the position shown will full lines in FIG. I by swivelling the arms 23, 25. In this position the cooling member 26 closes the casting nozzle 18 and by its cooling effect produces a solidification of the melt in the casting duct 28 of the casting nozzle 18.
  • the cooling member 26 Since the cooling member 26 has a plate 26" carrying the protrusion 27, it extends also over the support of the casting nozzle 36, so that, if a suitable size of the cooling member 26 or its cooling system is provided for, the cooling effect can be extended to the zone or area in the vicinity of the casting nozzle 18, particularly to the support of the casting nozzle 36, so that the melt, which might flow out of leakage gaps in this zone or area, is also solidified.
  • the stopper rod 5 can be exchanged without any further difficulties, which exchange is facilitated through the rcmovable connection between the stopper rod 5 and the stopper support 10.
  • the melt in the supply chamber 2 can be drained off directly or indirectly through the equalization chamber 9, after solidification of the melt in the casting nozzle 18 without any risk of damage to the plant or the personnel. After the melt has been drained off, the necessary repair work can be carried out.
  • the cooling member 26 is brought into the position 25' shown with dotted lines in FIG. 1, and is swivelled to the side, if necessary, by swivelling the arms 23 or 25, respectively.
  • the cooling of the casting nozzle 18, which is effected by the cooling fluid flowing through the channel 20 is interrupted, so that there is no longer any cooling effect on the casting nozzle 18 at all.
  • the solidified melt in the casting nozzle 18 is reliquified by heating.
  • the electric heating wires in the channel 20 can be energized or the solidified melt plug in the duct 28 can be liquified from above by means of an oxygen flame, or the plug of the solidified melt can be mechanically removed.
  • cool air as a cooling agent, e.g., which is conducted through the conduits 20 of the casting nozzle 18.
  • Extreme freezing agents particularly inert gases, e. g., liquid nitrogen, helium or CO can also be used.
  • this cooling agent in a closed system, e.g. pipes or tubes, to prevent the formation of inflammable gases.
  • This closed cooling system can be formed by the channels 20 leading to the casting nozzle 18 and/or by the system in the cooling member 26 connected to the conduits 29, which may be formed by hoses.
  • the invention can also be used in casting plants in which the equalization chamber 17 is partly or entirely situated within the supply chamber 1 and is at least partly surrounded by the melt contained in the supply chamber.
  • control means for controlling the flow of melt under its own weight from the supply chamber to the cast ing nozzle and damming up the melt in the supply chamber to a higher level than the level of the outlet opening of the casting nozzle, comprising the steps of temporarily closing the casting nozzle from above,
  • step of damming up the melt in the supply chamber by cooling the region of the casting nozzle comprises the placing of a cooling member on the casting nozzle and holding the cooling member on the casting nozzle until at least the melt in the region of the mouth of said casting nozzle is solidified and forms a plug.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Ink Jet (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
US00322627A 1972-01-13 1973-01-11 Process for the emergency interruption of the flow of melt in a gravity casting plant Expired - Lifetime US3828974A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT28672A AT319504B (de) 1972-01-13 1972-01-13 Verfahren zum Unterbrechen des Schmelzenflusses bei einer Anlage zum Gießen im steigenden Guß und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Publications (1)

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US3828974A true US3828974A (en) 1974-08-13

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US00322627A Expired - Lifetime US3828974A (en) 1972-01-13 1973-01-11 Process for the emergency interruption of the flow of melt in a gravity casting plant

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3828974A (it)
JP (1) JPS4880429A (it)
AT (1) AT319504B (it)
BE (1) BE793868A (it)
CH (1) CH551242A (it)
DE (1) DE2300621C3 (it)
FR (1) FR2167849B1 (it)
GB (1) GB1421832A (it)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4083478A (en) * 1976-11-22 1978-04-11 Wirtz Manufacturing Company, Inc. Molten metal shut-off valve utilizing cooling to solidify metal flow
US4247088A (en) * 1978-10-05 1981-01-27 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Mud gun
US5632902A (en) * 1990-11-16 1997-05-27 Kalman; Peter G. Filtering method and apparatus including valves with valve plugs of a cooled fluid substance
CN110394441A (zh) * 2019-06-26 2019-11-01 洛阳铜加工集团有限责任公司 一种闸门式镁合金铸轧机前箱控流装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US673556A (en) * 1899-09-15 1901-05-07 John M Hartman Iron notch for blast-furnaces and means for plugging same.
US2957936A (en) * 1957-08-17 1960-10-25 Elektrokemisk As Electric smelting furnace with bottom tapping hole
US3121769A (en) * 1964-02-18 Apparatus for opening the tap hole of a metallurgical furnace
US3682456A (en) * 1970-10-21 1972-08-08 Anderson Constr Corp A E Metallurgical furnace with cartridge clay gun means
US3705616A (en) * 1970-04-23 1972-12-12 Gebauer & Lehrner Fa Apparatus for casting molten metal in bottom-pouring molds
US3709477A (en) * 1971-07-16 1973-01-09 Dango & Dienenthal Kg Mechanism for swinging a taphole gun

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3121769A (en) * 1964-02-18 Apparatus for opening the tap hole of a metallurgical furnace
US673556A (en) * 1899-09-15 1901-05-07 John M Hartman Iron notch for blast-furnaces and means for plugging same.
US2957936A (en) * 1957-08-17 1960-10-25 Elektrokemisk As Electric smelting furnace with bottom tapping hole
US3705616A (en) * 1970-04-23 1972-12-12 Gebauer & Lehrner Fa Apparatus for casting molten metal in bottom-pouring molds
US3682456A (en) * 1970-10-21 1972-08-08 Anderson Constr Corp A E Metallurgical furnace with cartridge clay gun means
US3709477A (en) * 1971-07-16 1973-01-09 Dango & Dienenthal Kg Mechanism for swinging a taphole gun

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4083478A (en) * 1976-11-22 1978-04-11 Wirtz Manufacturing Company, Inc. Molten metal shut-off valve utilizing cooling to solidify metal flow
US4247088A (en) * 1978-10-05 1981-01-27 Ishikawajima-Harima Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Mud gun
US5632902A (en) * 1990-11-16 1997-05-27 Kalman; Peter G. Filtering method and apparatus including valves with valve plugs of a cooled fluid substance
US5752539A (en) * 1990-11-16 1998-05-19 Kalman; Peter G. Two flow control means using partially solidified plug
CN110394441A (zh) * 2019-06-26 2019-11-01 洛阳铜加工集团有限责任公司 一种闸门式镁合金铸轧机前箱控流装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2300621A1 (de) 1973-07-19
DE2300621C3 (de) 1974-08-08
CH551242A (de) 1974-07-15
BE793868A (fr) 1973-05-02
AT319504B (de) 1974-12-27
JPS4880429A (it) 1973-10-27
FR2167849A1 (it) 1973-08-24
GB1421832A (en) 1976-01-21
FR2167849B1 (it) 1975-03-28
DE2300621B2 (de) 1974-01-17

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