US3805803A - Reconstituted-tobacco smoking materials - Google Patents
Reconstituted-tobacco smoking materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3805803A US3805803A US00256410A US25641072A US3805803A US 3805803 A US3805803 A US 3805803A US 00256410 A US00256410 A US 00256410A US 25641072 A US25641072 A US 25641072A US 3805803 A US3805803 A US 3805803A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tobacco
- carbon
- reconstituted
- smoking material
- substances
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/12—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of reconstituted tobacco
Definitions
- a smoking material comprises a tobacco component consisting of or comprising a combustible reconstituted tobacco, which smoking material contains a filler intimately incorporated therein and consisting solely or largely of carbon.
- the carbon employed is in finely divided form and of a particle size less than 150 microns. Adhesion between the carbon particles and the tobacco is effected without extraneous adhesives and by substances released in slurrying the tobacco used.
- the reconstituted tobacco consists solely or essentially of naturaltobacco substances. It may contain added tobacco extract as well as tobacco solids.
- a smoking material comprises a tobacco component consisting of or comprising a combustible reconstituted tobacco, which smoking material contains a filler intimately incorporated therein and consisting solely or largely of carbon.
- the reconstituted tobacco is of a type which consists solely or essentially of natural tobacco substances.
- the filler is added to the tobacco component before it is made into web, sheet or filaments and so that the filler becomes incorporated within the fibrous structure of the reconstituted tobacco.
- the proportion of filler included should amount to at least 1 percent and preferably to at least 5 percent by weight of the smoking material. Up to 50 percent of filler may be included, but the upper limit in practice will depend upon the nature of the product, particularly its mechanical strength. Carbon should not be present in such a large proportion as to weaken excessively the shreds or filaments of the smoking material as used.
- the particle size of the carbon is preferably less than 150 microns.
- Reconstituted tobaccos of the aforesaid type preferably to be used are characterised essentially by the absence of extraneous adhesives, binding being achieved by substances of, or released from, natural tobacco.
- Such reconstituted tobaccos are also to be distinguished from those in which the originating material is pulped chemically, using nitric acid or caustic soda for example.
- Reconstituted tobacco may be made without nontobacco adhesive by several known methods:
- reconstituted tobacco may be produced by disintegrating hot-water-extracted tobacco parts, mixing the extracted tobacco parts as binder with tobacco fines such as lamina or midribs, reducing the particle size of the mixture and casting a sheet on a solid band, for example of stainless steel, and evaporating the water.
- carbon in fine granular form can be added together with the tobacco fines to the binder prepared from the water-extracted tobacco parts.
- Filamentary reconstituted tobacco may be produced by extruding a mixture of water and tobacco parts comminuted to powder form, as described in US. Pat. specification No. 3,203,432.
- the carbon can be added to the comminuted tobacco prior to the addition of the water and subsequent extrusion.
- reconstituted tobacco may be produced by laying a web of fibres, obtained by pulping tobacco material, on a Fourdrinier machine.
- the web may or may not be impregnated with concentrated aqueous tobacco extract.
- the carbon can be added to the stock supplied to the machine.
- the present invention can be applied with advantage to reconstituted tobacco of any of these kinds.
- Binder was obtained by cooking 200 lbs of threshed Burley stem in 200 gallons of water for 1 hour under a pressure of 30 lbs per square inch, this being followed by washing with hot water. The solubles were rejected and the residue was hammer milled in a Rietz mill (One pass, 0.063 inch screen and two passes, 0.027 inch) at a consistency of 3 percent. Finally the resultant stock was homogenised by six passes under a pressure of 2,000 pounds per square inch at a consistency of 2.14%.
- a tobacco flour was produced from a blend of factory shorts from blended cigarette manufacture by milling to a size of percent less than microns.
- This flour (with 8.3% moisture content) was mixed with the binder (with 2.14% solids) in a proportion of 3:1 dry weight, in one case without the addition of carbon and in other cases with 3.5% and 7% (based on the total dry weight) respectively of activated carbon of a particle size less than 150 microns, plus 5% (with reference to the flour, or flour and carbon) of glycerol as humectant.
- the mixing was performed in a high-speed mixer at 90C for 10 minutes.
- the three resultant slurries were cast as sheets and dried on a stainless-steel band.
- Cigarettes were prepared from 50/50 mixtures of the reconstituted tobacco and a flue-cured tobacco blend and were smoked in substantially the manner described above with the following results:
- Threshed Burley stem was cooked at 90-95 C for 3 30-minute periods, with a stem/water ratio of 1 to 10 by weight, followed by draining after each cook.
- the fibrous residue was then passed through a disc mill at 16.5% consistency, the clearance between plates being 0.035 inches, this being followed by beating in a conventional Valley beater for 20 minutes at 2% consistency.
- the resultant stock was dilted to' 0.6% consistency and fed together with finely divided activated carbon, of which 100% was of a size less than 150 microns, to the head-box of a conventional Fourdrinier papermaking machine of the tissue-paper type. A continuous sheet with a final thickness ofO. 13 to 0.23 mm was produced. Because of the low retention of carbon, in relation to fibres, on the Fourdrinier wire, the ratio of carbon to fibres fed to the headbox will generally be two to three times the ratio required in the final sheet material.
- Two series of samples of reconstituted tobacco thus prepared were used for tests.
- A the sheet material was impregnated with concentrated aqueous tobacco solubles extracted in the cooking stages.
- B the solubles comprised only residual solubles remaining in the fibre.
- the extract obtained as aforesaid was concentrated in a climbing-film evaporator to a solids concentration of 29 percent.
- the sheet was shredded to a form smokable in cigarettes and cigarettes prepared from the shreds were smoked on a conventional machine as described above.
- a method of reducing the total particulate matter from tobacco smoke to an extent greater than that expected from a tobacco dilution by a non-combustible filler means of equal mass comprising intimately incorporating in a tobacco slurry finely divided carbon powder of a particle size less than 150 microns, said carbon consisting from about 10 percent to about 50 percent by weight of the composition and operative to achieve a reduction of the total particulate matter of from about 20 percent up to about percent, the binding of the carbon to the tobacco in the dried slurry being effected essentially without extraneous adhesives and by substances released from the natural tobacco per se.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
Abstract
A smoking material comprises a tobacco component consisting of or comprising a combustible reconstituted tobacco, which smoking material contains a filler intimately incorporated therein and consisting solely or largely of carbon. The carbon employed is in finely divided form and of a particle size less than 150 microns. Adhesion between the carbon particles and the tobacco is effected without extraneous adhesives and by substances released in slurrying the tobacco used. Preferably the reconstituted tobacco consists solely or essentially of natural tobacco substances. It may contain added tobacco extract as well as tobacco solids.
Description
United States Patent [1 1 Hedge et al.
11] 3,805,803 [4 1 Apr. 23, 1974 [73] Assignee: Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation, Louisville, Ky.
[22] Filed: May 24, 1972 [21] App]. No.: 256,410
[30] Foreign Application Priority Data June 11, 1971 Great Britain 27523/71 [52] 11.5. CI. 131/140, 131/17 [51] Int. Cl A24b 15/04 [58] Field of Search 131/2, 15, 17, 140-144 [56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 10/1963 Reynolds et al. 131/17 9/1971 Briskin et al 131/2 3,203,432 8/1965 Green et al. 131/140 C 3,025,860 3/1962 Grossteinbec'k et al. 131/140 C FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 437,092 5/1967 Switzerland 131/17 R Primary Examiner-Melvin D. Rein Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Finnegan, Henderson, Farabow & Garrett [5 7] ABSTRACT A smoking material comprises a tobacco component consisting of or comprising a combustible reconstituted tobacco, which smoking material contains a filler intimately incorporated therein and consisting solely or largely of carbon. The carbon employed is in finely divided form and of a particle size less than 150 microns. Adhesion between the carbon particles and the tobacco is effected without extraneous adhesives and by substances released in slurrying the tobacco used. Preferably the reconstituted tobacco consists solely or essentially of naturaltobacco substances. It may contain added tobacco extract as well as tobacco solids.
1 Claim, No Drawings RECONSTITUTEDTOBACCO SMOKING MATERIALS This invention concerns improvements relating to reconstituted-tobacco smoking materials.
According to the invention, a smoking material comprises a tobacco component consisting of or comprising a combustible reconstituted tobacco, which smoking material contains a filler intimately incorporated therein and consisting solely or largely of carbon. Preferably the reconstituted tobacco is of a type which consists solely or essentially of natural tobacco substances. Advantageously, the filler is added to the tobacco component before it is made into web, sheet or filaments and so that the filler becomes incorporated within the fibrous structure of the reconstituted tobacco.
The proportion of filler included should amount to at least 1 percent and preferably to at least 5 percent by weight of the smoking material. Up to 50 percent of filler may be included, but the upper limit in practice will depend upon the nature of the product, particularly its mechanical strength. Carbon should not be present in such a large proportion as to weaken excessively the shreds or filaments of the smoking material as used. The particle size of the carbon is preferably less than 150 microns.
Reconstituted tobaccos of the aforesaid type preferably to be used are characterised essentially by the absence of extraneous adhesives, binding being achieved by substances of, or released from, natural tobacco. Such reconstituted tobaccos are also to be distinguished from those in which the originating material is pulped chemically, using nitric acid or caustic soda for example.
Reconstituted tobacco may be made without nontobacco adhesive by several known methods:
1. For example, as described in US. Pat. specification No. 3,043,723, reconstituted tobacco may be produced by disintegrating hot-water-extracted tobacco parts, mixing the extracted tobacco parts as binder with tobacco fines such as lamina or midribs, reducing the particle size of the mixture and casting a sheet on a solid band, for example of stainless steel, and evaporating the water.
In this case, carbon in fine granular form can be added together with the tobacco fines to the binder prepared from the water-extracted tobacco parts.
2. Filamentary reconstituted tobacco may be produced by extruding a mixture of water and tobacco parts comminuted to powder form, as described in US. Pat. specification No. 3,203,432.
The carbon can be added to the comminuted tobacco prior to the addition of the water and subsequent extrusion.
3. According to another method, reconstituted tobacco may be produced by laying a web of fibres, obtained by pulping tobacco material, on a Fourdrinier machine. The web may or may not be impregnated with concentrated aqueous tobacco extract.
The carbon can be added to the stock supplied to the machine.
The present invention can be applied with advantage to reconstituted tobacco of any of these kinds.
Examples of ways of carrying the invention into effect will now be more fully described:
EXAMPLE 1 (METHOD 1 ABOVE) Reconstituted tobacco was produced in the following manner:
Binder was obtained by cooking 200 lbs of threshed Burley stem in 200 gallons of water for 1 hour under a pressure of 30 lbs per square inch, this being followed by washing with hot water. The solubles were rejected and the residue was hammer milled in a Rietz mill (One pass, 0.063 inch screen and two passes, 0.027 inch) at a consistency of 3 percent. Finally the resultant stock was homogenised by six passes under a pressure of 2,000 pounds per square inch at a consistency of 2.14%.
A tobacco flour was produced from a blend of factory shorts from blended cigarette manufacture by milling to a size of percent less than microns. This flour (with 8.3% moisture content) was mixed with the binder (with 2.14% solids) in a proportion of 3:1 dry weight, in one case without the addition of carbon and in other cases with 3.5% and 7% (based on the total dry weight) respectively of activated carbon of a particle size less than 150 microns, plus 5% (with reference to the flour, or flour and carbon) of glycerol as humectant. The mixing was performed in a high-speed mixer at 90C for 10 minutes. The three resultant slurries were cast as sheets and dried on a stainless-steel band.
.Total Particulate Matter in Smoke Total Nicotine Alka- Carbon Content loids in Smoke mg per Reduction mg per Reduction cigarette Cigarette 0 24.0 1.4 3.5 22.6 6 L2 14 7.0 18.2 24 0.98 30 The reductions are larger than would be expected from the dilution represented by the contents of filler.
EXAMPLE 2 (METHOD 2):
Carbon was added in proportions of 10 and 20% to a reconstituted tobacco produced as described in the aforesaid specification U.S. Pat. No. 3,203,432, sometimes known as Batex, in which ground tobacco is extruded under high pressureto form coherent filaments similar to cut tobacco in cross section. Cigarettes were prepared from 50/50 mixtures of the reconstituted tobacco and a flue-cured tobacco blend and were smoked in substantially the manner described above with the following results:
Carbon Content Total Particulate Matter in Smoke in Reconstituted mg per Cigarette Reduction Tobacco The reductions are larger than would be expected from the dilution represented by the contents of filler.
EXAMPLE 3 (METHOD 3):
Threshed Burley stem was cooked at 90-95 C for 3 30-minute periods, with a stem/water ratio of 1 to 10 by weight, followed by draining after each cook. The fibrous residue was then passed through a disc mill at 16.5% consistency, the clearance between plates being 0.035 inches, this being followed by beating in a conventional Valley beater for 20 minutes at 2% consistency.
The resultant stock was dilted to' 0.6% consistency and fed together with finely divided activated carbon, of which 100% was of a size less than 150 microns, to the head-box of a conventional Fourdrinier papermaking machine of the tissue-paper type. A continuous sheet with a final thickness ofO. 13 to 0.23 mm was produced. Because of the low retention of carbon, in relation to fibres, on the Fourdrinier wire, the ratio of carbon to fibres fed to the headbox will generally be two to three times the ratio required in the final sheet material.
Two series of samples of reconstituted tobacco thus prepared were used for tests. In a first series, A, the sheet material was impregnated with concentrated aqueous tobacco solubles extracted in the cooking stages. In a second series, B, the solubles comprised only residual solubles remaining in the fibre. For the impregnation, the extract obtained as aforesaid was concentrated in a climbing-film evaporator to a solids concentration of 29 percent.
The sheet was shredded to a form smokable in cigarettes and cigarettes prepared from the shreds were smoked on a conventional machine as described above.
Analysis of the smoke for a variety of compositions 4 of the reconstituted tobacco gave the following results for the total particulate matter in the smoke:
" Total Particulate The reductions are again larger than would be expected simply from the dilution.
The smoke from cigarettes produced as described above was found to be agreeable.
We claim:
1. A method of reducing the total particulate matter from tobacco smoke to an extent greater than that expected from a tobacco dilution by a non-combustible filler means of equal mass, comprising intimately incorporating in a tobacco slurry finely divided carbon powder of a particle size less than 150 microns, said carbon consisting from about 10 percent to about 50 percent by weight of the composition and operative to achieve a reduction of the total particulate matter of from about 20 percent up to about percent, the binding of the carbon to the tobacco in the dried slurry being effected essentially without extraneous adhesives and by substances released from the natural tobacco per se.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB2752371 | 1971-06-11 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US3805803A true US3805803A (en) | 1974-04-23 |
Family
ID=10260977
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US00256410A Expired - Lifetime US3805803A (en) | 1971-06-11 | 1972-05-24 | Reconstituted-tobacco smoking materials |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3805803A (en) |
AU (1) | AU4252572A (en) |
BE (1) | BE784229A (en) |
BR (1) | BR7203648D0 (en) |
CA (1) | CA961367A (en) |
CH (1) | CH554653A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2227833A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK130037B (en) |
FI (1) | FI51756C (en) |
GB (1) | GB1348580A (en) |
NL (1) | NL7207771A (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA723459B (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4893639A (en) * | 1986-07-22 | 1990-01-16 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Densified particulate materials for smoking products and process for preparing the same |
US5076297A (en) * | 1986-03-14 | 1991-12-31 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Method for preparing carbon fuel for smoking articles and product produced thereby |
US5247947A (en) * | 1990-02-27 | 1993-09-28 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Cigarette |
US5666978A (en) * | 1992-09-11 | 1997-09-16 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Electrical smoking system for delivering flavors and method for making same |
EP1322191A1 (en) | 2000-10-05 | 2003-07-02 | Nicolas Baskevitch | Reduction of nitrosamines in tobacco and tobacco products |
US20040154629A1 (en) * | 1998-01-28 | 2004-08-12 | Sampson John Roger | Smoking articles |
US20050263161A1 (en) * | 2004-05-27 | 2005-12-01 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation | Tobacco filler of low nitrogen content |
US20060130861A1 (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2006-06-22 | Philip Morris Usa Inc. | Flavor carrier for use in smoking articles |
US9220296B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-12-29 | Safall Fall | Method of reducing tobacco-specific nitrosamines |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB9801797D0 (en) * | 1998-01-28 | 1998-03-25 | Rothmans International Ltd | Smoking articles |
US6637439B2 (en) * | 2001-08-31 | 2003-10-28 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Tobacco smoking mixture for smoking articles such as cigarettes |
CN101268859B (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2010-06-02 | 中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院 | Method for reducing harmful constituent in tobacco slice of papermaking method |
CN103099304A (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2013-05-15 | 苏州谷力生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of iron-activated carbon cigarette slice |
CN103099306A (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2013-05-15 | 苏州谷力生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of activated carbon tobacco sheet |
DE102022001392A1 (en) | 2022-04-22 | 2023-10-26 | Philip Eckhardt | Process for reducing the nicotine content of tobacco by glycerin and heat treatment |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3025860A (en) * | 1959-06-05 | 1962-03-20 | Velasques Nederland N V | Method of producing tobacco-containing foils |
US3106210A (en) * | 1957-11-18 | 1963-10-08 | Reynolds Metals Co | Smoking tobacco |
US3203432A (en) * | 1962-05-03 | 1965-08-31 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco | Production of tobacco smoking materials |
CH437092A (en) * | 1965-05-21 | 1967-05-31 | Alfred Dr Funk | Process for reducing the content of tobacco smoke in toxic elements, in particular those of cigarettes |
US3608560A (en) * | 1968-11-07 | 1971-09-28 | Sutton Res Corp | Smokable product of oxidized cellulosic material |
-
1972
- 1972-05-16 GB GB2752371A patent/GB1348580A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-05-19 ZA ZA723459A patent/ZA723459B/en unknown
- 1972-05-19 AU AU42525/72A patent/AU4252572A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-05-23 CA CA143,077A patent/CA961367A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-05-24 US US00256410A patent/US3805803A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1972-05-31 BE BE784229A patent/BE784229A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-06-05 CH CH827672A patent/CH554653A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-06-07 BR BR3648/72A patent/BR7203648D0/en unknown
- 1972-06-08 NL NL7207771A patent/NL7207771A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1972-06-08 FI FI721628A patent/FI51756C/en active
- 1972-06-08 DE DE2227833A patent/DE2227833A1/en active Pending
- 1972-06-09 DK DK289572AA patent/DK130037B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3106210A (en) * | 1957-11-18 | 1963-10-08 | Reynolds Metals Co | Smoking tobacco |
US3025860A (en) * | 1959-06-05 | 1962-03-20 | Velasques Nederland N V | Method of producing tobacco-containing foils |
US3203432A (en) * | 1962-05-03 | 1965-08-31 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco | Production of tobacco smoking materials |
CH437092A (en) * | 1965-05-21 | 1967-05-31 | Alfred Dr Funk | Process for reducing the content of tobacco smoke in toxic elements, in particular those of cigarettes |
US3608560A (en) * | 1968-11-07 | 1971-09-28 | Sutton Res Corp | Smokable product of oxidized cellulosic material |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5076297A (en) * | 1986-03-14 | 1991-12-31 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Method for preparing carbon fuel for smoking articles and product produced thereby |
US4893639A (en) * | 1986-07-22 | 1990-01-16 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Densified particulate materials for smoking products and process for preparing the same |
US5247947A (en) * | 1990-02-27 | 1993-09-28 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Cigarette |
US5666978A (en) * | 1992-09-11 | 1997-09-16 | Philip Morris Incorporated | Electrical smoking system for delivering flavors and method for making same |
US20040154629A1 (en) * | 1998-01-28 | 2004-08-12 | Sampson John Roger | Smoking articles |
EP1322191A1 (en) | 2000-10-05 | 2003-07-02 | Nicolas Baskevitch | Reduction of nitrosamines in tobacco and tobacco products |
US6679270B2 (en) | 2000-10-05 | 2004-01-20 | Nicolas Baskevitch | Reduction of nitrosamines in tobacco and tobacco products |
US20050263161A1 (en) * | 2004-05-27 | 2005-12-01 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation | Tobacco filler of low nitrogen content |
US20060130861A1 (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2006-06-22 | Philip Morris Usa Inc. | Flavor carrier for use in smoking articles |
US8408216B2 (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2013-04-02 | Philip Morris Usa Inc. | Flavor carrier for use in smoking articles |
US9220296B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-12-29 | Safall Fall | Method of reducing tobacco-specific nitrosamines |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ZA723459B (en) | 1973-03-28 |
DK130037B (en) | 1974-12-16 |
NL7207771A (en) | 1972-12-13 |
GB1348580A (en) | 1974-03-20 |
DE2227833A1 (en) | 1973-02-15 |
FI51756B (en) | 1976-12-31 |
BE784229A (en) | 1972-09-18 |
BR7203648D0 (en) | 1973-07-10 |
CA961367A (en) | 1975-01-21 |
AU4252572A (en) | 1973-11-22 |
CH554653A (en) | 1974-10-15 |
FI51756C (en) | 1977-04-12 |
DK130037C (en) | 1975-06-16 |
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