US3822684A - Control systems for vehicles - Google Patents

Control systems for vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
US3822684A
US3822684A US00226547A US22654772A US3822684A US 3822684 A US3822684 A US 3822684A US 00226547 A US00226547 A US 00226547A US 22654772 A US22654772 A US 22654772A US 3822684 A US3822684 A US 3822684A
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United States
Prior art keywords
receiver
engine
source
switching circuit
radiation
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00226547A
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English (en)
Inventor
P Salway
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF International UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Lucas Industries Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US3822684A publication Critical patent/US3822684A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P9/00—Electric spark ignition control, not otherwise provided for
    • F02P9/002—Control of spark intensity, intensifying, lengthening, suppression
    • F02P9/005—Control of spark intensity, intensifying, lengthening, suppression by weakening or suppression of sparks to limit the engine speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/32—Controlling fuel injection of the low pressure type
    • F02D41/36—Controlling fuel injection of the low pressure type with means for controlling distribution
    • F02D41/365—Controlling fuel injection of the low pressure type with means for controlling distribution with means for controlling timing and distribution
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P3/00—Other installations
    • F02P3/02—Other installations having inductive energy storage, e.g. arrangements of induction coils
    • F02P3/04—Layout of circuits
    • F02P3/0407—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with electronic switching means
    • F02P3/0435—Opening or closing the primary coil circuit with electronic switching means with semiconductor devices

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A control system for a vehicle, which can be used for controlling an ignition system, a petrol injection system or an engine overspeed control, has an electrically powered radiation source and a radiation receiver which is exposed to the source from time to time through the intermediary of means driven by the engine. When the receiver is exposed to the source, the current flowing through the source is increased rapidly by regenerative action, and moreover there is a constant current flowing through the source which is just sufficient to cause it to radiate.
  • a system comprising an electrically powered radiation source, a radiation receiver, means driven by the engine for exposing the receiver to the source at predetermined intervals, means operable when the receiver is exposed to the source for increasing the current flow through said source rapidly by regenerative action, and means operable when the receiver is not exposed to the source for passing through said source a constant current which is just sufficient to energise said source so that the source is radiating, said receiver serving to operate switching means effecting the required control.
  • FIGS. 1 and 3 are diagrams illustrating three examples of the invention as applied to a vehicle ignition system, an engine overspeed control and a fuel injection system respectively.
  • a positive supply line 11 connected to the positive terminal of a vehicle battery 10, and a negative supply line 12 which is earthed.
  • a further positive supply line 13 is coupled to the line 11 through a resistor 14 and the lines 13,12 are bridged by parallel circuits one of which contains a capacitor l5, and the other of which contains a resistor 16 and Zener diode 17 in series.
  • the resistor 14 and capacitor prevent transients from substantially altering the potential of the supply line 13.
  • the junction of the resistor 14 and the Zener diode 17 is coupled to the base of an n-p-n transistor 18, the emitter of which is connected to the line 12 through a resistor 19 and the collector of which is connected to the line 13 through a light-emitting diode 21, and to the collector of a transistor 22 through a resistor 23.
  • the base of the transistor 22 is connected to the line 12 through a resistor 24, and is further connected through a resistor 25 to the emitter of an n-p-n photo-sensitive transistor 26, the collector of which is connected to the line 13.
  • the emitter of the transistor 22 is connected to the base of an n-p-n transistor 27, the emitter of which is connected to the line 12, and the collectors of the transistors 22 and 27 are connected through a resistor 28 to the base of an n-p-n transistor 29 having its emitter connected through a resistor 31 to the line 12 and its collector connected through a resistor 32 to the line 11.
  • the emitter of the transistor 29 is further connected to the base of an n-p-n transistor 33, the emitter of which is connected to the line 12, and the collector of which is connected to the line 11 through a series circuit including the primary winding 34 of an ignition coil 35 and a resistor 36.
  • the secondary winding 37 of the ignition coil 35 is connected to the spark plugs 38 of the engine to turn through a conventional distributor 39, and the collector emitter path of the transistor 33 is bridged by a voltage dependent resistor 41.
  • the light-emitting diode 21 is positioned so that it can illuminate the transitor 26, and thereby cause the transistor 26 to become conductive. Positioned between the diode 21 and the transistor 26 is a shutter 42 which is driven by the engine, the shutter 42 having slots so that at predetermined angular positions of the shutter the transistor 26 becomes illuminated by the diode 21. Assuming for the moment that the transistor 26 is not illuminated, current flows through the diode 21 and the resistors 23 and 28 to turn on the transistor 29, the transistors 22 and 27 being off at this stage. The transistor 29 provides base current for the transistor 33, so that current flows in the primary winding 34.
  • the constant current is chosen to be just sufficient to energise the diode 21 so that it is radiating light.
  • the path between the diode 21 and transistor 26 is blocked and light no longer falls on the transistor 26, so that the circuit reverts quickly to its original state with the transistors 22 and 27 off, and the transistors 29 and 33 on.
  • the predetermined constant current still flows through the diode 21 so that it is just energised and radiating.
  • the purpose of the resistor 24 is to prevent the transistor 22 being turned on by leakage current through the transistor 26.
  • the resistor 25 limits the current through the transistor 26 to a safe level.
  • a light-emitting diode is used in the example shown, other radiation sources could of course be used, for example normal filament bulbs, gallium arsenide sources or phosphide diodes.
  • the transistor 26 could be replaced by other forms of radiation detector, for example photo-darlington pairs, photodiodes or other similar components.
  • FIG. 1 For example, there is shown an arrangement for limiting the maximum speed of an engine.
  • the arrangement for controlling the transistor 22 and 27 is the same as in FIG. 1, and so similar components have been designated with the same reference numeral.
  • the shutter 42 has a large number of slots around its periphery and so the transistors 22 and 27 will be switched on and off far more rapidly than in FIG. 1, so that an a.c. output is produced at a frequency representing engine speed.
  • This a.c. signal is fed to a diode pump circuit 51 of conventional form the circuit 51 producing a dc. voltage which is proportional to said frequency, and so is proportional to engine speed, this output voltage, the diode pump circuit being coupled to a switching device, for example a schmitt trigger circuit which is connected between the lines 13 and 12, and which changes state when the voltage and therefore the engine speed reaches a predetermined value.
  • a relay winding 53 is energised to close a normally open relay contact 53a which is connected across the contact breaker 54 of the engine, the contact breaker 54 being connected between the lines 11, 12 in series with the primary winding 55 of the ignition coil and a secondary winding 56 of the ignition coil being connected to the plugs in turn in the usual way.
  • the contact breaker 54 is short-circuited and no further sparks are produced until the engine speed is reduced to a level such that the relay winding 53 is no longer energised.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown an arrangement suitable for controlling fuel injection by a road vehicle.
  • the arrangement is similar to FIG. 1 except that the transistor 33 and the various components controlled by the transistor 33 are now omitted.
  • an n-p-n transistor 61 having its base connected to the collector of the transistor 29, its emitter connected to the line 12 and its collector connected to the line 11 through a fuel injector 62.
  • the slots in the shutter 42 are now chosen such that a slot occurs at the instant at which injection is to start.
  • the transistor 29 When no slot appears between the diode 21 and transistor 26, the transistor 29 is on, so that the transistor 61 is off, but when a slot appears, the transistors 22 and 27 turn on quickly as previously explained, turning off the transistor 29, so that current now flows through the resistor 32 to tum on the transistor 611 and energise the injector 62 to commence injection of fuel,
  • the arcuate lengths of the slots are chosen such that injection is terminated at the required moment as a result of the slot passing the transistor 26 and diode 2i, so that the transistor 29 turns on again to turn off the transistor 6l.
  • a vehicle control system comprising in combination a pair of do. supply lines, an electrically powered radiation source, a current regulator means coupling said source to said supply line, said current regulator means passing through said radiation source a constant current just sufficient to cause said source to radiate, a radiation receiver means having a speed of operation dependent on the intensity of exposing radiation, means coupling said radiation receiver means to said supply lines, a switching circuit coupled to said radiation receiver means, said receiver means upon operation thereof when initially illuminated causing suffrcient conduction to switch said switching circuit, engine driven means positioned between said radiation source and said receiver means and exposing said receiver to said raidation source at predetermined intervals, and a regenerative feedback circuit means coupling said switching circuit to said radiation source, said regenerative feedback circuit means increasing current flow through said radiation source after initial conduction of said receiver, increasing the intensity of illuminating radiation, thereby increasing the speed of operation of said receiver means and the switching speed of said switching circuit.
  • a system as claimed in claim I controlling the spark ignition system of a road vehicle, comprising in combination an ignition coil having a primary winding and a secondary winding to spark plugs of the engine in turn, and a transistor connected in series with said primary winding between said supply lines, said transistor forming part of said switching circuit and being tumed off to produce a spark when said radiation receiver is illuminated.
  • a system as claimed in claim 2 for limiting the maximum rotational speed of the engine of said vehicle comprising an ignition coil having a primary winding and a secondary winding, means coupling said secondary winding to spark plugs of the engine in turn, means whereby said switching circuit when switched prevents production of further sparks by said ignition coil, a slotted disc driven by the engine and constituting said engine driven means, the slots in said disc resulting in the production of an a.c. signal by said receiver, and a frequency to voltage converter coupled to said receiver, said frequency to voltage converter producing a dc. output proportional to the rotational speed of the engine, and means coupling said converter to said switching circuit to switch said switching circuit at a predetermined engine speed.
  • a control system as claimed in claim 1 including fuel injection means for injecting fuel into said engine, and means coupling said fuel injection means to said switching circuit to control injection of fuel.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
US00226547A 1971-02-17 1972-02-15 Control systems for vehicles Expired - Lifetime US3822684A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB488071A GB1369232A (en) 1971-02-17 1971-02-17 Control systems for road vehicles

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3822684A true US3822684A (en) 1974-07-09

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ID=9785574

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00226547A Expired - Lifetime US3822684A (en) 1971-02-17 1972-02-15 Control systems for vehicles

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3822684A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS549301B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AR (1) AR200836A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU470445B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BR (1) BR7200874D0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES400245A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2125939A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1369232A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT957521B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ZA (1) ZA72768B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4106462A (en) * 1976-03-18 1978-08-15 General Electric Company Ignition system control circuit
US10308097B2 (en) * 2016-01-22 2019-06-04 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Temperature sensor for the heat exchanger of a motor vehicle air conditioning system

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5544514B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-02-09 1980-11-12
GB1481513A (en) * 1973-07-12 1977-08-03 Lucas Electrical Ltd Radiation-sensitive switching circuits
JPS5093419A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-12-19 1975-07-25
JPS558079B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1974-12-27 1980-03-01
JPS51135639A (en) * 1975-05-20 1976-11-24 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Oscillating plate for the speaker
GB1556163A (en) * 1975-09-19 1979-11-21 Plessey Co Ltd Fuel injection systems
JPS5251930A (en) * 1975-10-23 1977-04-26 Trio Kenwood Corp Cone type speaker
DE3224531A1 (de) * 1982-07-01 1984-01-05 Danfoss A/S, 6430 Nordborg Bistabile fotoelektrische abtastvorrichtung

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3356082A (en) * 1964-12-02 1967-12-05 Lucas Industries Ltd Spark ignition circuit
US3430615A (en) * 1967-01-24 1969-03-04 Mallory Electric Corp Electronic speed control device for an engine
US3472216A (en) * 1968-03-06 1969-10-14 Willis D Clyborne Engine ignition system
US3534719A (en) * 1968-07-26 1970-10-20 Brunswick Corp Speed limiting ignition system
US3552367A (en) * 1968-06-17 1971-01-05 Holley Carburetor Co Structure for and method of electronic signal switching
US3562534A (en) * 1969-05-19 1971-02-09 Ranco Inc Photoelectric level control system with lamp operated at alternate brightness utilizing separate photocell and scr
US3581720A (en) * 1968-11-22 1971-06-01 Silicon Systems Inc Electronic engine r.p.m. limiting device
US3605714A (en) * 1969-06-11 1971-09-20 Eltra Corp Contactless ignition system
US3651793A (en) * 1969-02-12 1972-03-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Arrangement for limiting the speed of internal combustion engines
US3654905A (en) * 1968-10-23 1972-04-11 Sibe Improvements in or relating to feed devices for internal combustion engines
US3665903A (en) * 1969-02-03 1972-05-30 Lucas Industries Ltd Speed limiting systems for internal combustion engines

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3356082A (en) * 1964-12-02 1967-12-05 Lucas Industries Ltd Spark ignition circuit
US3430615A (en) * 1967-01-24 1969-03-04 Mallory Electric Corp Electronic speed control device for an engine
US3472216A (en) * 1968-03-06 1969-10-14 Willis D Clyborne Engine ignition system
US3552367A (en) * 1968-06-17 1971-01-05 Holley Carburetor Co Structure for and method of electronic signal switching
US3534719A (en) * 1968-07-26 1970-10-20 Brunswick Corp Speed limiting ignition system
US3654905A (en) * 1968-10-23 1972-04-11 Sibe Improvements in or relating to feed devices for internal combustion engines
US3581720A (en) * 1968-11-22 1971-06-01 Silicon Systems Inc Electronic engine r.p.m. limiting device
US3665903A (en) * 1969-02-03 1972-05-30 Lucas Industries Ltd Speed limiting systems for internal combustion engines
US3651793A (en) * 1969-02-12 1972-03-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Arrangement for limiting the speed of internal combustion engines
US3562534A (en) * 1969-05-19 1971-02-09 Ranco Inc Photoelectric level control system with lamp operated at alternate brightness utilizing separate photocell and scr
US3605714A (en) * 1969-06-11 1971-09-20 Eltra Corp Contactless ignition system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4106462A (en) * 1976-03-18 1978-08-15 General Electric Company Ignition system control circuit
US10308097B2 (en) * 2016-01-22 2019-06-04 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Temperature sensor for the heat exchanger of a motor vehicle air conditioning system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2207113B2 (de) 1977-03-10
IT957521B (it) 1973-10-20
ES400245A1 (es) 1974-12-16
GB1369232A (en) 1974-10-02
ZA72768B (en) 1972-12-27
JPS4729724A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-11-07
AR200836A1 (es) 1974-12-27
AU3880772A (en) 1973-08-16
BR7200874D0 (pt) 1973-05-03
JPS549301B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1979-04-23
AU470445B2 (en) 1976-03-18
DE2207113A1 (de) 1972-08-31
FR2125939A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-09-29

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