US3820343A

US3820343A - Self supporting wall

Info

Publication number: US3820343A
Application number: US00345492A
Authority: US
Inventors: G Morren; N Berndt
Original assignee: SPEIDEL FOUND AND MARINE Inc
Current assignee: SPEIDEL FOUND AND MARINE Inc
Priority date: 1973-03-28
Filing date: 1973-03-28
Publication date: 1974-06-28
Anticipated expiration: 1991-06-28
Also published as: FR2223515A1; CA994561A; IT1011158B; JPS5027303A; FR2223515B3; NL7404177A

Abstract

A self-supporting wall construction comprising a plurality of Vshaped modules connected together to form a zig-zag shaped wall. Each module comprises a pair of wall segments which extend at an angle relative to one another and have their adjacent ends connected together. The pair of wall segments of each V-shaped module are connected by a substantially horizontal hinge, and the adjacent modules are similarly connected by horizontal hinges whereby the individual wall segments are permitted to vertically pivot relative to one another to conform to an unlevel supporting surface. This hinging movement also enables the individual wall segments to relatively move as required by the external loads imposed thereon.

Description

United States Patent 1 Morren et a1.

145] June 28, 1974 1 SELF-SUPPORTING WALL [75] Inventors: George J. Morren, Zeeland; Neil R.

Berndt, St. Joseph, both of Mich.

[73] Assignee: Speidel Foundation & Marine, Inc.,

Benton Harbor, Mich. [221 Filed: Mar. 28, 1973 [21] Appl. N0.: 345,492

a [52] US. Cl 61/35, 52/71, 52/584, I 61/49 [51] Int. Cl E04b U344 [58] Field-of Search 52/71, 581, 609, 608, 582, 52/584, 758 C; 256/19, 24, 26, 27, 28; 61/49, 35

[56] eferences Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 21,037 7/1858 Van De Mark 256/27 217,391 7/1874 Marks 256/27 417,205 12/1889 Swift 256/28 688,741 12/1901 Knee 256/27 2,941,371 6/1960 Benedict 61/49 2,960,797 11/1960 Frehner 61/35 2,982,290 5/1961 Hunziker.... 52/71 3,016,115 H1962 Harrison 52/71 3,444,694 5/1969 Ferhner 61/35 3,614,068 10/1971 Koch] 256/19 3,732,653 5/1973 Pickett 52/71 FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 219,880 7/1957 Australia 256/26 548,021 9/1942 Great Britain 52/582 561,881 6/1944 Great Britain 52/DIG. 2

[5 7] ABSTRACT A self-supporting wall construction comprising a plurality of V-shaped modules connected together to form a zig-zag shaped wall. Each module comprises a pair of wall segments which extend at an angle relative to one another and have their adjacent ends connected together. The pair of wall segments of each V- shaped module are connected by a substantially horizontal hinge, and the adjacent modules are similarly connected by horizontal hinges whereby the individual wall segments are permitted to vertically pivot relative to one another to conform to an unlevel supporting surface. This hinging movement also enables the individual wall segments to relatively move as required by the external loads imposed thereon.

12 Claims, 6 Drawing Figures PATENTEDmzs 1974 saw 2 or 2 1 SELF-SUPPORTING WALL FIELD OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a wall construction and, more'particularly, to a self-supporting wall construction usable as a sea wall, retaining wall, barrier wall or the like.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Many areas of shore line, particularly along the shore line of lakes, such as the Great Lakes, suffer from erosion. The principal cause of erosion is the wave energy of the water and the direction in which sand and other fines of the shore line tend to migrate. Another factor is the composition of the shore line soil itself.

This problem of shore line erosion is particularly se vere on the Great Lakes due to the extremely high water level of these lakes, which high water level has existed for several years and apparently will continue to exist for a further substantial period of time. Since much of the shore line around the Great Lakes consists of sand or soil which easily erodes, the high water level has been causing gradual but rather rapid erosion of the shore line and has, in many areas, substantially destroyed the desirable sandy beaches which once existed. Further, the shore line in many areas along the Great Lakes consists of high sand bluffs, and homes and other structures are often built on the top of these bluffs relatively near the edge thereof so as to overlook the lake. The continued existence of the high water level in the Great Lakes, combined with the wave energy of the water, has resulted in the rapid erosion of the base of these sand bluffs. Thus, the bluffs in many areas are being rapidly destroyed, thereby resulting in the destruction of homes and other buildings constructed on the blufis.

Many different types of piers and retaining walls have been constructed along the shore line in an attempt to prevent erosion of the type described above. However, most of these prior constructions have generally involved the use of structures constructed directly on the site, such as by requiring the sinking of piers or footings into the ground, as by pile driving, or by the constructing of caissons in the ground and by utilizing poured concrete or similarly fabricated steel structures which must be constructed directly at the job site. All of these prior wall constructions have thus been extremely costly due to the requirement that they beconstructed directly on the job site. These known structures also often require the use of extremely costly and heavyduty equipment, particularly since some operations are carried out in the water. Further, since the prior constructions have often required that the wall be anchored to the ground, such as by pilings or other buried footings, this thus makes installation of the wall difficult and costly.

Accordingly, the present invention provides an improved wall structure, particularly suitable for use as a sea wall, which will efiectively inhibit shore line erosion and yet overcome the numerous above-mentioned disadvantages associated with known wall constructions. The present wall construction' can also be desirably used as an earth retaining wall, a sound barrier, a spatial divider, fence or the like. Accordingly, it is an object to the present invention to provide:

l. A wall construction, as aforesaid, which is of a substantially zig-zag shape and can be positioned directly on a supporting surface in a self-supporting manner, such as directly on a beach when used as a sea wall so as to not require the use of piles or other footings.

2. A wall construction, as aforesaid, which is constructed from a plurality of prefabricated wall segments, which wall segments can be easily connected together into the desired shape directly at the job site.

3. A wall construction, as aforesaid, wherein the adjacent wall sections are connected solely by a substan' tially horizontal hinge structure which enables adjacent wall sections to pivotally move vertically relative to one another, thus enabling the wall construction to be posi- 5 tioned on a nonlevel supporting surface, with the perof ice, to minimize, if not prevent, damage to the wall stwcture.

4. A wall construction, as aforesaid, wherein the zigzag shape of the wall substantially breaks and distrio utes the force of the waves to minimize the force imposed on the wall.

5. A wall construction, as aforesaid, which due to its zig-zag shaped configuration is intended to minimize the general migration of sand along the beach line, which migration for example, occurs from a Northemly to a Southemly direction along Lake Michigan, thus tending to cause the sand to collect within the confines of the wall. 6. A wall construction, as aforesaid, which is of sufficient height to absorb the main force of the wave but which will enable sufficient spillover of the waves to enable some sand to collect in back of the wall to facilitate the build-up of beach behind the wall.

7. A wall construction, as aforesaid, which can be substantially entirely prefabricated so as to require very little job site preparation or job site assembly.

Other objects and purposes of the present invention will be apparent to persons acquainted with the art of this type upon reading the following specification and inspecting the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a selfsupporting wall construction according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a fragmentary plan view of a length of the wall construction of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an elevational view of the wall construction illustrated in FIG. 2.

FIG, 4 is an enlarged fragmentary plan view, taken partially in cross section, and illustrating the manner in which the ends of adjacent wall segments are hingedly connected.

FIG. 5 is a plan view, taken in cross section, and illustrating the internal structure of a wall segment constructed according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an elevational view, taken partially in cross section, of the wall segment illustrated in FIG. 5.

Certain terminology will be used in the following description for convenience in reference only. For example,th e words rightwardly and leftwardly will refer to directions in the drawings to which reference is made. The words upward. and downward will refer, respectively, to the upper and lowerends of the wall construction relative tov a supporting surface,

which upper and lower ends of the wall construction appear as the upper andlower ends in FIGS. 1, 3 and 6. The words inwardly and outwai-dly. will refer to directions toward and away from, respectively, the geometric center of the wall construction and specific components thereof. Said terminology willfinclude the words above specifically mentioned, derivatives thereof and words of similar import. I

'SUMMARYOFT'HE INVENTION The objects of the present invention, including those mentioned above, are achieved by providing a wall v construction which is formed from a pluralityofsubstantially identical slablike wall segments or panels. A plurality of said'wall segments are disposedin a substantially zig-zag pattern so that the opposite ends of each wall segment are disposed adjacent and connected to the ends of a pair 'of further wall segments. The cooperating endsof each pair of wallsegments are connected by a single hinge structure which'enablesad- 4 jacent wall segments to relatively move with respect to one another. The hinge structure specifically enables adjacent wall segments to relatively swing about a substantially horizontal axis; The wall construction, when the adjacent wall segments are hingedly connected'to- FIG. 5, thecenter portion 16 is angled relative to the

end portions

17 and 18 by anangle 4i which angle dais preferablyapproximately 30 if the wall is used as a sea a wall. e individual wall segments 14 are disposed sothat I the end portion 17 or18 of one'wall segment is disposed directly adjacent the

end portions

17 or 18 of a 'gether' in a. zi g-"zag shape, is: substantially "self-v supporting ona suitablesupporting surfacefsuch as a beach, even though the supporting surface isnot per- I fectly horizontal or level. The wall segrnents'are preferably prefabricated, such as by being constructed from steel reinforced concrete. The wallconstruction can be easily assembled on the jobsiteby positioning the individual wall segments in the desired zig-zag pattern, 'as by positioning each wall segment directly on the existing beach as in the caseof 'a sea wall construction by ments'then having their adjacent edges suitably connected byjtheabove-described hinge structureg' v D- ES R PTION means of a crane or derrick, with the adjacent wall segfurther wall segment, substantially as illustrated in FIG.

4'. When so positioned, wherein the adjacent surfaces are disposed in substantial contact with one another,

the center wall portions 16 of the two adjacent wall segments 14 thus define an included angle of 2 q therebe tween, which angle when thevwall is used as a sea wall is approximately60.' i

Y The 'adjacent end portions of adjacent wall segments,

14 are connected by means'of a connecting hinge structure 21', which hinge structure constitutes the sole structure-used for interconnecting the adjacent abutting end portions'of two adjacent-wall segments 14. The hingestructure-ZI permits relative pivotal movement between the adjacent wall segments-1'4 substantially about a horizontal hinge axis as definedlby the hinge structure .21. For this purpose,

each'end portion

17 and 18 of each wall segment 14. is provided with an opening 22; extending substantially transversely 'therethrough, which opening22 is disposed'substantially midway between the upper and lower edges of the wall segment. The openings 22 associated with the opposite end portions'l'l and Bare each spaced the same dis'tancefrom thefree vertieal edge of, the respective end portion. 117 or .18. 'Ihus',-when a pair of .wall segmentsld are disposed with their end portions 17 or 1 8,directlyadjacent one anoth t as illustrated in FIG. 4, the op enings 22 in the two adjacent end portions are thus} substantially aligned. with one another. Asuitableliner ,orfsleeve23 is positioned within each opening 22, "as by being cast therein. Anelongated connecting element 24, specifically an elongated thteaded'fastenersuch as abolt or threaded stud, extends through the liners 23with the opposite ends thereof projecting outwardly beyond the oppositeextemal facesof the end portions 17 and 18 j A conventional nut 26 is threadedonj each end of the fastener 24, the nut 26 being spaced from the face of FI GQ'I illustrates a retaining wall 11 constructedac cording to the present invention, which retaining wall I is suitable foruse as a sea wall and is adapted to be pogular slablike center portion 16 having slablike; end portions 17 and IS-fixedly, here integrally, connected to the opposite ends thereof. The

end portions

17 and 18 are identical but have been given different reference. numerals merely for purposes" of identification. Further, the central plane of each end portion 17 and18 extends at an angle relative tothe c'entralplane, of the center portion 16, whereupon the opposite end.

portions

17 and 18 are disposed 'substantiallyparall'el but laterally spaced from one another. Asillustrated in the

end portion

17 or 18 by anintermediate washer 27. Tightening of the nuts 26 toward one another results in theend portions 17 a'nd 118 being snugly held together so that their opposedfaces engage and overlie one another. However, bolt 24 still enables the adjacent end portions to pivotrelative to one another about the bolt.

The wall segments 14 are preferably constructed of reinforced concrete as illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6. The central wall portion 16 includes aplurality, of substantially parallel and vertically extending reinforcing rods 31 disposed closely adjacent the central plane of the central wall-portion. The, vertical reinforcing-rods 31 arefixedly connected to a plurality of substantially parand 32 thuslform a meshlike reinforcing structure. The

allel and horiaontally extending reinforcing rods 32, which rods are also disposed closely adjacent the centralplane of the central wall portion l6. The rods 31 opposite. end'portions l7 and: 18 0f the'wall'segrnents l4 arealso provided withtwo pairs.33.a nd 34 of verti-. cal reinforcing rods' disposed therein, which rods are disposed in a substantially rectangular arrangement- The opposite ends of the horizontal rods 32 extend into the end portions 17' and 18, and are'formed into closed loops 36, which loops surround the vertical reinforcing

rods

33 and 34 as illustrated in FIG. 5. The free end portion 37 of the horizontal rods 32 in turn terminate within the central wall portion 16.

The segment 14 is also provided with an angled reinforcing rod member 38 disposed in the vicinity of each opening 22 (FIG. 6), which angled reinforcing rod 38 extends between and is fixedly connected to a plurality of the loop portions 36. The angled reinforcing rod 38 partially surrounds opening 22 and extends between the opening 22 and the adjacent free end of the wall segment so as to reinforce the wall segment in the vicinity of the openings.

The'reinforcing rods

31, 32, 33, 34 and 38 are conventional steel reinforcing rods and thus further description of same is not believed necessary.

As illustrated in FIG. 6, each wall segment 14 is preferably provided with opposed pairs of lifting loops 41 thereon, which lifting loops project from the upper and lower surfaces of the wall segment and are disposed adjacent the opposite ends thereof. The lifting loops are constructed from conventional steel cable and are fixedly anchored within the wall segments. The loops 41 enable the individual precast wall segments to be suitably lifted, as by a derrick or crane, to facilitate their manipulation.

As depicted in FIG. 4, the center portion 16 of wall segment 14 has a thickness T whereas the

end portions

17 and 18 have a thickness T which thickness T is substantially greater than the thickness T The thickness T of the

end portions

17 and 18 is approximately 50 percent greater than the thickness T of the center wall portion 16. This thus provides the

end portions

17 and 18 with increased strength to enable the adjacent wall segments 14 to be connected by the hingestructure 21, and at the same time enables the end portions, due to the mannerv in which they project forwardly as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, to withstand the direct forces imposed thereon due to waves or ice if used as a sea wall, or earth pressures if used as a retaining wall.

In a practical embodiment of the present invention, the individual wall segments 14 have a height of approximately 6 feet and an overall length of approximately 16 feet. Of this overall length, each

end portion

17 and 18 is approximately 2 feet in length and the center portion 16 is approximately 12 feet in length. Thus, when the adjacent wall segments 14 are connected together in the zig-zag fashion illustrated in FIG. 2, the wall has a depth (as measured perpendicularly from the front to the rear edge thereof) of approximately 15 feet, and the spacing between adjacent aligned end portions is approximately 14 feet. Further, in the illustrated embodiment, the center portions 16 have a thickness T, of approximately 8 inches and the

end portions

17 and 18 have a thickness T of approximately 12 inches. The resulting wall segment 14, when provided with these dimensions and constructed of reinforced concrete, thus has a weight of approximately 12,000 pounds. However, the dimensions, weight, etc. of the individual wall segments can be suitably varied according to the design requirements.

OPERATION When a wall construction 11 according to the present invention is to be positioned on a supporting surface 12, no elaborate preparation of the supporting surface 12 is necessary since the wall construction 11 will readily accommodate and conform to the surface 12, even though the surface 12 is unlevel or deviates slightly from the horizontal. The wall construction 11 is disposed and assembled on the surface 12 by positioning the prefabricated wall segments 14 directly adjacent one another in a zig-zag fashion, as illustrated in FIG. 2, so that the opposite end portions of each wall segment 14 are disposed directly adjacent the end portions of two adjacent wall segments. More specifically, two wall segments 14 are positioned in a self-supporting manner directly on the surface 12, as by a crane or derrick, the two segments being disposed so that their adjacent end portions have their opposed faces substantially flush with one another, as illustrated in FIG. 4. If necessary, one of the wall segments can be lifted as required so that the openings of the sleeves 23 are substantially aligned, whereupon bolt 24 is inserted through the sleeves 23 and the nuts 26 are tightened on the opposite ends thereof. In this manner, the adjacent coacting end portions of adjacent wall segments 14 are thus structurally connected together. This manner of connecting the adjacent wall segments 14 is continued throughout the length of the wall 11, thereby resulting in a zig-zag shaped wall substantially as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.

The hinge structure 21, as defined by the sleeves 23 and bolt 24, permits the adjacent wall segments 14 to vertically move relative to one another substantially about a horizontal hinge axis as defined by the bolt 24. This structure 21 thus permits the two adjacent pivotally connected wall segments 14 to vertically swing relative to one another so that the lower surfaces thereof adapt to and conform with the supporting surface 12, even though this surface 12 is somewhat uneven or nonplanar. Thus, the complete wall 11 can be easily and readily installed directly on an existing support surface 12, such as a beach, merely by hoisting the prefabricated wall segments 14 into the desired position and then connecting same by the hinge structure 21. The hoisting of the segments 14 into position can be perfonned by either a crane or derrick. Further, since the panels 14 have an overall length which is substantially greater than their height, the resulting assembled wall 11 rests freely on the surface 12 in a stable condition without requiring any anchoring of same by means of footings, piers or the like when used as a seawall.

Since the overall width of the assembled wall 1 1, that is, the perpendicular distance measured from the front to the rear edge thereof as illustrated in FIG. 2, is of a rather large magnitude, and since the wall is of substantial weight, this thus enables the wall to absorb rather large forces which are imposed thereon, such as by waves or earth pressures, without fear of the wall being tipped over. Still further, since the wall height, when used as a sea wall, is substantially less than the width of the wall, such as in the order of 40 to 50 percent thereof, the force imposed on the wall by the waves will be imposed on the wall at a rather low elevation to thus minimize the tipping moment imposed on the wall. Also, the portion of the waves which are disposed at a high elevation, which portion is of rather low force, will readily spill over the top of the wall so as to enable sand suspended within the water to collect on the rear side of the wall.

When the wall 11 is installed as a sea wall, same is preferably positioned on the support surface or beach 12 so that it extends along the beach. Thus, when the waves strike the wall 11, they initially strike the projecting forward ends of the wall segments as defined by the coupled

end portions

17 and 18 as illustrated in FIG. 1. However, the portions of the waves located between the coupled end portions l7 and 18 enter into the triangular spaces defined between the center wall portions 16 and thus strike the wall at a subsequent time. The zig-zag shape of the wall thus effectively breaks the waves and'distributes the force of the waves as imposed on the wall over a substantial period of time, thus minimizing the impact force which is imposed on the wall at any instant of time. Further, since the waves normally cause the sand to migrate in one direction along the beach, the zig-zag shape of the wall tends to minimize this migration of the sand and causes some of the sand to collect in front of the wall within the triangular spaces defined between the adjacent diverging wall segments.

The wall structure 11 as illustrated in FIG. 1 is also highly desirable for withstanding ice, such as occurs along the shore line of the Great Lakes. The zig-zag shape of the wall 11 makes the wall extremely durable and able to withstand the impact of ice thereon, particularly since the adjoined forward end portions of the wall segments effectively penetrate the ice and tend to break up the ice. At the same time, these end portions of the wall segments are provided with increased thickness and increased metal reinforcing therein so as to withstand the impact thereon by the ice. Further, since the ice imposes very non-uniform forces on the wall, this nonuniform force can be partially absorbed without causing damage or breakage of the wall due to the permissible relative movement between the adjacent wall segments as permitted by the hinge structures 21.

Since all of the wall segments 14 are substantially identical, this greatly simplifies the positioning of the wall segments during initial installation on a support surface, such as a beach, since the wall segments can be easily interchanged, end for end, without disrupting the manner in which the end sections of adjacent walls are interconnected by the hinge structures 21.

While the wall structure of the present invention preferably utilizes steel reinforced concrete for the prefabricated wall segments 14, the wall segments can be constructed and prefabricated in some other manner, such as by being prefabricated from steel or the like.

The wall structure of the present invention can also be used as a groin or jetty positioned to extend outwardly into the water at a substantial angle to the beach, such as perpendicular thereto. The outwardly extending jetty can be coupled with a further length of wall (as illustrated in FIG. 1) which extends substantially along the beach.

Although a particular preferred embodiment of the invention has been disclosed above for illustrative purposes, it will be understood that variations or modifications thereof which lie within the scope of the appended claims are fully contemplated.

The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as fola plurality of prefabricated concrete wall segments connected in series with one another and defining a saw-toothed shaped wall extending in a selected direction, the individual wall segments being of a rigid and unitary structure, said wall segments also being relatively heavy so that the wall construction can withstand imposition of a substantial force on the sides thereof;

said wall segments including an elongated intermediate wall portion and a pair of short end wall portions, said end portions each including at least one substantially planar side surface which extends at an angle relative to a central plane defined by said intermediate wall portion, the substantially planar side'surface of an end portion of one wall segment being positioned directly adjacent a similar planar side surface associated with an end portion of an adjacent wall segment so that said planar side surfaces are substantially perpendicular to said selected direction, and the intermediate wall portions of said adjacent wall segments extending at an angle relative to one another so as to substantially define a V-shape; and

connecting means coacting between the adjacent wall segments for connecting same together while enabling continuous relative pivotal movement between said adjacent wall segments about a substantially horizontal axis for permitting the individual wall segments to continuously conform to the supporting surface, said connecting means including pivot means coacting between the adjacent end portions of adjacent wall segments, said pivot means defining said axis, and said axis extending in a direction which is substantially parallel to said selected direction of said wall.

2. A wall construction according to claim 1, wherein said pivot means includes a hinge pin extending between and connecting the adjacent end portions of said adjacent wall segments, said hinge pin including threaded fastener means associated therewith for connecting the adjacent end portions of said adjacent wall segments together.

3. A wall construction according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate wall portions of adjacent wall segments define an included angle therebetween which is a maximum of approximately 60.

4. A wall construction according to claim 3, wherein each said end portion extends at an angle of approximately 30 relative to the central plane of the respective intermediate wall portion.

5. A wall construction according to claim 1, wherein said end portions have a thickness substantially greater than the thickness of said intermediate wall portion.

6. A wall construction according to claim 1, wherein each wall segment includes an elongated slablike center portion defining said intermediate wall portion, said pair of short end wall portions being fixedly connected to the opposite ends of said center portion, said end portions being substantially parallel but laterally offset from one another and each extending at an angle rela tive to the central plane of said center portion.

7. A wall construction according to claim 1, wherein said end portions each have a small opening extending therethrough and adapted to be aligned with a similar opening formed in an end portion of an adjacent wall segment, and said pivot means including horizontally elongated hinge pin means positioned within said aligned openings and extending therethrough for connecting the adjacent end portions of adjacent wall segments together in a hinged relationship with respect to one another.

8. A wall construction according to claim 7, wherein said opening as formed in the respective end portion is disposed midway between the upper and lower edges of said wall segment so as to be alignable with an opening in an adjacent end portion irrespective of which edge of the wall segment is uppermost.

9. A wall construction according to claim 1, wherein each wall segment has metal reinforcing members cast within the intermediate and end wall portions thereof.

10. A wall construction according to claim 1, wherein said concrete wall segments have lifting means associated with both the upper and lower edges thereof to facilitate handling and installation of said wall segments irrespective of which edge is uppermost.

11. A wall construction according to claim 1,

- wherein the intermediate wall section is of a slablike construction which is substantially free of openings extending therethrough and is of substantially uniform thickness, and the pair of end portions being fixedly connected directly to opposite ends of said intermediate wall portion, said end portion each being of a slablike construction and of a substantially uniform thickness, said end portions each being at least as thick as said center portion, said end portions being defined by opposed substantially parallel and planar side surfaces, and said intermediate wall portion being defined by opposed substantially parallel and planar side surfaces. the side surfaces of each end portion being inclined relative to the side surfaces of the intennediate wall portions.

12. A wall construction according to claim 1, wherein the intennediate wall portions of adjacent wall segments define an included angle therebetween of ap proximately 1' UNITED STATES PATEN'IQOFFICIFZ I CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3 820 343 Dated A June 28, 1974 inventofls) George J. Morren and Neil R. Berhdt It is certified that error appears in the above-identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

Column 10, line l6; change "claim 1" to --Claim ll--.

Signed and sealed; this 5th day of November 1974.

(SEAL) Attest:

McCOY M. GIBSON JR. 0. MARSHALL DANN Attesting Officer Comissioner of Patents USCOMM'DC 60376'PO9 FORM PO-1050 (10-69) I w u.s. sovsmmzm' rnmrma OFFICE: nu o-see-su.

Claims

1. A self-supporting wall construction adapted to be positioned on a support surface, such as the ground, comprising: a plurality of prefabricated concrete wall segments connected in series with one another and defining a saw-toothed shaped wall extending in a selected direction, the individual wall segments being of a rigid and unitary structure, said wall segments also being relatively heavy so that the wall construction can withstand imposition of a substantial force on the sides thereof; said wall segments including an elongated intermediate wall portion and a pair of short end wall portions, said end portions each including at least one substantially planar side surface which extends at an angle relative to a central plane defined by said intermediate wall portion, the substantially planar side surface of an end portion of one wall segment being positioned directly adjacent a similar planar side surface associated with an end portion of an adjacent wall segment so that said planar side surfaces are substantially perpendicular to said selected direction, and the intermediate wall portions of said adjacent wall segments extending at an angle relative to one another so as to substantially define a V-shape; and connecting means coacting between the adjacent wall segments for connecting same together while enabling continuous relative pivotal movement between said adjacent wall segments about a substantially horizontal axis for permitting the individual wall segments to continuously conform to the supporting surface, said connecting means including pivot means coacting between the adjacent end portions of adjacent wall segments, said pivot means defining said axis, and said axis extending in a direction which is substantially parallel to said selected direction of said wall.

3. A wall construction according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate wall portions of adjacent wall segments define an included angle therebetween which is a maximum of approximately 60*.

4. A wall construction according to claim 3, wherein each said end portion extends at an angle Of approximately 30* relative to the central plane of the respective intermediate wall portion.

6. A wall construction according to claim 1, wherein each wall segment includes an elongated slablike center portion defining said intermediate wall portion, said pair of short end wall portions being fixedly connected to the opposite ends of said center portion, said end portions being substantially parallel but laterally offset from one another and each extending at an angle relative to the central plane of said center portion.

11. A wall construction according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate wall section is of a slablike construction which is substantially free of openings extending therethrough and is of substantially uniform thickness, and the pair of end portions being fixedly connected directly to opposite ends of said intermediate wall portion, said end portion each being of a slablike construction and of a substantially uniform thickness, said end portions each being at least as thick as said center portion, said end portions being defined by opposed substantially parallel and planar side surfaces, and said intermediate wall portion being defined by opposed substantially parallel and planar side surfaces, the side surfaces of each end portion being inclined relative to the side surfaces of the intermediate wall portions.

12. A wall construction according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate wall portions of adjacent wall segments define an included angle therebetween of approximately 60*.