US3816835A - Multiplexer-demultiplexer for microwave antennas - Google Patents

Multiplexer-demultiplexer for microwave antennas Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3816835A
US3816835A US00356812A US35681273A US3816835A US 3816835 A US3816835 A US 3816835A US 00356812 A US00356812 A US 00356812A US 35681273 A US35681273 A US 35681273A US 3816835 A US3816835 A US 3816835A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
port
kmc
ports
demultiplexer
multiplexer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00356812A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
N Hai
A Osias
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3816835A publication Critical patent/US3816835A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/12—Coupling devices having more than two ports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/16—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/16—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion
    • H01P1/161—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion sustaining two independent orthogonal modes, e.g. orthomode transducer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/213—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies
    • H01P1/2131—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters combining or separating two or more different frequencies with combining or separating polarisations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
    • H01Q5/45—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements using two or more feeds in association with a common reflecting, diffracting or refracting device

Definitions

  • the system operates as follows: Two serially arranged directional couplers respectively deliver the vertically-polarized signals of the first frequency band and the horizontally-polarized signals of the first frequency band to two outputs of the system, and the remainder of the signals received from the antenna to a polarizer.
  • the latter feeds two waveguides with respective stubs and matching networks, forming the first branches of two Y-junctions; each one of the other branches of these Y-junctions feeds a filter.
  • the four corresponding filters whose outputs form other outputs of the system, respectively deliver the horizontally-polarized signals in the 6.2 to 6.4 kmc and 6.7 to 7.1 kmc frequency sub-ranges and the vertically-polarized signals in the 5.9 to 6.2 kmc and 6.4 to 6.7 kmc frequency sub-ranges.
  • the present invention relates to a multiplexerdemultiplexer for a microwave antenna and more especially an antenna intended for the transmission of telephone channels.
  • the frequency bands respectively comprised between 3.6 and 4.2 kmc, 5.9 and 6.4 kmc, 6.4 and 7.1 kmc and 10.7 and 11.7 kmc, will be referred to respectively as the 4 kmc, 6 kmc, 7 kmc and 11 kmc frequency bands.
  • One known multiplexer-demultiplexer makes it possible to carry three frequency bands: 4 kmc, 6 kmc and I1 kmc; the energy in each band is picked off by a directionnal coupler of total coupling type, and the six directional couplers, two for each frequency band, are arranged in series one after the other; this solution cannot be applied where at least two of the frequency bands are close together, the band separation being difficult to achieve at locations where the frequency bands are close together.
  • Another known multiplexer-demultiplexer makes it possible to handle two frequency bands: 4 kmc and 6 kmc; it employs two directional couplers of total coupling type, associated with the two polarizations of the 4 kmc band, and a polarization duplexer for the 6 kmc;
  • a multiplexer-demultiplexer which is designed to handle three frequency bands: 4 kmc, 6 kmc and 7 kmc; and this comprises, in a series arrangement: a port for connection to an antenna, a system of directional couplers, for the 6 kmc and 7 kmc bands, and a polarization duplexer to separate the two 4 kmc band polarizations.
  • the multiplexer-demultiplexer in accordance with the invention makes it possible to operate in the same frequency bands as the one last-mentioned; it has the advantage of excellent separation or combination between the different bands, on the one hand because the 6 kmc and 7 kmc bands are processed there at locations where the frequencies of the 4 kmc band are not present, and on the other hand because of the structure of the elements designed to separate or diplex the 6 kmc and 7 kmc bands.
  • a multiplexer-demultiplexer for a microwave antenna designed to transmit first, second and third frequency bands respectively comprised between 3.6 and 4.2 kmc, 5.9 and 6.4 kmc and 6.4 and 7.1 kmc
  • said multiplexer-demultiplexer comprising: first coupling means having a first port for coupling to an antenna, and a second port; a first directional coupler having a first port coupled to said second port of said first coupling means, and second and third ports and a second directional coupler having a first port coupled to said third port of said first directional coupler, and second and third ports, one of said directional couplers being designed to transmit to its second port the whole of the vertically-polarized signals in said first frequency band applied to its first port, and the remainder of the signals applied to its first port to its third port, and the other of said directional couplers being designed to transmit to its second port the whole of the horizontallypolarized signals in said first frequency band applied to its first port, and the remainder of the signals
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates an antenna compris- I ing a multiplexer-demultiplexer in accordance with the invention
  • FIG. 2 illustrates in more detail the multiplexerdemultiplexer of the antenna shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is the block diagram of one of the elements shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates in a highly schematic fashion an offset Cassegrain antenna with a multiplexerdemultiplexer in accordance with the invention.
  • a primary source 1, an auxiliary reflector 2 and a main reflector 3, are shown in section and the multiplexerdemultiplexer 5 is shown in side elevation.
  • the multiplexer-demultiplexer comprises a port A coupled to the primary source 1, and six other ports 4 V, 4 H, 6 V, 7 V, 6 H, 7 H, which are defined hereinafter in relation to the other drawings.
  • FIG. 1 of the transmission and/or reception circuits of the antenna, only the multiplexer-demultiplexer has been shown, the other circuits being conventional in design. By way of indication, the antenna shown in FIG.
  • ll measures 5 m in height and is equivalent, from the performance point of view, to an antenna of the horn-reflector type, 10 rn in height; the multiplexer-demultiplexer 5 measures about 2.5 m.
  • This assembly can be installed at the uper portion of a mast, which portion can also carry all the circuits and devices required for the operation of the antenna, in order to ensure that connections between these various elements do not, by virtue of their length, give rise to parasitic disturbances or any other interference.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a more detailed view of the multiplexer-demultiplexer 5 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the multiplexer-demultiplexer taken as an example in this description, is designed to operate simultaneously on the whole frequency plan of the 4 kmc CCIR frequency band for beams of 960 channels per channel group, on half the complete frequency plan of the 6 kmc CCIR frequency band for beams of 1,800 channels per channel group and on half the complete frequency plan of the 7 kmc CCIR frequency band for beams of 2,700 channels per channel group; thus, around 40,000 telephone channels can be passed through this multiplexerdemultiplexer.
  • the multiplexer-demultiplexer shown in FIG. 2 will be described considering it as a demultiplexer, i.e., from the antenna onwards. It comprises:
  • a mode filter is incorporated whose function is to suppress TE and TM modes which are likely to develop at this location;
  • this mode filter is constituted by nickel-chrome coated glass resistors;
  • a first directional coupler 12 formed by a secondary waveguide, with an output port 4 V, and a main waveguide coupled to the transition 10, and whose main waveguide has a square section and passes all the operating frequencies of the antenna.
  • the magnetic coupling between the main waveguide and the secondary waveguide is effected through holes formed in the common wall of said main and secondary waveguides.
  • the coupler 12 is designed to transmit to the output 4 V of the demultiplexer the whole of the vertically-polarized signals in the 4 kmc frequency band applied to it through the transition 10;
  • the main waveguides of the couplers 12 and 13 have a common axis and are turned through 90 in relation to each other about this axis; consequently, the output port, 4 H, of the secondary waveguide of the second coupler is an output for the H polarization of the 4 kmc frequency band;
  • a polarizer 15 operating for demultiplexing purposes as a polarization separator, having an input port coupled to the transition 14 and two polarization ports H and V.
  • the polarizer 15 is designed to transmit to its two polarization orts H and V the two linear polarizations H and respectively in the band 5.9-7.l kmc;
  • a frequency separator 20 coupled to the H port of the polarizer 15, this frequency separator comprising: a waveguide 21 the first end of which is coupled to the H port and which comprises a matching network and a compensating stub 22 adjusted for the 7 kmc band; a Y-junction 23, coupled by the first of its three ports to the second end of the waveguide 24; two filters 24, 25 respectively coupled by their first ports to the second and third ports of Y-junction 23 and provided at their second ports with an insulator designed to improve impedance matching at those of their inputs opposite to the Y-junction.
  • the filters 24 and 25 are respectively adjusted for the 6.7-7.1 kmc frequency subrange, which corresponds to beams carrying 2,700 channels per channel group, and 6.2-6.4 kmc frequency sub-range, which corresponds to beams carrying 1800 channels per channel group; those terminals of the filters 24 and 25 opposite to the Y- junction 23, respectively constitute the output ports 7 H and 6 H of the demultiplexer;
  • a frequency separator 30 coupled to the V port of the polarizer 15 and formed by elements corresponding to those employed in the frequency separator 20, the reference numbers of these elements being increased by 10 relatively to the corresponding elements of the frequency separator 20, and the output ports 6 H and 7 H being respectively replaced by output ports 6 V and 7 V;
  • the matching network and the stub 32 for the waveguide 31 are adjusted for the 5.9-6.7 kmc frequency band;
  • the filters 34 and 35 are respectively adjusted for the 6.4-6.7 kmc frequency sub-range, corresponding to beams of 2,700 channels per channel group, and the 5.9-6.2 kmc frequency corresponding to beams of 1,800 channels per channel group.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the frequency separator-mixer 20 shown in FIG. 2.
  • the matching network which has been referred to in the context of this frequency separator-mixer during the description of FIG. 2, is marked by the same reference 21 as the waveguide to which it is coupled. Also, shown are the compensating stubs 22, the Y-junction 23, the filters 24 and 25, and the ports 7 H and 6 H plus the port connected, in FIG. 2, to the polarizer and marked here by the letter B.
  • multiplexer-demultiplexer has been described assuming it to be used only for demultiplexing purposes.
  • the antenna is preferably used for a simultaneous multiplexing-demultiplexing, in which one of the frequency separator-mixers 20 and 30 is used as a demultiplexing frequency separator and the other as a multiplexing frequency mixer, whereby each one of the directional couplers, 12 and 13, may be used for transmission or reception, irrespective of how the other coupler is being used, without affecting the quality of the link.
  • the results listed hereinafter correspond to this kind of operation of the multiplexerdemultiplexer.
  • the frequency separator-mixer 20 covers the frequency subranges of the 6 kmc and 7 kmc bands, with a standing wave ratio of 1.05.
  • the filters 24, 25 utilized for the higher frequency sub-ranges are Tschebyscheff cavity filters comprising ten cavities and achieving an attenuation equal to or better than dB for a frequency approximately equidistant from 6.4 and 6.7 kmc, and consequently excellent definition of the filter short-circit planes.
  • the transmission loss ranges between 0.2 and 0.4 dB and the variation in group delay is less than 0.5 m8.
  • the invention is not limited to the multiplexer-demultiplexer described here, and certain variant embodiments can be employed, as for example the utilization of one of the frequency separator-mixers for transmitting a single frequency band, one of the two filters of this frequency separator-mixer being substituted by a matched load; it is also possible to change over the connection of the frequency separator-mixers 20, 30 to the polarizer 15.
  • a multiplexer-demultiplexer for a microwave antenna designed to transmit first, second and third frequency bands respectively comprised between 3.6 and 4.2 kmc, 5.9 and 6.4 kmc and 6.4 and 7.1 kmc, said multiplexer-demultiplexer comprising: first coupling means having a first port for coupling to an antenna, and a second port; a first directional coupler having a first port coupled to said second port of said first coupling means, and second and third ports and a second directional coupler having a first port coupled to said third port of said first directional coupler, and second and third ports, one of said directional couplers being designed to transmit to its second port the whole of the vertically-polarized signals in said first frequency band applied to its first port, and the remainder of the signals applied to its first port to its third port, and the other of said directional couplers being designed to transmit to its second port the whole of the horizontallypolarized signals in said first frequency band applied to its first port, and the remainder of the signals applied to its first port to its third port;
  • each of said waveguides further comprises a matching network.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
US00356812A 1972-05-05 1973-05-03 Multiplexer-demultiplexer for microwave antennas Expired - Lifetime US3816835A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7216104A FR2182728B1 (bs) 1972-05-05 1972-05-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3816835A true US3816835A (en) 1974-06-11

Family

ID=9098068

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00356812A Expired - Lifetime US3816835A (en) 1972-05-05 1973-05-03 Multiplexer-demultiplexer for microwave antennas

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US3816835A (bs)
JP (2) JPS4956560A (bs)
BE (1) BE798975A (bs)
DE (1) DE2322549B2 (bs)
FR (1) FR2182728B1 (bs)
GB (1) GB1362946A (bs)
NL (1) NL7306157A (bs)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3943519A (en) * 1974-03-08 1976-03-09 Thomson-Csf Multiplexer-demultiplexer for a microwave antenna
EP0391184A2 (de) * 1989-04-04 1990-10-10 kabelmetal electro GmbH Polarisationsweiche für zwei unterschiedliche Frequenzbänder
EP1291955A1 (en) * 2000-06-05 2003-03-12 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Waveguide group branching filter

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2263612B2 (bs) * 1972-05-05 1979-07-20 Thomson Csf
DE2443166C3 (de) * 1974-09-10 1985-05-30 ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH, 7150 Backnang Systemweiche zur Trennung zweier Signale, die aus je zwei doppelt polarisierten Frequenzbändern bestehen
DE2517383C3 (de) * 1975-04-19 1979-03-01 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Systemweiche für Frequenzdoppelausnutzung
US4467294A (en) * 1981-12-17 1984-08-21 Vitalink Communications Corporation Waveguide apparatus and method for dual polarized and dual frequency signals
DE3208029A1 (de) * 1982-03-05 1983-09-15 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Frequenzweiche zur trennung zweier frequenzbaender unterschiedlicher frequenzlage
YU201586A (en) * 1985-12-06 1988-12-31 Siemens Ag Assembly for transmitting directed radio relay signals in two or more radio relay frequency bands
CN114171866B (zh) * 2021-11-17 2023-06-02 西安电子科技大学重庆集成电路创新研究院 一种玻璃基超宽阻带微波滤波器及双工器

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3234555A (en) * 1961-07-06 1966-02-08 Philco Corp Modular signal channeling system

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3234555A (en) * 1961-07-06 1966-02-08 Philco Corp Modular signal channeling system

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3943519A (en) * 1974-03-08 1976-03-09 Thomson-Csf Multiplexer-demultiplexer for a microwave antenna
EP0391184A2 (de) * 1989-04-04 1990-10-10 kabelmetal electro GmbH Polarisationsweiche für zwei unterschiedliche Frequenzbänder
EP0391184A3 (de) * 1989-04-04 1991-09-25 kabelmetal electro GmbH Polarisationsweiche für zwei unterschiedliche Frequenzbänder
EP1291955A1 (en) * 2000-06-05 2003-03-12 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Waveguide group branching filter
EP1291955A4 (en) * 2000-06-05 2003-06-11 Mitsubishi Electric Corp WAVEGUIDE GROUP SEPARATION FILTER
US6847270B2 (en) 2000-06-05 2005-01-25 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Waveguide group branching filter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4956560A (bs) 1974-06-01
FR2182728A1 (bs) 1973-12-14
BE798975A (fr) 1973-08-31
DE2322549A1 (de) 1973-11-15
DE2322549B2 (de) 1980-02-28
JPS5938722Y2 (ja) 1984-10-29
DE2322549C3 (bs) 1980-10-16
JPS566101U (bs) 1981-01-20
GB1362946A (en) 1974-08-07
NL7306157A (bs) 1973-11-07
FR2182728B1 (bs) 1977-03-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4777457A (en) Directional coupler for separation of signals in two frequency bands while preserving their polarization characteristics
CA1078534A (en) Contiguous channel multiplexer
US4491810A (en) Multi-port, multi-frequency microwave combiner with overmoded square waveguide section
US6661309B2 (en) Multiple-channel feed network
EP0338471B1 (en) A dividing cascade network for a support station in a radio telephone network
US3731235A (en) Dual polarized diplexer
US2649576A (en) Pseudohybrid microwave device
US4902992A (en) Millimeter-wave multiplexers
US5502715A (en) Integrated diplexer-amplifier for near antenna installation
US3659227A (en) Switch-controlled directional coupler
US3816835A (en) Multiplexer-demultiplexer for microwave antennas
US5274839A (en) Satellite communications system with the zero-db coupler
US4240155A (en) Diplexer and multiplexer
US3636452A (en) Radio relay system
US4543545A (en) Microwave radio frequency power divider/combiner
CA2089701C (en) System and method for combining multiple transmitters in a multiple channel communication system
US4449128A (en) Radio frequency transmitter coupling circuit
US2975381A (en) Duplexers
US4630059A (en) Four-port network coupling arrangement for microwave antennas employing monopulse tracking
US6201949B1 (en) Multiplexer/demultiplexer structures and methods
US3963998A (en) Variable bandwidth tunable directional filter
US5546057A (en) Antenna/filter combiner
US3383630A (en) Electromagnetic wave transmission device having large waveguide joined to two smaller ridged waveguides
CN210380824U (zh) 一种列车多天线整合平台
US3886499A (en) High frequency electrical network with frequency dependent characteristics having a constant input resistance