US3824902A - Device for producing gas flows - Google Patents

Device for producing gas flows Download PDF

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Publication number
US3824902A
US3824902A US00132996A US13299671A US3824902A US 3824902 A US3824902 A US 3824902A US 00132996 A US00132996 A US 00132996A US 13299671 A US13299671 A US 13299671A US 3824902 A US3824902 A US 3824902A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
container
gas
bellows
volume
constant
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00132996A
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English (en)
Inventor
S Olsson
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Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
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Siemens Corp
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Publication date
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Publication of US3824902A publication Critical patent/US3824902A/en
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0057—Pumps therefor
    • A61M16/0075—Bellows-type
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
    • A61M16/105—Filters
    • A61M16/106—Filters in a path
    • A61M16/107—Filters in a path in the inspiratory path
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/7722—Line condition change responsive valves
    • Y10T137/7781—With separate connected fluid reactor surface
    • Y10T137/7793—With opening bias [e.g., pressure regulator]
    • Y10T137/7831—With mechanical movement between actuator and valve
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/87571—Multiple inlet with single outlet
    • Y10T137/87676—With flow control
    • Y10T137/87684—Valve in each inlet

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A device for producing gas flows particularly for the 1558/31 operation of a respirator, is characterized by a contamer for the gas the volume of which is variable Fleld of Search 505-36, 505142, within predetermined limits and which is connected 137/5O5-461 50547, 606; 138/30, 31; 92/40 with an inflow line and an outflow line.
  • the device includes means producing a constant gas pressure in the [56] References Cited container which is independent from its volume.
  • the operation of respirators has various requirements concerning the operational pressure of the breathing gas.
  • the operational pressure must be sufficiently high to produce the desired breathingin flow; (the operational pressure must overcome the pressure drop resulting from resistance in inflow circuits and in breathing passages of the patient, as well as an increase in pressure in the lungs of the patient which is dependant from the volume).
  • the operational pressure should not exceed a'predetermined value.
  • the normal volume per minute of the breathing gas supplied to the respirator amounts to between 1 to 30 l/min., while the flow supplied to the patient in the breathing-in phase can reach 150 l/min. If there is no central high pressure system, a compressor is required for the operation of the respirator. A compressor of this type is always calculated for the highest flow so that it is rather unwieldy, has a high noise range and is quite expensive in purchase price and operation.
  • An object of the present invention is the provision of a device of the described type wherein, on the one hand, the desired operational pressure value can be obtained in a simple manner and on the other hand, the technical expenditure for producing the desired flows is small, particularly for the high flows in respirators'in the breathing-in phase.
  • the present invention provides by simple means that an operational pressure value which has been once set will always remain constant independently from outside influences.
  • respirators with servooperation there is also the additional advantage that the stability of flow operation of the breathing gas is greatly improved by the constant operational pressure. Since operational pressure is actually produced in the container, the device can be connected selectively to a high pressure system or a low pressure system or to a combination of the two systems.
  • a gas container having a correspondingly variable volume between the actual gas suppliers (high or low pressure systems) and the respirator it is provided that during the operational phase of the respirator when substantially no gas is supplied to the patient (breathing-out phase), breathing gas is accumulated in the gas container and then in the breathing-in phase enough gas is available for producing the desired high breathing-in flow.
  • compressors for example, can be also used for the operation of the respirator, the dimensions of which can be calculated for the average flow instead of the highest flow. Such compressors are less unwieldy, produce less noise and are cheaper.
  • the constant pressure is produced by a constant force acting upon the container and independent from the volume of the container.
  • the present invention it is advantageous to provide means for operating the gas supply to the container in such manner that when the volume of the container becomes smaller, the supply of gas is correspondingly increased. This makes certain that the container will always have enough gas even if large amounts of gas are to be removed. For safety reasons it is also necessary to provide means which interrupt the flow of gas to the container when the upper volume limit has been reached.
  • a device of the present invention wherein several gases are supplied to the container and the removal of the gas mixture is regulated depending upon the desired outflow value, it is advantageous to provide regulating means for all gases, besides the one gas, to set the desired constant inflow values to the container for these gases and operate the supply of only the remaining gas depending upon the then existing container vol ume. Then it is possible to supply to the patient additional gases, for example oxygen or narcose gas, in precisely regulated amounts without affecting the total flow.
  • additional gases for example oxygen or narcose gas
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic side view partly in section of a device of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic side view illustrating a spring system used in the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a foldable bellows 1 which is the container receiving gas, such as breathing gas from a pipe 2 containing a filter 3.
  • the volume of the bellows 1 can be changed within predetermined limits.
  • the bellows 1 is subjected to a constant pressing force independent from the volume of the bellows, as will be described in detail hereinafter. This constant pressure exerting force causes the gas pressure in the bellows 1 to remain always constant independently of the volume of the bellows'l.
  • the pipe 2 is connected with a total of three supply pipes 4, 5 and 6 having check valves 7, 8 and 9 for the supply of different gases to the pipe 2.
  • the pipes 4 and 5 can be used for the supply of oxygen, narcose gas or air from low pressure systems while the pipe 6 can be used to supply air from a high pressure system.
  • the pipe 6 then has a valve 10 operating depending upon the volume of the bellows.
  • the bellows 1 has an outflow pipe 11 extending to a respirator (not shown) and provided with a safety valve 12 which connects the pipe 11 with outside air when the upper volume limit of the bellows 1 is exceeded.
  • the valve 10 in the inflow pipe 6 has a valve plate 13a which in its position of rest is pressed by a spring 14 against the valve seat 13b.
  • the valve plate 13a is connected with a rod 15 which engages a lever arm 16 swingable about a fixed axis 16.
  • the lower portion 17 of the bellows 1 operates upon the arm 16 in such manner that when the volume of the bellowsl is diminished the arm will be swung counter clockwise about the axis 16'.
  • the rotation of the arm 16 causes the raising of the valve plate 13a from the valve seat 13b against the action of the spring 14, so that air will be introduced into the bellows 1 through the pipe 6.
  • the arm 16 is-so arranged with respect to the rod 15, that it will notexert anyforce upon the rod 15 when the bellows 1 is filled with gas to a greater extent than onehalf of its maximum volume. Thus the valve 10 is always closed when the bellows 1 has such volume values.
  • the device shown in FIG. 1 operates as follows:
  • a gas mixture consisting, for example, of oxygen, narcose gas and air
  • this can be accomplished, for example, by connecting the sources of oxygen and narcose gases to the pipes 4 and 5 and connecting the gas source for air to the pipe 6.
  • the desired flow valves for oxygen and narcose gas can be set and held constant by flow measurer and suitable set valves (not shown) located in the conduits 4 and 5.
  • a flow regulator (not shown is provided in the pipe 11 extending from the bellows 1 to the respirator for regulating the desired flow of breathing gas from the bellows to the respirator.
  • the part 17 of the bellows 1 will cause the opening of the valve 12 when the highest volume value is reached. This prevents a pres sure increase in the bellows 1 which would be higher than the preset constant pressure value.
  • FIG. 1 permits the mixing of a total of three gases. Obviously the number of gases to be mixed can be increased at will by providing a correspondingly greater number of supply pipes connected to the pipe 2.
  • the bellows 1 consists preferably of a plurality of slack bags placed next to each other and pheumatically interconnected. Its volume should be preferably variable between 0.5 l. to 1.5 l. limits.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a spring system for producing a constant pressure force exerted upon the bellows l.
  • the bellows 1 and the spring system are located in a casing 18. A part of the bellows 1 is fixed to the cover 19 of the'casing 18 while its other end has a'plate 20 firmly connected with a lever arm 21.
  • the lever arm 21 is swingably mounted upon an axial pivot 22.
  • a first pull spring 23 has a hooked end connected firmly with the casing 18 by a member 25, while its other end engages a part 24 of the lever arm 21 and exerts a pulling force thereon.
  • the pull of the spring 23 causes the arm 21 to swing counter clockwise about its pivot 22so that pressure is exerted upon the bellows 1.
  • a second pull spring 26 is provided between another connecting part 28 of the casing 18 and apart 27 of the lever arm 21 to make certain that the lever arm 21 will always exert a constant force upon the bellows 1 within the operating range irrespective of its swinging position.
  • the location of the part 27 engaged by the spring 26 upon the lever arm 21 is so selected relatively to the axis of rotation 22 of the lever arm 21, that in the end position of the lever arm 21 (shown by broken lines in FIG. 2) in which the bellows 1 will have reached its maximum volume, the line connecting the fixed part 28 with the spring engaging part 27 will extend through the center of the axis 22 of the lever arm 21. In this end position of the lever arm 21 the spring 26 will not exert any turning moment upon the leverarm. Then the entire pressure force upon the bellows 1 will be exerted only by the spring 23.
  • the spring 23 will be increasingly relaxed.
  • the diminution of the pulling force 23 produces a decrease in its turning moment and thus also a decrease of the force with which the lever arm 21 presses upon the bellows 1.
  • the spring 26 can be so dimensioned that the elasticity of the bellows 1 or similar force influencing factors can be compensated at the same time.
  • a corresponding dimensioning of the spring system can also provide a so-called cover-compensation, for example, in such manner that the spring system will exert an increasing force upon the bellows 1 while the volume of the bellows is diminishing.
  • valve devices can be replaced by other similarly operating devices.
  • a spring system producing a constant pressure force upon the container can be used which is different from that illustrated.
  • the constant force can be also produced by systems which have no springs, for example by weights pressing by their gravitational force upon the container.
  • a device for producing gas flows particularly for a respirator, comprising a gas container having a volume which is variable within predetermined limits, a
  • said force means comprise a lever swingable about a fixed axis and two springs engaging one end of said lever with a turning moment to press the other end of said lever against said container, said two springs having adjacent ends engaging parts of said one end of the lever, the location of said parts relatively to the axis of the lever being such that when the turning moment produced by one spring is changed, the other spring compensates for this change to maintain the turning moment constant.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
US00132996A 1970-04-13 1971-04-12 Device for producing gas flows Expired - Lifetime US3824902A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE05025/70A SE358296B (is") 1970-04-13 1970-04-13

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4312503A1 (de) * 1993-04-16 1994-10-20 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Faltenbalg
US5556193A (en) * 1995-06-06 1996-09-17 Adac Plastics, Inc. Motor vehicle lamp with improved ventilating means
US6234170B1 (en) 1997-11-20 2001-05-22 Siemens Elema Ab Gas pressure generator
US6539975B2 (en) 2001-02-07 2003-04-01 Siemens Elema Ab Arrangement for maintaining gas in a variable volume container at a constant pressure
US6910484B1 (en) 1999-05-10 2005-06-28 Maquet Critical Care Ab Constant pressure generator

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2344278A1 (fr) 1976-03-19 1977-10-14 Air Liquide Respirateur
WO2021168453A1 (en) * 2020-02-22 2021-08-26 Daniel Klotzer Non-hooke's law spring constant systems and methods

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1145601A (en) * 1914-02-02 1915-07-06 Louis Lemoine Pressure-reducing valve for gas.
US1666609A (en) * 1926-02-16 1928-04-17 Soffge Hermann Pressure regulator
US1839980A (en) * 1929-08-12 1932-01-05 American Atmos Corp Breathing apparatus
US2071986A (en) * 1936-02-07 1937-02-23 George M Quave Bellows
US2888948A (en) * 1953-02-17 1959-06-02 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Static pressure regulator
US2905193A (en) * 1957-02-21 1959-09-22 Eclipse Fuel Eng Co Pressure regulating valve construction and counterbalancing means therefor
US2915059A (en) * 1955-07-19 1959-12-01 Michel Piel Autonomous closed-cycle diving apparatus

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1145601A (en) * 1914-02-02 1915-07-06 Louis Lemoine Pressure-reducing valve for gas.
US1666609A (en) * 1926-02-16 1928-04-17 Soffge Hermann Pressure regulator
US1839980A (en) * 1929-08-12 1932-01-05 American Atmos Corp Breathing apparatus
US2071986A (en) * 1936-02-07 1937-02-23 George M Quave Bellows
US2888948A (en) * 1953-02-17 1959-06-02 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Static pressure regulator
US2915059A (en) * 1955-07-19 1959-12-01 Michel Piel Autonomous closed-cycle diving apparatus
US2905193A (en) * 1957-02-21 1959-09-22 Eclipse Fuel Eng Co Pressure regulating valve construction and counterbalancing means therefor

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4312503A1 (de) * 1993-04-16 1994-10-20 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Faltenbalg
US5556193A (en) * 1995-06-06 1996-09-17 Adac Plastics, Inc. Motor vehicle lamp with improved ventilating means
US6234170B1 (en) 1997-11-20 2001-05-22 Siemens Elema Ab Gas pressure generator
US6910484B1 (en) 1999-05-10 2005-06-28 Maquet Critical Care Ab Constant pressure generator
US6539975B2 (en) 2001-02-07 2003-04-01 Siemens Elema Ab Arrangement for maintaining gas in a variable volume container at a constant pressure
EP1230942A3 (en) * 2001-02-07 2004-01-21 Siemens-Elema AB Gas container

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2107129A1 (de) 1971-10-28
DE2107129B2 (de) 1976-05-06
GB1344321A (en) 1974-01-23
SE358296B (is") 1973-07-30

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