US3824165A - Gel trough removing device - Google Patents

Gel trough removing device Download PDF

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Publication number
US3824165A
US3824165A US40295073A US3824165A US 3824165 A US3824165 A US 3824165A US 40295073 A US40295073 A US 40295073A US 3824165 A US3824165 A US 3824165A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
gel
trough
wire
bend
handle
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
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E Miranda
L Seitz
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Bayer Corp
Original Assignee
Baxter Laboratories Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Baxter Laboratories Inc filed Critical Baxter Laboratories Inc
Priority to US40295073 priority Critical patent/US3824165A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3824165A publication Critical patent/US3824165A/en
Priority to CA207,500A priority patent/CA1026708A/en
Priority to IL45540A priority patent/IL45540A/en
Priority to ZA00745474A priority patent/ZA745474B/xx
Priority to GB3791974A priority patent/GB1437554A/en
Priority to DE2442368A priority patent/DE2442368A1/de
Priority to JP10659074A priority patent/JPS5062695A/ja
Priority to FR7431473A priority patent/FR2246360B1/fr
Priority to AU73439/74A priority patent/AU478596B2/en
Priority to IT2749674A priority patent/IT1022136B/it
Priority to DK501974A priority patent/DK501974A/da
Priority to BE149076A priority patent/BE820545A/xx
Priority to SE7412422A priority patent/SE7412422L/xx
Priority to ES1974206328U priority patent/ES206328Y/es
Assigned to COOPER LABORATORES, INC. reassignment COOPER LABORATORES, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: BAXTER TRAVENOL LABORATORIES, INC., A CORP. OF DE
Assigned to TECHNICON INSTRUMENTS CORPORATION, 511 BENEDICT AVENUE, TARRYTOWN, NEW YORK 10591-6097, A CORP. OF DE. reassignment TECHNICON INSTRUMENTS CORPORATION, 511 BENEDICT AVENUE, TARRYTOWN, NEW YORK 10591-6097, A CORP. OF DE. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: COOPER LABORATORIES, INC.,
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/416—Systems
    • G01N27/447—Systems using electrophoresis
    • G01N27/44704—Details; Accessories
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/02—Other than completely through work thickness
    • Y10T83/0304—Grooving

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an implement for use with gel electrophoresis and, more particularly, to a gel trough removing tool.
  • Electrophoresis is the movement in an electric field of charged particles such as, for example, inorganic ions, proteins such as albumin, en- Zymes, hemoglobin, blood serum, carbohydrates and the like substances in a suitable transport medium.
  • charged particles such as, for example, inorganic ions, proteins such as albumin, en- Zymes, hemoglobin, blood serum, carbohydrates and the like substances in a suitable transport medium.
  • These charged particles, as constituents of particular mixtures will migrate with different mobilities when the mixture in solution is placed in an electric field. While the current is flowing, the charged particles will move continuously at variable velocities and separate into different groups or patterns and thereby provide an effective means for resolving the components of certain mixtures.
  • migration support media for the electrophoretic separation of biological and other such substances are known, for example, elastic hydrophilic gel materials such as agar, agarose, polyacrylamide and starch, and more rigid materials such as cellulose acetate strips, filter paper and various other microporous films.
  • elastic hydrophilic gel materials such as agar, agarose, polyacrylamide and starch
  • rigid materials such as cellulose acetate strips, filter paper and various other microporous films.
  • the present invention is concerned with electrophoretic separations which empoly gel materials as the migration support media.
  • Typical devices for carrying out such gel electrophoretic separations are those described, for example, in US. Pats. 3,047,489; 3,129,158; 3,407,133; 3,563,- 880; 3,578,604; 3,674,678; 3,715,295; 3,718,436; and 3,736,100.
  • Conventional gel materials used in these devices such as agar are further described, for example, in US. Pats. 2,843,540; 3,062,731; and 3,497,437.
  • the molten gel material is poured in a shallow, open receptacle, plate or tray and allowed to solidify upon cooling and thereby form a semisolid gel medium.
  • circular wells and/or elongated troughs are punched or otherwise formed in the gel for the placement of blood specimens, antisera or other such biologically reactive substances.
  • the wells can be conveniently formed in a predetermined pattern by punching holes through a template, such as shown in FIG. 4 of U.S. Pat. 3,407,133, with a suitable punch or drill.
  • the formation of an elongated trough in the gel is attendant with various difficulties and problems.
  • the trough is cut with a die or knife and then a wooden probe such as toothpick is used to remove the cut gel portion from the trough zone.
  • This procedure is very inconvenient and tedious and frequently results in imperfectly formed troughs which can undesirably afiect the accuracy of the electrophoretic migration patterns.
  • the laboratory technician is not very precise in using the wooden probe, the wall of the gel in the trough will become gouged and torn.
  • both circular wells and elongated troughs are desired in the gel tray, Protein samples or other such fluid biological specimens are placed in the wells and the tray is then electrophoresed. Distinct zones are formed as the proteins migrate according to their individual mobilities during the electrophoresis. Subsequently, the elongated troughs are filled with anti-body or other such fluid biological substances and the gel tray is incubated to allow both the separated proteins and the anti-body to diffuse through the gel and combine to form the characteristic arc-shaped immuno-electrophoretic patterns.
  • the gel trough removing tool of this invention comprises a finger grippab'le handle, an elongated, flexible narrow gauge wire extending outwardly from one end and a reduced blade portion terminating in a knife edge at the other end of said handle, said knife edge having a length substantially the same as the width of the trough to be cut, said wire terminating in a short U- shaped, downwardly disposed ben-d transverse to the axis of said wire, said bend having an inner width between its vertical legs slightly less than the predetermined width of said trough and the height of the vertical legs of said bend being greater than the predetermined depth of said trough.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the elements of the gel trough removing tool of the invention in operation.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the gel trough removing tool.
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of the gel trough removing tool.
  • FIG. 4 is a front end view of the gel trough removing tool.
  • FIG. 5 is a rear end view of the gel trough removing tool.
  • FIG. 6 is a side view of another embodiment of the gel trough removing tool.
  • FIG. 7 is a top view of the gel trough removing tool of FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 8 is a front end view of the gel trough removing tool of FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 9 is a rear end view of the gel trough removing tool of FIG. 6.
  • the gel trough removing tool is generally indicated by 11 and comprises handle 12, elongated wire 13 and blade 14.
  • Handle 12 in the illustrative embodiment shown in the drawings has a generally rectangular parallelepiped configuration in which sides 15 and 16 are adapted for finger gripping. Sides 15 and 16 can also be concave to further facilitate such finger gripping.
  • Wire 13 Extending outwardly from forward end 17 of handle 12 is elongated wire 13.
  • Wire 13 has a short U-shaped bend 18 at its distal end. Bend 18 is downwardly disposed and transverse to the axis of wire 13.
  • the height of vertical legs 19 and 20 of bend 18 should be at least slightly greater than the depth of trough 27 to be removed in the gel layer of tray 26.
  • leg 19 is slightly longer than leg 18 in order to provide adequate clearance for handle 12 as it passes over tray 26 during use of the gel trough removing tool.
  • the height of legs 19 and 20 need only be slightly greater than said thickness. However, due to the difliculty in making such a short bend with a wire of the desired gauge, the height of legs 19 and 20 generally will be at least about 0.2 inch. The height of legs 19 and 20 can be as great as about one inch but use of greater heights results in awk- Ward and inconvenient operation of tool 11 in practice.
  • the gauge and length of wire 13 are adapted to provide flexibility whereby the wire is self-guiding along the walls of the trough and yet is sufiiciently rigid to overcome the resistance of the gel in operation of tool 11.
  • a length of about 1-3 inches is preferred and 2 inches is most preferred.
  • a wire of substantially greater length is too difficult to guide in the trough, and a wire of substantially shorter length is not of sufii cient flexibility, to compensate for the normal unsteadiness of the hand in manual operation.
  • the gauge of wire 13 also must be such that the sum of two diameters of wire 13 and one width of the trough will be only slightly greater than the width of the trough itself. This unique relationship is dependent on the requirement that the width of the gel strip removed from the trough must fit in the space 21 and yet the dimension 23 (which includes space 21 plus two diameters of wire 13 indicated by reference numerals 22) must not be substantially greater than the width of the trough itself.
  • the natural elasticity of the gel permits the dimension 23 to have a width slightly greater than the width of the trough and permits dimension 21 to have a width slightly less than the width of the trough. The sum of these two differences in widths is equivalent to the sum of two diameters 22 of wire 13.
  • the wire preferably has a gauge of about 0.0l0.018 inch, and most preferably about 0.014 inch.
  • the width of the trough is 0.06 inch
  • the gauge of the wire is 0.014 inch
  • the dimension 23 is 0.080 inch. This leaves a width 21 between legs 19 and 20 of 0.052 inch, which is slightly less than the 0.06 inch width of the gel strip to be removed from the trough. The elasticity of the gel permits slight compression to accommodate these differences in widths.
  • Knife edge 25 preferably is transverse to the axis of wire 13.
  • the length of edge 25 should be substantially the same as the predetermined width (indicated at ends 28 and 29) of trough 27 to be removed in gel 30.
  • edge 25 will be depressed in the surface of gel 30 at ends 28 and 29 and transverse to the length of trough 27 so that it will form the cut ends of the trough.
  • the gel strip then will be free for removal by the elongated wire end of tool 11.
  • Handle 12 can be made of any rigid material, for example, a thermoplastic resinous material. Wire 13 thereby can be placed in the die during fabrication and then handle 12 can be conveniently molded around the wire. Wire 13 preferably has a bend 30, for example a angle bend, at the end of its attachment to handle 12 to provide a firm anchor when embedded within the handle.
  • handle 31 comprises a rigid paperboard enclosure. Extending outwardly from rear end 32 of handle 31 is a reduced blade portion 34 which comprises a generally U-shaped extension of wire 33.
  • knife edge 35 is that portion of wire 33 which lies between the two bends of the U-shaped extension of wire 33. These can be about 90 angle bends although the top bend preferably is slightly greater than 90, for example, about to The end portion 36 of wire 33 will thereby have a suitable separation from intermediate portion 37 of wire 33 for convenient placement and anchoring within handle 31.
  • Handle 31 can comprise two rigid sheets of paperboard, or a single foldable sheet of paperboard which is folded lengthwise at the center, to form the two sides of said handle.
  • Wire portions 36 and 37 are then held in place between the two paperboard sides of handle 31 by a suitable adhesive bonding material.
  • the inner sides of the paperboard pieces can have a pressure sensitive adhesive coating and the two pieces can be brought together to capture the wire portions 36 and 37 which are thereby embedded in handle 31.
  • the handle is not limited to these materials of construction and other suitable rigid materials can also be used for fabrication of the handle.
  • the operator will grasp handle 12 between the thumb and index finger. With the blade end 14 pointed downward, the knife edge 25 will be used to make a transverse cut through the gel 30 at both ends 28 and 29 of trough 27. Then, with the handle held horizontally and the wire end facing gel tray 26 and the top of U-shaped bend 18 facing upward, wire 13 at bend 18 will be depressed into the thus formed out at 28, gently moved forward to the other end 29 of trough 27 and then moved back to about the midpoint of the trough. The thereby loosened gel strip will be caught up in the U-shaped bend and then can be lifted out of the trough zone. The trough is now ready to be filled with antisera to be incubated in the next step of the immune-electrophoresis operation.
  • a gel trough removing tool comprising a finger grippable handle, an elongated, flexible narrow gauge wire extending outwardly from one end and a reduced blade portion terminating in a knife edge at the other end of said handle, said wire terminating in a short U-shaped, downwardly disposed bend transverse to the axis of said wire, said head having an inner width between its vertical legs slightly less than the predetermined width of said 5 trough and the height of the vertical legs of said bend being greater than the predetermined depth of said trough.
  • a method of removing a gel trough strip in electrophoretic gel media comprising depressing the knife edge of the gel trough removing tool of Claim 1 at both ends of an elongated gel trough and transverse thereto to out said ends, depressing the U-shaped bend of said tool into References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 464,141 12/1891 Low 7-143 865,126 1 9/1907 Rosing 714.3 948,861 2/1910 Kailey 7--14.3 3,751,357 8/1973 Rains 204-299 3,762,877 10/1973 Rains et al 204180 G X JOHN H. MACK, Primary Examiner A. C. PRESCOTT, Assistant Examiner,

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
US40295073 1973-10-03 1973-10-03 Gel trough removing device Expired - Lifetime US3824165A (en)

Priority Applications (14)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US40295073 US3824165A (en) 1973-10-03 1973-10-03 Gel trough removing device
CA207,500A CA1026708A (en) 1973-10-03 1974-08-21 Gel trough removing device
IL45540A IL45540A (en) 1973-10-03 1974-08-26 Gel trough removing device
ZA00745474A ZA745474B (en) 1973-10-03 1974-08-27 Gel trough removing device
GB3791974A GB1437554A (en) 1973-10-03 1974-08-30 Gel trough removing tool and method electric motor
DE2442368A DE2442368A1 (de) 1973-10-03 1974-09-04 Geraet zum ausheben einer mulde aus einer gelschicht fuer zwecke der elektrophorese
JP10659074A JPS5062695A (es) 1973-10-03 1974-09-14
AU73439/74A AU478596B2 (en) 1973-10-03 1974-09-18 Gel trough removing device
FR7431473A FR2246360B1 (es) 1973-10-03 1974-09-18
IT2749674A IT1022136B (it) 1973-10-03 1974-09-19 Dispositivo per la rimozione di masse canaliformi di gel
DK501974A DK501974A (es) 1973-10-03 1974-09-24
BE149076A BE820545A (fr) 1973-10-03 1974-09-30 Dispositif de creusement d'une auge dans un gel
SE7412422A SE7412422L (sv) 1973-10-03 1974-10-02 Anordning for avlegsnande av geltrag
ES1974206328U ES206328Y (es) 1973-10-03 1974-10-03 Instrumento para la retirada de tiras de gel electroforeti-co para la formacion de cubetas.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US40295073 US3824165A (en) 1973-10-03 1973-10-03 Gel trough removing device

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US3824165A true US3824165A (en) 1974-07-16

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US40295073 Expired - Lifetime US3824165A (en) 1973-10-03 1973-10-03 Gel trough removing device

Country Status (13)

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US (1) US3824165A (es)
JP (1) JPS5062695A (es)
BE (1) BE820545A (es)
CA (1) CA1026708A (es)
DE (1) DE2442368A1 (es)
DK (1) DK501974A (es)
ES (1) ES206328Y (es)
FR (1) FR2246360B1 (es)
GB (1) GB1437554A (es)
IL (1) IL45540A (es)
IT (1) IT1022136B (es)
SE (1) SE7412422L (es)
ZA (1) ZA745474B (es)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070074445A1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Pihi Hei Fish handling device
EP1918025A1 (en) 2006-11-02 2008-05-07 Bel-Art Products, Inc. Non-metallic laboratory implement and method of its use
US9027196B1 (en) 2013-03-13 2015-05-12 David M. Solak Applicator and bead finish tool
US10040584B1 (en) 2014-08-06 2018-08-07 Gerald B. Keaton Multi-purpose tool and method for securing a locking fastener
CN108527462A (zh) * 2018-04-28 2018-09-14 福建农林大学 一种基于l式电泳凝胶切胶刀的高洁净度切胶方法

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070074445A1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-05 Pihi Hei Fish handling device
US7444779B2 (en) * 2005-09-30 2008-11-04 Pihi Hei Fish handling device
EP1918025A1 (en) 2006-11-02 2008-05-07 Bel-Art Products, Inc. Non-metallic laboratory implement and method of its use
US20080113445A1 (en) * 2006-11-02 2008-05-15 Abraham Yaniv Non-metallic laboratory implement and method of its use
US9027196B1 (en) 2013-03-13 2015-05-12 David M. Solak Applicator and bead finish tool
US10040584B1 (en) 2014-08-06 2018-08-07 Gerald B. Keaton Multi-purpose tool and method for securing a locking fastener
US10501218B1 (en) 2014-08-06 2019-12-10 Gerald B. Keaton Multi-purpose tool and method for securing a locking fastener
CN108527462A (zh) * 2018-04-28 2018-09-14 福建农林大学 一种基于l式电泳凝胶切胶刀的高洁净度切胶方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES206328Y (es) 1976-06-16
FR2246360A1 (es) 1975-05-02
FR2246360B1 (es) 1978-06-09
DE2442368A1 (de) 1975-04-17
JPS5062695A (es) 1975-05-28
DK501974A (es) 1975-06-09
IL45540A (en) 1976-10-31
ES206328U (es) 1976-02-16
BE820545A (fr) 1975-01-16
AU7343974A (en) 1976-03-25
CA1026708A (en) 1978-02-21
SE7412422L (sv) 1974-10-02
IT1022136B (it) 1978-03-20
GB1437554A (en) 1976-05-26
ZA745474B (en) 1975-08-27
IL45540A0 (en) 1974-11-29

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AS Assignment

Owner name: COOPER LABORATORES, INC., 3145 PORTER DRIVE, PALO

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:BAXTER TRAVENOL LABORATORIES, INC., A CORP. OF DE;REEL/FRAME:004067/0785

Effective date: 19820917

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Owner name: TECHNICON INSTRUMENTS CORPORATION, 511 BENEDICT AV

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:COOPER LABORATORIES, INC.,;REEL/FRAME:004926/0396

Effective date: 19880628