US3823654A - Ventilating system for subways - Google Patents

Ventilating system for subways Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3823654A
US3823654A US00288697A US28869772A US3823654A US 3823654 A US3823654 A US 3823654A US 00288697 A US00288697 A US 00288697A US 28869772 A US28869772 A US 28869772A US 3823654 A US3823654 A US 3823654A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
air
tubes
tunnel tubes
tunnel
set forth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00288697A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
F Swaty
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
STADT WIEN OE
WIEN STADT
Original Assignee
WIEN STADT
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by WIEN STADT filed Critical WIEN STADT
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3823654A publication Critical patent/US3823654A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
    • E21F1/003—Ventilation of traffic tunnels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
    • F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT In a subway ventilating system where two stations are connected by a pair of tunnel tubes, a crossconnection is provided between the tubes adjacent each of the stations. The cross-connections are not open to the outside atmosphere. Fans are located in the cross-connections for withdrawing a fractional amount of the air pushed ahead of the train as it moves through one of the tubes and for injecting it through a nozzle into the other tube in the direction toward the station from which the train departed. Due
  • a ventilating shaft is located in a' mid-portion of the tubes intermediate the stations for withdrawing air from the tubes and directing it into the outside atmosphere and for pulling air in from the outside atmosphere and circulating it into the tubes.
  • the present invention is directed to a ventilating system for subways and, more particularly, it concerns an arrangement for ventilating two-one way tunnel-tube extending between a pair of stations.
  • these shafts should be arranged approximately to 50 m from the opposite ends of each station. Often it is not possible to locate the ventilating shafts at the optimum distance when the stations are located in a congested area of a city. Usually, the requisite space for such a ventilating shaft is not available at the proper distance from the station. As a result, if the shaft cannot be located at the'optimum distance, the efficiency of the ventilating action is greatly decreased.
  • Such an approach area can be provided, for example, by replacing the walls separating the tunnel tubes with a row of columns.
  • the tunnel tubeapproach area-tunnel tube-approach area neither the platform nor its entrances or exits would be pressurized by the passage of air and an ideal state offlow would be obtained.
  • the basic concept is to maintain an optimum air circulation when a train is passing through only one of the tunnel tubes between two stations. This effect is achieved by installing fans between adjacent stations so that in the tube in which a train does not pass, the air flow corresponds approximately to that which occurs when a train moves through that tube. :ln effect, the flow of air through the tubes is maintained the same as if a train was passing through each of the tubes. If, during a particular period, no trains are running between adjacent stations, the flow through the tubes can be maintained by fans, but with a smaller flow of air. When a train enters one of the tubes, the full flow quantity required can be attained in 'a few seconds by speed variation of the fans.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 are schematic illustrations of the passage of air in two tunnel tubes between adjacent stations, with FIG. 1 exhibiting a known ventilation system and FIGS. 2 and 3 showing the ventilating system in accordance with the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a transverse sectional view taken along line IVIV in FIG. 3 showing the tunnel tubes and a ventilating shaft.
  • FIG. 1 two adjacentsubway stations 1,2 are connected by a pair of tunnel tubes 3,8 and a train 4 is shown travelling from station 1 to station 2 through tube 3.
  • Tunnel tube 8 is intended for the passage of a train in the opposite direction, that is from station 2 to station l.-At each end of tunnel tubes 3 and 8 a surge shafts, l1 and 7, 9 is provided, respectively, and, in addition, the station 2 has entrances and exits 6 while station 1 has entrances and exits 10.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 the same reference numerals are used as in FIG. 1 to designate the same elements.
  • FIG. 2 a gallery or cross-connection 12, 14 is shown extending between the tunnel tubes 3 and 8 adjacent the ends of the tunnel tubes at the platforms 1,2.
  • crossconnection 12 three axial fans 13 are positioned, only one is shown schematically in the drawings, and the fans have a total delivery of 28 m /s.
  • adjacent platform 2 three axial fans 15 are provided which provide the same air flow or output as the fans 13.
  • the ventilating shaft 17 consists of four channels 18, 19, 20 and 21, two of which communicate with the tunnel tube 3 and the other two which communicate with the tunnel tube 8 through connecting passages.
  • fans are provided for withdrawing or supplying about one fourth of the circulating air quantity in a given period of time.
  • the actual amount of air charged into the tunnel tubes is controlled in accordance with the oxygen requirement and also with the temperature of the outside atmosphere.
  • a fresh air channel 20 is provided for the tube 8 and a exhaust channel 21 is provided for the tube 3.
  • the ventilating shaft 17 is shown extending above the ground surface with a filter 21 at its upper end and a sound damper 22 located adjacent the filter. At the lower end of the channel 18 it is connected to the tube 3 by a gallery 23.
  • a fan 20 is located within the gallery 23 for drawing in fresh air from the outside atmosphere and directing it into the tunnel tube 3.
  • a fan 24 is provided in the vertical portion of the channel for exhausting air from the tube 8 through the gallery 25 and discharging it through a sound damper 26 in the upper end of the channel.
  • a register 27' Positioned within the lower end of the ventilation shaft 17 is a register 27' positioned in both of the channels 18 and 19 so that the communication between the tunnel tubes and the outside atmosphere can be closed by the register 27 which can be lifted and lowered within the shaft, note the full line and dashed line showing in FIG. 4.
  • the present invention provides a number of advantages over the prior art. Initially, instead of four surge shafts each located ina tunnel tube adjacent the station, only one ventilation shaft is required which has a cross-section approximately the same as one surge chamber.
  • the ventilation shaft or tower can be built in thecentral portion of the tunnel tubes between the stations, rather than at the ends of the tunnel tube adjacent the station.
  • the zone of the tunnel tubes suitable for the ventilation tower is located in approximately the middle 70 percent of the length of the tubes between the stations.
  • Air filters can be provided in the ventilation towers which avoid fouling of the tunnel tubes and the stations by soot and dust.
  • the power cost for the air movement through the tunnel tubes is between 1 and 2% of the power cost for running'the trains, a portion of this cost is offset by the lower air resistance of the train.
  • the ventilating system in accordance with the pres ent invention, provides satisfactory conditions for the air within the tunnel tubes so that the tunnel air can be used for ventilating the subway cars.
  • the method of ventilating the tunnel tubes comprising the steps of providing cross-connections between the two tunnel tubes at locations adjacent to each station, as a train travels in one direction through one of the tunnel tubes withdrawing a portion of the air pushed ahead of the train in the one of the tunnel tubes at the crossconnection which the train is approaching and directing the withdrawn air into the other tube for flow in the opposite direction, and at the cross-connection at the end of the tunnel tubes adjacent the station from which the train is proceeding, withdrawing air from the other tube and directing it into the one of the tunnel tubes for flow in the direction in which the train is travelling.
  • a ventilating system comprising means forming at least one cross-connection between the tunnel tubes at locations adjacent each of the stations, and means located in said cross-connections for withdrawing air from one of the tunnel tubes and directing it into the other one of the tunnel tubes so that the circulation of air can be effected in a closed circuit through the tunnel tubes and the .crossconnections whereby the circulating flow of air to the tunnel tubes and the cross-connectionsavoid drawing air in from the outside atmosphere and causing the'flow of air to the stations and through the entrances and 1 means for ventilating the tunnel tubes are located intermediate the cross-connections adjacent the stations and are connected to the outside atmosphere for ex hausting air from and supplying fresh air to the tunnel tubes.
  • said means for ventilating the tunnel tubes includes fans for withdrawing air fromthe tunnel tubes and fans for supplying air into the tunnel tubes.
  • said means for ventilating the tunnel tubes includes walls forming a ventilation shaft extending between said tunnel tubes and the outside atmosphere, partitions dividing said shaft into a pair of flow passageways'for each of said tunnel tubes, each of said flow passageways containing one of said fans so that for each pair of said flow passageways one flow passageway supplies air into one of the tunnel tubes and the other withdraws air from the one of the tunnel tubes.
  • said ventilating shaft includes filters for the air being circulated therethrough,sound dampers located in the upper portion of said flow passageways of said shaft, and openable and closeable register members located in said flow passageways for regulating the flow of air into and out of said tunnel tubes.
  • said means forming cross-connections comprises at least one conduit forming member extending between the tunnel tubes.
  • conduit forming member includes an in-v jection nozzle for injecting air into the other one of the 17.
  • said fans are variably operable for regulating the flow of air withdrawn from the one of the tunnel tubes and for supplying the air into the other one of the tubes.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)
US00288697A 1971-09-16 1972-09-13 Ventilating system for subways Expired - Lifetime US3823654A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT806871A AT323228B (de) 1971-09-16 1971-09-16 Belüftungssystem für ü-bahnen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3823654A true US3823654A (en) 1974-07-16

Family

ID=3602225

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00288697A Expired - Lifetime US3823654A (en) 1971-09-16 1972-09-13 Ventilating system for subways

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US3823654A (enExample)
JP (1) JPS5318821B2 (enExample)
AT (1) AT323228B (enExample)
BE (1) BE799597A (enExample)
BR (1) BR7206436D0 (enExample)
CA (1) CA957893A (enExample)
DD (1) DD98996A5 (enExample)
ES (1) ES406729A1 (enExample)
FR (1) FR2153116B1 (enExample)
GB (1) GB1385072A (enExample)
IT (1) IT974975B (enExample)
NL (1) NL7212343A (enExample)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6478672B1 (en) * 1998-06-06 2002-11-12 Deus Energie-Und Umweltsysteme Gmbh Method and device for extracting fumes and heat and for providing operational for traffic structures and enclosed traffic spaces
RU2286459C1 (ru) * 2006-02-10 2006-10-27 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "МЕТРО-СТИЛЬ 2000" Вентиляционный киоск метрополитена
RU2319079C1 (ru) * 2007-02-13 2008-03-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "МЕТРО-СТИЛЬ 2000" Вентиляционный киоск метрополитена
RU2368848C1 (ru) * 2008-09-24 2009-09-27 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "МЕТРО-СТИЛЬ 2000" Вентиляционный киоск метрополитена
ITVI20090267A1 (it) * 2009-11-02 2011-05-03 Franco Celli Torre depuratrice
RU2444631C1 (ru) * 2010-07-08 2012-03-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "МЕТРО-СТИЛЬ 2000" Шумоглушитель подземного сооружения
WO2013086850A1 (zh) * 2011-12-15 2013-06-20 天津建院建筑设计有限公司 隧道空气下排风系统及方法
CN104420878A (zh) * 2013-08-27 2015-03-18 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 一种隧道自然通风降温装置及其降温方法
WO2014046836A3 (en) * 2012-09-24 2015-07-23 Baker Jess E Energy producing building structures
US20170341094A1 (en) * 2016-05-27 2017-11-30 Twin City Fan Companies, Ltd. Tunnel fan and method
CN108798742A (zh) * 2018-06-07 2018-11-13 深圳市市政设计研究院有限公司 一种跨海多匝道城市隧道群通风排烟系统及其方法
CN111894646A (zh) * 2020-06-29 2020-11-06 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 超长电气化铁路自然通风的通风系统与通风方法
CN113914888A (zh) * 2021-10-15 2022-01-11 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 一种用于氢能源有轨电车的隧道结构
CN115182737A (zh) * 2022-07-04 2022-10-14 北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司 深埋地铁车站竖向正交顶出式风道结构及施工方法

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2423629A1 (fr) * 1978-04-19 1979-11-16 Alsthom Cgee Ouie de ventilation d'une galerie
RU2312222C1 (ru) * 2006-06-29 2007-12-10 Институт горного дела Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук Способ тоннельной вентиляции
RU2685004C1 (ru) * 2017-11-17 2019-04-16 Акционерное общество "Метрогипротранс" (АО "Метрогипротранс") Система вентиляции перегонных тоннелей между станциями метрополитена
RU2747139C1 (ru) * 2020-09-22 2021-04-28 Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский, проектно-изыскательский институт "Ленметрогипротранс" Система вентиляции перегонных тоннелей метрополитенов с участками соединения двухпутного и однопутных тоннелей

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US136563A (en) * 1873-03-04 Improvement in ventilating under-ground and subsurface railways
US855118A (en) * 1905-07-14 1907-05-28 Charles A Morris Method of ventilating tunnels.
US917653A (en) * 1906-04-24 1909-04-06 Roger Byrnes Subway-railway construction.
US1185453A (en) * 1912-04-26 1916-05-30 John L Walker Ventilating apparatus for subways.

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US136563A (en) * 1873-03-04 Improvement in ventilating under-ground and subsurface railways
US855118A (en) * 1905-07-14 1907-05-28 Charles A Morris Method of ventilating tunnels.
US917653A (en) * 1906-04-24 1909-04-06 Roger Byrnes Subway-railway construction.
US1185453A (en) * 1912-04-26 1916-05-30 John L Walker Ventilating apparatus for subways.

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6478672B1 (en) * 1998-06-06 2002-11-12 Deus Energie-Und Umweltsysteme Gmbh Method and device for extracting fumes and heat and for providing operational for traffic structures and enclosed traffic spaces
RU2286459C1 (ru) * 2006-02-10 2006-10-27 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "МЕТРО-СТИЛЬ 2000" Вентиляционный киоск метрополитена
RU2319079C1 (ru) * 2007-02-13 2008-03-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "МЕТРО-СТИЛЬ 2000" Вентиляционный киоск метрополитена
RU2368848C1 (ru) * 2008-09-24 2009-09-27 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "МЕТРО-СТИЛЬ 2000" Вентиляционный киоск метрополитена
ITVI20090267A1 (it) * 2009-11-02 2011-05-03 Franco Celli Torre depuratrice
RU2444631C1 (ru) * 2010-07-08 2012-03-10 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "МЕТРО-СТИЛЬ 2000" Шумоглушитель подземного сооружения
WO2013086850A1 (zh) * 2011-12-15 2013-06-20 天津建院建筑设计有限公司 隧道空气下排风系统及方法
WO2014046836A3 (en) * 2012-09-24 2015-07-23 Baker Jess E Energy producing building structures
US9121389B2 (en) 2012-09-24 2015-09-01 Jess Edward Baker Energy producing building structures
CN104420878A (zh) * 2013-08-27 2015-03-18 上海市政工程设计研究总院（集团）有限公司 一种隧道自然通风降温装置及其降温方法
US20170341094A1 (en) * 2016-05-27 2017-11-30 Twin City Fan Companies, Ltd. Tunnel fan and method
CN108798742A (zh) * 2018-06-07 2018-11-13 深圳市市政设计研究院有限公司 一种跨海多匝道城市隧道群通风排烟系统及其方法
CN111894646A (zh) * 2020-06-29 2020-11-06 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 超长电气化铁路自然通风的通风系统与通风方法
CN113914888A (zh) * 2021-10-15 2022-01-11 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 一种用于氢能源有轨电车的隧道结构
CN115182737A (zh) * 2022-07-04 2022-10-14 北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司 深埋地铁车站竖向正交顶出式风道结构及施工方法
US12025008B2 (en) 2022-07-04 2024-07-02 Beijing Urban Construction Design & Development Group Co., Limited Vertical orthogonal top exhausting air duct structure of deeply-buried subway station and construction method therefor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2153116B1 (enExample) 1976-08-13
JPS5058851A (enExample) 1975-05-21
AT323228B (de) 1975-06-25
BR7206436D0 (pt) 1973-09-20
JPS5318821B2 (enExample) 1978-06-17
GB1385072A (en) 1975-02-26
IT974975B (it) 1974-07-10
NL7212343A (enExample) 1973-03-20
ES406729A1 (es) 1975-10-01
CA957893A (en) 1974-11-19
FR2153116A1 (enExample) 1973-04-27
BE799597A (fr) 1973-09-17
DD98996A5 (enExample) 1973-07-12

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3823654A (en) Ventilating system for subways
CN100557191C (zh) 隧道排烟方法及带独立排烟装置的隧道通风系统
CN104675424A (zh) 一种水下隧道通风系统及通风方法
CN202391448U (zh) 长距离隧道无风门巷道式通风结构
CN108756989B (zh) 一种隧道通风系统及隧道通风方法
CN105971626A (zh) 一种具有竖井排烟结合互补通风系统的双线隧道
CN104389620A (zh) 一种基于可逆互补通风的双线隧道
CN112253206B (zh) 一种斜井送排与单横通道组合的公路隧道通风系统及方法
CN101550838B (zh) 用于纵向通风公路隧道的集中排放废气的方法
CN116378738A (zh) 一种利用蓄风仓超长距离通风的方法
CN108915750A (zh) 一种隧道洞口棚式防污染空气回流布置结构及其应用方法
CN221256846U (zh) 一种隧道长距离施工通风系统
CN209535074U (zh) 跨座式单轨车风道系统
SU1090884A1 (ru) Способ реверсивной тоннельной вентил ции метрополитенов с частичной рециркул ций воздуха
CN212132792U (zh) 一种地铁活塞风自动控制系统
RU2134353C1 (ru) Способ регулирования теплового режима железнодорожных тоннелей в зимний период
CN208702445U (zh) 一种隧道通风系统
CN108798742A (zh) 一种跨海多匝道城市隧道群通风排烟系统及其方法
CN108979697B (zh) 隧道开式循环通风的送风竖井新风风量折减系数计算方法
CN109760705A (zh) 一种跨座式单轨车风道系统
CN204436433U (zh) 一种水下隧道通风系统
CN204754964U (zh) 一种公路隧道的废气排出结构
CN111473447B (zh) 一种地铁活塞风自动控制系统
CN214303898U (zh) 一种新型平导式和全横向式组合通风系统
CN109632247B (zh) 一种带有排流段的直流吸式阵风风洞