US3813879A - After-burner for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

After-burner for an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3813879A
US3813879A US00270837A US27083772A US3813879A US 3813879 A US3813879 A US 3813879A US 00270837 A US00270837 A US 00270837A US 27083772 A US27083772 A US 27083772A US 3813879 A US3813879 A US 3813879A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
chamber
burner
fuel
inlet pipe
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00270837A
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English (en)
Inventor
T Inoue
M Yamada
S Yamaguchi
K Nakanishi
Y Tanasawa
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Toyota Motor Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Toyota Motor Corp filed Critical Toyota Motor Corp
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Publication of US3813879A publication Critical patent/US3813879A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/26—Construction of thermal reactors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/38—Arrangements for igniting

Definitions

  • Mosher 5 '7 ABSTRACT An after-burner for an internal combustion engine having a cylindrical recombustion chamber, an air inlet pipe connected to the cylindrical chamber for tangentially introducing air, a fuel inlet pipe connected to the cylindrical chamber at a port disposed in a first end of the cylindrical chamber, an ignition plug disposed in the first end for igniting the mixture of fuel and air, an exhaust gas inlet pipe connected to the cylindrical chamber for tangentially introducing exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine, and an outlet pipe connected to the cylindrical chamber at a port disposed in the second end of the cylindrical chamber coaxially to the cylindrical chamber for discharging gases from the cylindrical chamber.
  • This invention is directed to an after-burner for purifying exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine. More particularly, it relates to an after-burner in which combustible components in the exhaust gases are ignited and combusted by a rotary, annular flame helically defining an elongated hollow cylinder.
  • a conventional after-burner in general, uses a spark produced by an ignition plug for ignition and combustion of unburned and incompletely burned components in the exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine.
  • an ignition plug By means of an ignition plug, however, the thermal energy of the spark is often not sufficiently high to ignite the exhaust gases once, and the spark cannot be produced continuously, thus causing misfires or blowouts of the flame. Accordingly, it is diflicult to burn completely the unburned and incompletely burned components. In order to ensure combustion of the exhaust gases, it is desirabie to produce sparks repeatedly.
  • a vortex type combustion chamber produces a stable rotary columnar flame which has a high thermal energy.
  • a rotary columnar flame is produced in the devices described in U. S. Pat. application (Ser. No. 1 16,028; filed on Feb. 17, 1971) which comprises a vortex combustion chamber for producing a rotary columnar flame and a separate recombustion chamber connected to the vortex combustion chamber for recombusting exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine.
  • the prior after-burner is explained in more detail in conjunction with the drawings in this application.
  • an after-burner comprises a vortex combustion chamber 1, and a separate exhaust gas combustion chamber 8.
  • Vortex chamber ii further comprises an air inlet pipe 2. connected thereto for tangentially introducing air therein, and a fuel inlet pipe 3 connected thereto at a port disposed in one end thereof.
  • An evaporator is disposed in the same end,
  • the separate exhaust gas combustion chamber comprises an exhaust gas inlet pipe 9 connected thereto for introducing the exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine, and a combustion gas outlet pipe 10 radially connected for discharging gases.
  • Chambers 1 and 8 are separated by a partition wall 6 and connected to each other through an inlet port 7 disposed in partition wall 6 along the axis of both chambers.
  • Fuel supplied into vortex combustion chamber through fuel inlet pipe 3 is converted into the gaseous state by evaporator 4 and mixed with air tengentially introduced into vortex combustion chamber 1 through air inlet pipe 2.
  • the mixture of fuel and air is ignited by a spark produced by ignition plug 5, and burns so that the flame produced moves in rotating columnar form around the axis of vortex combustion chamber 1. Accordingly, a rotary annular flame is produced and it is injected into exhaust gas combustion chamber 8 through inlet port 7.
  • Combustible components of the exhaust gases such as carbon monoxide, unburned hydro-carbons and the like, are instantly ignited and burned by the rotary annular flame, and burned gases are discharged from combustion chamber 8 through outlet pipe 10.
  • the present invitation obviates the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art and improves the performance significantly. Specially, it can keep a flame stable without any sort of flame stabilizing equipment and the temperature of a wall of the after-burner low.
  • An object of this invention is to provide an afterburner for an internal combustion engine which will readily and surely ignite unburned components and incompletely burned products in exhaust gases, obtain a stable flame therein and thereby remarkably purify the exhaust gases.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide an afterburner which has a longer life than the prior art afterburners.
  • FIG. I is a schematic sectional view of one embodiment of a prior art after-burner
  • FIG. 2 is a left side view of the after-burner in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of an afterburner for an internal combustion engine comprising one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a left end view of the after-burner in FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view of an afterburner for an internal combustion engine comprising another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a left end of the after-burner in FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional view of an afterburner for an internal combustion engine comprising another embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a left end view of the after-burner in FIG. 9.
  • FIGS. 4-6 show an embodiment of this invention, wherein the same reference numbers indicate substantially the same elements as in FIGS. 1-3.
  • a recombustion chamber Ili comprises exhaust inlet pipe 9 for tangentially introducing exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine.
  • An outlet pipe it) is connected to recombustion chamber if at an outlet port H which is coaxially disposed in the center of the exit end of chamber M.
  • the evaporator 4 is comprised of a porous refractory substance.
  • fuel is supplied to recombustion chamber ill through fuel inlet pipe 3 and evaporator 4 by a fuel pump (not shown) which is operated by the engine.
  • the fuel is mixed with air tangentially introduced through air inlet pipe 2, and the mixture of fuel and air is ignited by a spark produced by ignition plug 5.
  • evaporator 4! is heated by the flame created in recombustion chamber 1!, and fuel is thereby immediately evaporated while it flows through evaporator 41, for facilitating ignition of the mixture of fuel and air.
  • outlet port 113 is disposed coaxially in the center of the other end of recombustion chamber Ill, and air is introduced tangentially, so that a forced vortex domain is created around the axis of recombustion chamber El and a free vortex domain is created around the forced vortex domain. Both vortex domains are very stable. A combustion flame is held along a boundary surface between the forced vortex domain and the free vortex domain. A stable rotary annular flame is thereby produced in recombustion chamber II. Meanwhile, through exhaust inlet pipe 9, exhaust gases from the engine are introduced tangentially to recombustion chamber II. This promotes a rotary motion of the forces vortex and the free vortex and makes the rotary columnar flame stronger and more stable.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 which show another embodiment of this invention, the same reference numbers indicate substantially the same elements as in FIGS. 1- 6, and
  • the structure is similar to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 4-6, except that this embodiment has another chamber connected to recombustion chamber i1 through outlet port 13, and outlet pipe 10 is radially connected to another chamber.
  • an exhaust pipe (not shown) may be connected radially with recombustion chamber It.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 which show another embodiment of this invention, the same reference numbers indicate substantially the same elements as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, and the structure is similar to the second embodiment shown in H08. 7 and 8, except that this embodiment has four exhaust gas inlet pipes 9 which may be connected to the port of each cylinder of an engine (not shown).
  • a feature of this invention based on a stable rotary columnar flame, which has a large heat energy is to provide an after-burner for an internal combustion engine which may easily ignite exhaust gases, even if there are large variances of the input quantity of the exhaust gases.
  • Another feature of this invention is to provide an after-burner for an internal combustion engine which increases the chances for exhaust gases from an engine to contact a flame as a heat source and then to burn completely uncombusted components and incompletely combusted products in the exhaust gases.
  • Another feature of this invention is to provide an after-burner for an internal combustion engine which warms up an exhaust system as a whole.
  • a still further feature of this invention is to provide an after-burner for an internal combustion engine which minimizes the temperature of the outer shells of the after-burner.
  • An after-burner for an internal combustion engine comprising:
  • a first air inlet pipe connected to said chamber for tengentially introducing air
  • a second gas inlet pipe connected to said chamber for tangentially introducing an exhaust gas from an engine into said chamber
  • a sidewall of said chamber includes an air inlet port at which said air inlet pipe is connected to said chamber.
  • the after-burner of claim 1 further comprising a chamber connected thereto through said outlet port, said latter chamber having an outlet pipe radially connected to said latter chamber.
  • said after" burner further comprises plural exhaust gas inlet pipes connected to said recombustion chamber.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
US00270837A 1971-09-10 1972-07-11 After-burner for an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime US3813879A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP46070104A JPS5216165B2 (de) 1971-09-10 1971-09-10

Publications (1)

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US3813879A true US3813879A (en) 1974-06-04

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JP (1) JPS5216165B2 (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3893810A (en) * 1972-12-18 1975-07-08 La Clede Lientz Flare stack burner for odor and pollutant elimination
US3949054A (en) * 1973-04-27 1976-04-06 Svend Borge Johansen Method of combustion of gaseous fuels and flue gases
FR2731746A1 (fr) * 1995-03-17 1996-09-20 Renault Dispositif d'echappement pour moteur a combustion
US20050109019A1 (en) * 2003-11-20 2005-05-26 Walter Blaschke Exhaust gas treatment system for an internal combustion engine, particularly diesel engine, and method of operating an exhaust gas treatment system for an internal combustion engine
US20090288583A1 (en) * 2006-01-26 2009-11-26 General System Co., Ltd. Low oxygen vortex burner
US20100018193A1 (en) * 2008-07-24 2010-01-28 Carr Edward Vortex-enhanced exhaust manifold
US20100099052A1 (en) * 2002-08-09 2010-04-22 Jfe Steel Corporation Tubular flame burner and combustion control method
US20130098008A1 (en) * 2010-06-21 2013-04-25 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Exhaust gas heating apparatus

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS519662B2 (de) * 1971-10-01 1976-03-29
JPS6166447U (de) * 1984-10-09 1986-05-07

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3066755A (en) * 1960-04-21 1962-12-04 Diehl William Carl Muffler with spiral partition
US3228185A (en) * 1961-10-05 1966-01-11 Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc Thermal exhaust gas afterburners for automobiles
US3311456A (en) * 1963-03-21 1967-03-28 Universal Oil Prod Co Apparatus for incinerating a waste gas stream
US3484189A (en) * 1966-07-14 1969-12-16 Universal Oil Prod Co Method and means for thermal incineration of a contaminated air stream
US3488723A (en) * 1966-07-05 1970-01-06 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Acoustical material for high temperature application

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3066755A (en) * 1960-04-21 1962-12-04 Diehl William Carl Muffler with spiral partition
US3228185A (en) * 1961-10-05 1966-01-11 Socony Mobil Oil Co Inc Thermal exhaust gas afterburners for automobiles
US3311456A (en) * 1963-03-21 1967-03-28 Universal Oil Prod Co Apparatus for incinerating a waste gas stream
US3488723A (en) * 1966-07-05 1970-01-06 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Acoustical material for high temperature application
US3484189A (en) * 1966-07-14 1969-12-16 Universal Oil Prod Co Method and means for thermal incineration of a contaminated air stream

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3893810A (en) * 1972-12-18 1975-07-08 La Clede Lientz Flare stack burner for odor and pollutant elimination
US3949054A (en) * 1973-04-27 1976-04-06 Svend Borge Johansen Method of combustion of gaseous fuels and flue gases
FR2731746A1 (fr) * 1995-03-17 1996-09-20 Renault Dispositif d'echappement pour moteur a combustion
US20100099052A1 (en) * 2002-08-09 2010-04-22 Jfe Steel Corporation Tubular flame burner and combustion control method
US20100104991A1 (en) * 2002-08-09 2010-04-29 Jfe Steel Corporation Tubular flame burner
US8944809B2 (en) 2002-08-09 2015-02-03 Jfe Steel Corporation Tubular flame burner and combustion control method
US20050109019A1 (en) * 2003-11-20 2005-05-26 Walter Blaschke Exhaust gas treatment system for an internal combustion engine, particularly diesel engine, and method of operating an exhaust gas treatment system for an internal combustion engine
US7150146B2 (en) * 2003-11-20 2006-12-19 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Method of operating an exhaust gas treatment system for an internal combustion engine
US20090288583A1 (en) * 2006-01-26 2009-11-26 General System Co., Ltd. Low oxygen vortex burner
US20100018193A1 (en) * 2008-07-24 2010-01-28 Carr Edward Vortex-enhanced exhaust manifold
US20130098008A1 (en) * 2010-06-21 2013-04-25 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Exhaust gas heating apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5216165B2 (de) 1977-05-07
JPS4835224A (de) 1973-05-24

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