US20140287369A1 - Dual/Redundant Self Check Ultraviolet Flame Sensor and Combustion Safeguard Control - Google Patents

Dual/Redundant Self Check Ultraviolet Flame Sensor and Combustion Safeguard Control Download PDF

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Publication number
US20140287369A1
US20140287369A1 US13/847,637 US201313847637A US2014287369A1 US 20140287369 A1 US20140287369 A1 US 20140287369A1 US 201313847637 A US201313847637 A US 201313847637A US 2014287369 A1 US2014287369 A1 US 2014287369A1
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Prior art keywords
flame
fuel valve
tube
self check
tubes
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Abandoned
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US13/847,637
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Bruce George Yates
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to US13/847,637 priority Critical patent/US20140287369A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/08—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements
    • F23N5/082—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements using electronic means

Definitions

  • the preferred optical flame detector is an ultraviolet sensitive, cold cathode, gas discharge tube, hereinafter generally referred to as a UV tube.
  • a UV tube When ultraviolet rays from a flame are incident upon the UV tube and sufficient voltage potential exists across the electrodes in the tube, the UV tube conducts. This current is an input to a combustion safeguard control, which amplifies this input and provides an output to the fuel valve(s). It is possible for a UV tube to fail in the conduction mode with no UV present. Self check UV tube sensors with mechanical shutters that intermittently shield the UV tube from the flame to identify a failed UV tube are subject to mechanical failure due to wear and temperature degradation on the moving parts.
  • FIG. 1 is a series of diagrams illustrating voltage waveforms
  • FIG. 2 is a wiring diagram illustrating the interconnection of the dual/redundant self check ultraviolet sensor, the combustion safeguard control with transformer 180° phase differential, and burner fuel valve(s).
  • the purpose of this invention is to include two UV tubes in one ultraviolet sensor to monitor one burner flame. Since UV tubes produce UV rays when they conduct, two UV tubes in one sensor would not normally be suitable for sensing a burner flame, as one UV tube could be responding to the other tube and not the flame.
  • the Dual/Redundant self check ultraviolet flame sensor and combustion safeguard control features voltage supply to the UV tubes that are out of phase with each other.
  • the two UV tubes are powered thru two rectifier circuits from two transformers that are out of phase with each other.
  • the two UV tubes are powered and sense UV from the flame on alternating half cycles (See FIG. 1 .)
  • Each UV tube and rectifier circuit provides input to its own amplifier.
  • Each amplifier provides input to its own flame relay (See FIG. 2 .)

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)

Abstract

Two UV tubes are contained in one ultraviolet sensor to monitor one burner flame. Each UV tube is powered during a different time cycle to eliminate interference between the two UV tubes. This is made possible by two rectifier circuits being powered by two transformers that are 180° out of phase with each other. Self check is accomplished by the redundancy of two amplifiers providing output to two flame relays so that if one UV tube was to fail in the conducting mode, the combustion safeguard control will continue to safely monitor the flame by powering the fuel valve when the flame is present and removing power to the fuel valve when the flame goes out.

Description

    BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • Industrial burners utilize a flame sensor with a combustion safeguard control to enable opening of the fuel valve(s) in the presence of a flame or conversely, to close the fuel valve(s) in the absence of a flame. The preferred optical flame detector is an ultraviolet sensitive, cold cathode, gas discharge tube, hereinafter generally referred to as a UV tube. When ultraviolet rays from a flame are incident upon the UV tube and sufficient voltage potential exists across the electrodes in the tube, the UV tube conducts. This current is an input to a combustion safeguard control, which amplifies this input and provides an output to the fuel valve(s). It is possible for a UV tube to fail in the conduction mode with no UV present. Self check UV tube sensors with mechanical shutters that intermittently shield the UV tube from the flame to identify a failed UV tube are subject to mechanical failure due to wear and temperature degradation on the moving parts.
    • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL DRAWING VIEWS
  • FIG. 1 is a series of diagrams illustrating voltage waveforms;
  • FIG. 2 is a wiring diagram illustrating the interconnection of the dual/redundant self check ultraviolet sensor, the combustion safeguard control with transformer 180° phase differential, and burner fuel valve(s).
    •  DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • The purpose of this invention is to include two UV tubes in one ultraviolet sensor to monitor one burner flame. Since UV tubes produce UV rays when they conduct, two UV tubes in one sensor would not normally be suitable for sensing a burner flame, as one UV tube could be responding to the other tube and not the flame.
  • The Dual/Redundant self check ultraviolet flame sensor and combustion safeguard control features voltage supply to the UV tubes that are out of phase with each other. When one UV tube is powered and may respond to UV rays, the other UV tube is off. The two UV tubes are powered thru two rectifier circuits from two transformers that are out of phase with each other. The two UV tubes are powered and sense UV from the flame on alternating half cycles (See FIG. 1.) Each UV tube and rectifier circuit provides input to its own amplifier. Each amplifier provides input to its own flame relay (See FIG. 2.) Upon burner startup, before burner ignition, if either UV tube is in conduction, the safe start check circuit does not permit powering the fuel valve.
  • During the burner run cycle, if either UV tube fails in a conduction state, the cycle will safely continue with the other UV tube sensing the burner flame.

Claims (4)

1. In a burner fuel valve control, a control circuit consists of two UV tubes in one sensor housing, the rectifier circuits, two transformers 180° out of phase with each other, two amplifiers, two flame relays (output from amplifier), a safe start circuit and an output circuit controlling said burner fuel valve in response to combined circuit.
2. The control circuit of claim 1 wherein output circuit opens fuel valve in response to said presence of UV rays.
3. The control circuit of claim 1 wherein output circuit closes fuel valve in response to said absence of UV rays.
4. The control circuit of claim 1 wherein output circuit closes fuel valve in response to said absence of UV rays even if a UV tube fails in a conducting mode.
US13/847,637 2013-03-20 2013-03-20 Dual/Redundant Self Check Ultraviolet Flame Sensor and Combustion Safeguard Control Abandoned US20140287369A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/847,637 US20140287369A1 (en) 2013-03-20 2013-03-20 Dual/Redundant Self Check Ultraviolet Flame Sensor and Combustion Safeguard Control

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/847,637 US20140287369A1 (en) 2013-03-20 2013-03-20 Dual/Redundant Self Check Ultraviolet Flame Sensor and Combustion Safeguard Control

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US20140287369A1 true US20140287369A1 (en) 2014-09-25

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Citations (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3185846A (en) * 1961-05-16 1965-05-25 Bailey Meter Co Ultra-violet radiation flame monitor
US3205359A (en) * 1961-10-09 1965-09-07 Electronics Corp America Combustion supervision system with quantum detector
US3274580A (en) * 1962-08-10 1966-09-20 Electronics Corp America Radiation detection device circuits for use in flame sensing
US3280882A (en) * 1964-04-06 1966-10-25 Babcock & Wilcox Co Flame detector arrangement
US3299416A (en) * 1964-03-27 1967-01-17 Bailey Meter Co Fail-safe flame detector
US3463600A (en) * 1967-03-15 1969-08-26 Honeywell Inc Control apparatus with redundant features
US3543260A (en) * 1968-07-24 1970-11-24 Honeywell Inc Self checking interuder and fire detector units and system
US3643093A (en) * 1970-05-25 1972-02-15 Mc Graw Edison Co Ultraviolet detector system
US3683372A (en) * 1971-05-27 1972-08-08 Robert Horn Multimode self-checking flame detector
US3689773A (en) * 1971-02-01 1972-09-05 Bailey Miters & Controls Ltd Flame monitor system and method using multiple radiation sensors
US3755799A (en) * 1972-07-31 1973-08-28 Pyronics Inc Ultraviolet flame detector
US3825913A (en) * 1972-03-31 1974-07-23 Electronics Corp America Fuel burner supervisory system
US3892975A (en) * 1973-06-20 1975-07-01 Westinghouse Electric Corp Gas turbine power plant control apparatus having improved monitoring and alarm elements
US3940753A (en) * 1973-09-25 1976-02-24 Cerberus Ag Detection of presence or absence of flames
US4051375A (en) * 1976-01-02 1977-09-27 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Discriminating flame detector
US4415806A (en) * 1978-04-25 1983-11-15 Cerberus Ag Radiation detector for a flame alarm
US5549469A (en) * 1994-02-28 1996-08-27 Eclipse Combustion, Inc. Multiple burner control system
US20120138809A1 (en) * 2010-10-08 2012-06-07 Kurt-Henry Mindermann Apparatus and method for detecting the presence of a flame
US20120280134A1 (en) * 2011-05-02 2012-11-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Monitoring of the presence of two flames in a fuel combustion device

Patent Citations (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3185846A (en) * 1961-05-16 1965-05-25 Bailey Meter Co Ultra-violet radiation flame monitor
US3205359A (en) * 1961-10-09 1965-09-07 Electronics Corp America Combustion supervision system with quantum detector
US3274580A (en) * 1962-08-10 1966-09-20 Electronics Corp America Radiation detection device circuits for use in flame sensing
US3299416A (en) * 1964-03-27 1967-01-17 Bailey Meter Co Fail-safe flame detector
US3280882A (en) * 1964-04-06 1966-10-25 Babcock & Wilcox Co Flame detector arrangement
US3463600A (en) * 1967-03-15 1969-08-26 Honeywell Inc Control apparatus with redundant features
US3543260A (en) * 1968-07-24 1970-11-24 Honeywell Inc Self checking interuder and fire detector units and system
US3643093A (en) * 1970-05-25 1972-02-15 Mc Graw Edison Co Ultraviolet detector system
US3689773A (en) * 1971-02-01 1972-09-05 Bailey Miters & Controls Ltd Flame monitor system and method using multiple radiation sensors
US3683372A (en) * 1971-05-27 1972-08-08 Robert Horn Multimode self-checking flame detector
US3825913A (en) * 1972-03-31 1974-07-23 Electronics Corp America Fuel burner supervisory system
US3755799A (en) * 1972-07-31 1973-08-28 Pyronics Inc Ultraviolet flame detector
US3892975A (en) * 1973-06-20 1975-07-01 Westinghouse Electric Corp Gas turbine power plant control apparatus having improved monitoring and alarm elements
US3940753A (en) * 1973-09-25 1976-02-24 Cerberus Ag Detection of presence or absence of flames
US4051375A (en) * 1976-01-02 1977-09-27 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Discriminating flame detector
US4415806A (en) * 1978-04-25 1983-11-15 Cerberus Ag Radiation detector for a flame alarm
US5549469A (en) * 1994-02-28 1996-08-27 Eclipse Combustion, Inc. Multiple burner control system
US20120138809A1 (en) * 2010-10-08 2012-06-07 Kurt-Henry Mindermann Apparatus and method for detecting the presence of a flame
US20120280134A1 (en) * 2011-05-02 2012-11-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Monitoring of the presence of two flames in a fuel combustion device

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