US3802668A - Apparatus for inverting flow in a conduit - Google Patents

Apparatus for inverting flow in a conduit Download PDF

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Publication number
US3802668A
US3802668A US00264859A US26485972A US3802668A US 3802668 A US3802668 A US 3802668A US 00264859 A US00264859 A US 00264859A US 26485972 A US26485972 A US 26485972A US 3802668 A US3802668 A US 3802668A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
pipe
conduit
flow
upstream
conduit means
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00264859A
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English (en)
Inventor
Messance F Charles
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Cellophane SA France
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Cellophane SA France
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cellophane SA France filed Critical Cellophane SA France
Priority to US379221A priority Critical patent/US3911073A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3802668A publication Critical patent/US3802668A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/362—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using static mixing devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
    • B01F25/4334—Mixers with a converging cross-section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/09—Articles with cross-sections having partially or fully enclosed cavities, e.g. pipes or channels

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A flow exchanging device and a process using the same for diverting a fluid flowing on the periphery of a conduit towards the center thereof and simultaneously diverting a second fluid flowing in the center of the conduit to the periphery thereof, such device being an open tapered pipe having a plurality of openings on its walls and protruding lips around each of the openings for diverting the peripheral flow towards the center of the conduit.
  • the center flow is diverted to the periphery through the wall openings.
  • the device is particular adapted to use in the spinning of cellulose films from two qualities of viscose.
  • the viscose before reaching the hopper, travels a long path in an intake conduit, on the inside of which its travel obeys the laws of fluid mechanics, i.e., its flow can be theoretically likened to that of juxtaposed streams each having their own speed, a speed that increases from the periphery to the center. Consequently, the viscose of the peripheral streams has undergone, when it arrives in the hopper a more pronounced aging than that whichtraveled in the center. Since these streams do not overlap, this peripheral viscose is that which constitutes the surface zone, or skin, of the film particularly the edges.
  • the older, more viscous and mature viscose is of an inferior quality to that of the new or younger and more fluid viscose which circulates in the center. It is more heterogeneous and often carries gels'and often results in weakened edges and irregular surface zone.
  • the exchanger according to the present invention can be connected by any known means with the conduit means provided it extends exactly axially within the inside wall of the latter.
  • the conduit means consists of an upstream conduit and a downstream conduit.
  • the exchanger of flow inverter is integrally formed with the upstream conduit as a single unit. This unit at the exchanger end is inserted axially within the downstream conduit.
  • other embodiments are possible. It is not particularly necessary that the shape of the frustum of the cane be rigorously geometric but it should be tapered gradually. A similar form, slightly rounded, for example, is perfectlysuitable.
  • the inclination of the cone frustum and the diameter of. its small circumference and the position, number and dimension and shape of the lateral openings can vary and depend essentially on the relative size of the flows that are to be exchanged.
  • Such flow inverter is particularly adapted for use in a process for spinning cellulose films by extrudion of viscose from a hopper into a acidic coagulation bath.
  • the flow inverter is utilized in that prior to reaching the spinning hopper, the viscose flowing through a conduit passes through the flowing inverter means whereby the viscose flowing on the periphery of the conduit is diverted to the center of the conduit and a substantial portion of the viscose flowing in the center of the conduit is diverted to the periphery. In'this way it is possible to produce a cellulose film wherein the skin and edges particularly are made up of a new viscose with the core or center being composed of a more mature viscose.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the exchanger device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of FIG. 1 taken along line 2--2 looking in the direction against the flow within the exchanger device.
  • the flow exchanger of the present invention while primarily intended for use in the formation of cellulose films having improved surface zone and edge characteristics, is capable of being adapted to any process and apparatus where it is desired to achieve a more homogeneous product or to alter surface and edge properties. Accordingly, the accompanying drawings do not include the hopper and other equipment associated with the extrusion and spinning of cellulose films.
  • FIG. 1 The operation of the flow exchanger is shown in FIG. 1 where the direction of flow is indicated by the arrows.
  • the conduit means consists of upstream conduit 1 and downstream conduit 3.
  • the flow of viscose consists of two distinct qualities represented by stream A flowing along the periphery and stream B flowing in the center of the conduit. This representation of the flow follows from the laws of fluid mechanics of viscous flow within a conduit and results primarily from the increased friction of the viscose on the conduit walls.
  • tapered pipe 2 Integrally connected to upstream conduit 1, at the end which is inserted into downstream conduit 3, is tapered pipe 2, which, as shown is in the form of a truncated cone having its truncated end 7 extending into downstream conduit 3 and which forms the flow exchanger of the present invention.
  • tapered pipe 2 it is not essential to the functioning of the flow exchanger that the shape of the tapered pipe 2 be as shown and his possible, for example, for the tapering to be more gradual,'as with slightly rounded walls.
  • a fluid tight seal between the larger base circumference 8 of the tapered pipe 2 and the downstream conduit 3 is achieved by means of a fluid-tight ring or gasket 4. It is important that the two conduit sections and exchanger are in axial alignment.
  • openings 5 Located on the walls of tapered pipe 2 between the base 8 and the truncated end 7 are the essentially equally spaced openings 5 which are rounded and wider at the narrow end of the pipe and gradually taper back in the direction of the larger, upstream end 8. Thus, the openings 5 widen in the direction of the flow of viscose.
  • Each of the openings 5 is bordered by lips 6 bent towards and extending into the pipe.
  • FIG. 2 is taken looking at the exchanger in the direction opposed to the flow.
  • the flow exchanger When used in a process for spinning cellulose films by extrusion of viscose into an acid coagulation bath through the extrusion slit of a hopper fed by an intake conduit, the flow exchanger is inserted into the intake conduit as described above.
  • the flow exchanger of the present invention is capable of numerous other applications in addition to forming improved cellulose films, having better homogeneity as well as improved skins and edges. It is also suitable for homogenizing any products or mixture of fluid products, including liquids in a molten or plastic state.
  • Apparatus for diverting towards the center of conduit means a first fluid stream initially flowing along the periphery of the conduit means and simultaneously causing a substantial proportion of the flow of a second fluid stream initially flowing in the center of the conduit means to be diverted towards the periphery of the conduit means comprising a. a downstream conduit section b. an upstream conduit section in fluid tight connection to said downstream conduit section, and
  • fluid flow inverting means axially aligned within said conduit means comprising a truncated conical shaped pipe connected upstream at its larger base circumference to said upstream conduit section, the truncated end of said conical shaped pipe extending into said downstream conduit means, said truncated conical shaped pipe being provided with, on its walls, intermediate said larger circumference base and said truncated end, at least one opening tapered toward the upstream end and enlarging in the direction of the flow within said conduit means, each of said at least one openings being bordered by lips bent towards and extending into said conical shaped pipes, thereby providing at least one flow diverting lip within said truncated conical shaped pipe.
  • flow inverting means for inverting the flow of an old viscose from the periphery of said conduit means to the center thereof and simultaneously inverting a substantial proportion of the flow of a young viscose, flowing in the center of said conduit means, to the periphery thereof;
  • said flow inverting means comprising a tapered pipe axially aligned within said conduit means, and having an open upstream end and an open truncated end, said tapered pipe being connected to said conduit means at its upstream end, the circumference of said tapered pipe gradually decreasing in the direction of flow from said upstream end to said truncated end, said tapered pipe being provided with a plurality of openings intermediate said upstream end and said truncated end, each of said openings being tapered towards the upstream end and enlarging in the direction of the flow within said conduit means, each of said opening
  • conduit means consists of an upstream pipe and a downstream pipe, said upstream pipe being axially connected within said downstream pipe by a fluid tight seal and said tapered pipe being integrally connected to said upstream pipe whereby the truncated end of said tapered pipe extends into said downstream pipe.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US00264859A 1971-06-29 1972-06-21 Apparatus for inverting flow in a conduit Expired - Lifetime US3802668A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US379221A US3911073A (en) 1971-06-29 1973-07-16 Process for inverting flow in a conduit

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7123581A FR2144013A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1971-06-29 1971-06-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3802668A true US3802668A (en) 1974-04-09

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US (1) US3802668A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2144013A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6615872B2 (en) 2001-07-03 2003-09-09 General Motors Corporation Flow translocator
US20030185098A1 (en) * 2000-10-17 2003-10-02 Reto Koch Static mixer and method for mixing a main component with an additive
US20040008576A1 (en) * 2002-07-10 2004-01-15 Tah Industries, Inc. Method and apparatus for reducing fluid streaking in a motionless mixer
US20090255242A1 (en) * 2008-04-09 2009-10-15 Woodward Governor Company Low Pressure Drop Mixer for Radial Mixing of Internal Combustion Engine Exhaust Flows, Combustor Incorporating Same, and Methods of Mixing
US20170113195A1 (en) * 2015-10-21 2017-04-27 Jason Ladd Static Mixer Manifold

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113172861B (zh) * 2021-05-12 2022-12-16 台州市卓信塑业有限公司 一种挤出机的合流器

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3402916A (en) * 1965-12-02 1968-09-24 W A Kates Company Fluid mixing device
US3427002A (en) * 1965-02-18 1969-02-11 Ici Ltd Process and apparatus for mixing viscous liquids
US3697051A (en) * 1970-01-02 1972-10-10 Inst Wlokien Sztucgnych I Synt Process of heterogeneous mixing spinning solutions and other viscous liquids or masses and the device thereof
US3701619A (en) * 1969-11-14 1972-10-31 American Enka Corp Mixing apparatus

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3427002A (en) * 1965-02-18 1969-02-11 Ici Ltd Process and apparatus for mixing viscous liquids
US3402916A (en) * 1965-12-02 1968-09-24 W A Kates Company Fluid mixing device
US3701619A (en) * 1969-11-14 1972-10-31 American Enka Corp Mixing apparatus
US3697051A (en) * 1970-01-02 1972-10-10 Inst Wlokien Sztucgnych I Synt Process of heterogeneous mixing spinning solutions and other viscous liquids or masses and the device thereof

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030185098A1 (en) * 2000-10-17 2003-10-02 Reto Koch Static mixer and method for mixing a main component with an additive
US6899453B2 (en) * 2000-10-17 2005-05-31 Sika Schweiz Ag Static mixer and method for mixing a main component with an additive
US6615872B2 (en) 2001-07-03 2003-09-09 General Motors Corporation Flow translocator
US20040008576A1 (en) * 2002-07-10 2004-01-15 Tah Industries, Inc. Method and apparatus for reducing fluid streaking in a motionless mixer
US6773156B2 (en) * 2002-07-10 2004-08-10 Tah Industries, Inc. Method and apparatus for reducing fluid streaking in a motionless mixer
WO2004004875A3 (en) * 2002-07-10 2006-11-16 Tah Ind Inc Method and apparatus for reducing fluid streaking in a motionless mixer
US20090255242A1 (en) * 2008-04-09 2009-10-15 Woodward Governor Company Low Pressure Drop Mixer for Radial Mixing of Internal Combustion Engine Exhaust Flows, Combustor Incorporating Same, and Methods of Mixing
US8459017B2 (en) * 2008-04-09 2013-06-11 Woodward, Inc. Low pressure drop mixer for radial mixing of internal combustion engine exhaust flows, combustor incorporating same, and methods of mixing
US20170113195A1 (en) * 2015-10-21 2017-04-27 Jason Ladd Static Mixer Manifold
US10058829B2 (en) * 2015-10-21 2018-08-28 Jason Ladd Static mixer manifold

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2144013A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-02-09

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