US3809379A - Installation for the treatment and movement of liquid metals - Google Patents

Installation for the treatment and movement of liquid metals Download PDF

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US3809379A
US3809379A US00266800A US26680072A US3809379A US 3809379 A US3809379 A US 3809379A US 00266800 A US00266800 A US 00266800A US 26680072 A US26680072 A US 26680072A US 3809379 A US3809379 A US 3809379A
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metal
liquid metal
smelter
installation according
electromagnetic pump
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US00266800A
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H Carbonnel
Frere J Le
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Alsacienne Atom
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Alsacienne Atom
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Priority claimed from FR7014468A external-priority patent/FR2085436A1/en
Priority claimed from FR7112355A external-priority patent/FR2132534B2/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/04—Refining by applying a vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D35/00—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals

Definitions

  • Electromagnetic 9r 266/34 A, 34 T3 34 V ilar pumps areuscd for moving the liquid from the smelter to the ladle, degassing furnace and work sta- [56] References Cited tion. This installation is particularly useful for treating UNITED STATES PATENTS and moving aluminum, zinc and magnesium. 2,587,793 10 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures 3/1952 waldronm 266/34 .V
  • This invention relates to an installation for the treatment and movement of liquid metals for casting purposes or the like.
  • the liquid metal is moved from the smelter to the holding ladle by gravity and this kind of operation requires either that the smelters be tipped or that the various work stations involved be located on different levels.
  • Such an operation necessarily makes for a limited flow rate and this leads to appreciable loss of time and involves heavy investments.
  • This invention makes it possible to remedy these inconveniences and its object is an automatic installation for the treatment and movement of liquid metals prior to their casting, which will make it possible to solve the above mentioned technical problems and restrictions, while-offering great flexibility in operation and high reliability.
  • the liquid metal treatment and movement installation of the present invention involves several stations arranged in succession, one after the other, and inranged on the same horizontal plane, and, on the other hand, by the fact that the treatment means are incorporated in the movement means.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a liquid metal treatment and movement installation according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a variation of the installation according to the invention.
  • a liquid metal treatment and movement installation includes, in succession, a smelter 1, a furnace or ladle 2 for keeping the liquid metal in the smelted state, and a vacuum degassing furnace 3.
  • Smelter l is of the fixed, non-tipping type and continuously receives metal in the solid state, for example, in the form of chips 4 through a spout 5 which empties into an inclined portion 6 of the smelter.
  • This kind of fusion or smelting makes it possible to reduce the ignition loss while guaranteeing, on the one hand, the rapid burying of the solid metal and, on the other hand, the energetic stirring of the metal bath in fusion by means of pump 7. This further leads to the accelerated smelting of the metal, as well as to a reduction in the time during which the metal is exposed to the oxiding action of the atmosphere.
  • FIG. 2 shows a device in which the smelter acts at the same time as a treatment furnace.
  • An external electromagnetic pump 7 pumps the liquid metal and pours liquid metal over the chips 4. This pump is arranged outside the liquid metal each time the latter melts only at a very high temperature.
  • An electromagnetic treatment pump 12' receiving a gaseous current 15' injects the liquid metal into a bottomless casting 16'.
  • the liquid metal 8 from smelter l ismoved continuously toward furnace of holding ladle 2 by means of an electromagnetic pump 9 which makes it possible advantageously to insure a constant as well as a high flow rate, which cannot be accomplished by using the conume, sothat the liquid metal will permanently remain at an essentially constant temperature.
  • the liquid metal moved along by pump is then degassed in furnace 3 which is linked to a vacuum pump 11.
  • the furnace 3 involves an immersed electromagnetic pump 12 which insures the beneficial stirring of the liquid metal-bath 8, which leads to an increase in the degassing speed.
  • an electromagnetic pump 13 moves the liquid metal toward the work station and especially the casting stations, the pump 13 advantageously making it possible to obtain a predetermined quantity of liquid metal at a variable and easily programmed flow rate established by device 21.
  • vacuum pump 11 can be eliminated; in such a case, the degassing of the liquid metal is replaced by treatment with a gas such as nitrogen orchlorine or by a neutral gas injected by duct 15 into the liquid metal inside pump 12 or into pump 9 through pipe 20.
  • the gas and the liquid metal are reinjected by the pump below the level of the liquid metal into a bottomless casing 16.
  • the treatment gas moves along the slag l7 and the gases that are occluded in the upper portion of the casing, and the purified liquid metal is then gathered in its lower portion without any contact with the atmosphere of the furnace.
  • the metal can undergo a double treatment, simultaneously by the pump 12' and the pump 7'.
  • the installation involved in this invention may be used in all cases where the treatment and movement of liquid metal must be accomplished in an automatic fashion and at a predetermined flow rate.
  • metals such as aluminum, zinc and magnesium.
  • evacuation pump 13 can, at the same time, have the same gas treatment function as pump 12 or, when furnaces l, 2 and 3 are replaced with a single furnace, the gas treatment function can be accomplished by a single pump such as pump 9.
  • a liquid metal treatment and movement installation involving several stations arranged in succession, including at least one metal smelter, one holding ladle for maintaining the metal in the liquid state, and one vacuum degassing furnace, the installation feeding at least one work station, the improvement wherein: said smelter, said ladle and said degassing furnace are located on the same horizontal plane such that the molten metal contents within said stations are at the same height, electromagnetic pumps couple respective stations for moving liquid metal therebetween and wherein at least one of said electromagnetic pumps fluid coupling respective stations further comprises means for. treating the liquid metal being pumped thereby.
  • the smelter comprises an electromagnetic pump which continuously sprays the smelted metal upon the solid metal being inserted into the smelter.

Abstract

An installation for the treatment and movement of liquid metals prior to casting, comprising, in succession, at least one metal smelter, involving an electromagnetic pump which forces back metal being smelted toward the solid metal inserted into the furnace; at least one ladle for keeping the metal in the liquid state, at least one degassing furnace, which supplies at least one work station and which involves an electromagnetic metal stirring pump. Electromagnetic or similar pumps are used for moving the liquid from the smelter to the ladle, degassing furnace and work station. This installation is particularly useful for treating and moving aluminum, zinc and magnesium.

Description

Carbonnel et a1. I
1 51 May 7, 1974 [5 INSTALLATION FOR THE TREATMENT 3,572,671 v 3/1971 Worner 266/34 v AND MOVEMENT OF LIQUID METALS 3,558,121 1/1971 Lenne.... 266/34 V 3,618,917 11/1971 Freg rilgspn. .1. .266/3.4 T Inventors: Henri Carbonnel, y; Jean-Paul 3,606,291 9/1971 Schneider: "Ts/49' Le Frere, Villejuif, both of France 2,224,982 12/1940 Morin 164/49 1 1 Assignee= (troupe-mm Atomique 418mm 313233352 3/132; 512123;;z;';1::::: ..::::::::::::522/333 Atlantique, Le Pless1s Robinson, France Primary Examiner-Gerald A. Dost [22] Filed: June 27, 1972 Attorney, Agent,'0r FirmSughrue, Rothwell, Mion, 21 Appl. No.: 266,800 Mapeak Related U.S. Application Data ABSTRACT [63] Continuation-impart of Ser. No. 136,078, April 21, v
1971, abandoned. An installation for the treatment and movement of liq- I uid metals prior to casting, comprising, in succession, [30] Foreign Application Priority Data at least one metal smelter, involving an electromag- Apr. 21, 1970 France 70.14468 "etic P which forces hack metal being Smehfid Apr. 7, 1971 France 71.12355 toward the Solid metal inserted into the furnace; at least one ladle for keeping the metal in the liquid 52 U.S. C1. 266/34 v, 75/49 State, at least one degassing furnace, which pp at [51] Int. Cl. .1 C21c 7/10 least one work station and which involves an electro' 58 Field Of Search 75/49; 164/49, 250; magnetic metal-Stirring Pump. Electromagnetic 9r 266/34 A, 34 T3 34 V ilar pumps areuscd for moving the liquid from the smelter to the ladle, degassing furnace and work sta- [56] References Cited tion. This installation is particularly useful for treating UNITED STATES PATENTS and moving aluminum, zinc and magnesium. 2,587,793 10 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures 3/1952 waldronm 266/34 .V
A l I O0 1 l This is a continuation in part of U.S. application Ser. No. 136,078 filed Apr. 21, 1971, and now abandoned.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to an installation for the treatment and movement of liquid metals for casting purposes or the like.
In the field of metallurgy, e. g., metals such as aluminum, zinc, or the like,'a certain number of problems and technical restrictions come up in the various phases through which the solid metal is brought to its utilization in the liquid state, for example, for casting purposes. Urgent considerations of cost and output, in particular, create the need for over coming these hazards as best possible.
In particular, attempts are made to reduce to a minimum the ignition losses resulting from the smelting of the raw material coming in the form of ingots or waste, such as chips, shavings, droppings, or others.
Also, such materials must be smelted within a minimum period of time unless one wishes to limit the hourly casting rate and thus increase the period of depreciation of the equipment and particularly of the smelting furnace.
Furthermore, the movement of the liquid metal from the smelter to a furnace or a holding ladle must likewise be accomplished as quickly as possible, in other words, at a rather high flow rate.
On the other hand, it is also necessary to degas and rapidly purify the metal in an installation in a vacuum or through treatment with a gas such'as nitrogen or chlorine, in order to produce a good metal which will not have any impurities and which will then be moved on finally to work stations consisting particularly of continuous or semicontinuous casting installations or even casting ladles or foundry molds.
Installations used so far entail a certain number of inconveniences.
In particular, the liquid metal is moved from the smelter to the holding ladle by gravity and this kind of operation requires either that the smelters be tipped or that the various work stations involved be located on different levels. Such an operation necessarily makes for a limited flow rate and this leads to appreciable loss of time and involves heavy investments.
Since the smelted metal supply for the work stations is accomplished by gravity in the manner indicated above, the metal flow rate is thus regulated either manually or by using compressed air. It follows from this that such installations require a large work force which leads to a major increase in the cost of cast ingots.
- SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION This invention makes it possible to remedy these inconveniences and its object is an automatic installation for the treatment and movement of liquid metals prior to their casting, which will make it possible to solve the above mentioned technical problems and restrictions, while-offering great flexibility in operation and high reliability.
The liquid metal treatment and movement installation of the present invention involves several stations arranged in succession, one after the other, and inranged on the same horizontal plane, and, on the other hand, by the fact that the treatment means are incorporated in the movement means.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION- or THE DRAWINGS Other features and advantages of the invention will emerge from the following description given here purely by way of illustration and without any limitations, referring to the attached drawing where:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a liquid metal treatment and movement installation according to the invention, and
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a variation of the installation according to the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS According to FIG. 1, a liquid metal treatment and movement installation includes, in succession, a smelter 1, a furnace or ladle 2 for keeping the liquid metal in the smelted state, and a vacuum degassing furnace 3.
Smelter l is of the fixed, non-tipping type and continuously receives metal in the solid state, for example, in the form of chips 4 through a spout 5 which empties into an inclined portion 6 of the smelter. F urthermore', an electromagnetic pump 7, immersed in the smelted metal 8, continuously forces liquid metal back into contact with the chips 4, thus guaranteeing their continuous smelting, while the liquid metal resulting from this flows along the inclined plane 6.
This kind of fusion or smelting makes it possible to reduce the ignition loss while guaranteeing, on the one hand, the rapid burying of the solid metal and, on the other hand, the energetic stirring of the metal bath in fusion by means of pump 7. This further leads to the accelerated smelting of the metal, as well as to a reduction in the time during which the metal is exposed to the oxiding action of the atmosphere. One can advantageously permanently leave in smelter 1 a certain quantity of liquid metal which-constitutes a heat-steadying factor and thus promotes smelting.
FIG. 2 shows a device in which the smelter acts at the same time as a treatment furnace.
An external electromagnetic pump 7 pumps the liquid metal and pours liquid metal over the chips 4. This pump is arranged outside the liquid metal each time the latter melts only at a very high temperature.
An electromagnetic treatment pump 12' receiving a gaseous current 15' injects the liquid metal into a bottomless casting 16'.
As in the case of the pump 7 because of the high melting point of the liquid metal, it can be necessary to install the pump 12 outside.
The liquid metal 8 from smelter l ismoved continuously toward furnace of holding ladle 2 by means of an electromagnetic pump 9 which makes it possible advantageously to insure a constant as well as a high flow rate, which cannot be accomplished by using the conume, sothat the liquid metal will permanently remain at an essentially constant temperature.
The liquid metal moved along by pump is then degassed in furnace 3 which is linked to a vacuum pump 11. The furnace 3 involves an immersed electromagnetic pump 12 which insures the beneficial stirring of the liquid metal-bath 8, which leads to an increase in the degassing speed. Finally, an electromagnetic pump 13 moves the liquid metal toward the work station and especially the casting stations, the pump 13 advantageously making it possible to obtain a predetermined quantity of liquid metal at a variable and easily programmed flow rate established by device 21.
It must be noted that, in certain cases, vacuum pump 11 can be eliminated; in such a case, the degassing of the liquid metal is replaced by treatment with a gas such as nitrogen orchlorine or by a neutral gas injected by duct 15 into the liquid metal inside pump 12 or into pump 9 through pipe 20. v
In this latter case, the gas and the liquid metal are reinjected by the pump below the level of the liquid metal into a bottomless casing 16. The treatment gas moves along the slag l7 and the gases that are occluded in the upper portion of the casing, and the purified liquid metal is then gathered in its lower portion without any contact with the atmosphere of the furnace.
It should also be noted that, in certain cases, it willbe advantageous to combine holding ladle 2 and degassingfurnace 3 into a single furnace.
' It should likewise be noted that it may be advantageous in certain cases to combine smelting furnace 1 holding ladle 2, and degassing furnace 3, into a single furnace.
In the case of FIG. 2, the metal can undergo a double treatment, simultaneously by the pump 12' and the pump 7'. v
' In a device according to FIG. 2, it can be a great advantage not to provide the holding ladle, the furnace alone insuring simultaneously the functions fulfilled by the volumes 1, 2 and 3 of FIG. 1.
It is also noted that, in such an installation, the metal 'is permanently protected from the air, which limits its oxidation, on the one hand, and the possible absorption of gas, on the other hand.
This advantage is guaranteed especially as a result of the use of pumps of the electromagnetic type which make it possible to move the liquids in entirely sealed circuits and which therefore are very tightly sealed.
The installation involved in this invention may be used in all cases where the treatment and movement of liquid metal must be accomplished in an automatic fashion and at a predetermined flow rate.
In particular, it is advantageously employed especially with metals such as aluminum, zinc and magnesium.
Although the device just described seems to be the most advantageous for the employment of the invention in a particular industrial situation, it will be understood that variousmodifications may be made in it without going beyond its framework, that some of its elements can be replaced with others that can perform the same technical function, for example, evacuation pump 13 can, at the same time, have the same gas treatment function as pump 12 or, when furnaces l, 2 and 3 are replaced with a single furnace, the gas treatment function can be accomplished by a single pump such as pump 9.
What is calimed is:
1. In a liquid metal treatment and movement installation involving several stations arranged in succession, including at least one metal smelter, one holding ladle for maintaining the metal in the liquid state, and one vacuum degassing furnace, the installation feeding at least one work station, the improvement wherein: said smelter, said ladle and said degassing furnace are located on the same horizontal plane such that the molten metal contents within said stations are at the same height, electromagnetic pumps couple respective stations for moving liquid metal therebetween and wherein at least one of said electromagnetic pumps fluid coupling respective stations further comprises means for. treating the liquid metal being pumped thereby.
2. Installation according to claim 1, wherein the smelter comprises an electromagnetic pump which continuously sprays the smelted metal upon the solid metal being inserted into the smelter.
3. Installation according to claim 2, wherein said electromagnetic pump is immersed in said smelted metal.
4. Installation according to claim 2, wherein said electromagnetic pump is arranged outside' of said I smelter.
mined by the desired level of the metal in said ladle.
6. Installation according to claim 1, wherein said degassing furnace involves an immersed electromagnetic pump which stirs the liquid metal.
7. Installation according to claim 1, wherein said'degassing furnace involves an'external electromagnetic pump which stirs the liquid metal.
8. Installation according to claim 6, wherein said immersed electromagnetic pump simultaneously per forms a stirring function and treats the liquid metal to gasses such as chlorine or nitrogen or a neutral gas.
9. Installation according to claim 5, wherein the electromagnetic pumpwhich moves the liquid metal from the smelter to the holding ladle at the same time treats the liquid metal to gasses such as chlorine or nitrogen or a neutral gas.
l0.'lnstallation according to claim 1 further comprising program means for controlling flow through the electromagnetic pump, which moves the liquid metal from the degassing furnace to the working station.

Claims (9)

  1. 2. Installation according to claim 1, wherein the smelter comprises an electromagnetic pump which continuously sprays the smelted metal upon the solid metal being inserted into the smelter.
  2. 3. Installation according to claim 2, wherein said electromagnetic pump is immersed in said smelted metal.
  3. 4. Installation according to claim 2, wherein said electromagnetic pump is arranged outside of said smelter.
  4. 5. Installation according to claim 1, wherein the flow rate of the electromagnetic pump that moves the liquid metal from the smelter to the holding ladle is determined by the desired level of the metal in said ladle.
  5. 6. Installation according to claim 1, wherein said degassing furnace involves an immersed electromagnetic pump which stirs the liquid metal.
  6. 7. Installation according to claim 1, wherein said degassing furnace involves an external electromagnetic pump which stirs the liquid metal.
  7. 8. Installation according to claim 6, wherein said immersed electromagnetic pump simultaneously performs a stirring function and treats the liquid metal to gasses such as chlorine or nitrogen or a neutral gas.
  8. 9. Installation according to claim 5, wherein the electromagnetic pump which moves the liquid metal from the smelter to the holding ladle at the same time treats the liquid metal to gasses such as chlorine or nitrogen or a neutral gas.
  9. 10. Installation according to claim 1 further comprising program means for controlling flow through the electromagnetic pump, which moves the liquid metal from the degassing furnace to the working station.
US00266800A 1970-04-21 1972-06-27 Installation for the treatment and movement of liquid metals Expired - Lifetime US3809379A (en)

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Applications Claiming Priority (4)

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FR7014468A FR2085436A1 (en) 1970-04-21 1970-04-21 Multi-chamber furnace installation for melting, refining - and casting metals
FR7112355A FR2132534B2 (en) 1971-04-07 1971-04-07
US13607871A 1971-04-21 1971-04-21
US00266800A US3809379A (en) 1970-04-21 1972-06-27 Installation for the treatment and movement of liquid metals

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4627601A (en) * 1984-06-22 1986-12-09 Irsid Installation for the production of steel by pre-smelting of pig iron
DE3935014A1 (en) * 1989-10-20 1991-04-25 Pfeiffer Vakuumtechnik MULTI-CHAMBER VACUUM SYSTEM
US5585067A (en) * 1994-04-11 1996-12-17 Aluminium Pechiney Aluminum alloys containing very finely dispersed bismuth, cadmium, indium and/or lead and a process for obtaining them
US6585797B2 (en) 2001-01-25 2003-07-01 Alcoa Inc. Recirculating molten metal supply system and method
US20080202644A1 (en) * 2007-02-23 2008-08-28 Alotech Ltd. Llc Quiescent transfer of melts
US20100116453A1 (en) * 2007-02-23 2010-05-13 Grassi John R Integrated quiescent processing of melts
US20160338658A1 (en) * 2014-01-28 2016-11-24 Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Heat Transfer Device, X-Ray Detecting Apparatus and X-Ray Imaging Equipment

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2224982A (en) * 1939-03-10 1940-12-17 Whitehall Patents Corp Method of die casting by electrical induction
US2587793A (en) * 1949-04-05 1952-03-04 Waldron Frederic Barnes Manufacture of steel
US3343828A (en) * 1962-03-30 1967-09-26 Air Reduction High vacuum furnace
US3367396A (en) * 1965-04-05 1968-02-06 Heppenstall Co Installation for the vacuum treatment of melts, in particular steel melts, and process for its operation
US3558121A (en) * 1967-09-28 1971-01-26 Kloeckner Werke Ag Apparatus for treating of steel or other metals, especially for continuous casting
US3572671A (en) * 1967-10-03 1971-03-30 Conzinc Riotinto Ltd Continuous degassing of metals
US3606291A (en) * 1969-05-15 1971-09-20 Dravo Corp Molten steel degassing apparatus and method
US3618917A (en) * 1969-02-20 1971-11-09 Asea Ab Channel-type induction furnace

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2224982A (en) * 1939-03-10 1940-12-17 Whitehall Patents Corp Method of die casting by electrical induction
US2587793A (en) * 1949-04-05 1952-03-04 Waldron Frederic Barnes Manufacture of steel
US3343828A (en) * 1962-03-30 1967-09-26 Air Reduction High vacuum furnace
US3367396A (en) * 1965-04-05 1968-02-06 Heppenstall Co Installation for the vacuum treatment of melts, in particular steel melts, and process for its operation
US3558121A (en) * 1967-09-28 1971-01-26 Kloeckner Werke Ag Apparatus for treating of steel or other metals, especially for continuous casting
US3572671A (en) * 1967-10-03 1971-03-30 Conzinc Riotinto Ltd Continuous degassing of metals
US3618917A (en) * 1969-02-20 1971-11-09 Asea Ab Channel-type induction furnace
US3606291A (en) * 1969-05-15 1971-09-20 Dravo Corp Molten steel degassing apparatus and method

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4627601A (en) * 1984-06-22 1986-12-09 Irsid Installation for the production of steel by pre-smelting of pig iron
DE3935014A1 (en) * 1989-10-20 1991-04-25 Pfeiffer Vakuumtechnik MULTI-CHAMBER VACUUM SYSTEM
US5585067A (en) * 1994-04-11 1996-12-17 Aluminium Pechiney Aluminum alloys containing very finely dispersed bismuth, cadmium, indium and/or lead and a process for obtaining them
US6585797B2 (en) 2001-01-25 2003-07-01 Alcoa Inc. Recirculating molten metal supply system and method
US20080202644A1 (en) * 2007-02-23 2008-08-28 Alotech Ltd. Llc Quiescent transfer of melts
US20100116453A1 (en) * 2007-02-23 2010-05-13 Grassi John R Integrated quiescent processing of melts
US8303890B2 (en) 2007-02-23 2012-11-06 Alotech Ltd. Llc Integrated quiescent processing of melts
US20160338658A1 (en) * 2014-01-28 2016-11-24 Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Heat Transfer Device, X-Ray Detecting Apparatus and X-Ray Imaging Equipment
US10631804B2 (en) * 2014-01-28 2020-04-28 General Electric Company Heat transfer device, X-ray detecting apparatus and X-ray imaging equipment

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