US3822855A - Casting mold with steam-heated water jacket - Google Patents

Casting mold with steam-heated water jacket Download PDF

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Publication number
US3822855A
US3822855A US00231473A US23147372A US3822855A US 3822855 A US3822855 A US 3822855A US 00231473 A US00231473 A US 00231473A US 23147372 A US23147372 A US 23147372A US 3822855 A US3822855 A US 3822855A
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United States
Prior art keywords
mould
water
steam
concrete
hardening
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00231473A
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English (en)
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G Hummelshoj
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SCHMIDT T
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SCHMIDT T
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/40—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material
    • B28B7/42—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels characterised by means for modifying the properties of the moulding material for heating or cooling, e.g. steam jackets, by means of treating agents acting directly on the moulding material

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A process and moulds are described for moulding large slablike building elements from pre-he'ated concrete in which the moulds are heated by controlled injection of steam into voluminous water-filled cavities in the moulds regulated to keep the mould temperature at or near the desired concrete hardening temperature.
  • a large concrete element mould has a metal mass which is at least equal to the mass of the poured concrete, and as the specific heat of steel is about 0.11 kilocalories/C/kg, while the concrete has a specific heat of about 0.24 kilocalories/C/kg, varying slightly according to its composition, a concrete mass poured at e.g.
  • the 60 may in a short time be cooled to about 40C by a mould with an initial temperature of about As the rate of hardening is doubled or halved every time the temperature of the concrete is increased or reduced by 10C resp., it will be obvious that the hardening effect in the said case will be reduced to one fourth, which means that the hardening time will be multiplied by four. It is also important that the heat of the concrete mass is well preserved during the hardening process, both its initial heat content and the heat developed during the hardening process, without any risk of local overheatings.
  • the apparatus according to the invention for steam-heating casting moulds for hardening masses, particularly concrete.
  • the invention is characterized in that the steam is introduced into water-filled cavities in the casting moulds.
  • the possibility is obtained of a rapid and effective heating of the moulds to the desired temperature without risk of overheating, the transmission of heat from the steam supplied to the mould occurring very quickly and effectively by the condensation of the steam in the water-filled cavities which ensures that the steam will not get into direct contact with the surfaces of the mould; moreover, the content of warm water in the cavities provided for that purpose in the moulds represents a considerable heat reserve, the specific heat of the water being about nine times the specific heat of the metal mass of the mould and four times the specific heat of the concrete,.so that the latent heat of the water can compensate for the loss of heat which will occur to the surroundings when the mould is left after the pouring, from the surface of the concrete as well as from the surface of the mould, whether the environment is the manufacturing shed itself or a hardening chamber in which, by other means, a relatively high temperature is produced and maintained.
  • the introduction of steam into the water-filled cavities may according to an embodiment of the invention commence prior to the pouring, so that the relevant mould parts have in advance been brought up to or close to the desired hardening temperature. In this manner cooling of the concrete on pouring into the moulds with adesired hardening temperature is avoided, and at the same time a shortening of the time necessary for the total casting process is obtained, the preliminary heating of the moulds taking place so quickly and simply that it can be performed simultaneously with the other preparatory operations, such as cleaning and oiling and possibly assembling of mould parts into a mould ready for pouring.
  • the invention also comprises a casting mould for use in performing the method, characterized by cavities for holding water and by means for blowing steam into this water.
  • These means may according to the invention. consist of an injector which is adapted to set up a circulation of the water in the said cavities by the injection of steam.
  • the condensate formed constitutes an addition to the mass of water present in the water-filled cavities of the mould, and, consequently, the mould is according to the invention provided with one or more overflow means through which excess water may flow off.
  • overflow means should be closedas long as steam supply does not take place, and they are therefore advantageously according to the invention designed in the form of outwardly opening automatic valves.
  • the mould according to the invention may advantageously be provided with one or more temperature measuring points, e.g. thermometer pockets, at points where the temperature of the water represents the temperature of the cast body during the hardening process.
  • thermometer pockets e.g. thermometer pockets
  • FIG. 1 diagrammatically shows a section through a mould, suited for carrying out the method, in section on line I-I in FIG. 2,
  • FIG. 2 shows a section on line II--II in FIG. 1,
  • FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of a mould according to the invention in section on line III-III in FIG. 4, and
  • FIG. 4 shows the same as is shown in FIG. 3 on line IVIV in FIG. 3.
  • the mould shown in FIGS. l and 2 is intended for producing large plate-shaped building elements of concrete by a number of such moulds 5 being assembled into a battery in which the interstices between the moulds constitute pouring cavities and must be supposed to have boundaries along the bottom and on the sides, such as separately fitted side pieces and end mould parts, not shown, e.g., in the form of U-shaped frames accommodated in the interstices between the individual moulds 5.
  • moulds rest on wheeled bogies 6 and are displaceable thereon along a wheel track which may serve as transport or production line.
  • Each mould consists of a substantially rectangular plate with face plates 3 which delimit the pouring cavities, into which concrete 1 has been shown poured in FIG. 2.
  • face plates 3 which delimit the pouring cavities, into which concrete 1 has been shown poured in FIG. 2.
  • This illustration is purely disgrammatical, the concrete bodies produced being normally cast around a reinforcement, and it is possible to give the bodies any desired profile by correspondingly profiling the plates 3.
  • the mould delimiting plates 3 are stayed in relation to each other by means of sections 4 of steel, and between them, water jackets 2 are provided in the form of closed cavities which during the operation are filled with water.
  • the water in the water jackets 2 Prior to or during the pouring of concrete the water in the water jackets 2 is heated by steam being blown in through connection nipples 7 and adjoined injectors 8 adapted to impart, by the steam injection, a powerful circulation to the water in the water jackets, as indicated by arrows in FIG. 1. As explained above, this results in a very rapid and uniform heating of the mass of water present and thereby of the mould, so that, when the concrete is being poured, the mould already has the temperature at which it is desired that the hardening should take place.
  • the battery constituted by the moulds will during the hardening process have a comparatively small free surface for emitting heat to the surroundings
  • the heat emission will substantially occur along the outer edges of the moulds, and consequently, the water jackets are chiefly placed there.
  • the hardening process proper is exothermic, but not sufficiently so to keep step with the emission of heat which would take place to the surroundings, but which is now compensated for by the heat contained in the water masses, which heat may be supplemented also during the hardening process by additional steam injection; thus, the concrete can easily during the entire hardening period be kept at a desired hardening temperature which may e.g., be over 60C.
  • thermometer pockets 11 into which thermometers can be inserted for watching the temperature of the water. This will represent the momentary temperature of the concrete and may therefore be accepted as a measure of the temperature at which the hardening process takes place, and thus as a measure of the time which elapses before the hardening has proceeded sufficiently far.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show in an 'analoguous manner a mould constructed with a view to producing large, plate-shaped concrete elements by pouring in a horizontal position, the individual parts having the same reference numerals as in the embodiment just described.
  • the upper plate 3 serves, as it is shown in FIG. 3, as mould plate and must be supposed to be supple- I mented with edge moulds which may be designed as simple rails, but may also be made as water boxes with.
  • the moulds When the moulds are transported, e.g. suspended in yokes from a crane, difficulties may arise due to movements of the water in the cavities.
  • the moulds may, as indicated in FIG. 4, be equipped with suitable baffle plates 13 in the form of steel plates provided with perforations or other apertures which subdue the passage of the water without impeding temperatureand pressure-balancing flows between the individual mould sections.
  • a mould for casting objects from hardening masses such as concrete or the like comprising:
  • At least one mould member having a mould surface defining at least a portion of a mould cavity into which said hardening mass is placed and a back surface backing said mould surface,
  • steam injection means communicating with said water cavity and terminating in at least one steam injector so oriented with respect to said water cavity as to establish a circulation of water within said water cavity when steam is passed therethrough and to prevent the steam from impinging directly upon said back surface, and to maintain the desired water temperature within said water cavity.
  • a mould as set forth in claim 1 further comprising automatic overflow means communicating with said water cavity for releasing excess water from said water cavity.
  • a mould as set forth in claim 4 wherein said automatic overflow means comprises at least one outwardly opening automatic valve.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
US00231473A 1971-03-15 1972-03-03 Casting mold with steam-heated water jacket Expired - Lifetime US3822855A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK122271AA DK129439B (da) 1971-03-15 1971-03-15 Fremgangsmåde til dampopvarmning af støbeforme og støbeform til anvendelse i forbindelse hermed.

Publications (1)

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US3822855A true US3822855A (en) 1974-07-09

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US00231473A Expired - Lifetime US3822855A (en) 1971-03-15 1972-03-03 Casting mold with steam-heated water jacket

Country Status (17)

Country Link
US (1) US3822855A (xx)
AT (1) AT316394B (xx)
BE (1) BE780580A (xx)
CA (1) CA960845A (xx)
CH (1) CH548830A (xx)
CS (1) CS159293B2 (xx)
DE (1) DE2211559C3 (xx)
DK (1) DK129439B (xx)
ES (1) ES400621A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR2129658A5 (xx)
GB (1) GB1378816A (xx)
IE (1) IE37004B1 (xx)
IT (1) IT957251B (xx)
LU (1) LU64960A1 (xx)
NL (1) NL7203449A (xx)
NO (1) NO133928C (xx)
SE (1) SE390504B (xx)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4178343A (en) * 1977-05-16 1979-12-11 Rojo Agustin Jr Manufacture of precast concrete units and a building constructed therewith
US5520531A (en) * 1992-05-26 1996-05-28 Del Monte; Ernest J. Variable wall concrete molding machine and method
WO2008025984A1 (en) * 2006-09-01 2008-03-06 Lafarge Roofing Technical Centers Ltd Method and plant for forming a concrete building product
US20140333004A1 (en) * 2013-05-13 2014-11-13 Romeo Ilarian Ciuperca Insulated concrete battery mold, insulated passive concrete curing system, accelerated concrete curing apparatus and method of using same

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0037438B1 (en) * 1980-03-28 1984-07-04 Heembeton B.V. Method of operating a dumping floor for a concrete element and dumping floor used therefore
CN109176853A (zh) * 2018-09-28 2019-01-11 严传玉 一种建筑工地用水泥块快速定型装置

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2239195A (en) * 1939-01-23 1941-04-22 William P Witherow Method and apparatus for molding slabs
US2602210A (en) * 1945-09-21 1952-07-08 Rumble Roy William Shuttering for molding concrete walls in situ
US2632088A (en) * 1949-02-11 1953-03-17 Harold A Meyrick Mold temperature control apparatus
US2637198A (en) * 1950-04-27 1953-05-05 Iowa State College Res Found Method of and apparatus for testing asphaltic concrete
US3124627A (en) * 1963-03-18 1964-03-10 Slotted
US3251405A (en) * 1962-12-21 1966-05-17 Separator Ab Apparatus for heat treatment of liquids
US3441243A (en) * 1965-10-23 1969-04-29 Rapid Ind Process Corp Ltd Mold for precast building materials
US3633656A (en) * 1970-02-20 1972-01-11 United States Steel Corp Apparatus for making ingots

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2239195A (en) * 1939-01-23 1941-04-22 William P Witherow Method and apparatus for molding slabs
US2602210A (en) * 1945-09-21 1952-07-08 Rumble Roy William Shuttering for molding concrete walls in situ
US2632088A (en) * 1949-02-11 1953-03-17 Harold A Meyrick Mold temperature control apparatus
US2637198A (en) * 1950-04-27 1953-05-05 Iowa State College Res Found Method of and apparatus for testing asphaltic concrete
US3251405A (en) * 1962-12-21 1966-05-17 Separator Ab Apparatus for heat treatment of liquids
US3124627A (en) * 1963-03-18 1964-03-10 Slotted
US3441243A (en) * 1965-10-23 1969-04-29 Rapid Ind Process Corp Ltd Mold for precast building materials
US3633656A (en) * 1970-02-20 1972-01-11 United States Steel Corp Apparatus for making ingots

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4178343A (en) * 1977-05-16 1979-12-11 Rojo Agustin Jr Manufacture of precast concrete units and a building constructed therewith
US5520531A (en) * 1992-05-26 1996-05-28 Del Monte; Ernest J. Variable wall concrete molding machine and method
US6086349A (en) * 1992-05-26 2000-07-11 Del Monte; Ernest J. Variable wall concrete molding machine
US6086350A (en) * 1992-05-26 2000-07-11 Del Monte; Ernest J. Variable wall concrete molding machine
WO2008025984A1 (en) * 2006-09-01 2008-03-06 Lafarge Roofing Technical Centers Ltd Method and plant for forming a concrete building product
US20140333004A1 (en) * 2013-05-13 2014-11-13 Romeo Ilarian Ciuperca Insulated concrete battery mold, insulated passive concrete curing system, accelerated concrete curing apparatus and method of using same
US10220542B2 (en) * 2013-05-13 2019-03-05 Romeo Ilarian Ciuperca Insulated concrete battery mold, insulated passive concrete curing system, accelerated concrete curing apparatus and method of using same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE390504B (sv) 1976-12-27
GB1378816A (en) 1974-12-27
NO133928C (xx) 1976-07-21
IE37004L (en) 1972-09-15
DE2211559A1 (de) 1972-10-05
DK129439C (xx) 1975-03-17
NL7203449A (xx) 1972-09-19
LU64960A1 (xx) 1972-07-10
AT316394B (de) 1974-07-10
IT957251B (it) 1973-10-10
CA960845A (en) 1975-01-14
ES400621A1 (es) 1975-02-01
DK129439B (da) 1974-10-14
IE37004B1 (en) 1977-04-13
NO133928B (xx) 1976-04-12
BE780580A (fr) 1972-07-03
DE2211559B2 (de) 1979-03-01
DE2211559C3 (de) 1979-10-25
FR2129658A5 (xx) 1972-10-27
CH548830A (de) 1974-05-15
CS159293B2 (xx) 1974-12-27

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