US3827248A - Ice crystals - Google Patents

Ice crystals Download PDF

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Publication number
US3827248A
US3827248A US00355690A US35569073A US3827248A US 3827248 A US3827248 A US 3827248A US 00355690 A US00355690 A US 00355690A US 35569073 A US35569073 A US 35569073A US 3827248 A US3827248 A US 3827248A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
screen
ice crystals
butane
combination according
washed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00355690A
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English (en)
Inventor
N Graniaris
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Struthers Patent Corp
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Struthers Patent Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US3827248A publication Critical patent/US3827248A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/22—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C1/00—Producing ice

Definitions

  • Ice crystals may be centrifuged and sprayed with fresh water, they may be spread on screens and sprayed, and other spray techniques may be used. Wash columns may be used which float ice crystals or otherwise move them through fresh water to remove brine from them. Water may be forced through caked ice crystals, for the same purpose. All these water wash methods require fresh wash water which amounts to 5 to 15 per cent by weight of the ice crystals recovered under the best circumstances. In addition, a considerable weight of the brine coated ice crystals may be melted during their water washing as the wash water must be over 32 F. The butane washing of ice crystals according to this invention is more efficient and economical.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal, vertical section through a wash tank and a crystal melting and debutanizing tank according to this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a section through a fragment of woven screen with ice crystals thereon.
  • Tank 1 1 is rectangular and contains a downward sloping screen 13 which may be a sheet of perforated metal. Screen 13 is mounted in a resilient frame 14 of rubber or the like so that the vibrator 15 may be connected to it by means of the push rod 16 which enters the tank 11 through a seal 17.
  • Transverse tubes 18 containing upward facing jets 19 are fixed to the bottom of screen 13.
  • Pump 20 draws butane from tank 11 and passes it through flexible tubes 21 to each transverse tube 18.
  • Transverse drip baffles 22 extend down from each tube 13 or from the bottom of screen 13.
  • the screen 13, tubes 18, and baffles 22 may be of metal welded together.
  • Tubes 21 may be of vinyl or other flexible material.
  • a screw 23 or the like driven by motor 24 draws washed ice crystals into the melt and butane separation tank 25.
  • This apparatus is used in the following manner. Ice crystals 1% fall on the screen 13 which is agitated by vibrator 15 in its resilient frame 1d.
  • the mechanical agitation of the crystals in liquid butane removes brine from their surfaces. This removed brine and any other brine introduced with the crystals sinks through screen 13 to drip from it and collect in the bottom of tank 11.
  • the agitation of the ice crystals on screen 13 may alternately be accomplished by jets 19 of butane pumped up through screen 13 by pump 20 through the tubes 21 and 18. If desired both forms of mechanical agitation may be used together.
  • the liquid butane in tank 11 is best kept above the freezing temperature of the brine which is usually about 26 to 27 F. in the freeze crystallization of sea water and below the 32 F.
  • Tanks 1]. and 25 are pressurized to enable the butane to be liquid at the desired operating temperatures.
  • some surface ice will melt on each crystal to achieve equilibrium, but the ice lost during butane washing will be minimal compared to the conventional water washing.
  • Washed crystals 10 at the lower end of screen 13 are removed by screw conveyor 23 into tank 25. Any conventional means, such as heat exchanger coils (not shown) are used to melt ice to water 26 which separates from any liquid butane 27 carried into tank 25 on the crystals. Pump 28 is automatically controlled to return separated butane to tank 11. Brine is drawn off through pipe 29 and fresh water as a product through pipe 30. Further debutanizing may be carried out in the brine and the fresh water product if required.
  • FIG. 2 shows a mesh screen 13 on which are disposed crystals 10.
  • a tube 18' has jets 19' through which butane is pumped to agitate the crystals and wash them.
  • a drip baffle 22' is fixed to the bottom of tube 18' to prevent drops of brine 31 in the butane from running down the inclined screen 13'.
  • the mesh size shown in FIG. 2 for screen 13 is greatly exaggerated.
  • the process of this invention mechanically washes brine covered ice crystals in liquid butane held at a temperature below the freezing point of the crystals. This more effectively removes adhering brine with less crystal melting and with no use of fresh wash water.
  • This invention applies to ice in coffee, tea and citrus juice and to other organic liquids than butane, such as propanes, pentanes, hexanes.
  • Apparatus for washing ice crystals comprising, in combination,
  • a wash tank containing an organic liquid less dense than water selected from the group consisting of butane, propane, pentane and hexane,
  • c. means introducing ice crystals to be washed above an upper portion of said screen
  • d. means agitating the ice crystals sinking downward in the organic liquid against said screen working the ice crystals downward on the screen to a lower portion of said screen, the agitation of the ice crystals washing solute therefrom to pass downward through said screen and settle in the bottom of said tank,
  • e. means removing washed ice crystals from above the lower portion of said screen
  • f. means removing solute from the bottom of said tank.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Non-Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
  • Tea And Coffee (AREA)
US00355690A 1972-05-01 1973-04-30 Ice crystals Expired - Lifetime US3827248A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2015772A GB1398762A (en) 1972-05-01 1972-05-01 Ice crystals

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3827248A true US3827248A (en) 1974-08-06

Family

ID=10141333

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00355690A Expired - Lifetime US3827248A (en) 1972-05-01 1973-04-30 Ice crystals

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3827248A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
JP (1) JPS5231307B2 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
BR (1) BR7303160D0 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
CA (1) CA980240A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
FR (1) FR2183146B3 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
GB (1) GB1398762A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5816057A (en) * 1996-09-27 1998-10-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Horizontal cross flow filtration and rinsing of ice from saline slurries
ES2339518A1 (es) * 2007-06-01 2010-05-20 Ajuntament De Terrassa Maquina para el tratamiento de hielo y la separacion de residuos organicos.
US20120196786A1 (en) * 2010-11-12 2012-08-02 Takahisa Kusuura Cleaning apparatus and method utilizing sublimation of nanofabricated particles
US20130068422A1 (en) * 2011-09-15 2013-03-21 Alan Mark Horowitz System and method for recycling energy from ice remnants

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4601831A (en) * 1984-10-03 1986-07-22 Morton Thiokol, Inc. Antimicrobial adjustment technique
US4592843A (en) * 1984-10-03 1986-06-03 Morton Thiokol, Inc. Method for removal of organometallics from wastewater

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3019611A (en) * 1960-10-18 1962-02-06 Ohio Commw Eng Co Recovery of fresh water from sea water
US3069864A (en) * 1960-10-10 1962-12-25 Ohio Commw Eng Co Recovery of fresh water from sea water

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3069864A (en) * 1960-10-10 1962-12-25 Ohio Commw Eng Co Recovery of fresh water from sea water
US3019611A (en) * 1960-10-18 1962-02-06 Ohio Commw Eng Co Recovery of fresh water from sea water

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5816057A (en) * 1996-09-27 1998-10-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture Horizontal cross flow filtration and rinsing of ice from saline slurries
ES2339518A1 (es) * 2007-06-01 2010-05-20 Ajuntament De Terrassa Maquina para el tratamiento de hielo y la separacion de residuos organicos.
ES2339518B1 (es) * 2007-06-01 2011-05-19 Ajuntament De Terrassa Maquina para el tratamiento de hielo y la separacion de residuos organicos.
US20120196786A1 (en) * 2010-11-12 2012-08-02 Takahisa Kusuura Cleaning apparatus and method utilizing sublimation of nanofabricated particles
US8530402B2 (en) * 2010-11-12 2013-09-10 Empire Technology Development Llc Cleaning solvent with nanofabricated particles
US20130068422A1 (en) * 2011-09-15 2013-03-21 Alan Mark Horowitz System and method for recycling energy from ice remnants

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5231307B2 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1977-08-13
GB1398762A (en) 1975-06-25
JPS4941270A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1974-04-18
DE2321803A1 (de) 1973-11-15
CA980240A (en) 1975-12-23
FR2183146B3 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1976-04-16
BR7303160D0 (pt) 1974-07-25
FR2183146A1 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1973-12-14
DE2321803B2 (de) 1976-04-15

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