US3809154A - Heat exchanger for transferring heat between gases - Google Patents

Heat exchanger for transferring heat between gases Download PDF

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Publication number
US3809154A
US3809154A US00181125A US18112571A US3809154A US 3809154 A US3809154 A US 3809154A US 00181125 A US00181125 A US 00181125A US 18112571 A US18112571 A US 18112571A US 3809154 A US3809154 A US 3809154A
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United States
Prior art keywords
heat
passage means
passages
gas
enclosure
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00181125A
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English (en)
Inventor
L Szucs
L Heller
Z Szabo
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Energiagazdalkodasi Intezet
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Energiagazdalkodasi Intezet
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Publication of US3809154A publication Critical patent/US3809154A/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/0233—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes the conduits having a particular shape, e.g. non-circular cross-section, annular

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A heat exchanger for taking heat. from a hot gas and delivering the heat to a cool, gas.
  • the heat exchanger includes a lower passage structure through which the hot gas flows and an upper passage structure through which the cool gas, which is to be heated, flows.
  • a heat-transfer structure is operatively connected with the upper and lower passage structure so as to be in heabexchanging relation therewith, this heat-transfer structure including an elongated vertical enclosure which is in heat-transfer communication with the gas in the lower passage structure as well as with the gas in the upper passage structure.
  • This heat-transfer structure includes within the latter enclosure a fluid which is in a liquid phase in a lower portion of the enclosure which is operatively connected with thelower passage structure and in a vaporphase in an upper portion of the enclosure which is operatively connected with the upper passage structure.
  • heat from the hot gas in the lower passage structure serves to vaporize the liquid phase of' the fluid in the enclosure with the vapor rising up to the elevation of the upper passage structure where the vapor gives up its heat to the gas in the upper passage structure with consequent condensing of the vapor to form again the liquid phase which settles to the lower portion of the enclosure.
  • the heat exchanger includes a lower passage means for conducting the hot gas from which heat is to be derived and, over the lower passage means, an upper passage means for conducting the cool gas which is to be heated with the heat taken from the hot gas.
  • a heat transfer means extends between and is operatively connected with the lower and the upper passage means for transferring heat from the gas in the lower passage means tothe gas in the upper passage means, and this heat transfer means includes an elongated enclosure having a lower portion in heatexchanging relation with the lower passage means and an upper portion in heat-exchanging relation with the upper passage means.
  • the heattransfer means includes a fluid which is in its liquid phase in the lower portion of the enclosure and in its vapor phase in the upper portion of the enclosure.
  • the fluid is converted from its liquid to its vapor phase with heat derived from the gas in the lower passage means, and the vapor which is thus formed rises to the upper portion of the enclosure where it gives up heat to the gas in the upper passage means while simultaneously cooling and condensing to form again the liquid phase which settles to the lower portion of the enclosure.
  • the present invention is based upon the fact that if a fluid which is in its liquid phase is placed in heatexchanging relation with a hot gas, the fluid will have its liquid phase vaporized into a vapor phase which can give up its heat to a cool gas which is to be heated with consequent condensing of the vapor phase back into the liquid phase of the fluid.
  • the extremely narrow gas passages will include at least some gas passages where the depth is no greater than 0.7 mm.
  • the hot and cold gases are directed through these extremely narrow passages which are in heat-exchange communication with enclosures in which the heattransferring fluid is located, and the fluidin this enclosure is chosen in such a way that the heat from the hot gas will change the fluid from its liquid phase to its vapor phase while the vapor phase will be converted back to the liquid phase during transfer of heat to the cold gas so that the particular fluid chosen will have a saturation temperature which will be adapted to the particular properties of the gases which flow through the passages.
  • the particular physical properties of the fluid in the enclosure of the heat-transfer means such as the saturation pressure, density, viscosity, evaporation and condensing heat of the fluid will have an effect on the heat transfer and strength characteristics and will be adapted to the particular temperature differential which is encountered.
  • the hot gas when the hot gas initially enters the heat exchanger it has a relatively high temperature while where it leaves the exchanger it has a relatively low temperature, and of course the cold gas leaves the exchanger at a relatively high temperature and enters at a relatively low temperature, so that along the paths of the hot and cold gases'there are a series of enclosures with heat-transfer fluids therein, and the particular fluids in the different enclosures will be different in accordance with whether the fluid is located at that part of the apparatus where the hot gas initially enters and the cold gas leaves or whether it is at part of the apparatus where the hot gas leaves the exchanger and the cold gas enters.
  • the fluid may be mercury while where the hot gas leaves the apparatus the fluid may be water.
  • the heatexchanger structure of the invention illustrated therein includes an upper passage means 1 for the cold gas and a lower passage means 2 for the hot gas.
  • the lower and upper passage means 2 and 1 are maintained separate from each other through suitable baffles and suitable headers or the like direct the cold gas through the passages of the upper passage means 1 in the direction of the arrow shown at the lower left of FIG. 2 while the hot gas flows through the passages of the lower passage 7 means 2 in the opposite direction as indicated by the arrows at the upper right portion of FIG. 2.
  • the hot gas is designated with the dotted areas while the cool gas is designated with the clear areas.
  • each of the passage means 1 and 2 includes a body of good thermoconductivity formed with groups of elongated narrow passages which have a relatively small depth in relation to their width.
  • the passages of both of the passage means 1 and 2 form elongated extremely narrow slots some of which at least have a depth which is no greater than 0.7 mm.
  • These slots or passages of the pair of passage means 1 and 2 are arranged in groups which form columns in that the several passages of the lower passage means 2 are arranged in groups situated one above the other as illustrated in FIG. 1, while situated directly over the slots or passages of the lower passage means 2 are corresponding groups of identical passages which form the passages for the upper passage means 1.
  • the heat-transfer means includes a heat-transfer fluid 4 which in a lower portion of each enclosure whichis in heat-exchanging relation with the lower passage means 2 has the fluid 4 in its liquid phase while in the upper portion which is in heatexchanging relation with the upper passage means 1 the fluid in each enclosure is in its vapor phase. While it is possible to provide different sizes for the several passages, they all may have the same small size referred to above. Thus, the series of vertically arranged horizontal passages of each group of passagesof the lower passage means 2 and the upper passage means 1 may beconsidered as forming a single column 5 of passages, and it will be noted that the elongated enclosures 3 extend perpendicularly to the passages.
  • the heat exchanger is ready for operation when the lower passage means 2 for the hot gas is situated beneath the upper passage means 1 for the cold gas.
  • the elongated enclosures 3 form a coupling between the lower and upper passage means, being in heatexchanging relation therewith through the wall of the body which is formed with the passages and enclosures.
  • the invention has been carried out with'the series of enclosures 3 arranged as shown in FIG. 2 between each pair of successive groups of passages of the lower and upper passage means 2 and l, and different fluids were placed in different enclosures 3. in accordance with the situation thereof in the heat exchanger.
  • the characteristics of the particular fluid at a particular location will be adapted to the particular temperature prevailing at the particular part of the heat exchanger.
  • the structure of the invention is particularly suit-' able as a recuperator for a closed cycle gas turbine having a nuclear heat source.
  • the volume occupied by the entire heat exchanger of the invention is only about one third of the volume required by a conventional heat ex changer which will have a similar output.
  • the pressure drop is only about one seventh of the volume or pressure drop now encountered in the most modern heat exchangers which are designed to operate under the same conditions as those encountered with the heat exchanger of the invention.
  • heat-transfer means operatively connected with said lower and upper passage means for taking heat from the gas in the lower passage means and delivering the heat to the gas in the upper passage means
  • said heat-transfer means including an elongated substantially vertical enclosure having a lower portion at the elevation of and operatively connected with said lower passage means and an upper portion at the elevation of and operatively connected with said upper passage means
  • said heat-transfer means including within said enclosure a fluid which is in its liquid phase in said lower portion and in its vapor phase in said upper portion of said enclosure, said liquid phase of said fluid being converted into a vapor with heat from the gas in said lower passage means and said vapor rising to the upper portion of said enclosure to give up heat to gas in said upper passage means while condensing to form again the liquid phase which settles to the lower portion of said enclosure
  • said lower'passage means including an elongated substantially vertical enclosure having a lower portion at the elevation of and operatively connected with said lower passage means and an upper portion at the elevation of and operatively connected with said upper passage means
  • each of said passage means includes at least one body formed with a plurality of substantially horizontally extending passages through which the gas flows, and each of said passages having a width which is substantially greater than its depth.
  • said heattransfer means includes a plurality'of said enclosures arranged in a series one next to the other along said lower and upper passage means and someof said enclosures having fluids different from the fluids in other enclosures with the different fluids being adapted to the particular temperatures of the gases at the locations of the enclosures.
  • said lower passage means includes a plurality of groups of horizontal passages with the passages in each group arranged one above the other and with the several groups spaced from each other with the passages all extending parallel to each other while said upper passage means includes corresponding groups of upper passages respectively arranged over the groups of the lower passage means, and the heat-transfer means including between each pair of groups of said upper and lower passage means a series of vertically arranged enclosures situated one next to the other and separating one group of passages from the next.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
US00181125A 1970-09-21 1971-09-16 Heat exchanger for transferring heat between gases Expired - Lifetime US3809154A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HUHE572A HU162801B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1970-09-21 1970-09-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3809154A true US3809154A (en) 1974-05-07

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ID=10997026

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00181125A Expired - Lifetime US3809154A (en) 1970-09-21 1971-09-16 Heat exchanger for transferring heat between gases

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3809154A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH530606A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2146869C3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1311232A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
HU (1) HU162801B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4029142A (en) * 1975-02-04 1977-06-14 U.S. Philips Corporation Heat exchanger
US4030539A (en) * 1973-08-28 1977-06-21 Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft Cross-current pipe heat-exchanger for gases
US4282926A (en) * 1978-02-24 1981-08-11 James Howden And Company Australia Pty. Limited Cooling of fluid streams
FR2515803A1 (fr) * 1981-10-31 1983-05-06 Daimler Benz Ag Echangeur de chaleur comportant un faisceau de tubes paralleles pouvant etre sollicite par de l'air, notamment pour la climatisation de l'habitacle d'un vehicule automobile
FR2515802A1 (fr) * 1981-10-31 1983-05-06 Daimler Benz Ag Echangeur de chaleur comportant un faisceau de tubes paralleles pouvant etre sollicite par de l'air, notamment pour la climatisation de l'habitacle d'un vehicule automobile
FR2515804A1 (fr) * 1981-10-31 1983-05-06 Daimler Benz Ag Echangeur de chaleur, comportant un faisceau de tubes orientes parallelement, pouvant etre sollicite par de l'air
FR2704939A1 (fr) * 1993-05-06 1994-11-10 Valeo Thermique Habitacle Circuit de fluide réfrigérant à rendement amélioré.
EP1936312A3 (en) * 2006-12-19 2012-01-04 United Technologies Corporation Vapor cooled heat exchanger

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0029573A3 (de) * 1979-11-24 1981-12-16 Uwe Klix Wärmetauscher, deren Ausbildung und Anordnung in einer Einrichtung zur Wärmerückgewinnung durch Luftaustausch, insbesondere für Wohnhäuser und vergleichbare Anlagen
US8122729B2 (en) 2007-03-13 2012-02-28 Dri-Eaz Products, Inc. Dehumidification systems and methods for extracting moisture from water damaged structures
US8290742B2 (en) 2008-11-17 2012-10-16 Dri-Eaz Products, Inc. Methods and systems for determining dehumidifier performance
GB2482100B (en) 2009-04-27 2014-01-22 Dri Eaz Products Inc Systems and methods for operating and monitoring dehumidifiers
USD634414S1 (en) 2010-04-27 2011-03-15 Dri-Eaz Products, Inc. Dehumidifier housing
WO2013056260A1 (en) 2011-10-14 2013-04-18 Dri-Eaz Products, Inc. Dehumidifiers having improved heat exchange blocks and associated methods of use and manufacture
USD731632S1 (en) 2012-12-04 2015-06-09 Dri-Eaz Products, Inc. Compact dehumidifier

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1725906A (en) * 1927-07-05 1929-08-27 Frazer W Gay Heat transfer means
US2153942A (en) * 1937-02-03 1939-04-11 Jr Jack J Spalding Heat exchanging apparatus
CA506396A (en) * 1954-10-12 The Air Preheater Corporation Undulated ribbon fin for heat exchange surface
US3572426A (en) * 1967-10-05 1971-03-23 Gen Electric Underwater heat exchange system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA506396A (en) * 1954-10-12 The Air Preheater Corporation Undulated ribbon fin for heat exchange surface
US1725906A (en) * 1927-07-05 1929-08-27 Frazer W Gay Heat transfer means
US2153942A (en) * 1937-02-03 1939-04-11 Jr Jack J Spalding Heat exchanging apparatus
US3572426A (en) * 1967-10-05 1971-03-23 Gen Electric Underwater heat exchange system

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4030539A (en) * 1973-08-28 1977-06-21 Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft Cross-current pipe heat-exchanger for gases
US4029142A (en) * 1975-02-04 1977-06-14 U.S. Philips Corporation Heat exchanger
US4282926A (en) * 1978-02-24 1981-08-11 James Howden And Company Australia Pty. Limited Cooling of fluid streams
US4448242A (en) * 1981-10-31 1984-05-15 Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft Heat-exchanger with a bundle of parallelly extending pipes adapted to be acted upon by air
FR2515802A1 (fr) * 1981-10-31 1983-05-06 Daimler Benz Ag Echangeur de chaleur comportant un faisceau de tubes paralleles pouvant etre sollicite par de l'air, notamment pour la climatisation de l'habitacle d'un vehicule automobile
FR2515804A1 (fr) * 1981-10-31 1983-05-06 Daimler Benz Ag Echangeur de chaleur, comportant un faisceau de tubes orientes parallelement, pouvant etre sollicite par de l'air
FR2515803A1 (fr) * 1981-10-31 1983-05-06 Daimler Benz Ag Echangeur de chaleur comportant un faisceau de tubes paralleles pouvant etre sollicite par de l'air, notamment pour la climatisation de l'habitacle d'un vehicule automobile
US4448241A (en) * 1981-10-31 1984-05-15 Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft Heat-exchanger with a bundle of parallelly extending pipes adapted to be acted upon by air
US4520863A (en) * 1981-10-31 1985-06-04 Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft Heat-exchanger with a bundle of parallelly extending pipes adapted to be acted upon by air
FR2704939A1 (fr) * 1993-05-06 1994-11-10 Valeo Thermique Habitacle Circuit de fluide réfrigérant à rendement amélioré.
US5544498A (en) * 1993-05-06 1996-08-13 Valeo Thermique Habitacle Efficieny cooling fluid circuit
ES2109138A1 (es) * 1993-05-06 1998-01-01 Valeo Thermique Habitacle Circuito de fluido refrigerante.
EP1936312A3 (en) * 2006-12-19 2012-01-04 United Technologies Corporation Vapor cooled heat exchanger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2146869C3 (de) 1975-01-09
HU162801B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-04-28
DE2146869B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1974-05-30
CH530606A (de) 1972-11-15
DE2146869A1 (de) 1973-04-05
GB1311232A (en) 1973-03-28

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