US3805378A - Manufacture of remanent reed switch - Google Patents

Manufacture of remanent reed switch Download PDF

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Publication number
US3805378A
US3805378A US00227762A US22776272A US3805378A US 3805378 A US3805378 A US 3805378A US 00227762 A US00227762 A US 00227762A US 22776272 A US22776272 A US 22776272A US 3805378 A US3805378 A US 3805378A
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United States
Prior art keywords
wire
parts
reed
remanent
cold working
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00227762A
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English (en)
Inventor
W Archer
K Olsen
P Renaut
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AT&T Corp
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Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc filed Critical Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
Priority to US00227762A priority Critical patent/US3805378A/en
Priority to CA153,878A priority patent/CA987892A/en
Priority to GB217873A priority patent/GB1415552A/en
Priority to SE7302004A priority patent/SE393218B/xx
Priority to AU52258/73A priority patent/AU482139B2/en
Priority to NL7302209.A priority patent/NL160109C/xx
Priority to DE19732307970 priority patent/DE2307970C3/de
Priority to AR246662A priority patent/AR193572A1/es
Priority to IT67403/73A priority patent/IT977830B/it
Priority to FR7305780A priority patent/FR2173038B1/fr
Priority to BR731238A priority patent/BR7301238D0/pt
Priority to IL41586A priority patent/IL41586A/xx
Priority to JP2028673A priority patent/JPS5642093B2/ja
Priority to NO700/73A priority patent/NO136323C/no
Priority to BE795715D priority patent/BE795715A/xx
Priority to ZA731216A priority patent/ZA731216B/xx
Priority to DK91673A priority patent/DK143072C/da
Priority to ES412277A priority patent/ES412277A1/es
Priority to AT158973A priority patent/AT337819B/de
Priority to CH253373A priority patent/CH567790A5/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3805378A publication Critical patent/US3805378A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
    • C22C19/07—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on cobalt
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/0201—Materials for reed contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/64—Protective enclosures, baffle plates, or screens for contacts
    • H01H1/66—Contacts sealed in an evacuated or gas-filled envelope, e.g. magnetic dry-reed contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
    • H01H11/005—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of reed switches
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49105—Switch making

Definitions

  • Theinvention is concerned with the fabrication of a particular type of magnetic self-latching switch-generically known as ferreed."
  • the particular type of concern utilizes the remanent magnetic material responsible for latching as a part of the reed structure which supports the contacting regions of the switch (in contrast to the more usual type in which the remanent member is external to the switch).
  • ferreeds are characterized by sealed metallic contacts which are included within a magnetic circuit which also includes at least one remanent magnetic member.
  • the remanent member/s which are switched, generally by means of an encircling wire coil, has sufficient remanent magnetization so that the contacts may be retained in either the opened or closed condition without continuous expenditure of energy.
  • ferreed structures are in prevalent use throughout the world. They are of particular significance in modern telephony and many millions of these devices are in use in telephone electronic switching systerns.
  • the usual ferreed structure in use at this time involves a pair of magnetically soft reed members supporting contacting regions, with these reed members magnetically coupled to one or more remanent members generally external to the switch itself.
  • Design variations suggested at about the time of the development of the prototype device include a simplified structure in which the reed members themselves include or are constructed of a remanent magnetic material (see Bell System Technical Journal, supra, and US. Pat. No. 3,059,075).
  • Remendur an alloy composition generally known as Remendur.
  • This material is nominally 50-50 cobalt-iron alloy with small vanadium addition.
  • Development of the appropriate remanence (of the order of at least 10,000 gauss) involves one or more hardening operations.
  • composition utilized for the remanent portion of the reed is the usual Remendur composition, i.e., 40 to parts by weight cobalt, 25 to 60 parts by weight iron, and l to 5- parts by weight vanadium.
  • Remendur composition i.e., 40 to parts by weight cobalt, 25 to 60 parts by weight iron, and l to 5- parts by weight vanadium.
  • Preferred compositions as well as possible minor additives are specified under Section 2' of the Detailed Description.
  • Remendur reed particularly its surface characteristics, have, in the past, given rise to an additional problem, i.e., formation of a durable hermetic seal where the reed emerges from the capsule.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is directed to the materials and procedure for overcoming this difficulty.
  • FIGURE is a front elevational view of a ferreed structure fabricated in accordance with the invention.
  • the FIGURE depicts a prototype remanent reed structure illustrative of those contemplated for fabrication in accordance with the invention. A detailed description of this device as well as a number of variations is contained in the aforementioned US. Pat. No. 3,059,075.
  • the FIGURE depicts a glass envelope 1 containing two reeds, 2 and 3, each of which is provided with contacting regions 4 and 5, respectively.
  • the larger part of each of reeds 2 and 3 is flattened from a round wire of the cross-sectional configuration retained by unflattened projecting portions 6 and 7. Such portions, 6 and 7, enter the envelope 1 through glass seal regions 8 and 9.
  • the device depicted entails two separate windings, 10 and 11, the first of which, when suitably energized by means not shown, results in polarization of reed 2 in either of the two permitted directions while the second, coil 11, also when suitably energized by means not shown, results in polarization of reed 3.
  • This particular arrangement which, in more sophisticated variations, may involve overlapping coils, permits separate control of each of the reeds and is, therefore, adaptable to use in a cross-point array.
  • Polarization of reeds 2 and 3 in the same direction accomplishes closure while magnetization of reeds 2 and 3 in opposite directions (e.g., north-south for reed 2 and south-north for reed 3, both from left to right) results in open circuit.
  • the nature of the remanent material, of which at least a portion of at least one of reeds 2 and 3 is constructed is such that either closed circuit or open circuit may be maintainedwithout expenditure of energy, i.e., the remanent magnetization is sufficient to overcome the natural restoring forces of the structure and maintain closure.
  • Variations on the structure involve possible use of permanent bias of one'reed, for example, by constructing it of a permanent magnetic material which is not switched during operation or by use of a separate magnetic biasing element, incorporation of any number of additional reeds and/or contacts, and, as indicated, a variety of circuit arrangements.
  • Remanent Reed Composition It has been indicated that the remanent material utilized is a member of the class of materials sometimes referred to as Remendur. It has been indicated that the full range of this compositional class is from 40 to 75 parts by weight cobalt, 25 to 60 parts by weight iron, and l to parts by weight vanadium. Compositional variations as well as preferred ranges are set forth in U.S. Pat. No. 3,364,449. As there indicated, the nominal (and preferred) composition contains approximately equal amounts of cobalt and iron with a preferred range for the major ingredients being specified as from 45 to 65 parts cobalt, remainder iron.
  • the preferred range of vanadium, included to control coercivity is from 2 to 4 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the three ingredients, cobalt, iron, and vanadium. Additional ingredients may include manganese contained to minimize the deleterious effect of any sulfur inclusion (ordinarily up to about one part by weight on the above basis) and possibly minor amounts of silicon and aluminum (either in amount of less than one part by weight on the above basis). These last two ingredients serve to bind oxygen which may also be deleterious in processing. In addition to the intentional ingredients set forth, there are tolerable amounts of ordinarily encountered impurities. Such impurities, the total amount of which does not exceed one part by weight on the above basis, may include nickel, carbon, copper, and sulfur.
  • the Remanent Magnetic Material 7 The composition designated is known as Remendur only when possessed of such intermediate hardness as to result in a remanent magnetization of the order of at least 10,000 gauss. In a soft magnetic state, the composition is sometimes known as Permendur, while in its hardened state, it is sometimes known as Vicalloy. Development of the requisite degree of magnetic hardness necessarily entails both cold working and phase precipitation hardening. The invention is, in large part, based on the particular manner in which these procedural steps are carried out. While the most significant processing steps from the inventive standpoint are the terminal three steps (numbered 5 (or 5 plus 5A), 6 and 7), the following description specifies appropriate preliminary steps starting with the formation of the alloy composition itself.
  • Step I A melt is prepared of initial ingredients. Suitable ingredients areelectrolytic cobalt, electrolytic iron, ferrovanadium (an alloy of vanadium and iron) and electrolytic manganese. The ingredients are melted (melt temperature about I550C). Temperature is maintained for a minute or two to ensure thorough mixing and an ingot is formed by cooling.
  • Step 2 The ingot is hot worked at a temperature between 900C and 1250C.
  • Working may take the form of rolling, swaging, or extrusion.
  • Hot working is continued to an expedient dimension, e.g., to a diameter of about one-fourth inch. This step ordinarily involves many passes.
  • Step 3 The hot worked body is softened by heating to a temperature of at least 750C and quenching at a rate sufficient to avoid significant phase precipitation. This is ordinarily accomplished by rapid immersion in ice brine. Room temperature is attained in a period of substantially less than 1 minute.
  • Step 4 The quenched rod is cold worked to the desired final dimension (cold drawing to a round wire diameter of from 50 to 10 mils is common).
  • Step 5 The first of the special procedures considered responsible for expedient device fabrication in accordance with the invention involves a strand anneal. in accordance with this step, the wire is softened by heat treatment to result in a tensile strength of a maximum of about 200,000 p.s.i. and an elongation of a minimum of about 10 percent.
  • An illustrative treatment entails maintenance at a temperature over a range of from about 850C to l050C. Maintenance at this temperature should be for a minimum of at least about 5 seconds with the upper time limit being noncritical and determined on the basis of expedience.
  • the wire is passed through a 3 foot hot zone at a rate of about 6 feet per minute thereby resulting in maintenance at a temperature approaching that of the zone for a period of about fifteen seconds.
  • the wire is passed through a water cooled chamber to chill it at a rate fast enough to prevent phase precipitation and associated hardening.
  • this step is carried out in a reducing atmosphere, e.g., hydrogen or cracked ammonia. While in principle inert atmosphere is permissible, from a practical standpoint, it is more expedient to operate with a reducing atmosphere than to use that degree of care necessary to exclude minor quantities of oxidizing ingredients from commercial inert gases.
  • the purpose of the reducing atmosphere or, more generally, of the non-oxidizing atmosphere is to avoid formation of surface oxide, primarily vanadium dioxide, which, due to its abrasive qualities, results in rapid die wear during step 6.
  • Use of such a non-oxidizing atmosphere is also desirable to provide a relatively clean surface for subsequent plating for contact formation as per B below.
  • Step 5a While from the standpoint of device properties, a strand anneal, as described, is adequate to prepare the material for the cold working of Step 6, certain practical considerations may dictate a variation. For example, it has been observed that the final reed evidences differing magnetic properties as between the flattened portion which carried the contact and the still round portion desirably retained for sealing purposes. From the standpoint of manufacturing expedience, it may be desirable to so treat the reed as to make these properties more nearly equal. While this will have no significant effect on device operating characteristics, it may, for example, be expeditious by reason of such practical considerations as the specification of wire properties for the intermediate product which is about to undergo the processing specified in Step 6. A possible approach in this connection is to use a slightly hardened wire at this stage.
  • This cold working which would be sufficiently slight so as to permit the wire to be within the maximum allowable tensile strength values, might take the form of an area reduction of as little as 20 percent or possibly as great as 50 percent. This procedure is to be considered optional.
  • Step 6 This is a stamping operation. During this step, the round wire resulting from Step 5 or Step 5 and Step 5a is flattened to produce the enclosed region of the reed (while retaining the round crosssectional configuration of that portion of the member which is hermetically sealed to the envelope). This stamping operation may also include chopping the reed to desired length. Properties developed during Step 6 or processing advantages gained during Step 6 involve the flattening action only. Properties developed by the stamping operation include a coercivity of about 30 to 60 oersteds and remanent magnetization values of 7,000 to 10,000 gauss. Further improvement in properties are obtained by a phase precipitation treatment as described in Step 7.
  • Step 5 or Step 5a Since the wire produced by the series of procedures terminating with Step 5 or Step 5a ordinarily evidence some curvature, it is usual to straighten the wire at this time. Ordinarily the wire leaving Step 5 or 5a is first straightened, then flattened, and finally chopped into the desired length, in that order. The effect of straightening on mechanical or magnetic properties is slight.
  • An additional minor mechanical treatment which may be carried out at this time involves barrel tumbling in liquids containing abrasive particles and/or other means for removing any burring or other surface irregularities produced ,by the mechanical stamping operation.
  • Step 7 The final processing step involves phase precipitation carried out at such temperature and for such time'as to develop the desired values of remanent magnetization and coercivity.
  • remanent magnetization lie within the range of from 10,000 gauss to 20,000 gauss
  • coercivity lie within the range of from 10 oersteds to 50 oersteds.
  • a preferred embodiment involves the manner in which the protruding portion of the reed is hermetically sealed to the envelope. It has been indicated that use of a non-oxidizing or, preferably, a reducing atmosphere in Step 5, in avoiding formation of surface oxide, is of benefit in reed stamping and plating operations. In addition, it has been found that superior hermetic seals are produced by other processing steps. These steps, inclusion of which with Steps 1 through 7 above constitutes this preferred embodiment, are now described.
  • Step 2a Following hot working, the surface oxide layer is removed either mechanically or chemically. While ordinary pickling with strong acid solution is of benefit, it has been found most desirable to resort to mechanical processing such as grinding or milling. Concern here is primarily with surface smoothness thereby obtaining surface conditions on the rod which will permit its processing into wire free from surface defects. Such wire is essential for hermetic sealing since the wire-to-glass seal appears to be primarily compressive (essentially nonchemical).
  • Step 3a Following quenching, it is observed that a very light oxide has again formed, and this too is removed, for example, by grit blasting.
  • An alternative procedure involves pickling. It may be possible to eliminate Step 2a and perform the entire surface removal at this stage. Attempts to carry out the entire grinding or milling operation at this stage have however, resulted in some fracture during the cold working of Step 4. It is possible that the entire surface removal may be performed on smaller diameter rods, whether obtained by additional hot rolling as in Step 2 or by cold working quenched rods as in Step 4.
  • Step 3b Past experience has indicated that Remendur treated in accordance with Step 3 is amenable to the requisite cold drawing or other cold reduction without use of a metallic plating. Less expensive lubricating techniques using oils or dry lubricants have generally been considered sufficient. In accordance with the preferred embodiment of this invention, however, it is found that use of a copper or other soft metal, e.g., silver or tin, coating usually applied electrochemically or, alternatively, of other chemical coating materials such as zinc phosphate, borax, or inorganic oxalates, not only aids in lubrication action but also provides a protective layer which facilitates fabrication of wire with a more perfect surface, desirable for hermetic sealing.
  • a copper or other soft metal e.g., silver or tin
  • any such coating material may be removed, generally by chemical etching, prior to final drawing through diamond dies (as distinguished from carbide dies). This generally corresponds with a diameter of the order of mils.
  • a permissible alternative at this stage is to retain the copper of other permissible soft metal plating (organic coating as well as tin or other lowmelting metals must be removed-the final configuration must be capable of withstanding the hermetic sealing temperature of between 600 and l400C).
  • one or more additional strand anneals starting at a diameter of about 60 mils is introduced to avoid surface scoring.
  • Such anneal may take the form of 3 feet per minute passage through a 3 foot hot zone to reach temperatures of 850C to l050C for a period ofabout one-half minute followed by passage through a water-cooled chamber to reduce rapid cooling.
  • plating thickness is not critical and may be within the range of from 0.5 to microns. Due, however, to the usually small dimensions, particularly the gap dimension of the structure, it is ordinarily desirable to maintain thickness uniformity within 1 50 percent.
  • Hermetic Sealing The other operation which deserves discussion here involves the hermetic seal of the protruding reed portion to the envelope material.
  • the requirements are common to glass-to-metal seals in other arts.
  • Appropriate temperature coefficient of expansion to closely match that of Remendur may be accomplished by use of lead base glass compositions or other appropriate materials. It has been indicated that under general circumstances thebond is considered to be primarily compressive. Accordingly, the glass envelope material softened by heating flows around the protruding reed. On cooling, compressive stresses are set up in the seal area by deliberate design due to the very slight mismatch of the coefficient of expansion of the glass and the reed material.
  • the best hermetic seals have been prepared in accordance with the preferred embodiment of this invention, i.e., by use of Steps 2a, 3a, and 3b.
  • a hermetically sealed remanent reed, self-latching magnetic switch comprising a sealed envelope containing at least two protruding reed members, each of said members including an electrically contacting surface, in which at least a portion of at least one of the said reeds consists essentially of an alloy containing from 40 to 75 parts by weight cobalt, 25 to 60 parts by weight iron, and l to 5 parts by weight vanadium, in which said body portion is produced by a series of processing steps including hot working, heat treatment, quenching, cold working, and phase precipitation hardening, so resulting in a remanent magnetization of at least 10,000 gauss and a coercivity of at least 10 oersteds, characterized in that the said series of processing steps concludes with operations in which a round wire body portion of the said alloy is strand annealed so as to give the said body portion a heat treatment equivalent to maintenance at a temperature of 850C to 1050C for a
  • the envelope consists essentially of a lead base glass and in which hermetic sealing to the protruding portion of the said reeds is accomplished by heating at least the encompassing portion of the envelope to a temperature of from 600C to 1400C and cooling to solidify the envelope.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
US00227762A 1972-02-22 1972-02-22 Manufacture of remanent reed switch Expired - Lifetime US3805378A (en)

Priority Applications (20)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00227762A US3805378A (en) 1972-02-22 1972-02-22 Manufacture of remanent reed switch
CA153,878A CA987892A (en) 1972-02-22 1972-10-13 Manufacture of remanent reed switch
GB217873A GB1415552A (en) 1972-02-22 1973-01-16 Method of making a magnetic reed member
SE7302004A SE393218B (sv) 1972-02-22 1973-02-13 Forfarande for tillverkning av en remanent tunga for ett sjelvlasande magnetiskt rele
AU52258/73A AU482139B2 (en) 1973-02-16 Method of making a magnetic reed member
NL7302209.A NL160109C (nl) 1972-02-22 1973-02-16 Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een remanente tong voor een zichzelf vergrendelende magnetische schakelaar; magne- tische schakelaar.
DE19732307970 DE2307970C3 (de) 1972-02-22 1973-02-17 zumagnetisierenden Bauteils für durch Ummagnetisierung zu betätigenden, selbsthaltenden Schalter
AR246662A AR193572A1 (es) 1972-02-22 1973-02-18 Procedimiento para fabricar una lengueeta de material con magnetismo para interruptor magnetico
FR7305780A FR2173038B1 (en, 2012) 1972-02-22 1973-02-19
IT67403/73A IT977830B (it) 1972-02-22 1973-02-19 Procedimento per la fabbricazione di linghette a rimanenza per inter ruttori magnetici ad autoritenuta
BR731238A BR7301238D0 (pt) 1972-02-22 1973-02-20 O de fabricacao de um comutador magnetico processo de fabricacao de uma palheta remanente, e proces
IL41586A IL41586A (en) 1972-02-22 1973-02-20 Manufacture of remanent reed switch
NO700/73A NO136323C (no) 1972-02-22 1973-02-21 Fremgangsm}te ved fremstilling av et remanent magnetisk reed-element.
BE795715D BE795715A (fr) 1972-02-22 1973-02-21 Procede de fabrication de commutateurs a tiges remanentes
ZA731216A ZA731216B (en) 1972-02-22 1973-02-21 Manufacture of remanent reed switch
DK91673A DK143072C (da) 1972-02-22 1973-02-21 Fremgangsmaade til fremstilling af en ommagnetiserbar konstruktionsdel
JP2028673A JPS5642093B2 (en, 2012) 1972-02-22 1973-02-21
ES412277A ES412277A1 (es) 1972-02-22 1973-02-22 Procedimiento para la fabricacion de un conmutador magneti-co de enclavamiento de lengueta remanente hermeticam nte se-llado.
AT158973A AT337819B (de) 1972-02-22 1973-02-22 Verfahren zum herstellen einer remanentmagnetischen zunge fur ein selbstverriegelndes magnetisches relais
CH253373A CH567790A5 (en, 2012) 1972-02-22 1973-02-22

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00227762A US3805378A (en) 1972-02-22 1972-02-22 Manufacture of remanent reed switch

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US3805378A true US3805378A (en) 1974-04-23

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US00227762A Expired - Lifetime US3805378A (en) 1972-02-22 1972-02-22 Manufacture of remanent reed switch

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US (1) US3805378A (en, 2012)
JP (1) JPS5642093B2 (en, 2012)
AR (1) AR193572A1 (en, 2012)
AT (1) AT337819B (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE795715A (en, 2012)
BR (1) BR7301238D0 (en, 2012)
CA (1) CA987892A (en, 2012)
CH (1) CH567790A5 (en, 2012)
DK (1) DK143072C (en, 2012)
ES (1) ES412277A1 (en, 2012)
FR (1) FR2173038B1 (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB1415552A (en, 2012)
IL (1) IL41586A (en, 2012)
IT (1) IT977830B (en, 2012)
NL (1) NL160109C (en, 2012)
NO (1) NO136323C (en, 2012)
SE (1) SE393218B (en, 2012)
ZA (1) ZA731216B (en, 2012)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3900807A (en) * 1972-10-30 1975-08-19 Fujitsu Ltd Magnetically controlled switching device
US3959758A (en) * 1973-12-07 1976-05-25 International Standard Electric Corporation Magnetically actuated switching device
WO1980000552A1 (en) * 1978-09-01 1980-04-03 Ncr Co An apparatus and method for producing cyclic motion
US4222020A (en) * 1979-04-02 1980-09-09 Gte Automatic Electric Laboratories Incorporated Control winding for a magnetic latching reed relay
US4337100A (en) * 1980-10-06 1982-06-29 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Magnetically anisotropic alloys for magnetically actuated devices
US4340434A (en) * 1980-08-18 1982-07-20 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated High remanence Fe-Mo-Ni alloys for magnetically actuated devices
US4377797A (en) * 1980-08-18 1983-03-22 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Magnetically actuated device comprising an Fe-Mo-Ni magnetic element
US4391656A (en) * 1980-10-17 1983-07-05 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Isotropic and nearly isotropic permanent magnet alloys
US4401483A (en) * 1980-10-06 1983-08-30 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Method for making a magnetically anisotropic element
US4415380A (en) * 1980-08-18 1983-11-15 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Method for making a high remanence Fe-Mo-Ni magnetic element
US4420732A (en) * 1980-10-06 1983-12-13 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Magnetically actuated device comprising a magnetically anisotropic element
US20140049346A1 (en) * 2011-03-16 2014-02-20 Kabushiki Kaisha Yaskawa Denki Reed switch
US11309140B2 (en) * 2019-01-04 2022-04-19 Littelfuse, Inc. Contact switch coating

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE388713B (sv) * 1974-08-22 1976-10-11 Mo Energeticheskij Institut Tungrele
CN116457479B (zh) * 2021-09-14 2025-05-27 株式会社博迈立铖 Fe-Co系合金棒材
EP4403653A4 (en) * 2021-09-14 2024-11-06 Proterial, Ltd. FE-CO ALLOY BAR MATERIAL

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US3251121A (en) * 1962-08-07 1966-05-17 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Method of making reed-type switch contacts
US3364449A (en) * 1963-12-18 1968-01-16 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Magnetically actuated switching devices
US3369291A (en) * 1963-03-14 1968-02-20 Rca Corp Method of making reed switches
US3443312A (en) * 1962-06-04 1969-05-13 Hitachi Ltd Method of making gas-filled enclosed switchgear with copper contacts

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US3443312A (en) * 1962-06-04 1969-05-13 Hitachi Ltd Method of making gas-filled enclosed switchgear with copper contacts
US3251121A (en) * 1962-08-07 1966-05-17 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Method of making reed-type switch contacts
US3369291A (en) * 1963-03-14 1968-02-20 Rca Corp Method of making reed switches
US3364449A (en) * 1963-12-18 1968-01-16 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Magnetically actuated switching devices

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3900807A (en) * 1972-10-30 1975-08-19 Fujitsu Ltd Magnetically controlled switching device
US3959758A (en) * 1973-12-07 1976-05-25 International Standard Electric Corporation Magnetically actuated switching device
WO1980000552A1 (en) * 1978-09-01 1980-04-03 Ncr Co An apparatus and method for producing cyclic motion
US4221163A (en) * 1978-09-01 1980-09-09 Ncr Corporation Magnetic hysteresis driven recording element and method
US4222020A (en) * 1979-04-02 1980-09-09 Gte Automatic Electric Laboratories Incorporated Control winding for a magnetic latching reed relay
US4340434A (en) * 1980-08-18 1982-07-20 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated High remanence Fe-Mo-Ni alloys for magnetically actuated devices
US4377797A (en) * 1980-08-18 1983-03-22 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Magnetically actuated device comprising an Fe-Mo-Ni magnetic element
US4415380A (en) * 1980-08-18 1983-11-15 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Method for making a high remanence Fe-Mo-Ni magnetic element
US4420732A (en) * 1980-10-06 1983-12-13 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Magnetically actuated device comprising a magnetically anisotropic element
US4337100A (en) * 1980-10-06 1982-06-29 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Magnetically anisotropic alloys for magnetically actuated devices
US4401483A (en) * 1980-10-06 1983-08-30 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Method for making a magnetically anisotropic element
US4391656A (en) * 1980-10-17 1983-07-05 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Isotropic and nearly isotropic permanent magnet alloys
US20140049346A1 (en) * 2011-03-16 2014-02-20 Kabushiki Kaisha Yaskawa Denki Reed switch
US8760246B2 (en) * 2011-03-16 2014-06-24 Kabushiki Kaisha Yaskawa Denki Reed switch
US11309140B2 (en) * 2019-01-04 2022-04-19 Littelfuse, Inc. Contact switch coating
US20220122784A1 (en) * 2019-01-04 2022-04-21 Littelfuse, Inc. Contact switch coating

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AR193572A1 (es) 1973-04-30
GB1415552A (en) 1975-11-26
AT337819B (de) 1977-07-25
JPS5642093B2 (en, 2012) 1981-10-02
DE2307970A1 (de) 1973-09-13
BE795715A (fr) 1973-06-18
DK143072C (da) 1981-11-02
NL160109C (nl) 1979-09-17
CH567790A5 (en, 2012) 1975-10-15
NL160109B (nl) 1979-04-17
IT977830B (it) 1974-09-20
DE2307970B2 (de) 1975-09-25
FR2173038B1 (en, 2012) 1977-07-29
AU5225873A (en) 1974-08-22
JPS4897044A (en, 2012) 1973-12-11
IL41586A (en) 1975-06-25
NO136323C (no) 1977-08-24
CA987892A (en) 1976-04-27
SE393218B (sv) 1977-05-02
FR2173038A1 (en, 2012) 1973-10-05
BR7301238D0 (pt) 1974-02-19
ES412277A1 (es) 1976-01-01
ATA158973A (de) 1976-11-15
NO136323B (en, 2012) 1977-05-09
DK143072B (da) 1981-03-23
IL41586A0 (en) 1973-04-30
ZA731216B (en) 1974-04-24
NL7302209A (en, 2012) 1973-08-24

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