US3828503A - Resilient floor, especially for gymnasiums - Google Patents

Resilient floor, especially for gymnasiums Download PDF

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Publication number
US3828503A
US3828503A US00357270A US35727073A US3828503A US 3828503 A US3828503 A US 3828503A US 00357270 A US00357270 A US 00357270A US 35727073 A US35727073 A US 35727073A US 3828503 A US3828503 A US 3828503A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
floor
fiberboard
panels
elements
floor portion
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00357270A
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English (en)
Inventor
A Hofmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mero Werke Dr Ing Max Mengeringhausen GmbH and Co
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Mero Werke Dr Ing Max Mengeringhausen GmbH and Co
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/18—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors
    • E04F15/20—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors for sound insulation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C19/00—Design or layout of playing courts, rinks, bowling greens or areas for water-skiing; Covers therefor
    • A63C19/04—Mats or carpets for courts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/22—Resiliently-mounted floors, e.g. sprung floors

Definitions

  • the edge length of the fiberboard panels is an integral multiple of the edge length of the individual square fiberboard elements, which latter is preferably smaller than the edge length of the elastic panels of the supporting floor, wherein the joints between the various panels and elements forming the supporting floor, bottom floor portion, and top floor portion are not in mutual alignment.
  • the top floor portion, bottom floor portion and supporting floor are constructed in prefabricated floor elements with overlapping marginal zones whereby adjacent prefabricated floor ele- 1 ments are connected together by screws or the like.
  • This invention relates to a resilient floor, especially for gymnasiums, with a floor covering laid on a top floor formed with fiberboards, which latter, in turn, are disposed on smaller, square fiberboards forming a bottom floor, these square fiberboards lying, in turn, on elastic panels forming a supporting floor.
  • the invention is based on the problem of providing a resilient floor which, as compared to conventional resilient floors of this type, can be adapted within a small greater range than heretofore possible to varying requirements, particularly with respect to modulus of deformation, standard deflection. [flexure], energy loss, and ball reflection, but which yet is less expensive.
  • this problem is solved, in accordance with the invention, by providing that the fiberboards of the bottom floor have an edge length which, at most, is equal to, but preferably smaller than the edge length of the elastic panels of the supporting floor; and that the panels of the supporting floor, of the bottom floor, and of the top floor are all laid with fitting joints.
  • panels are employed for the bottom floor which are substantially smaller than in conventional resilient floors, whereby it is possible to improve the vibration limit and also to reduce the deflection [sagging] trough. Furthermore, it is possible to vary the characteristics of the floor, e.g. the standard deflection, the energy loss, and the ball reflection, and to adapt same to the posed requirements within very wide limits by changing the densification of the material employed for the elastic panels, as well as the thickness of the panels produced from this material, and to a certain extent also by varying the size of the panels.
  • Another advantage resides in the excellent heatand soundproofing effect due to the elastic panels of the supporting floor, which is also of great importance in cases where the elasticity of the panels of the supporting floor is chosen to be very minor, which will normally be the case when the floor is laid, for example, in a residential or business building, rather than in a gymnasium.
  • the resilient floor of this invention offers the additional advantage that no ventilation is required, since no cavities exist. Also, as compared to a resilient floor consisting of a rubber layer of a thickness of several centimeters, there is the advantage that the floor of this invention has a point-like load sustaining power and provides satisfactory standing stability for the feet.
  • each fiberboard panel of the bottom floor need be associated, at most, with one elastic panel, which considerably reduces the time consumed for laying of the floor.
  • the panels of the supporting floor it is generally advantageous to form the panels of the supporting floor to be of a large surface area as compared to the fiberboards of the bottom floor. On the one hand, this reduces the time consumed for the laying of the supporting floor and, on the other hand, no difficulties are encountered in mounting relatively small panels for the bottom floor.
  • the edge length of the panels for the top floor amounts to an integral multiple of the edge length of the panels of the bottom floor, plus any seams which may exist between the latter panels. This ensures that the joint seams of the panels of the top floor always have the same position with respect to the panels of the bottom floor provided therebeneath, so that the seams of the latter can be sufficiently covered by the panels of the top floor.
  • Such a relative size of the panels of the top floor as compared to the panels of the bottom floor is also required if the floor is made of prefabricated floor elements, as is the case in a particularly advantageous embodiment.
  • the floor elements which can be fabricated ahead of time in the plant, make it possible to shorten the time required for laying the floor by a further considerable amount.
  • these prefabricated elements facilitate removal of the floor, which can be necessary if the gymnasium or the like wherein the resilient floor is installed is to be utilized for different purposes, for example for sports events, expositions, agricultural fairs, and the like.
  • Each floor element can comprise a top floor panel joined to a group of bottom floor panels resulting in the same panel size, wherein two adjoining longitudinal edges of the top floor panel are arranged centrally with respect to the bottom floor panels forming two adjoining marginal zones.
  • the two projecting marginal zones of the top floor panel then cover the exposed marginal zones of the bottom floor of neighboring floor elements, so that the properties of the floor at the junction points are the same as in the remaining areas.
  • top floor panels and the bottom floor panels disposed along the edges thereof can be effected by means of screws at those points where a separating possibility is desirable or required.
  • the top floor panels can be provided with the passage bores necessary for the screws, and the bottom floor panels can be provided with threaded bushings during the pre fabrication.
  • FIG. 1 is a top view of a portion, partially broken away, of a first embodiment of the resilient floor according to this invention
  • FIG. 2 is a section along line lIIl OF FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view, partially exploded, of a floor element of the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of several assembled floor elements according to FIG. 3.
  • the resilient floor shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises, in a sequence from the bottom toward the top, largearea panels 1 of an elastic foam material, which form a supporting floor, square fiberboard panels 2, which form a bottom floor, large-area, rectangular fiberboard panels 3, which serve as pressure-distributing panels and form a top floor, as well as a floor covering 4 which, in this embodiment, is made of a synthetic resin. However, a different floor covering could also be employed.
  • the rectangular panels 1 are joined seamlessly and, in this embodiment, have a size of l m. by 2 m. The thickness of these panels is mm., but can also be larger or smaller.
  • the compression [densification] of the foam material, just as the thickness of the panels 1, is adapted to the requirements to be met by the floor.
  • the panels 1 are disposed on an insulating layer, not shown, which in this embodiment is provided on the rough floor 5.
  • the fiberboards 2 are glued to the panels 1 and, in this embodiment, have an edge length of 25 cm. and are laid in the manner of a checkerboard with, at most,
  • the fiberboards 3 forming the top floor are laid on top of the bottom floor formed by the fiberboard panels 2.
  • the fiberboards 3, in this embodiment, have the dimensions of 1.70 m. by 3.50 m. and a thickness of 10 mm.
  • the longitudinal edges of the fiberboards 3 are disposed centrally to the fiberboard panels 2 arranged therebelow.
  • the fiberboards 3 are glued together with the fiberboard panels 2 and joined by means of staples affixed by a power tool.
  • the floor covering 4 is glued to the fiberboards 3.
  • the floor can be adapted not only to varying requirements during sports events (gymnastics, physical education, athletic competition), but it is also possible to thereby fully meet the requirements posed by the international committee for gymnasium counseling.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show another embodiment of a resilient floor.
  • the properties of the fioor could also be selected so that it has no appreciable elasticity any more, as is usually demanded for floors in residences or businesses.
  • the construction of the floor in this embodiment coincides with the structure of the floor in the embodiment of FIGS. .1 and 2 insofar as square fiberboards 102 are laid on top of panels 101 of a foam material, forming the supporting floor; the square fiberboards 102 form the bottom floor.
  • the large-area fiberboard panels 103 in turn, which form the top floor, are disposed on top of the fiberboards 102.
  • the fiberboards 102 are laid in the manner of a checkerboard.
  • the resilient floor is composed, in the example of FIGS. 3 and 4, of individual floor elements which are prefabricated and denoted as a whole by 106.
  • These floor elements 106 which can be prefabricated in the plant, comprise respectively one fiberboard 103 of the top floor, glued and stapled together with a group of fiberboards 102 of the bottom floor resulting in the same panel size.
  • respectively fifteen fiberboards 102 are connected with one panel 103 of the top floor.
  • Two adjoining longitudinal edges 103' and 103" of the fiberboard 103 are disposed, in these floor elements, centrally to the fiberboards 102 of the bottom floor, forming two adjoining marginal zones.
  • the consequence is that the two other edges of the fiberboard 103 project beyond the fiberboards 102 joined thereto by half the width of such a fiberboard.
  • the fiberboards 102 of the bottom floor have a thickness of 16 mm. and an edge length of 40 cm.
  • the edge length of the fiberboards 103 which must be an integral multiple of the edge length of the fiberboards 102, is accordingly 2 m. or 1.2 m., respectively.
  • Threaded sleeves 107 are provided for the mounting of screws in the zone not covered by the fiberboard 103.
  • Passage bores 108 are arranged at corresponding points in the fiberboard 103 in the projecting marginal zones thereof.
  • the fiberboards 102 between which seams can be present, are glued onto the panel 101.
  • the longitudinal edges of the panel 101 are aligned with respect to the longitudinal edges of the plate-shaped composite consisting of the panels 102.
  • the panel 101 could also be chosen to be somewhat smaller.
  • the panel 101 is laminated on its underside together with a protective film 109 of a synthetic resin. Consequently, the floor element 106 can be placed directly on top of the rough floor.
  • the densification of the foam material constituting the panels 101 is adapted to the respective requirements. This densification can be selected so that, at most, there is only a minor elasticity left. In this case, it is, of course, also possible to use a hard foam material or the like for the panels 101. Thereby, the good sound insulation and the good heat proofnessare preserved.
  • the prefabricated floor element can, of course, consist only of the fiberboards 102 and 103.
  • a film [sheet] which is placed on the rough floor or on a layer provided on the rough floor, prior to the laying of the floor elements.
  • a resilient floor comprising a top floor portion formed of fiberboard panels, a floor covering laid on said top floor portion, a bottom floor portion formed of smaller, square fiberboard elements, said fiberboard panels of said top floor portion disposed on top of said smaller square fiberboard elements of said bottom floor portion, a supporting floor formed of elastic panels, said square fiberboard elements of said bottom floor portion lying in turn on said elastic panels of said supporting floor, characterized in that the square fiberboard elements of said bottom floor portion each having an edge length which is at most equal to and preferably smaller than the edge length of said elastic panels of said supporting floor; and the elastic panels of the supporting floor, the square fiberboard elements of the bottom floor portion, and the fiberboard panels of the top floor portion are all laid with fitting joints.
  • each square fiberboard element of the bottom floor portion is at most 50 cm., preferably at most 30 cm., and the elastic panels forming the supporting floor having a thickness of between mm. and mm.
  • edge length of the fiberboard panels of the top floor portion is an integral multiple of the edge length of the individual square fiberboard elements of the bottom floor portion plus any seams which are present in the latter.
  • top floor portion, said bottom floor portion and said supporting floor are constructed of a plurality of prefabricated floor elements, each prefabricated floor element comprising a fiberboard panel of the top floor portion joined to a group of square fiber board elements of the bottom floor portion resulting in the same pane] size, the fiberboard panel being offset relative to the gruop of square fiberboard elements wherein two adjoining longitudinal edges of the fiberboard panel of the top floor portion are disposed substantially centrally with respect to the tops of square fiberboard elements along the respective two adjoining longitudinal edges of the bottom floor portion forming two adjoining marginal overlap zones for adjacent prefabricated floor elements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
US00357270A 1972-05-04 1973-05-04 Resilient floor, especially for gymnasiums Expired - Lifetime US3828503A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2221761A DE2221761C3 (de) 1972-05-04 1972-05-04 Schwingboden

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3828503A true US3828503A (en) 1974-08-13

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US00357270A Expired - Lifetime US3828503A (en) 1972-05-04 1973-05-04 Resilient floor, especially for gymnasiums

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US (1) US3828503A (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png)
JP (1) JPS4948127A (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png)
AT (1) AT336240B (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png)
BE (1) BE798842A (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png)
CA (1) CA980530A (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png)
CH (1) CH560824A5 (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png)
DE (1) DE2221761C3 (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png)
FR (1) FR2183212A1 (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png)
GB (1) GB1400922A (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png)
IL (1) IL42198A0 (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png)
IT (1) IT987104B (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png)
NL (1) NL7305908A (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png)
NO (1) NO134223C (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png)
SE (1) SE399091B (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png)

Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3946529A (en) * 1973-12-07 1976-03-30 Jean Chevaux Floor for sports and in particular for roller skating
US4682459A (en) * 1986-04-15 1987-07-28 Stephenson Debra A Flooring system
US4759164A (en) * 1982-06-10 1988-07-26 Abendroth Carl W Flooring system
US4819932A (en) * 1986-02-28 1989-04-11 Trotter Jr Phil Aerobic exercise floor system
US4910936A (en) * 1982-06-10 1990-03-27 Aga Corporation Flooring system
US4921741A (en) * 1988-06-21 1990-05-01 Carlisle Tire & Rubber Company Recreation surface and tile fastening scheme
US5299401A (en) * 1993-02-03 1994-04-05 Floyd Shelton Athletic flooring system
US5497590A (en) * 1995-03-06 1996-03-12 Counihan; James Resilient flooring
EP0915217A2 (de) * 1997-11-05 1999-05-12 Rigips GmbH Bodenelement aus Gipsfaserplatten
USD433164S (en) * 1998-12-21 2000-10-31 Spina Jr Charles L Gymnasium floor
WO2000070168A1 (de) * 1999-05-18 2000-11-23 Witex Ag Schalldämmvorrichtung für bodenbeläge
US6367217B1 (en) 1999-11-04 2002-04-09 Robbins, Inc. Sleeper assembly for resilient hardwood floor system
US20030131549A1 (en) * 2001-12-24 2003-07-17 Forbo-Giubiasco Sa Hard tile with locking projections and cutouts
US20080078135A1 (en) * 2006-10-03 2008-04-03 Mcintosh Jonathan Grout member for modular flooring assemblies
US20080184647A1 (en) * 2007-02-05 2008-08-07 Paul Yau Hardwood Flooring System
US20080287221A1 (en) * 2007-05-16 2008-11-20 Horst Babinsky Base structure for squash courts
US20090139172A1 (en) * 2007-09-18 2009-06-04 Ngc Corporation Gymnastic floor structure
US20090266019A1 (en) * 2005-10-04 2009-10-29 Mcintosh Jonathan Modular flooring assemblies
US7610731B1 (en) * 2005-01-10 2009-11-03 Comc, Llc Snap together floor structure
US20100043334A1 (en) * 2006-04-17 2010-02-25 Cristobal Rodriguez Alcaine Tile for Forming Floors
US20100313509A1 (en) * 2009-06-10 2010-12-16 Mcintosh Jonathan Medallion insert for modular flooring assemblies
US8782989B2 (en) 2009-06-11 2014-07-22 Comc, Llc Narrow lined modular flooring assemblies
US9816271B2 (en) * 2015-06-16 2017-11-14 Michael Dombowsky Composite flooring system and method for installation over semi-rigid substrate

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2625656C3 (de) * 1976-06-08 1981-04-09 Hellmuth Klein & Co, 6000 Frankfurt Schwingboden für Turnhallen o.dgl.
JPS54141012A (en) * 1978-04-24 1979-11-01 Kokubu Shokai Floor structure of building
DE2832074C2 (de) * 1978-07-21 1983-09-01 Mittelfränkische Turngeräte- und Fahrzeugfabrik Georg Stöhr, 8540 Schwabach Fußbodenbelag, insbesondere für Sporträume
FR2551354B1 (fr) * 1983-08-31 1985-10-18 Schouvey Jean Claude Jeu sportif du genre tennis
US5303526A (en) * 1989-02-08 1994-04-19 Robbins, Inc. Resilient portable floor system
US5433052A (en) * 1989-02-08 1995-07-18 Robbins, Inc. Kerfed hardwood floor system
US4890434A (en) * 1989-02-08 1990-01-02 Robbins, Inc. Hardwood floor system
BE1002068A4 (nl) * 1989-02-28 1990-06-12 Isola N V Isolatie-inrichting meer bepaald voor vloeren.
NL194446C (nl) * 1995-03-08 2002-04-04 Forbro Krommenie Bv Werkwijze voor het leggen van een paneelvloerbedekking.
CA2226595C (en) 1998-01-12 2003-12-02 Emco Limited Composite vapour barrier panel
FR2774114B1 (fr) * 1998-01-23 2000-07-28 Lee Frankel Support de revetement pour sol, notamment pour aire de jeu
EP2233662A1 (de) * 2009-03-12 2010-09-29 Jurgen Eberhard Belagsystem zur Bildung eines Fußbodenbelags

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2114474A (en) * 1936-11-14 1938-04-19 Labra Joseph Semiresilient ceramic tile flooring section
US2663915A (en) * 1950-07-14 1953-12-29 Dietrich Albert Sectional insulated floor
US3579941A (en) * 1968-11-19 1971-05-25 Howard C Tibbals Wood parquet block flooring unit

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2114474A (en) * 1936-11-14 1938-04-19 Labra Joseph Semiresilient ceramic tile flooring section
US2663915A (en) * 1950-07-14 1953-12-29 Dietrich Albert Sectional insulated floor
US3579941A (en) * 1968-11-19 1971-05-25 Howard C Tibbals Wood parquet block flooring unit

Cited By (36)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3946529A (en) * 1973-12-07 1976-03-30 Jean Chevaux Floor for sports and in particular for roller skating
US4759164A (en) * 1982-06-10 1988-07-26 Abendroth Carl W Flooring system
US4910936A (en) * 1982-06-10 1990-03-27 Aga Corporation Flooring system
US4819932A (en) * 1986-02-28 1989-04-11 Trotter Jr Phil Aerobic exercise floor system
US4682459A (en) * 1986-04-15 1987-07-28 Stephenson Debra A Flooring system
AU590052B2 (en) * 1986-04-15 1989-10-26 Debra A. Stephenson Flooring system
US4921741A (en) * 1988-06-21 1990-05-01 Carlisle Tire & Rubber Company Recreation surface and tile fastening scheme
US5299401A (en) * 1993-02-03 1994-04-05 Floyd Shelton Athletic flooring system
US5497590A (en) * 1995-03-06 1996-03-12 Counihan; James Resilient flooring
EP0915217A2 (de) * 1997-11-05 1999-05-12 Rigips GmbH Bodenelement aus Gipsfaserplatten
EP0915217A3 (de) * 1997-11-05 1999-09-01 Rigips GmbH Bodenelement aus Gipsfaserplatten
USD433164S (en) * 1998-12-21 2000-10-31 Spina Jr Charles L Gymnasium floor
WO2000070168A1 (de) * 1999-05-18 2000-11-23 Witex Ag Schalldämmvorrichtung für bodenbeläge
US6637169B2 (en) 1999-11-04 2003-10-28 Robbins, Inc. Sleeper assembly for resilient hardwood floor system
US6367217B1 (en) 1999-11-04 2002-04-09 Robbins, Inc. Sleeper assembly for resilient hardwood floor system
US20030131549A1 (en) * 2001-12-24 2003-07-17 Forbo-Giubiasco Sa Hard tile with locking projections and cutouts
US6820386B2 (en) * 2001-12-24 2004-11-23 Forbo-Giubiasco Sa Hard tile with locking projections and cutouts
US7610731B1 (en) * 2005-01-10 2009-11-03 Comc, Llc Snap together floor structure
US20100005757A1 (en) * 2005-01-10 2010-01-14 Collison Alan B Snap together floor structure
US7779602B2 (en) * 2005-01-10 2010-08-24 Comc, Llc Snap together floor structure
US8631624B2 (en) 2005-10-04 2014-01-21 Comc, Llc Modular flooring assemblies
US8146319B2 (en) 2005-10-04 2012-04-03 Comc Llc Modular flooring assemblies
US20090266019A1 (en) * 2005-10-04 2009-10-29 Mcintosh Jonathan Modular flooring assemblies
US20100043334A1 (en) * 2006-04-17 2010-02-25 Cristobal Rodriguez Alcaine Tile for Forming Floors
US20080078135A1 (en) * 2006-10-03 2008-04-03 Mcintosh Jonathan Grout member for modular flooring assemblies
US20080184647A1 (en) * 2007-02-05 2008-08-07 Paul Yau Hardwood Flooring System
US7665263B2 (en) * 2007-02-05 2010-02-23 Paul Yau Hardwood flooring system
US7866104B2 (en) * 2007-05-16 2011-01-11 Asb-Systembau Horst Babinsky Gmbh Base structure for squash courts
US20080287221A1 (en) * 2007-05-16 2008-11-20 Horst Babinsky Base structure for squash courts
US7849646B2 (en) * 2007-09-18 2010-12-14 Ngc Corporation Gymnastic floor structure
US20090139172A1 (en) * 2007-09-18 2009-06-04 Ngc Corporation Gymnastic floor structure
US20100313509A1 (en) * 2009-06-10 2010-12-16 Mcintosh Jonathan Medallion insert for modular flooring assemblies
US8230654B2 (en) 2009-06-10 2012-07-31 Comc, Llc Medallion insert for modular flooring assemblies
US8458974B2 (en) 2009-06-10 2013-06-11 Comc, Llc Medallion insert for modular flooring assemblies
US8782989B2 (en) 2009-06-11 2014-07-22 Comc, Llc Narrow lined modular flooring assemblies
US9816271B2 (en) * 2015-06-16 2017-11-14 Michael Dombowsky Composite flooring system and method for installation over semi-rigid substrate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH560824A5 (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png) 1975-04-15
AT336240B (de) 1977-04-25
GB1400922A (en) 1975-07-16
CA980530A (en) 1975-12-30
DE2221761B2 (de) 1974-10-03
NO134223C (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png) 1976-09-01
JPS4948127A (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png) 1974-05-10
DE2221761C3 (de) 1980-04-03
NL7305908A (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png) 1973-11-06
SE399091B (sv) 1978-01-30
BE798842A (fr) 1973-08-16
NO134223B (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png) 1976-05-24
IT987104B (it) 1975-02-20
FR2183212A1 (US20080094685A1-20080424-C00004.png) 1973-12-14
IL42198A0 (en) 1973-07-30
DE2221761A1 (de) 1973-11-15

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