US3799524A - Cooling arrangement for a converter vessel wall - Google Patents

Cooling arrangement for a converter vessel wall Download PDF

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US3799524A
US3799524A US00268470A US26847072A US3799524A US 3799524 A US3799524 A US 3799524A US 00268470 A US00268470 A US 00268470A US 26847072 A US26847072 A US 26847072A US 3799524 A US3799524 A US 3799524A
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panels
wall
cooling
cooling arrangement
vessel
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Fives Lille Cail
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Fives Lille Cail
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/42—Constructional features of converters
    • C21C5/46—Details or accessories
    • C21C5/4646—Cooling arrangements

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  • the present invention relates toconverters for making steel which are constituted essentially by a cylindrical vessel whose metallic wall has an interior refractory lining and which is supported by two diametrically opposed trunnions permitting the vessel to be pivoted about a horizontal axis.
  • the vessel wall is generally of a carbon steel making it possible to effectuate necessary soldering at assembly or for on-site repairs, without requiring special operat ing conditions. Therefore, its temperature during operation must be limited to about 300C. to 350C. to avoid damage.
  • the vessel wall is heated during operations by heat radiation from hot gases, pockets of steel and slag, and jets of metal.
  • This heat radiation not only raises the temperature of the vessel wall but also causes dissymetries in the temperature of the wall which cause local deformations, particularly near the nose of the converter vessel and in the regions adjacent the output port.
  • the metal wall. of the vessel is heated through the refractory lining by the heat emanating from the molten metal in the vessel.
  • the amout of this heat depends on the thickness of the liningwhich, in turn, is a function of its wear.
  • Air cooling is generally not efficient enough.
  • Water cooling requires huge amounts of water because of the heavy losses through evaporation and,
  • the primary object of this invention is to overcome the disadvantages in the conventional cooling arrangements for converter vessel walls.
  • the cooling arrangement for a converter vessel wall is constituted essentially by cooled panels disposed side-by-side on the converter vessel wall and in direct contact therewith, each panel being individually fixed to the wall in a manner which does not impede the expansion of the wall.
  • the panels may be constituted by tubes soldered to each other and holding a cooling fluid circulating therethrough, which cooling fluid may be water, for example.
  • the panels may be molded hematite pig iron plates having embedded therein tubes through which the cooling fluid circulates.
  • the panels may take the form of the vessel wall, i.e. they may conform thereto, or they may comprise little faces or facets soldered together.
  • the panels may be arranged in a single row or in several superposed rows.
  • Each panel has an inlet port and an outlet port for the cooling fluid which are connected to a common supply and collector, respectively.
  • the panels are connected in parallel series.
  • Cooling fluid flow regulation means such as. calibrated orifices or valves, are preferably provided to control the flow of cooling fluid through each panel.
  • FIG. 1 is a vertical section of a portion of a converter vessel wall with a cooling arrangement according to this invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevational view of the converter vessel wall of FIG. 1, viewed from the left of this figure;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic top view showing the disposition of the cooling panels on one half of the converter vessel wall, and the circulation of the cooling fluid through the panels;
  • FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 1 of another embodiment
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the mounting of the panels on the walls
  • FIG. 6 is a partial side elevational view in the direction of arrow 6 of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is similar to FIG. 3 in the arrangement of FIG. 4.
  • the metallic converter vessel wall 12 is shown lined with refractory lining 14 in FIG. 1.
  • the vessel is supported for rotation about a horizontal axis on a support ring 1l6 which is engaged in the conventional manner by two diametrically opposed trunnions (not shown).
  • the upper portion of the metallic vessel wall is covered by two superposed rows of cooling panels 26 and 28, each row having a dozen panels in the illustrated embodiment.
  • different numbers of panels may be used, generally depending on the size of the vessel.
  • each panel may consist of a molded or cast hematite pig iron plate into which have been worked cooling channels, for instance tubes embedded in the pig iron mass, or of a multiplicity of tubes of circular or square cross section which are soldered together side-by-side.
  • the panels may be shaped in the form of a portion of a conical surface to conform to the shape of the vessel wall. However, they may also comprise flat narrow panel elements which are so soldered to each other that they form a portion of a pyramidal surface tangent to the conical vessel wall along a plurality of generatrices.
  • the panels are in contact with the wall 12 and are individually fixed thereto by known means permitting the wall to expand freely in respect to the panels so as to avoid stresses on the panels by the expansion of the wall. Such stresses may cause the panels to rupture or break when their expansion differs from that of the wall.
  • the panels may be mounted with play or loosely on pins soldered to the vessel wall.
  • the vase of the lower row of panels 26 is angled away from the vessel wall to form flap 30 for protecting the support ring 16.
  • Each panel has an inlet port and an outlet port for cooling fluid, for instance water. These ports permit the fluid circulating channels in the cooling panels to be connected to semi-circular mains 22 and 24 which surround the vessel and are disposed below the lower row of panels and above the upper row of panels.
  • One end of the four mains 22 is connected to a cooling fluid supply conduit 18 passing through one of the trunnions, which is hollow.
  • the opposite end of the four mains 24 is connected to an outlet conduit which passes through the other trunnion and is also hollow. All the panels of a half row are arranged in parallel between the mains to which they are connected. Calibrated orifices at the entrance of the cooling channels of each panel permit the equal distribution of the cooling fluid flow through all the panels connected to the same main. Valves may additionally be provided to regulate the cooling fluid flow through each individual panel ao that individual panels may be replaced without interfering with the cooling fluid circulation in the remainder of the arrangement.
  • a single row of panels 40 is mounted on the converter vessel wall 12 with its refractory lining 14.
  • the vessel is again mounted for rotation about a horizontal axis on support ring 16'.
  • the panels are of the same general construction as in the above-described embodiment.
  • the panels are hung on the vessel wall by means of cotter pins 46 which are soldered to the wall.
  • the cotter pins are engaged in holes adjacent the upper corners of each panel, one of the holes being elongated to form a slot to permit the circumferential expansion of the vessel wall in respect of the panels.
  • the outwardly bent base of the panels rests on support 48 which is integral with the vessel wall 12', fingers 50, which are soldered to the rear face of the panel base, resiliently supporting the panels on this support. A play between the fingers and the support permits the axial expansion of the vessel wall in respect of the panels.
  • the inlet ports of the panels 40 are connected to supply mains 42 receiving cooling fluid through inlet conduit 18' while the fluid is evacuated through outlet mains 44. All four mains form a semi-circle at the base of the panels 42.
  • a cooling arrangement for the external wall of a converter vessel constituted essentially by cooled panels disposed side-by-side on the converter vessel wall and in direct contact therewith, each panel being individually and detachably fixed to the wall in a manner which does not impede the thermal expansion of the wall, the panels being arranged in at least one row covering an annular portion of the wall, and a cooling fluid circulation system for circulating a cooling fluid through the interior of the panels.
  • cooling fluid circulation system comprises channels within each panel, a fluid inlet port and a fluid outlet port in each panel, a cooling fluid supply main connected to the inlet ports, and a cooling fluid evacuation main connected to the outlet ports.

Abstract

A metallic converter vessel wall is cooled by panels disposed side-by-side on the wall and in direct contact therewith. Each panel is individually fixed to the wall in a manner which does not impede the expansion of the wall.

Description

United States Patent [19.1
Menu Mar. 26, 1974 COOLING ARRANGEMENT FOR A 3.687.436 8/1972 Wortman 266/35 CONVERTER S L WALL 3,304,075 2/ 1967 Puxkandl 3,381,951 5/1968 Gaines et al 266/36 P [75] Inventor: Edouard Menu, Versailles, France [73] Assignee: Fives-Lille-Cail, Paris, France 4 I Primary Examiner-Gerald A. Dost [22] Flled: July 1972 Attorney, Agent, or Firm--Kurt Kelman [2]] Appl. No.1 268,470
[30] Foreign Application Priority Data July 5, 1971 France 71.24409 [57] ABSTRACT [52] U.S. C1. 266/35 A metallic Converter vessel Wall is Cooled y Panels 51 Int. Cl C2lc 5/46 disposed yon the wall and in direct Contact 58 Field of Search... 266/27, 35, 36 P therewith Each panel is individually fixed to h ll in a manner which does not impede the expansion of References Cited the wall.
UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,193,272 7/1965 Kramer et a1. 266/36 P 6 Claims, 7 Drawing Figures PAIENTEDHARZS 1914 3; 799' 524 sum 1 or 2 FIG. 2
COOLING ARRANGEMENT FOR A CONVERTER VESSEL WALL The present invention relates toconverters for making steel which are constituted essentially by a cylindrical vessel whose metallic wall has an interior refractory lining and which is supported by two diametrically opposed trunnions permitting the vessel to be pivoted about a horizontal axis. The vessel wall is generally of a carbon steel making it possible to effectuate necessary soldering at assembly or for on-site repairs, without requiring special operat ing conditions. Therefore, its temperature during operation must be limited to about 300C. to 350C. to avoid damage.
However, the vessel wall is heated during operations by heat radiation from hot gases, pockets of steel and slag, and jets of metal. This heat radiation not only raises the temperature of the vessel wall but also causes dissymetries in the temperature of the wall which cause local deformations, particularly near the nose of the converter vessel and in the regions adjacent the output port.
In addition, the metal wall. of the vessel is heated through the refractory lining by the heat emanating from the molten metal in the vessel. The amout of this heat depends on the thickness of the liningwhich, in turn, is a function of its wear.
Therefore, it is necessary not only to shield the vessel wall from the radiated heat but also to cool it so as to remove the heat coming from the metal melt.
It has been proposed to effectuate cooling by air or water circulation. Air cooling is generally not efficient enough. Water cooling requires huge amounts of water because of the heavy losses through evaporation and,
furthermore, involves dangers of explosion by acciden tial entry of water into the vessel. This latter danger exists particularly in case the cooling water is circulated through tubes soldered to the wall since the latter may burst because of different expansion occurring at different points of the wall.
The primary object of this invention is to overcome the disadvantages in the conventional cooling arrangements for converter vessel walls.
According to the invention, the cooling arrangement for a converter vessel wall is constituted essentially by cooled panels disposed side-by-side on the converter vessel wall and in direct contact therewith, each panel being individually fixed to the wall in a manner which does not impede the expansion of the wall.
The panels may be constituted by tubes soldered to each other and holding a cooling fluid circulating therethrough, which cooling fluid may be water, for example. Alternatively, the panels may be molded hematite pig iron plates having embedded therein tubes through which the cooling fluid circulates. The panels may take the form of the vessel wall, i.e. they may conform thereto, or they may comprise little faces or facets soldered together. The panels may be arranged in a single row or in several superposed rows.
Each panel has an inlet port and an outlet port for the cooling fluid which are connected to a common supply and collector, respectively. Preferably, the panels are connected in parallel series.
Cooling fluid flow regulation means, such as. calibrated orifices or valves, are preferably provided to control the flow of cooling fluid through each panel.
The above and other features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of now preferred embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing wherein FIG. 1 is a vertical section of a portion of a converter vessel wall with a cooling arrangement according to this invention;
FIG. 2 is a side elevational view of the converter vessel wall of FIG. 1, viewed from the left of this figure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view showing the disposition of the cooling panels on one half of the converter vessel wall, and the circulation of the cooling fluid through the panels;
FIG. 4 is a view similar to FIG. 1 of another embodiment;
FIG. 5 illustrates the mounting of the panels on the walls;
FIG. 6 is a partial side elevational view in the direction of arrow 6 of FIG. 5; and
FIG. 7 is similar to FIG. 3 in the arrangement of FIG. 4.
Referring now to the drawing, the metallic converter vessel wall 12 is shown lined with refractory lining 14 in FIG. 1. The vessel is supported for rotation about a horizontal axis on a support ring 1l6 which is engaged in the conventional manner by two diametrically opposed trunnions (not shown).
The upper portion of the metallic vessel wall is covered by two superposed rows of cooling panels 26 and 28, each row having a dozen panels in the illustrated embodiment. Of course, different numbers of panels may be used, generally depending on the size of the vessel.
As indicated hereinabove, each panel may consist of a molded or cast hematite pig iron plate into which have been worked cooling channels, for instance tubes embedded in the pig iron mass, or of a multiplicity of tubes of circular or square cross section which are soldered together side-by-side.
The panels may be shaped in the form of a portion of a conical surface to conform to the shape of the vessel wall. However, they may also comprise flat narrow panel elements which are so soldered to each other that they form a portion of a pyramidal surface tangent to the conical vessel wall along a plurality of generatrices.
The panels are in contact with the wall 12 and are individually fixed thereto by known means permitting the wall to expand freely in respect to the panels so as to avoid stresses on the panels by the expansion of the wall. Such stresses may cause the panels to rupture or break when their expansion differs from that of the wall. For instance, the panels may be mounted with play or loosely on pins soldered to the vessel wall.
As shown in FIG. 1, the vase of the lower row of panels 26 is angled away from the vessel wall to form flap 30 for protecting the support ring 16.
Each panel has an inlet port and an outlet port for cooling fluid, for instance water. These ports permit the fluid circulating channels in the cooling panels to be connected to semi-circular mains 22 and 24 which surround the vessel and are disposed below the lower row of panels and above the upper row of panels.
One end of the four mains 22 is connected to a cooling fluid supply conduit 18 passing through one of the trunnions, which is hollow. Similarly, the opposite end of the four mains 24 is connected to an outlet conduit which passes through the other trunnion and is also hollow. All the panels of a half row are arranged in parallel between the mains to which they are connected. Calibrated orifices at the entrance of the cooling channels of each panel permit the equal distribution of the cooling fluid flow through all the panels connected to the same main. Valves may additionally be provided to regulate the cooling fluid flow through each individual panel ao that individual panels may be replaced without interfering with the cooling fluid circulation in the remainder of the arrangement.
In the embodiment of FIGS. 4 to 7, a single row of panels 40 is mounted on the converter vessel wall 12 with its refractory lining 14. The vessel is again mounted for rotation about a horizontal axis on support ring 16'. The panels are of the same general construction as in the above-described embodiment.
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the panels are hung on the vessel wall by means of cotter pins 46 which are soldered to the wall. The cotter pins are engaged in holes adjacent the upper corners of each panel, one of the holes being elongated to form a slot to permit the circumferential expansion of the vessel wall in respect of the panels. The outwardly bent base of the panels rests on support 48 which is integral with the vessel wall 12', fingers 50, which are soldered to the rear face of the panel base, resiliently supporting the panels on this support. A play between the fingers and the support permits the axial expansion of the vessel wall in respect of the panels.
The inlet ports of the panels 40 are connected to supply mains 42 receiving cooling fluid through inlet conduit 18' while the fluid is evacuated through outlet mains 44. All four mains form a semi-circle at the base of the panels 42.
While the invention has been described and illustrated in connection with specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood that many modifications and variations may occur to those skilled inthe art, particularly after benefitting from the present teaching. without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention as defined in the appended claims.
I claim: 1. A cooling arrangement for the external wall of a converter vessel, constituted essentially by cooled panels disposed side-by-side on the converter vessel wall and in direct contact therewith, each panel being individually and detachably fixed to the wall in a manner which does not impede the thermal expansion of the wall, the panels being arranged in at least one row covering an annular portion of the wall, and a cooling fluid circulation system for circulating a cooling fluid through the interior of the panels.
2. The cooling arrangement of claim 1, wherein the panels are shaped to conform to the wall.
3. The cooling arrangement of claim 1, the converter vessel having a nose and a support ring, the annular portion extending between the support ring and the nose of the vessel.
4. The cooling arrangement of claim 3, wherein the base of the panels in the row adjacent the esupport ring form a protecting flap bent outwardly from the vessel wall.
5. The cooling arrangement of claim 1, wherein the cooling fluid circulation system comprises channels within each panel, a fluid inlet port and a fluid outlet port in each panel, a cooling fluid supply main connected to the inlet ports, and a cooling fluid evacuation main connected to the outlet ports.
6. The cooling arrangement of claim 5, wherein the panels are connected to the mains in parallel.

Claims (6)

1. A cooling arrangement for the external wall of a converter vessel, constituted essentially by cooled panels disposed sideby-side on the converter vessel wall and in direct contact therewith, each panel being individually and detachably fixed to the wall in a manner which does not impede the thermal expansion of the wall, the panels being arranged in at least one row covering an annular portion of the wall, and a cooling fluid circulation system for circulating a cooling fluid through the interior of the panels.
2. The cooling arrangement of claim 1, wherein the panels are shaped to conform to the wall.
3. The cooling arrangement of claim 1, the converter vessel having a nose and a support ring, the annular portion extending between the support ring and the nose of the vessel.
4. The cooling arrangement of claim 3, wherein the base of the panels in the row adjacent the esupport ring form a protecting flap bent outwardly from the vessel wall.
5. The cooling arrangement of claim 1, wherein the cooling fluid circulation system comprises channels within each panel, a fluid inlet port and a fluid outlet port in each panel, a cooling fluid supply main connected to the inlet ports, and a cooling fluid evacuation main connected to the outlet ports.
6. The cooling arrangement of claim 5, wherein the panels are connected to the mains in parallel.
US00268470A 1971-07-05 1972-07-03 Cooling arrangement for a converter vessel wall Expired - Lifetime US3799524A (en)

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JP (1) JPS5544128B1 (en)
AT (1) ATA578172A (en)
BE (1) BE785895A (en)
BR (1) BR7204444D0 (en)
DE (1) DE2232815A1 (en)
ES (1) ES404504A1 (en)
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GB (1) GB1368395A (en)
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3963223A (en) * 1973-07-23 1976-06-15 Vereinigte Osterreichische Eisen- Und Stahlwerke-Alpine Montan Aktiengesellschaft Metallurgical vessel, in particular a converter
US4014530A (en) * 1975-08-01 1977-03-29 Demag Aktiengesellschaft Protective nozzle for metallurgic vessels, particularly for steel mill converters
US4149706A (en) * 1976-03-08 1979-04-17 Hoogovens Ijmuiden, B.V. Slag shield for a steel converter
US4230307A (en) * 1977-09-26 1980-10-28 O'okiep Copper Company Limited Cooling apparatus for copper converter opening
US20110088871A1 (en) * 2008-02-08 2011-04-21 Sms Siemag Ag Cooling Element for Cooling the Fireproof Lining of a Metallurgical Furnace (AC,DC)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL7602385A (en) * 1976-03-08 1977-09-12 Hoogovens Ijmuiden Bv SNAIL SHIELD FOR A STEEL CONVERTER.
PL220170A1 (en) * 1979-12-06 1981-06-19 Politechnika Slaska Im Wincent
DE19730250C1 (en) * 1997-07-08 1998-08-06 Mannesmann Ag Steelworks converter with cap cooling

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3193272A (en) * 1962-07-02 1965-07-06 Pintsch Bamag Ag Converter for steel plants
US3304075A (en) * 1962-12-14 1967-02-14 Voest Ag Crucible or converter
US3381951A (en) * 1965-10-12 1968-05-07 Combustion Eng Insulating arrangement to protect the trunnion ring and walls of a basic oxygen vessel
US3687436A (en) * 1970-07-28 1972-08-29 Kaiser Ind Corp Cooling apparatus for converter

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5411363Y2 (en) * 1974-10-04 1979-05-23

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3193272A (en) * 1962-07-02 1965-07-06 Pintsch Bamag Ag Converter for steel plants
US3304075A (en) * 1962-12-14 1967-02-14 Voest Ag Crucible or converter
US3381951A (en) * 1965-10-12 1968-05-07 Combustion Eng Insulating arrangement to protect the trunnion ring and walls of a basic oxygen vessel
US3687436A (en) * 1970-07-28 1972-08-29 Kaiser Ind Corp Cooling apparatus for converter

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3963223A (en) * 1973-07-23 1976-06-15 Vereinigte Osterreichische Eisen- Und Stahlwerke-Alpine Montan Aktiengesellschaft Metallurgical vessel, in particular a converter
US4014530A (en) * 1975-08-01 1977-03-29 Demag Aktiengesellschaft Protective nozzle for metallurgic vessels, particularly for steel mill converters
US4149706A (en) * 1976-03-08 1979-04-17 Hoogovens Ijmuiden, B.V. Slag shield for a steel converter
US4230307A (en) * 1977-09-26 1980-10-28 O'okiep Copper Company Limited Cooling apparatus for copper converter opening
US20110088871A1 (en) * 2008-02-08 2011-04-21 Sms Siemag Ag Cooling Element for Cooling the Fireproof Lining of a Metallurgical Furnace (AC,DC)

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IT956991B (en) 1973-10-10
BE785895A (en) 1972-11-03
ES404504A1 (en) 1975-06-01
GB1368395A (en) 1974-09-25
ATA578172A (en) 1976-10-15
DE2232815A1 (en) 1973-01-18
FR2144547B1 (en) 1974-03-29
LU65647A1 (en) 1972-10-30
JPS5544128B1 (en) 1980-11-11
BR7204444D0 (en) 1973-07-17
FR2144547A1 (en) 1973-02-16

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