US3815503A - Self-propelling ballistic projectiles - Google Patents

Self-propelling ballistic projectiles Download PDF

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Publication number
US3815503A
US3815503A US00189905A US18990571A US3815503A US 3815503 A US3815503 A US 3815503A US 00189905 A US00189905 A US 00189905A US 18990571 A US18990571 A US 18990571A US 3815503 A US3815503 A US 3815503A
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United States
Prior art keywords
projectile
bore
self
lands
ballistic
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00189905A
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English (en)
Inventor
O Infantino
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Direccion General de Investigacion y Desarrollo
DIRECCION GENERAL DE INVESTIGA
Original Assignee
Direccion General de Investigacion y Desarrollo
DIRECCION GENERAL DE INVESTIGA
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Publication of US3815503A publication Critical patent/US3815503A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B15/00—Self-propelled projectiles or missiles, e.g. rockets; Guided missiles

Definitions

  • Conventional fireami cartridges comprise a case, a projectile or bullet fitted at the mouth end of the case, a propellant charge inside the case, and priming means at the rear end of the case. These cartridges are loaded into the chamber of a firearm and, upon being fired, the propellant charge impells the projectile or bullet through the barrel of the firearm. The case is retained in the chamber and elaborate means have been devised to eject it either manually or automatically.
  • Modern firearms have barrel bores with a series of equidistant parallel groves (called rifling) which spiral from one end of the barrel to the other. These groves or rifling define land portions which bite into the surface of the bullet while it travels through the bore and causes it to spin. The gyroscopic effect thus created helps to stabilize the path of the bullet and increases the accuracy of fire.
  • the outer diameter of the bullet is, of necessity, slightly larger than the inner diameter across the lands of the bore and, as a consequence, the bore is subjected to sever erosion.
  • the present invention provides a ballistic, self-propelling projectile adapted to be fired from a firearm having a helically grooved bore and capable of being totally expelled through said bore without leaving any residue in the firearm, said projectile comprising a body of substantially cylindro-ogival shape, having a propellant cavity therein, priming means in said propellant cavity, and an outer, peripheral flange at the rear,”terminal end of said body and integral therewith; the maximum outer diameter of said body being equal to, or slightly less than the diameter of said bore across the lands defined between said grooves; and the outer diameter of said rear peripheral flange being larger than the diameter of the bore across said lands; whereby, upon the projectile being fired and impelled through the bore, said rear peripheral flange is bit and deformed by the lands in the bore, and the projectile body expands under the pressure of firing and engages the lands in the bore thus causing the project
  • the basic principle of the invention resides in making the maximum outer diameter of the projectile body, equal or slightly less than the diameter of the bore of the firearm from which the projectile is to be fired.
  • the desired spinning motion is produced, on the one hand, by a rear peripheral flange which, upon firing of the projectile, engages and is deformed by the rifling in the bore, and on the other hand, by engagement of the surface of the projectile with the rifling in the bore clue to the expansion caused by the ignition of the propellant charge.
  • This principle may be applied to ammunition of a wide range of calibres and intended for diverse types of firearms, such as portable, automatic, semi-automatic, or artillery weapons.
  • FIG. 2 shows schematically the projectile of the invention in the chamber of a firearm, prior to firing.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross section along line III-III of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 4 is a view similar to that of FIG. 2 but immediately after the projectile has been fired.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross section along line V-V of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the projectile immediately after being fired showing the deformation of the rear peripheral flange.
  • the selfpropelling ballistic projectile shown in FIG. 1 comprises a single-piece body 1, preferably of cylindroogival shape, having an internal ogival or cylindroogival propellant cavity 2.
  • the propellant cavity is closed at the rear end of the body by priming means 3 which could be of the central fire or ring fire type.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross section through line V-V of FIG.
  • the propellant cavity contains a propellant charge 5 4 showing schematically the deformation or extrusion which may consist of common gun powder. suffered by the projectile while traversing the bore.
  • the projectile body 1 has, at its rear terminal end, an reference numeral 12 indicates the clearance between outer peripheral flange 6 formed integrally with the the bore and the projectile. projectile body and extending substantially at right an- The remnants of the primer 3 are expelled. together gles with respect to the longitudinal axis of the projecwith the projectile through the barrel. To accomplish tile.
  • the outer diameter of the flange 6 is larger than this, several primer designs are possible and it is not the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion of the proconsidered necessary to discuss them in detail. It will be jectile body.
  • the diameter and thickness of the flange l5 apparent to those expert in the art, that the priming 6 depend on the calibre of the projectile. means may be located at either end of the propellant In FIG.
  • the projectile is shown in the chamber C of cavity. a firearm prior to firing.
  • the firearm barrel 7 has a se-
  • the projectile body is preferably made of a brass ries of parallel grooves 8 which spiral from the chamber alloy although other suitable metals could also be emend to the muzzle end of the barrel and define land porplayed. I tions 9 therebetween.
  • the performance of the self-propelling projectile of In the position shown in FIG. 2 the rear flange of the the invention was compared with conventional ammuprojectile abutts against shoulder means 10 provided in n n Qt: the same and different calibre. n h the chamber which hold it in place. As it may be best The -P P prolectlle tested had the followseen in FIG.
  • the outer diameter of the projectile g Characteflstlcsi body is equal or, preferably, slightly less than the inner diameter, across the lands, of the bore.
  • Calibre 9 mm As an example, a desirable clearance between a calied) 5 1; bre 9 pro ectile and the bore of the correspondmg fire- Propellant charge 330 mg arm is in the order of 0.006 mm.
  • FIG. 4 shows the projectile immediately after it has The results of the tests are indicated in the attached tabeen fired by percussion of the priming means 3 with ble. the percussion pin (not shown) of the firearm.
  • the muzzle velocity of the probest be seen in FIG. 6, the rear flange 6 of the projectile jectile of the invention was profound supersonic and subis deformed by the rifling and screws into the helical stantially higher than that of all the ammunition comgrooves of the bore. This produces the spinning of the pared.
  • An additional feature of the invention resides in the design of the propellant cavity 2.
  • the ogival or cylindro-ogival shape of the cavity permits a better utilizat tion of of the explosive energy developed in the projectile, and the use of a smaller propellant charge than would be required in conventional ammunition equivalent calibre.
  • a ballistic, self-propelling projectile adapted to be fired from a firearm having a helically grooved bore and capable of being totally expelled through said bore without leaving any residue in the firearm, said projectile comprising an expandable body of substantially cylindro-ogival shape, the maximum outer diameter of said body being equal to or slightly less than the diameter of said bore across the lands defined between said grooves, which body expands under pressure of firing and engages the lands of said bore, said body havinga propellant cavity therein, said propellant cavity being substantially ogival; priming means in said propellant cavity; and an outer, peripheral flange at the rear, terminal end of said body and integral therewith, the outer diameter of said rear peripheral flange being larger than the diameter of the bore across said lands, and serving as a stop for the projectile in the firearm chamber before firing, whereby, upon the projectile being fired and impelled through the bore, said rear peripheral flange is bit and deformed by the lands in the bore which in conjunction with expansion and

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
US00189905A 1970-10-19 1971-10-18 Self-propelling ballistic projectiles Expired - Lifetime US3815503A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AR23187770 1970-10-19

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3815503A true US3815503A (en) 1974-06-11

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US00189905A Expired - Lifetime US3815503A (en) 1970-10-19 1971-10-18 Self-propelling ballistic projectiles

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3815503A (Direct)
BE (1) BE774120A (Direct)
BR (1) BR7106937D0 (Direct)
CA (1) CA958945A (Direct)
DE (1) DE2151607A1 (Direct)
ES (1) ES200863Y (Direct)
FR (1) FR2111531A5 (Direct)
GB (1) GB1373405A (Direct)
IL (1) IL37938A (Direct)
NL (1) NL7114356A (Direct)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4640195A (en) * 1983-12-27 1987-02-03 General Defense Corporation Rocket launching cartridge case and assembly
WO1995029376A1 (en) * 1994-04-26 1995-11-02 General Dynamics Land Systems, Inc. Electrical power feed assembly for electrothermal gun and cartridge
US5737863A (en) * 1993-11-18 1998-04-14 Rainey, Iii; William F. Muzzle loading firearm projectile
AU715634B2 (en) * 1994-04-26 2000-02-10 General Dynamics Land Systems, Inc. Electrical power feed assembly for electrothermal gun and cartridge
US6581522B1 (en) * 1993-02-18 2003-06-24 Gerald J. Julien Projectile
WO2005095884A1 (en) * 2004-04-02 2005-10-13 Techventure Investments Pty Ltd A projectile
US20070144393A1 (en) * 2005-12-22 2007-06-28 Maximillian Kusz Caseless ammunition with internal propellant
US20100024272A1 (en) * 2005-12-21 2010-02-04 Thompson Center Arms Company Inc. Muzzle loading rifle with removable breech plug
US7921780B2 (en) 2004-04-02 2011-04-12 Techventure Investments Pty Ltd Projectile
US20120192473A1 (en) * 2006-01-17 2012-08-02 Laney Mark C Muzzleloading rifle with breech plug having gas seal facility
US20130233194A1 (en) * 2010-09-22 2013-09-12 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepastnatuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno Explosive cutting
CN104329998A (zh) * 2014-09-10 2015-02-04 陕西科技大学 整体式无壳弹枪系统
US9429406B2 (en) * 2013-07-31 2016-08-30 Techventure Investments Pty Ltd Projectile body and corresponding ammunition round for small arms or a light firearm
US10890420B1 (en) * 2019-07-22 2021-01-12 Murray F Feller Bullet for an electrically ignited firearm
US11204225B2 (en) * 2017-05-15 2021-12-21 Georgii Georgiiovych Makarov Caseless ammunition for a firearm and mechanism for extracting caseless ammunition

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4213393A (en) 1977-07-15 1980-07-22 Gunners Nils Erik Gun projectile arranged with a base drag reducing system
GB2338283A (en) * 1998-06-11 1999-12-15 Kong Chan A cartridge
US10677574B2 (en) * 2016-05-03 2020-06-09 Dimosthenis Panousakis Self contained internal chamber for a projectile

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US750623A (en) * 1904-01-26 So model
US1191357A (en) * 1915-08-09 1916-07-18 Parke T Snyder Cartridge-projectile.
US1446711A (en) * 1921-05-13 1923-02-27 Ludorf Ernst Projectile for firearms
US1468822A (en) * 1920-08-06 1923-09-25 Firm Pilum A G Projectile and means to fire the same
US1481872A (en) * 1923-05-24 1924-01-29 Charles H Miller Projectili
US2424934A (en) * 1944-11-17 1947-07-29 Melvin E Kasper Projectile
US3398684A (en) * 1966-06-28 1968-08-27 United Shoe Machinery Corp Caseless cartridges

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US750623A (en) * 1904-01-26 So model
US1191357A (en) * 1915-08-09 1916-07-18 Parke T Snyder Cartridge-projectile.
US1468822A (en) * 1920-08-06 1923-09-25 Firm Pilum A G Projectile and means to fire the same
US1446711A (en) * 1921-05-13 1923-02-27 Ludorf Ernst Projectile for firearms
US1481872A (en) * 1923-05-24 1924-01-29 Charles H Miller Projectili
US2424934A (en) * 1944-11-17 1947-07-29 Melvin E Kasper Projectile
US3398684A (en) * 1966-06-28 1968-08-27 United Shoe Machinery Corp Caseless cartridges

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4640195A (en) * 1983-12-27 1987-02-03 General Defense Corporation Rocket launching cartridge case and assembly
US6581522B1 (en) * 1993-02-18 2003-06-24 Gerald J. Julien Projectile
US5737863A (en) * 1993-11-18 1998-04-14 Rainey, Iii; William F. Muzzle loading firearm projectile
WO1995029376A1 (en) * 1994-04-26 1995-11-02 General Dynamics Land Systems, Inc. Electrical power feed assembly for electrothermal gun and cartridge
AU691269B2 (en) * 1994-04-26 1998-05-14 General Dynamics Land Systems, Inc. Electrical power feed assembly for electrothermal gun and cartridge
AU715634B2 (en) * 1994-04-26 2000-02-10 General Dynamics Land Systems, Inc. Electrical power feed assembly for electrothermal gun and cartridge
EP1186849A3 (en) * 1994-04-26 2003-02-12 General Dynamics Armament and Technical Products, Inc Electrical power feed assembly for electrothermal gun and cartridge
US20110192309A1 (en) * 2004-04-02 2011-08-11 Leslie Mervyn Harrison Projectile
WO2005095884A1 (en) * 2004-04-02 2005-10-13 Techventure Investments Pty Ltd A projectile
US8474380B2 (en) * 2004-04-02 2013-07-02 Techventure Investments Pty Ltd Projectile
US7448325B2 (en) 2004-04-02 2008-11-11 Techventure Investments Pty. Ltd. Projectile
US7921780B2 (en) 2004-04-02 2011-04-12 Techventure Investments Pty Ltd Projectile
US8261478B2 (en) 2005-12-21 2012-09-11 Smith & Wesson Corp. Muzzle loading rifle with removable breech plug
US8671607B2 (en) 2005-12-21 2014-03-18 Smith & Wesson Corp. Breech plug
US20100024272A1 (en) * 2005-12-21 2010-02-04 Thompson Center Arms Company Inc. Muzzle loading rifle with removable breech plug
US8499481B2 (en) 2005-12-21 2013-08-06 Smith & Wesson Corp. Breech plug
US20070144393A1 (en) * 2005-12-22 2007-06-28 Maximillian Kusz Caseless ammunition with internal propellant
US8397413B2 (en) * 2006-01-17 2013-03-19 Smith & Wesson Corp. Muzzleloading rifle with breech plug having gas seal facility
US20120192473A1 (en) * 2006-01-17 2012-08-02 Laney Mark C Muzzleloading rifle with breech plug having gas seal facility
US9163914B2 (en) * 2010-09-22 2015-10-20 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappeluk Onderzoek Tno Explosive cutting
US20130233194A1 (en) * 2010-09-22 2013-09-12 Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepastnatuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno Explosive cutting
US9429406B2 (en) * 2013-07-31 2016-08-30 Techventure Investments Pty Ltd Projectile body and corresponding ammunition round for small arms or a light firearm
USRE47187E1 (en) * 2013-07-31 2019-01-01 Techventure Investments Pty Ltd Projectile body and corresponding ammunition round for small arms or a light firearm
CN104329998A (zh) * 2014-09-10 2015-02-04 陕西科技大学 整体式无壳弹枪系统
CN104329998B (zh) * 2014-09-10 2016-04-06 陕西科技大学 整体式无壳弹枪系统
US11204225B2 (en) * 2017-05-15 2021-12-21 Georgii Georgiiovych Makarov Caseless ammunition for a firearm and mechanism for extracting caseless ammunition
US20220113122A1 (en) * 2017-05-15 2022-04-14 Georgii Georgiiovych Makarov Caseless ammunition for firearm and the mechanism for the extraction of caseless ammunition
US11629941B2 (en) * 2017-05-15 2023-04-18 Georgii Georgiiovych Makarov Caseless ammunition for firearm and the mechanism for the extraction of caseless ammunition
US10890420B1 (en) * 2019-07-22 2021-01-12 Murray F Feller Bullet for an electrically ignited firearm

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2111531A5 (Direct) 1972-06-02
ES200863Y (es) 1976-02-16
BE774120A (fr) 1972-02-14
ES200863U (es) 1975-11-01
GB1373405A (en) 1974-11-13
BR7106937D0 (pt) 1973-05-10
IL37938A0 (en) 1971-12-29
NL7114356A (Direct) 1972-04-21
CA958945A (en) 1974-12-10
IL37938A (en) 1975-08-31
DE2151607A1 (de) 1972-04-20

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