US3815505A - Self-destructing apparatus for impact-detonating explosive devices - Google Patents

Self-destructing apparatus for impact-detonating explosive devices Download PDF

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Publication number
US3815505A
US3815505A US00310092A US31009272A US3815505A US 3815505 A US3815505 A US 3815505A US 00310092 A US00310092 A US 00310092A US 31009272 A US31009272 A US 31009272A US 3815505 A US3815505 A US 3815505A
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United States
Prior art keywords
self
primer
impact
pin
destructing
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00310092A
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English (en)
Inventor
P Roh
M Strunk
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dynamit Nobel AG
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Dynamit Nobel AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dynamit Nobel AG filed Critical Dynamit Nobel AG
Priority to NL7216146A priority Critical patent/NL7216146A/xx
Priority to GB5501472A priority patent/GB1401827A/en
Priority to US00310092A priority patent/US3815505A/en
Priority to FR7242286A priority patent/FR2208516A5/fr
Priority to BE791993A priority patent/BE791993A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3815505A publication Critical patent/US3815505A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C11/00—Electric fuzes
    • F42C11/02—Electric fuzes with piezo-crystal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C11/00—Electric fuzes
    • F42C11/06—Electric fuzes with time delay by electric circuitry
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C15/00—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges
    • F42C15/18—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved
    • F42C15/188—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved using a rotatable carrier
    • F42C15/192—Arming-means in fuzes; Safety means for preventing premature detonation of fuzes or charges wherein a carrier for an element of the pyrotechnic or explosive train is moved using a rotatable carrier rotatable in a plane which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the projectile
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/14—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes
    • F42C9/147—Impact fuze in combination with electric time fuze
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C9/00—Time fuzes; Combined time and percussion or pressure-actuated fuzes; Fuzes for timed self-destruction of ammunition
    • F42C9/14—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes
    • F42C9/16—Double fuzes; Multiple fuzes for self-destruction of ammunition

Definitions

  • the apparatus includes means responsive to at least one of firing or dropping of the impact-detonating explosive device for triggering a sonic wave generator after a predetermined time delay, the sonic wave produced by the generator being transmitted to the piezoelectric fuze for detonation of the explosive device, thereby ensuringdestruction of the device.
  • the present invention relates to a self-destruction device for explosive devices detonating'on impact, such as, for example, projectiles, rockets, or bombs, having a piezoelectric fuze which can be triggered by sonic shock waves.
  • piezoelectric detonators are known for projectiles, rockets, bombs, or the like, and described in detail, for example, in US. Pat. No. 3,356,026. It is furthermore known from US. Pat. No. 2,894,457 thatpiezoelectricfuzescanbe triggered by sonic shock waves which are produced in the explosive device when impinging upon the target after having been fired or dropped with the sonic waves passing via the .wall of the explosive device to the detonator for generating the ignition voltage in the piezo crystal.
  • percussive explosive devices For reasons of safety, it is basically desirable to construct percussive explosive devices, if at all possible, in such a manner that they self-destruct, if they fail to detonate by contact with the target within a predetermined period of time after firing or dropping.
  • the objective of the present invention to provide an impact explosive device with a piezoelectric fuzev'vhich can be triggered by sonic waves and to artificially produce in the percussion explosive device, a sonic wave for triggering the piezoelectric fuze after the elapse of a predetermined time interval after firing or dropping of the explosive device.
  • Such an arrangement thus ensures that it is impossible for the impact explosive device to become inoperable or even to detonate in case of an unintended premature triggering of the self-destruction device i.e., as long as the piezoelectric fuze is still in the safety position.
  • the delay line can be constructed conventionally on an electronic basis, by providing that electrical energy, supplied upon the firing or dropping of the percussion explosive device, for example, from the outside, is transmitted via capacitors, resistors and other circuit components with a desired delay to an electrically ignitable detonator.
  • the delay line may be selected in a known manner as a pyrotechnical mixture ignitable with the aid of an impactor friction-sensitive primer element and to maintain, at a spacing from the primer element, an ignition pin in a locked position which can be overcome, likewise in a conventional manner, by inertial forces, this-pin being movable toward the primer element by means of inertial forces, spring force, or the like.
  • the delay process, as well as the sound generation are effected mechanically by holding a striker pin at a spacing from an impingement surface associated with the piezoelectric fuze by means of a locking action, against the force of a compression spring, which locking action can be overcome in a conventional manner by inertial forces.
  • the striker pin is provided with a serration, and a conventional blocking gear meshes therewith, so that the movement of the fir ing pin against the impingement surface can be retarded in a predetermined manner.
  • the striking surface is in such a spatial arrangement with respect to the fuze that the satisfactory sound transmission'to the piezo crystal is also ensured in this case.
  • a particularly favorable transmission of the sonic waveto the piezo crystal is obtained by providing that theimpingement surface is part of one of the two abutments of the piezoelectric fuze.
  • the abutment contacting the piezo crystal is constructed so that it can absorb the impact forces occurring upon impingment of the striker pin, without the function of the piezoelectric fuze being impaired thereby.
  • the impingement surface is formed as part of an impactsensitive detonator, from which the sonic wave is then transmitted to the piezo crystal.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a piezoelectric fuze with a self-destructing device provided with a pyrotechnical delay unit;
  • FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a piezoelectric fuze with a self-destructing device provided with a mechanical delay unit;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram for an electronicdelay unit in accordance with the present invention.
  • a piezoelectric fuze and a self-destructing device are disposed side-by-side in an outer housing 23, which can be inserted, for example, in the bottom of a projectile, not shown, with a propagation charge 9 arranged at one end pointing into the flight direction.
  • the piezoelectric fuze is installed in the housing 1 and is provided with a safety mechanism for placing the fuze in the armed condition only during or shortly after the firing of the projectile.
  • a spring 2 is compressed by a stud 3 upon firing, by the inertia of the latter, so that an arming ball 4 is released and a rotor 5 can be pivoted by a biased torsion spring 6, to such an extent that a detonator 7 contacts with its central contact, not shown, a displaceably arranged contact element 8 and comes into engagement with the propagation charge 9 with its opposed end face for placing the fuze in the armed position.
  • the contact element 8 is in electrically conductive connection via a compression spring 10 and one abutment 24 with a piezo crystal 11, which crystal is insulated on one side from the housing 1 by means of an insulating cup 12.
  • the other side of the piezo crystal 11 is in electrically conductive connection with the outer casing of the electrically ignitable detonator 7 via another abutment 13, the housing 1, and the rotor 5. Upon the impingement of a sonic wave on the fuze, an electric voltage is produced in the piezo crystal 11 which serves for igniting the detonator 7.
  • An annular casing 14 is disposed around the housing I and the self-destructing device is arranged within two parallel-arranged bores of the casing.
  • a pin 16 Upon firing, a pin 16 is displaced, due to its inertia, toward the rear against the bias of spring such that an arming ball 17 is released.
  • the arming ball 17 serves for locking a primer pin 18 in an initial position such that upon release of the ball 17, the primer pin 18 which is constructed as a striker pin moves from its locked position due to its inertia, toward the rear and against a frictionsensitive primer element 19, whereby the latter is ignited.
  • This primer element 19 ignites a pyrotechnical mixture provided thereafter, which, after burning through within a predetermined delay period, ignites a flash-sensitive detonator 21.
  • the detonator 21, during its reaction, produces a sonic wave traveling, via the metallic components which are in contact with one another with a minimum amount of play, to the piezo crystal 11, generating at that point the electrical voltage required for igniting the detonator 7.
  • Conventional mixture compositions can be employed for the primer element 19, the delay line with the pyrotechnical mixture 20, and for the detonator 21, which are advantageously combined into a unit within a common casing 25.
  • a mixture of tetrazene and trinitroresorcinate can be used for the friction-sensitive primer element 19;
  • a mixture of antimony, potassium chlorate, and lead chromate can be employed for the pyrotechnical mixture 20;
  • two series-connected compressed components of lead azide and penthrite can be utilized for the detonator 21, wherein the compressed unit of the flame-sensitive lead azide is disposed adjacent to the pyrotechnical mixture 20.
  • the strength of the detonator 21 is dimensioned so that it produces, on the one hand, a sonic wave sufficient for triggering the piezoelectric fuze, but, on the other hand, is incapable of detonating the projectile directly, or even to cause damage to the projectile.
  • FIG. 2 corresponds to that of FIG. 1 with respect to the piezoelectric fuze, so that the same components have been provided with identical reference numerals.
  • the self-destructing device is constructed as a purely mechanical device and is disposed behind the piezoelectric fuze. However, it is also possible to arrange this self-destructing device beside the fuze, if this should its locked position.
  • the thus-released striker pin 27 is set intomotion by means of a pretensioned compression spring 26.
  • the striker pin 27 has lateral extending teeth or serrations 31, meshing with a gear wheel '28 which, due to the gear inhibitor 29, can rotate only in an inhibited manner.
  • the construction of the gear inhibitor 29 is known, in principle, from German Offen- Iegungsschrift 1,927,911. As shown, the teeth 31 do not extend to the rear end of the striker pin 27, so that .the latter is accelerated without impediment by means of the compression spring 26 in the end portion of its forward movement.
  • the striker pin impinges on the impact surface 32 of the abutment 13 of the piezoelectric fuze and thereby produces a sonic wave resulting in the response of the fuze.
  • a percussion-sensitive detonator may be arranged in opposition to the striker pin 27 in order to produce a stronger sonic wave.
  • the abutment l3 rests on the housing 22 with the interposition of an elastic, electrically conductive member, e.g., one or several cup springs 33, to ensure that the abutment is in sufficient intimate contact with the piezo crystal 11.
  • an electronic delay line is illustrated in FIG. 3, wherein a capacitor C is charged in a conventional manner via two electrodes E and E
  • the electrodes E, and E are disposed on the outer surface of the jacket of the impact explosive device in such a manner that, during the firing and/or dropping of the impact explosive device from a barrel or, for example, a bomb well, they are in contact for a sufficient length of time with energized counter electrodes disposed at that point.
  • a capacitor C is charged in a predetermined manner via the resistor R by the capacitor C for such a period of time until the flashover voltage of a spark gap device F has been reached.
  • the capacitor C is discharged via the spark gap device F and an electrically ignitable detonator D, which detonator produces the sonic wave required for triggering .
  • the piezoelectric fuze arranged proximate thereto as in the FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 embodiments.
  • the invention may be sive device for triggering said sonicwave generating means after a predetermined period of delay to generate sonic waves for triggering of the piezoelectric fuze to effect detonation" of the explosive, whereby the selfdestructing apparatus is only indirectly effective on the.
  • said sonic generating means includes a detonatorand' said means for triggering said sonic wave generating means includes delay means for igniting said detonator after the predetermined period of delay, the sonic wave generated during the reaction of said detonator being transmitted to the piezoelectric fuze.
  • said delay means includes a pyrotechnical mixture having a predetermined burning time, said mixture being ignitable by primer element means, said means for triggering said sonic wave generating means further including movable primer pin means, locking means for retaining the primer pin means in a first position, said locking means being responsive to at least one of firing and. dropping of the impact-detonating explosive -device for releasing said primer pin means to permit the movement thereof, said primer pin means being movable from the first position which is spaced from said primer element means to contact said primer element means for igniting the pyrotechnical mixture.
  • said primer pin means includes a primer pin and spring means biasing said primer pin toward said primer element means, said spring means moving said pin into contact with said primer element means upon release of said primer pin.
  • said sonic wave generating means includes striker pin means biased for movement against an impingement surface proximate to the piezoelectric fuze for producing the sonic waves
  • said triggering means for said sonic wave generating means includes locking means for retaining said striker pin means in a first position spaced from the impringement surface and responsive to at least one of firing and dropping the impact-detonating explosion device for releasing said striker pin means for movement toward the impingement surface, and delay means for controlling the speed of movement of the striker pin during at least a portion of the path of movement between the first position and the impingement surface.
  • the delay means is an inhibiting gear meshing with serrations provided on said striker pin means along at least a portion of the surface thereof.
  • said sonic wavegenerating means includes a striker pin and a compression spring for biasing said striker pin in the direction toward the impingement surface.
  • Self-destructing apparatus wherein said means for triggering said sonic wave gen erating means is electronic circuit means responsive to at least one of firing and dropping ofthe impactdetonating explosive device for providing an electrical triggering signal and said sonic wave generating means is an electrically ignitable detonator responsive to the electrical triggering signal.
  • the electronic circuit means includes first and second electrodes energized during at least one of the firing and dropping of the impact-detonating explosive device, a first capacitor having first and second terminals connected respectively to said first and second electrodes, a resistor having one terminal connected to the first terminal of said first capacitor, a second capacitor having a first terminal connected to the other terminal of said resistor and a second terminal connected to the second terminal of the first capacitor, a spark gap device having one terminal connected to the other terminal of said resistor and another terminal connected to one terminal of said electrically ignitable detonator, said detonator having another terminal connected to the second terminal of the second capacitor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Automotive Seat Belt Assembly (AREA)
US00310092A 1972-11-28 1972-11-28 Self-destructing apparatus for impact-detonating explosive devices Expired - Lifetime US3815505A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL7216146A NL7216146A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1972-11-28 1972-11-28
GB5501472A GB1401827A (en) 1972-11-28 1972-11-28 Fuse for impact sensitive explosive device
US00310092A US3815505A (en) 1972-11-28 1972-11-28 Self-destructing apparatus for impact-detonating explosive devices
FR7242286A FR2208516A5 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1972-11-28 1972-11-28
BE791993A BE791993A (fr) 1972-11-28 1972-11-28 Auto-destruction de corps explosifs a percussion.

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL7216146A NL7216146A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1972-11-28 1972-11-28
GB5501472A GB1401827A (en) 1972-11-28 1972-11-28 Fuse for impact sensitive explosive device
US00310092A US3815505A (en) 1972-11-28 1972-11-28 Self-destructing apparatus for impact-detonating explosive devices
FR7242286A FR2208516A5 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1972-11-28 1972-11-28
BE791993A BE791993A (fr) 1972-11-28 1972-11-28 Auto-destruction de corps explosifs a percussion.

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US00310092A Expired - Lifetime US3815505A (en) 1972-11-28 1972-11-28 Self-destructing apparatus for impact-detonating explosive devices

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US (1) US3815505A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
BE (1) BE791993A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
FR (1) FR2208516A5 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
GB (1) GB1401827A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)
NL (1) NL7216146A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4215633A (en) * 1978-06-05 1980-08-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Acoustic emission contact fuze with signal processing capability
EP0605356A1 (en) * 1992-12-30 1994-07-06 Instalaza S.A. Self-destructive electronic fuse
WO1995020746A1 (en) * 1994-01-27 1995-08-03 Tpp Technological Industries Ltd. Autonomous electric detonator
US5936233A (en) * 1998-02-26 1999-08-10 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Buried object detection and neutralization system
US6481355B2 (en) * 2000-08-21 2002-11-19 Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh Bomblet fuze with self-destruct mechanism
US20060255690A1 (en) * 2004-08-11 2006-11-16 Rastegar Jahangir S Methods and apparatus for power generation
US20100005993A1 (en) * 2008-07-11 2010-01-14 Junghans Microtec Gmbh Fuze for a projectile
US20140305325A1 (en) * 2012-10-09 2014-10-16 Seju Engineering Co., Ltd. Fuse having self-destruct function and impact resistance
US20150241188A1 (en) * 2008-06-10 2015-08-27 Jahangir S. Rastegar Method For Providing Electrical Energy To A Self-Destruct Fuze For Submunitions Contained in a Projectile
CN111707155A (zh) * 2020-05-15 2020-09-25 北京机电工程研究所 一种自毁系统解锁起爆控制电路

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0044597A1 (de) * 1980-07-22 1982-01-27 Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon-Bührle AG Schaltung in einem elektrischen Zünder zum Zünden einer Zündkapsel

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2515040A (en) * 1947-12-01 1950-07-11 Us Navy Fuse
US2827851A (en) * 1954-08-13 1958-03-25 Peter B Ferrara Energizer assembly
US2870712A (en) * 1953-10-23 1959-01-27 Julius L Brown Fuze for use on rotating artillery ammunition
US2938461A (en) * 1956-07-05 1960-05-31 Rabinow Jacob Free-flight arming device
US3043222A (en) * 1957-07-29 1962-07-10 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Electric devices for igniting the charge of a projectile, said devices being especially intended for use on anti-aircraft or anti-armour projectiles
US3078802A (en) * 1960-05-16 1963-02-26 Graviner Manufacturing Co Missile fuzes
US3320890A (en) * 1965-05-06 1967-05-23 Thomas Q Ciccone Piezo-electric detonation initiator system
US3356026A (en) * 1964-11-10 1967-12-05 Dynamit Nobel Ag Piezoelectric igniter for projectiles
US3371608A (en) * 1967-06-01 1968-03-05 Avco Corp Fuze with delay firing and impact firing features

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2515040A (en) * 1947-12-01 1950-07-11 Us Navy Fuse
US2870712A (en) * 1953-10-23 1959-01-27 Julius L Brown Fuze for use on rotating artillery ammunition
US2827851A (en) * 1954-08-13 1958-03-25 Peter B Ferrara Energizer assembly
US2938461A (en) * 1956-07-05 1960-05-31 Rabinow Jacob Free-flight arming device
US3043222A (en) * 1957-07-29 1962-07-10 Brevets Aero Mecaniques Electric devices for igniting the charge of a projectile, said devices being especially intended for use on anti-aircraft or anti-armour projectiles
US3078802A (en) * 1960-05-16 1963-02-26 Graviner Manufacturing Co Missile fuzes
US3356026A (en) * 1964-11-10 1967-12-05 Dynamit Nobel Ag Piezoelectric igniter for projectiles
US3320890A (en) * 1965-05-06 1967-05-23 Thomas Q Ciccone Piezo-electric detonation initiator system
US3371608A (en) * 1967-06-01 1968-03-05 Avco Corp Fuze with delay firing and impact firing features

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4215633A (en) * 1978-06-05 1980-08-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Acoustic emission contact fuze with signal processing capability
EP0605356A1 (en) * 1992-12-30 1994-07-06 Instalaza S.A. Self-destructive electronic fuse
ES2068738A2 (es) * 1992-12-30 1995-04-16 Instalaza Sa Espoleta electronica autodestructiva.
WO1995020746A1 (en) * 1994-01-27 1995-08-03 Tpp Technological Industries Ltd. Autonomous electric detonator
US5936233A (en) * 1998-02-26 1999-08-10 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Buried object detection and neutralization system
US6481355B2 (en) * 2000-08-21 2002-11-19 Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh Bomblet fuze with self-destruct mechanism
US20060255690A1 (en) * 2004-08-11 2006-11-16 Rastegar Jahangir S Methods and apparatus for power generation
US7312557B2 (en) * 2004-08-11 2007-12-25 Omnitek Partners Llc Mass-spring unit for generating power by applying a cyclic force to a piezoelectric member due to an acceleration of the mass-spring unit
US20150241188A1 (en) * 2008-06-10 2015-08-27 Jahangir S. Rastegar Method For Providing Electrical Energy To A Self-Destruct Fuze For Submunitions Contained in a Projectile
US9341458B2 (en) * 2008-06-10 2016-05-17 Omnitek Partners, Llc Method for providing electrical energy to a self-destruct fuze for submunitions contained in a projectile
US9791251B2 (en) * 2008-06-10 2017-10-17 Omnitek Partners, Llc Method for providing electrical energy to a self-destruct fuze for submunitions contained in a projectile
US9791252B2 (en) * 2008-06-10 2017-10-17 Ominitek Partners Llc Power supply for providing electrical energy to a self-destruct fuze for submunitions contained in a projectile
US8037827B2 (en) * 2008-07-11 2011-10-18 Junghans Microtec Gmbh Fuze for a projectile
US20100005993A1 (en) * 2008-07-11 2010-01-14 Junghans Microtec Gmbh Fuze for a projectile
US20140305325A1 (en) * 2012-10-09 2014-10-16 Seju Engineering Co., Ltd. Fuse having self-destruct function and impact resistance
US9103643B2 (en) * 2012-10-09 2015-08-11 Seju Engineering Co., Ltd. Fuse having self-destruct function and impact resistance
CN111707155A (zh) * 2020-05-15 2020-09-25 北京机电工程研究所 一种自毁系统解锁起爆控制电路
CN111707155B (zh) * 2020-05-15 2022-08-16 北京机电工程研究所 一种自毁系统解锁起爆控制电路

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1401827A (en) 1975-07-30
FR2208516A5 (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1974-06-21
NL7216146A (cg-RX-API-DMAC7.html) 1974-05-30
BE791993A (fr) 1973-03-16

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