US3825913A - Fuel burner supervisory system - Google Patents

Fuel burner supervisory system Download PDF

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Publication number
US3825913A
US3825913A US00240074A US24007472A US3825913A US 3825913 A US3825913 A US 3825913A US 00240074 A US00240074 A US 00240074A US 24007472 A US24007472 A US 24007472A US 3825913 A US3825913 A US 3825913A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
flame
sensor
housing
circuitry
tubular member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00240074A
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English (en)
Inventor
A Metcalf
P Guiffrida
A Bellows
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fireye Inc
Original Assignee
Electronics Corp of America
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Electronics Corp of America filed Critical Electronics Corp of America
Priority to US00240074A priority Critical patent/US3825913A/en
Priority to CA164,558A priority patent/CA980444A/en
Priority to GB1306173A priority patent/GB1389166A/en
Priority to CH412073A priority patent/CH564169A5/xx
Priority to BE129321A priority patent/BE797400A/xx
Priority to FR7311091A priority patent/FR2179400A5/fr
Priority to DE2315527A priority patent/DE2315527A1/de
Priority to NL7304484A priority patent/NL7304484A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3825913A publication Critical patent/US3825913A/en
Assigned to ELECTRONICS CORPORATION OF AMERICA, A CORP. OF DE reassignment ELECTRONICS CORPORATION OF AMERICA, A CORP. OF DE CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). NOVEMBER 25, 1986, DELAWARE Assignors: ELECTRONICS CORPORATION OF AMERICA (MERGED INTO), NELCOA, INC., (CHANGED TO)
Assigned to ALLEN-BRADLEY COMPANY, INC., A CORP. OF WI reassignment ALLEN-BRADLEY COMPANY, INC., A CORP. OF WI MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). SEPTEMBER 28, 1988 DE Assignors: ELECTRONICS CORPORATION OF AMERICA
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Assigned to FIREYE, INC., A CORP. OF DE reassignment FIREYE, INC., A CORP. OF DE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: ALLEN-BRADLEY COMPANY, INC., A CORP. OF WI
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/08—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements
    • F23N5/082—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/12—Burner simulation or checking
    • F23N2227/14—Flame simulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2229/00—Flame sensors
    • F23N2229/18—Flame sensor cooling means

Definitions

  • Partridge 57 ABSTRACT Fuel burner supervisory system wherein a pair of 'fla'me sensors are located close to the flame being supervised, periodsof flame absence are simulated for each sensor, elements are respectively responsive to the sensors to assume a trouble state when an associated sensor indicates the absence of flameother than during a period of simulated flame absence, or when the sensor indicates the presence/of flame during a period of simulated flame absence, and a flame failure alarm is connected to signal when both ele- 15 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures FUEL BURNER SUPERVISORY SYSTEM BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to sensor and control systems for supervising fuel burners.
  • the sensor unit directly on the burner thus permittingimproved angular field of view coordination with the supervised burner, ensuring continued sensor alignment with a selected flame being monitored even upon adjustment of the burner orientation, increasing signal strength, improviding optical penetration of the coal shround when used in a coal burning system and improving discrimination among multiple flames.
  • the invention features a pair of flame sensors with associated circuitry for simulating periods of flame absence for each sensor, a pair of elements respectively electrically responsive to the sensors to assume a trouble state when an associated sensor indicates the absence of flame other than during a period of simulated flame absence, or when the sensor indicates the presence of flame during a period of simulated flame absence, and a flame failure alarm connected to signal when both elements are in their trouble states, thus indicating a likely absence of flame.
  • the elements are flame relays each connected to actuate an alarm when in its trouble state; both sensors are mounted in a liquid cooling jacket in turn mounted in a tube the inner wall of which is spaced from the outer wall of the jacket to permit passage of air past the sensors to prevent ash and the like from masking the sensors, thus making possible the mounting of the sensors closely adjacent the flame being supervised; the end of the tube nearest the flame has an air deflector and radiation suppressor; and two electrical power sources are connected in parallel to a fuel valve for the burner, the connections being through contacts under respective control of the flame relays, the sources also being connected to their alarms through contacts under respective control of the flame relays, each flame relay also being in effective control of contacts connected in series with a third power source and the flame failure alarm.
  • FIG. 1 is a view partially sectioned and partially schematic showing a fuel burner supervision system embodying the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged isometric view partially broken away showing the ultra-violet sensors and associated hardware illustrated generally in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 shows a fragment of a furnace fire wall 10 with an opening 12 in which is supported oil burner nozzle 14 having a fuel supply d t 6 e t ding through from boiler Plate 18 and provided with a solenoid operated fuel valve 20 outside plate 18.
  • scanner assembly 24 including an outer generally cylindrical guide tube 26 which has an axial opening 28 at one end closely adjacent burner 14 at fire wall opening 12 and extends parallel to conduit 16 through plate 18
  • a windbox 30 Surrounding conduit 16 and tube 26 between plate 18 and fire wall 10 is a windbox 30 with adjustable vanes 32 for admitting air into the windbox to burner 14, as shown by the arrows.
  • Scanner assembly 24 is shown in detail in FIG. 2.
  • Supported concentrically within tube 26 by centering spring is a double-walled water cooling jacket 42.
  • Water inlet and outlet passages 44 and 46 respectively, communicatewith annular zone 48 between the two jacket walls, and connect with water pipes 50 and 52 which, surrounded by strip wound flexible protective hose 54,,extend through an opening in the back wall 56 of assembly 24.
  • An internal baffle in zone 48 prevents flow of water directly from inlet to outlet.
  • two ultra-voilet senstive, avalanche breakdown type, photoelectric flame sensors 60 and 62 (e.g. as described in US. Pat. No. 3,416,041), respectively aligned with optical lenses 64 and 66 mounted at the front of jacket 42.
  • Sensors 60 and 62 are thus arranged for optical communication with burner flame 68 through lenses 64 and 66 and opening 28 along respective optical axes 70 and 72 parallel to the longitudinal axis 73 of tube 26. Since the sensors are rigidly mounted with respect to the burner nozzle, their alignment with the flame is preserved even in the event the burner position is shifted.
  • a shutter 74 having opaque tongues 76 and 77 spaced apart by an angle (between their radial center-lines) equal to the angle between axes 70, and 7 2.
  • the shutter is mounted for angular movement in its own plane about axis 73, driven by drive 78 through shaft 80, back and forth between a first position in which tongues 76 and 77 are aligned with axes and 72 to mask the sensors from flame 68, and a second position in which the sensors are exposed to the flame.
  • Electrical wiring 82 connected to the sensors and drive 78 extends through wall 56 to the control circuitry shown in FIG. 1. If desired, a baffle (not shown) can be placed between sensors 60 and 62 to prevent interference between the sensors.
  • Opening 28 is defined by a frusto-conical air deflector and radiation suppressor 84 secured to the front end of tube 26.
  • sensor 60 is connected through E fail-safe circuitry to a flame relay 92 which operates a set of contacts 94 having a first position (when relay 92 is energized) closing a circuit between electrical power source 96 and valve 20, and a second position (when relay 92 is deenergized, as shown in FIG. 1) closing a circuit between source 96 and relay 98 and alarm light 100 wired in parallel.
  • Circuitry 90 provides conventional signal modification and amplification, causes relay 92 to be energized whenever flame 68 is sensed by sensor 60, and is synchronized with the cycling frequency of shutter 74 to keep relay 92 energized during the periods of simulated flame absence which occur whenever the shutter tongues are in alignment with axes 70' and 72.
  • Relay 92 will drop out if flame 68 should go out, or if sensor 60 should signal the presence of flame during an expected period of simulated flame absence, or if sensor 60 should otherwise fail.
  • circuitry 90 is disclosed in US. Pat. No.'3,288,195.
  • circuitry 110 controls relay 112 in the same manner as circuitry 90 controls relay 92.
  • valve will be open, allowing the supply of fuel to burner nozzle 14. Should one flame relay be energized and the other deenergized, the cause of the deenergization will most likely be a sensor or circuit component failure, rather than a true absence of flame, and valve 20 will remain open while light 100 or 120 will signal the need for repair. Should both flame relays be deenergized, power sources 96 and 116 will both be isolated from valve 20 and the valve will close, shutting off the fuel supply, in this condition contacts 130 and 132 respectively operated by relays 98 and 118 will both close, completing a circuit between power source 134 and flame failure alarm light 136, thus signalling the likelihood that flame 68 is extinguished.
  • Sensors 60 and 62 are cooled by the water circulating through jacket 42. Air is supplied through inlet 140 at the outside end of tube 26 and circulated through the tube to exit at opening 28, providing a positive pressure to clear ash or other debris from in front of the sensors.
  • the sensors can be located very' close to flame 68 despite the high temperatures present there, increasing their ability to respond selectively and accurately to ultra-violet light in the flame being monitored.
  • the provision of two sensors and the circuitry described above minimizes unnecessary closure of valve 20.
  • cyclically operative means associated with said first and second flame sensors for periodically simulating flame absence for each sensor the interval of" simulated flame absence for each sensor being less than a predetermined interval of time
  • first circuitry responsive to the flame signal output of said first sensor and having a first state indicative of the absence of a flame signal output from said first sensor for interval greater than said predetersecond circuitry responsive to the flame signal output of said second sensor and having a first state indicativeof the absence of a flame signal output from said second flamesensor for an interval of time greater than said predetermined time interval and a second state indicative of the presence of a flame signal output from said second flame sensor, first and second switching means, 1 said first switching means enabling flow of fuel to said fuel burner in response to said first circuitry in said second state independently of said second switching means, second switching means enabling flow of fuel to said fuel burner in response to said second circuitry in said second state independently of said first switching means, and third circuitry responsive to said first and second circuitries, said third circuitry including a flame failure alarm connected to signal when both said first circuitry and said second circuitry are in their first states, thus indicating a likely absence of flame.v 2. The system of claim 1 wherein said first and second switching means are flame relays, an alarm associated with each
  • said guide tube includes at its forward end air deflector and radiation suppressor structure defining an optical aperutre for said sensors.
  • said sensors are of j a sensor assembly disposed in said tubular member, said sensor assembly comprising a sealed housing, jacket structurespaced rom said housing to define a chamber to which cooling liquid may be supplied for flow around said housing, optical window structure in the front wall of said housing, first and second photoelectric flame sensors in said housing in fixed optical alignment with said optical window structure and said outlet port, shutter means in said housing interposed between said sensors and said optical window means, and means to operate said shutter means for simulating at periodic intervals flame absence for each sensor,
  • outlet passage means extending through said tubular member from said jacket structure to apoint remote from said outlet'port for receiving cooling liquid after said cooling liquid has circulated through said chamber
  • a fuel burner supervisory system comprising an elongated tubular member, air deflector and radiation suppressor means at one end of said tubular member, said air deflector and radiation supressor means defining an outlet port,
  • a sensor assembly disposed in said tubular member, said sensor assembly comprising a sealed housing, jacket structure spaced from said housing to define a chamber through which cooling liquid may be supplied, optical window structure in the front wall of said housing, first and second photoelectric flame sensors in said housing in fixed optical alignment with said optical window structure and said outlet port, shutter means in said housing interposed between said sensors and said optical window means, and means to operate said shutter for simulating periods of flame absence for each sensor,
  • inlet passage means extending through said tubular member from a point remote to said outlet port to said jacket structure for supplying cooling liquid to said chamber to cool components mounted in said housing
  • outlet passage means extending through said tubular member from ,said jacket-structure to a point remote from said outlet port for receiving cooling liquid after said cooling liquid has circulated through said chamber
  • first circuitry responsive to the flame signal output of said first sensor and having a first state indicative of the absence of a flame signal output from said first sensor and a second state indicative of the presence of a flame signal output from said first flame sensor
  • said first switching means enabling flow of fuel to said fuel burner in response to said first circuitry in said second state independently of said second switchfirst circuitry and'said second circuitry are in theirfirst states, thus indicating a likely absence of flame.
  • first and second'switching means are flame relays, an alarm associated with each said relay, and each said relay is connected to actuate its associated alarm when in its second state.
  • the system of claim 12 further comprising two electrical power sources,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
US00240074A 1972-03-31 1972-03-31 Fuel burner supervisory system Expired - Lifetime US3825913A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00240074A US3825913A (en) 1972-03-31 1972-03-31 Fuel burner supervisory system
CA164,558A CA980444A (en) 1972-03-31 1973-02-26 Fuel burner supervisory system
GB1306173A GB1389166A (en) 1972-03-31 1973-03-19 Fuel burner supervisory apparatus
CH412073A CH564169A5 (enExample) 1972-03-31 1973-03-21
BE129321A BE797400A (fr) 1972-03-31 1973-03-27 Perfectionnements aux appareils de surveillance de bruleurs
DE2315527A DE2315527A1 (de) 1972-03-31 1973-03-28 Brennerueberwachungseinrichtung
FR7311091A FR2179400A5 (enExample) 1972-03-31 1973-03-28
NL7304484A NL7304484A (enExample) 1972-03-31 1973-03-30

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00240074A US3825913A (en) 1972-03-31 1972-03-31 Fuel burner supervisory system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3825913A true US3825913A (en) 1974-07-23

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ID=22905012

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00240074A Expired - Lifetime US3825913A (en) 1972-03-31 1972-03-31 Fuel burner supervisory system

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US3825913A (enExample)
BE (1) BE797400A (enExample)
CA (1) CA980444A (enExample)
CH (1) CH564169A5 (enExample)
DE (1) DE2315527A1 (enExample)
FR (1) FR2179400A5 (enExample)
GB (1) GB1389166A (enExample)
NL (1) NL7304484A (enExample)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3909184A (en) * 1974-10-15 1975-09-30 Arnold M Earl Flame control in furnace burners
US4421476A (en) * 1978-09-21 1983-12-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gasification burner
US4507702A (en) * 1982-03-09 1985-03-26 Tervcon Limited Relay controlled load
US4583938A (en) * 1983-06-08 1986-04-22 Gaz De France Gas burner of the pre-mixture type with flame control and utilization of that burner especially in an immersed pipe installation
US4860533A (en) * 1987-09-17 1989-08-29 Prutech Ii Torch igniter for a combustor having U.V. flame detection
WO1994015818A1 (en) * 1991-02-13 1994-07-21 Chick James S Automotive security system with discrimination between tampering and attack
US5961314A (en) * 1997-05-06 1999-10-05 Rosemount Aerospace Inc. Apparatus for detecting flame conditions in combustion systems
EP1312860A4 (en) * 2000-08-22 2007-02-28 Ebara Corp METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COMBUSTION TREATMENT OF EXHAUST GASES
US20070190470A1 (en) * 2006-02-02 2007-08-16 Aga Ab Method for igniting a burner
US20090117503A1 (en) * 2007-11-07 2009-05-07 Cain Bruce E Burner Control
DE102007059351B3 (de) * 2007-12-10 2009-05-14 Siemens Ag Pilotbrenner für universellen Brenngaseinsatz
US20130040254A1 (en) * 2011-08-08 2013-02-14 General Electric Company System and method for monitoring a combustor
US8469700B2 (en) 2005-09-29 2013-06-25 Rosemount Inc. Fouling and corrosion detector for burner tips in fired equipment
US20140287369A1 (en) * 2013-03-20 2014-09-25 Bruce George Yates Dual/Redundant Self Check Ultraviolet Flame Sensor and Combustion Safeguard Control
US20160369649A1 (en) * 2012-06-05 2016-12-22 General Electric Company High temperature flame sensor

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3331478A1 (de) * 1983-09-01 1985-03-21 Friedrich 3119 Bienenbüttel Bartels Verfahren und vorrichtung zur optischen ueberwachung von flammen
FR2615596A1 (fr) * 1987-05-18 1988-11-25 Alsace Gaz Ind Sa Dispositif de controle d'une flamme localisee dans une enceinte
FR2624260B1 (fr) * 1987-12-07 1991-10-18 Elettro Termica Sud Spa Appareil de chauffage a gaz

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3235860A (en) * 1960-06-29 1966-02-15 American District Telegraph Co Fire detector
US3263730A (en) * 1964-09-04 1966-08-02 Electronics Corp America Control apparatus
US3280882A (en) * 1964-04-06 1966-10-25 Babcock & Wilcox Co Flame detector arrangement
US3288195A (en) * 1966-11-29 Fail-safe control apparatus
US3358147A (en) * 1967-12-12 Control apparatus with time delay using rectifier
US3387135A (en) * 1965-07-26 1968-06-04 Honeywell Inc Fire detection and flame safeguard apparatus
US3437807A (en) * 1968-04-08 1969-04-08 Forney Eng Co Ultraviolet sensitive flame detector in cooled housing
US3463600A (en) * 1967-03-15 1969-08-26 Honeywell Inc Control apparatus with redundant features
US3486835A (en) * 1968-04-16 1969-12-30 Sun Ray Burner Mfg Corp Power conversion burner head
US3609382A (en) * 1969-08-15 1971-09-28 Forney International Light detector with cleaning and testing means

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3288195A (en) * 1966-11-29 Fail-safe control apparatus
US3358147A (en) * 1967-12-12 Control apparatus with time delay using rectifier
US3235860A (en) * 1960-06-29 1966-02-15 American District Telegraph Co Fire detector
US3280882A (en) * 1964-04-06 1966-10-25 Babcock & Wilcox Co Flame detector arrangement
US3263730A (en) * 1964-09-04 1966-08-02 Electronics Corp America Control apparatus
US3387135A (en) * 1965-07-26 1968-06-04 Honeywell Inc Fire detection and flame safeguard apparatus
US3463600A (en) * 1967-03-15 1969-08-26 Honeywell Inc Control apparatus with redundant features
US3437807A (en) * 1968-04-08 1969-04-08 Forney Eng Co Ultraviolet sensitive flame detector in cooled housing
US3486835A (en) * 1968-04-16 1969-12-30 Sun Ray Burner Mfg Corp Power conversion burner head
US3609382A (en) * 1969-08-15 1971-09-28 Forney International Light detector with cleaning and testing means

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3909184A (en) * 1974-10-15 1975-09-30 Arnold M Earl Flame control in furnace burners
US4421476A (en) * 1978-09-21 1983-12-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Gasification burner
US4507702A (en) * 1982-03-09 1985-03-26 Tervcon Limited Relay controlled load
US4583938A (en) * 1983-06-08 1986-04-22 Gaz De France Gas burner of the pre-mixture type with flame control and utilization of that burner especially in an immersed pipe installation
US4860533A (en) * 1987-09-17 1989-08-29 Prutech Ii Torch igniter for a combustor having U.V. flame detection
WO1994015818A1 (en) * 1991-02-13 1994-07-21 Chick James S Automotive security system with discrimination between tampering and attack
US5961314A (en) * 1997-05-06 1999-10-05 Rosemount Aerospace Inc. Apparatus for detecting flame conditions in combustion systems
EP1312860A4 (en) * 2000-08-22 2007-02-28 Ebara Corp METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COMBUSTION TREATMENT OF EXHAUST GASES
US8469700B2 (en) 2005-09-29 2013-06-25 Rosemount Inc. Fouling and corrosion detector for burner tips in fired equipment
US20070190470A1 (en) * 2006-02-02 2007-08-16 Aga Ab Method for igniting a burner
US7618254B2 (en) * 2006-02-02 2009-11-17 Aga Ab Method for igniting a burner
US20090117503A1 (en) * 2007-11-07 2009-05-07 Cain Bruce E Burner Control
DE102007059351B3 (de) * 2007-12-10 2009-05-14 Siemens Ag Pilotbrenner für universellen Brenngaseinsatz
CN101702931B (zh) * 2007-12-10 2012-02-08 西门子公司 用于通用可燃气体的引燃器
US20130040254A1 (en) * 2011-08-08 2013-02-14 General Electric Company System and method for monitoring a combustor
US20160369649A1 (en) * 2012-06-05 2016-12-22 General Electric Company High temperature flame sensor
US10392959B2 (en) * 2012-06-05 2019-08-27 General Electric Company High temperature flame sensor
US20140287369A1 (en) * 2013-03-20 2014-09-25 Bruce George Yates Dual/Redundant Self Check Ultraviolet Flame Sensor and Combustion Safeguard Control

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2315527A1 (de) 1973-10-11
BE797400A (fr) 1973-07-16
CA980444A (en) 1975-12-23
CH564169A5 (enExample) 1975-07-15
NL7304484A (enExample) 1973-10-02
GB1389166A (en) 1975-04-03
FR2179400A5 (enExample) 1973-11-16

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AS Assignment

Owner name: ELECTRONICS CORPORATION OF AMERICA, A CORP. OF DE

Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNORS:ELECTRONICS CORPORATION OF AMERICA (MERGED INTO);NELCOA, INC., (CHANGED TO);REEL/FRAME:005208/0341

Effective date: 19861114

Owner name: ALLEN-BRADLEY COMPANY, INC., A CORP. OF WI

Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:ELECTRONICS CORPORATION OF AMERICA;REEL/FRAME:005145/0648

Effective date: 19880928

AS Assignment

Owner name: FIREYE, INC., A CORP. OF DE

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:ALLEN-BRADLEY COMPANY, INC., A CORP. OF WI;REEL/FRAME:005903/0528

Effective date: 19911028