US3799246A - Induction terminal unit for air-conditioning systems - Google Patents

Induction terminal unit for air-conditioning systems Download PDF

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Publication number
US3799246A
US3799246A US00158766A US15876671A US3799246A US 3799246 A US3799246 A US 3799246A US 00158766 A US00158766 A US 00158766A US 15876671 A US15876671 A US 15876671A US 3799246 A US3799246 A US 3799246A
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United States
Prior art keywords
plenum
air
conditioned air
coil
plenums
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US00158766A
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English (en)
Inventor
G Osheroff
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FLUIDTECH CORP
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FLUIDTECH CORP
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Priority to BE785679D priority Critical patent/BE785679A/fr
Application filed by FLUIDTECH CORP filed Critical FLUIDTECH CORP
Priority to US00158766A priority patent/US3799246A/en
Priority to CA144,378A priority patent/CA970565A/en
Priority to DE2231684A priority patent/DE2231684A1/de
Priority to GB3033172A priority patent/GB1381405A/en
Priority to NL7209173A priority patent/NL7209173A/xx
Priority to FR7223702A priority patent/FR2143921B3/fr
Priority to BR4330/72A priority patent/BR7204330D0/pt
Priority to IT51277/72A priority patent/IT960916B/it
Priority to SE7208750A priority patent/SE7208750L/xx
Priority to US00334124A priority patent/US3841392A/en
Priority to US33413273 priority patent/US3853173A/en
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Publication of US3799246A publication Critical patent/US3799246A/en
Assigned to CITICORP INDUSTRIAL CREDIT INC. reassignment CITICORP INDUSTRIAL CREDIT INC. SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SNYDERGENERAL CORPORATION
Assigned to CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC. reassignment CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC. SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: SNYDERGENERAL CORPORATION, A MN CORP.
Assigned to MCQUAY INC., A CORP. OF MINNESOTA, SNYDERGENERAL CORPORATION, A CORP. OF MINNESOTA reassignment MCQUAY INC., A CORP. OF MINNESOTA RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC.
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Assigned to SNYDERGENERAL CORPORATION A CORP. OF DELAWARE reassignment SNYDERGENERAL CORPORATION A CORP. OF DELAWARE RELEASE BY SECOND PARTY OF A SECURITY AGREEMENT RECORDED AT REEL 5013 FRAME 592. Assignors: CITICORP NORTH AMERICA, INC. A CORP. OF DELAWARE
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/81—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the air supply to heat-exchangers or bypass channels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/01—Control of temperature without auxiliary power
    • G05D23/13—Control of temperature without auxiliary power by varying the mixing ratio of two fluids having different temperatures
    • G05D23/138—Control of temperature without auxiliary power by varying the mixing ratio of two fluids having different temperatures for gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15C—FLUID-CIRCUIT ELEMENTS PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR COMPUTING OR CONTROL PURPOSES
    • F15C1/00—Circuit elements having no moving parts
    • F15C1/008—Other applications, e.g. for air conditioning, medical applications, other than in respirators, derricks for underwater separation of materials by coanda effect, weapons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15C—FLUID-CIRCUIT ELEMENTS PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR COMPUTING OR CONTROL PURPOSES
    • F15C1/00—Circuit elements having no moving parts
    • F15C1/02—Details, e.g. special constructional devices for circuits with fluid elements, such as resistances, capacitive circuit elements; devices preventing reaction coupling in composite elements ; Switch boards; Programme devices
    • F15C1/04—Means for controlling fluid streams to fluid devices, e.g. by electric signals or other signals, no mixing taking place between the signal and the flow to be controlled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15C—FLUID-CIRCUIT ELEMENTS PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR COMPUTING OR CONTROL PURPOSES
    • F15C1/00—Circuit elements having no moving parts
    • F15C1/08—Boundary-layer devices, e.g. wall-attachment amplifiers coanda effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/01—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station in which secondary air is induced by injector action of the primary air
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/206—Flow affected by fluid contact, energy field or coanda effect [e.g., pure fluid device or system]
    • Y10T137/212—System comprising plural fluidic devices or stages
    • Y10T137/2125—Plural power inputs [e.g., parallel inputs]

Definitions

  • the 161/26 39 fluidic control system permits a simplification in the construction of the unit as well as a more efficient and [56] References cued effective operation of it.
  • FLUlDlC B PAss PLENUM L l I gONlROL 9 I 5 i I Y5 EM c011 PLENUM ⁇ O I I 11111111,,15
  • the present invention relates to air-conditioning systems in general and more particularly relates to an improved induction-type terminal unit for airconditioning systems.
  • the terminal unit is the mechanism or the device through and by means of which the hot or cold air is fed into the room or zone to be conditioned.
  • Terminal units are very widely used and there are a number of different kinds.
  • One such device is known as an induction terminal unit and it is called this because a major portion of the conditioned air fed into the room or zone to be conditioned is ambient air that has been sucked or induced into the terminal unit where it is either cooled or heated before being returned to the room or zone.
  • cold or hot air depending on whether the room or zone to be conditioned is to be cooled or heated, is ducted at a relatively high velocity to and through the unit into the room or zone. Because of its velocity, the already conditioned air creates a partial vacuum or, stated differently, it produces a zone of reduced pressure in the unit, with the result that ambient air is pulled or induced into the unit. Furthermore, the terminal unit is so designed that the ambient air entering it is forced to pass over a coil through which either cold or hot water is circulated, depending, of course, on whether the room or zone to be conditioned is to be cooled or heated.
  • the ambient air is either cooled or heated, after which it'mixes with the high velocity ducted air and passes into the room or zone with it.
  • a baffle in the terminal unit is opened, thereby providing a second path for the ambient air that bypasses the coil.
  • the ambient air is not cooled or heated before it mixes with the relatively small percent of ducted conditioned air, with the result that the room or zone is now no longer supposed to be conditioned.
  • baffle doesnt fully open so that instead of providing a low impedance bypass path for the ambient air, the baffle, in fact, continues to present a significant impedance. Consequently, as between the two paths available to the ambient air, namely, the path through the coil and the bypass path provided by the baffle, a significant portion of the ambient air continues to flow past the coil and thereby continues to be cooled or heated, which means that the room or zone continues to be conditioned. Thus, the baffle is not an effective means for turning the airconditioning off.
  • the present invention overcomes the abovementioned and other disadvantages of the induction terminal units found in the prior art and it does so by ambient air between the two paths.
  • the introduction of a pure fluid control system makes still other improvements possible in the construction of the terminal unit, such as, for example, the elimination of the baffle and the almost complete isolation of the bypass path from the path through the coil. Since pure fluid devices do not involve any moving parts and because of the greatly simplified construction of these units, it will be recognized by those skilled in the art that the present invention greatly reduces the manufacturingand/or maintenance costs of this type unit.
  • a further advantage that needs to be mentioned is that a fluidic control system acts or operates faster than the mechanical control systems previously used, with the result that induction terminal units according to the present invention react or respond more rapidly to changing environmental conditions.
  • PKG. l is a block diagram of an air-conditioning system illustrating the basic features and principles of an induction terminal unit according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating the basic construction of one embodiment of an induction-type airconditioning terminal unit according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of the FIG. 2 embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating one arrangement of a fluidic control system that may be used in an induction terminal unit according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating another arrangement of a fluidic control system that may be used in an induction terminal unit according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5(a) is a schematic diagram of the thermostatic apparatus used in the FIG. 5 system showing the thermostatic valves in one extreme condition, namely, one in which one of the valves is closed and the other fully open;
  • FIG. 5(b) is a schematic diagram of the same thermostatic apparatus showing the thermostatic valves in another extreme condition, namely, one in which the other of the valves is closed and the first valve fully open;
  • FIG. 6 is a side view of another embodiment of an induction terminal unit according to the present invention in which twin coils are used, the figure also including a schematic diagram of one type of fluidic apparatus that may be used to control the operation of this embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 a basic block diagram of an airconditioning system thatincorporates a terminal unit according to the present invention is illustrated.
  • the air-conditioning system services a plurality of rooms or zones, but only the first and the last of these rooms or zones, respectively designated R and R,, are shown in the figure.
  • Each room or zone has mounted within it, or coupled to it, an induction terminal unit generally designated 10, each such terminal unit, in turn, basically comprising a coil plenum 1 l and a bypass plenum 12.
  • Both plenums include means by which ambient air can enter or flow into them, such as a screen or grill of some sort, the means associated with coil plenum 11 being indicated or represented by the arrows designated 13 and the means associated with bypass plenum 12 being indicted or represented by the arrows designated 14.
  • Arrows 13 and 14 may, when necessary, also indicate or represent the flow of ambient air into the respective plenums.
  • the outputs of plenums 1 l and 12 are respectively designated 15 and 16.
  • each coil plenum also has a coil mounted therein in such a location and manner that any ambient air flowing into the plenum must first pass through or over the coil, thereby becoming heated or cooled depending, respectively, on whether the coil is a heating coil or a cooling coil.
  • a cooling coil is one through which a coolant flows, such as cold water
  • a heating coil for example, is one in which hot water flows.
  • it is a simple matter and a common practice to selectively feed either hot or cold water into these coils, for example, hot water when the weather is cold and cold water when the weather is hot. In this way, as will be seen, these terminal units can be used to condition a room or zone in all kinds of weather.
  • a fluidic control system 17 which, as its name implies, comprises one or more fluidic or pure fluid amplifier devices arranged and adapted to control the operation of the terminal unit in response to the action of a thermovalve therein.
  • Each fluidic control system has an input channel 18 by means of which already conditioned air, either hot or cold, is fed into it and a pair of output or outlet channels l9 and 20 by means of which this previously conditioned air is directed to one or the other of the plenums, as determined by the aforementioned thermovalve.
  • outlet channel 19 is coupled to coil plenum ill and outlet channel 20 is coupled to bypass plenum 112.
  • Completing the air-conditioning system illustrated in FIG. 1 is a system fan 2! that provides air under pressure to the system, a supply duct 22 by means of which air supplied by the fan is directed to the proximity of the rooms or zones to be conditioned, and apparatus 23 by means of which the air entering the supply duct is either heated or cooled depending on whether the system is, at the time, a heating or cooling system.
  • supply duct 22 ultimately leads to input channels 118 of the fluidic control systems.
  • conditioned air at a relatively high velocity is supplied by the system to duct 22 and from there it flows into fluidic control systems 17 via their respective input channels I8.
  • the conditioned air may or may not be directed to coil plenum 11 in each room or zone.
  • R the rooms or zones
  • the conditioned air in fluidic control system 17 flows through its outlet channel 19 to coil plenum 11.
  • This pre-conditioned air flows through coil plenum 11 at a relatively high velocity and then into room or zone R,, as indicated by arrow 15.
  • a low pressure area is created or produced in the plenum, what may be termed a partial vacuum, that induces ambient air in the room or zone to flow into coil plenum 11, as indicated by arrows 13.
  • the ambient air passes over the cooling coil in the plenum and is thereby cooled before it mixes with the pre-conditioned air already therein. It is this mixture of pre-conditioned air and coil-cooled ambient air that then enters and cools the room or zone.
  • bypass plenum l2 instead where, as before, it flows at relatively high velocity through the plenum and into the room or zone, as indicated by arrow 16.
  • ambient air is induced to flow into bypass plenum 12, as indicated by arrows 14, where it again mixes with the pre-conditioned air therein before passing into the room or zone.
  • the ambient air is not cooled at all before it mixes with the aforesaid pre-conditioned air but, rather, remains at room temperature.
  • the pre-conditioned air constitutes only a relatively small percent of the total air mixture, for example about 25 percent, it can be seen that when the ambient air is not cooled, such as when it passes through bypass plenum 12, the temperature of the total air mixture is then such that it will not cool the room or zone to any practicalextent.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 A more detailed view of the constructional features of induction terminal unit in FIG. 1 is illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3 to which attention is now directed.
  • Coil and bypass plenums 11 and 12, respectively, are generally designated in FIGS. 2 and 3 which clearly show that each of these plenums is, in turn, made up of a couple of plenums. More particularly, coil plenum 11 includes a first plenum 11a, a second plenum lllb that is positioned above plenum 11a and spaced from it, and a plurality of air tubes or pipes 110 that interconnect plenums 11a and 11b.
  • Plenum Illa is completely enclosed except for its near or input end which is open, whereas plenum 11b is completely enclosed except that its top and outside walls are made of a suitable screen, mesh or grill arrangement that permits air to enter and leave the plenum.
  • the open end of plenum 11a is designated 11d
  • the top wall of plenum 1 lb is designated tile
  • the outside wall of plenum 11b is designated lllf.
  • air tubes 110 while there may be as many as such tubes utilized, it will be recognized by those skilled in the art that the actual number depends upon the size of the terminal unit,'the quantity of air moving through the unit, the air pressure available, the diameter of the tubes, the allowable noise, and possibly still other'factors.
  • this plenum also includes a first plenum 12a, a second plenum 12b positioned directly above plenum 12a, the two plenums having a common wall therebetween, and a plurality of air tubes or pipes 12c that interconnect plenums 12a and 12b.
  • Plenum 12a is adjacent and parallel to plenum 11a and, like plenum 11a, plenum 12a is completely enclosed except for its near or input end which is open and designated 12d.
  • Plenum 12b is also adjacent plenum 11b but is L-shaped with the base portion of the L" protruding between plenums llla and lllb and constituting the above-mentioned space between them.
  • plenum 12b is completely enclosed except that its top and outside walls are fabricated of a suitable screen, mesh or grill arrangement that permits air to enter and leave it. As may be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3, this outside wall of plenum 12b lies between the outside walls of plenums Ila and 11b.
  • the top wall of plenum 12b is designated ll2e and its referred-to outside wall is designated 12f.
  • Coil 24 is mounted in plenum 11b immediately behind outside wall 11f so that ambient air passing through the wall comes into contact with the coil to be either heated or cooled by it, as previously mentioned.
  • the actual means by which the water (or other fluid) is fed to the coil does not form a part of this invention and, furthermore, has been very well known in the prior art for a long time. Accordingly, no description of any such means is deemed necessary here.
  • pre-conditioned air In its operation, when pre-conditioned air enters plenum 11a, it is forced by the air pressure therein to flow through tubes lllc into plenum 11b where it rises at a relatively high velocity until it ultimately passes through plenum wall He into the room or zone being conditioned.
  • plenum lllb which, in turn, causes ambient air, that is to say, air in the room or zone, to flow toward and into this low pressure region.
  • this ambient air is brought into contact with coil 24 which either heats or cools it before'it mixes with the pre-conditioned air already in the plenum. The mixture then moves together through the plenum and into the room or zone.
  • the pre-conditioned air is hot air, then the coil will heat the ambient air and if the pre-conditioned air is cold air,'then the coil will cool the ambient air.
  • the preconditioned air constitutes only a relatively small percent of the overall mixture and the ambient air a major portion of it, the temperature of the air in the room or zoneisnow no longer being affected to any practical extent by the air coming through wall 12c.
  • the ambient air continues to take this bypass path so long as the preconditioned air is directed into plenum 12a and this will be done until the room or zone needs to be conditioned again, at which time the flow of the pre-conditioned air will again be switched to plenum 11a by the fluidic control system.
  • FIG. 4 One type of fluidic control system is schematically illustrated in FIG. 4 and it includes a bistable fluid amplifier device 25, a thermostat 26 and a pair of thermostatically-controlled solenoids 27a and 27b that are mounted or coupled to the fluid amplifier device itself. As will be seen below and understood by those skilled in the art, the thermostat and the solenoids together form a thermovalve that controls the operation of the fluid amplifier.
  • bistable fluid amplifier device 25 such devices, which are well known, include an inlet channel 25 through which the stream of preconditioned air flows from supply duct 22, a pair of outlet channels respectively designated 25b and 250 through which the air that enters inlet channel 25a selectively flows to plenums 11a and 12a, and a pair of control channels respectively designated 25d and 25s by means of which the abovesaid stream of air can be controlled so as to selectively direct the air to one or the other of the outlet channels.
  • inlet channel 25a connects with supply duct 22
  • outlet channel 25b connects with plenum 120, as is indicated by the output arrow designated 12a
  • outlet channel 250 connects with plenum 11a, asis indicated by the output arrow designated 11a.
  • Solenoids 27a and 27b are respectively mounted over the openings leading into control channels 25d and 252 and, as shown in the figure, they are also connected to thermostat 26.
  • the temperature in the room or zone is such that the thermostat causes solenoid 27b to be activated so as to close the opening or entrance to control channel 25e.
  • the pre-conditioned air entering inlet channel 25a and passing through the device is directed to outlet channel 25c which, as was previously explained, feeds the preconditioned air into plenum 11a in the terminal unit.
  • the amplifier device If the pre-conditioned air is cold air, the amplifier device will be triggered into this state when the thermostat is set at a temperature that is lower than the temperature in the room or zone. On the other hand, if the pre-conditioned air is hot air, the amplifier device will be triggered into this state when the thermostat is set at a temperature that is higher than the ambient temperature.
  • amplifier device 25 Since amplifier device 25 is of the bistable kind, the stream of pre-conditioned air will continue to flow to outlet channel 25c and from there to plenum 11a until the temperature in the room or zone being conditioned reaches the temperature at which the thermostat is set. At this point, thermostat 26 causes solenoid 27b to be de-activated and solenoid 27a to be activated instead, which means, respectively, that the entrance to control channel 25e is now open once again and the entrance to control channel 25d closed. When this occurs, the stream of pre-conditioned air is switched from outlet channel 25c to outlet channel 25b and, therefore, from plenum 11a to plenum 12a. The conditioned air will continue to flow to outlet channel 25b until the relative temperature conditions are once again such as to switch it back again to outlet channel 250, thereby completing the cycle.
  • FIG. 5 Another type of fluidic control system that can be used with induction terminal units of the present invention and which has an entirely different effect on them is shown in FIG. 5.
  • two fluidic amplifiers and a thermovalve are arranged to form an oscillator that alternately applies pulses of conditioned air to plenums 1 la and 12a, first to plenum 11a and then to plenum 12a, the length or duration of the respective pulses at any one time being determined by the condition of the thermovalve at that time.
  • the pulses of conditioned air applied to plenums 11a and 120 may be of equal duration, that is to say, the air is divided equally between them, the duration of the pulses delivered to plenum 11a may be longer than those delivered to plenum 12a, or the duration of the pulses delivered to plenum 1 la may be less than those delivered to plenum 12a. In any event, the pulses may or may not be of equal duration depending on temperature conditions.
  • Amplifier 28 includes an inlet channel 28a through which the stream of conditioned air flows from the air-conditioning system's supply duc't, a pair of outlet channels respectively designated 28b and 280 by means of which the conditioned air that enters inlet channel 28a selectively flows either to plenum 11a or toplenum 12a, a pair of control channels respectively designated 28d and 28e by means of which the abovesaid stream of air can be controlled so as to selectively direct the air to one or the other of the outlet channels, and a chamber 25f located between the inlet and outlet channels and through which the stream of air must pass in going from the inlet channel to the outlet channels.
  • control channels 25d and 25e respectively lead to opposite sides of chamber 25f in order to exercise the desired control over the air flow, as is well known and under-,
  • Fluidic amplifier 29 is coupled between the inlet and outlet channels of amplifier 28 as well as to its control channels, and, like amplifier 28, includes an inlet channel 29a, a pair of outlet channels 29b and 29c, and a pair of control channels 29d and 292. It also includes a chamber between its input and output channels but because the second amplifier is schematically illustrated, the chamber here cannot be presented. Suffice it to say, therefore, that control channels 29d and 29e are likewise coupled to opposite sides of this chamber in order to exercise the control on the air flowing through this second amplifier necessary to direct the flow to one or the other of its outlet channels 29b and 29c.
  • inlet channel 29a is coupled to inlet channel 28a so that a small percentage of the air entering inlet channel 280 is tapped off and enters inlet channel 29a.
  • outlet channels 29b and 290 respectively connect to control channels 28d and 282, with the result that air entering one or the other of outlet channels 29b and 290 will flow into and ultimately through its associated control channel to chamber 28f.
  • the FIG. 5 system includes a pair of Pitot tubes 30a and 30b respectively mounted in outlet channels 28b and-28c and, as shown by the broken lines in the figure, these Pitot tubes are respectively connected to control channels 29d and 292. These Pitot tubes are also respectively connected or coupled to a pair of thermostatically-controlled air escape valves 31a and 31b, the thermovalve as a whole being designated 31.
  • the thermovalve which is located in the room or zone to be conditioned, includes the well known bi-metallic coiled strip 310 which moves in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction according to temperature conditions.
  • thermovalve also includes a pair of leaf or cantilever type spring members 3111 and 312 on which are respectively mounted a pair of stops or elements 3lfand 31g by means of which the valves 31a and 31b are closed and opened.
  • members 31d and 31c are attached or affixed at one of their ends to the free end of bi-metallic strip 31c, the stops or elements 31f and 313 being mounted intermediate the ends of these cantilevered members and in alignment with valves 31a and 31b.
  • one or the other of escape valves 31a and 31b is closed or open depending upon the position of bi-metallic strip 310, but in no event will both of them be open simultaneously. However, both may be closed simultaneously. Further details concerning the construction and operation of thermovalve 31 will be provided as needed hereinbelow in connection with the described operation of the FIG. fluidic control system.
  • outlet channel 28b leads to plenum 12a, as indicated by the arrow marked 12a
  • outlet channel 280 leads to plenum 11a, as indicated by the arrow marked 11a
  • the conditioned air flowing through the device is initially exiting through outlet channel 280 and, therefore, going to plenum Ila.
  • the conditioned air flowing through amplifier 29 is exiting through outlet channel 2% and from this outlet channel to control channel 28d.
  • thermovalve 31c in its center position, that is to say, in the position shown in FIG. 5, with the result that valves 31a and 31b are both fully closed.
  • bi-metallic strip 31c is in said center position and valves 31a and 3117 are both closed when the temperature at which the thermovalve is set is substantially the same as the ambient temperature of the air in the room or zone in which the terminal unit is located.
  • thermovalve strip 310 is centered and both valves thereby closed.
  • the two fluidic devices and the thermovalve cooperate to produce a pulsed oscillation in which the main air stream switches back and forth equally between outlet channels 28b and 280 and, therefore, equally between plenums 111i and 12a.
  • the pulses are of equal duration.
  • bi-metallic strip 31c is in its extreme counterclockwise position, as is illustrated in FIG. 5(a).
  • valve 31a is closed and valve 31b is totally open.
  • the conditioned air is initially exiting through outlet channel 280 to plenum llla. Accordingly, a small portion of the air flowing in outlet channel 28c is picked up by Pitot tube 30b and fed back by it both to control channel 29d and valve 31b.
  • valve 31b is completely open, this air that is fed back escapes through the valve, with the result that very little if any of this air enters control channel 29d.
  • valve 31b does not remain completely open for too long a time under these conditions, but what happens when valve 31b is neither fully closed nor fully open but, rather, somewhere in between, will be taken up later.
  • valve 31a is now fully open and valve 3lb completely closed, and assuming again that the conditioned air is initially exiting through outlet channel 280, a small portion of theair flowing through outlet channel 280 is picked up by Pitot tube 3% and, as before, fed back to control channel 29d and valve 31b.
  • valve 31b is closed, with the result that the air fed back by Pltot tube 30b now enters control channel 29d to cause the stream of air in amplifier 29 to switch from outlet channel 29b to outlet channel 29c.
  • this second stream of air is directed through control channel 282 into chamber 28f wherein it impinges against the main air stream flowing through amplifier amplifier to cause it to switch from outlet channel 28c to outlet channel 28b and from thence to plenum 12a.
  • the main stream of air now flowing in outlet channel 28b Pitot tube 30a picks up a small portion of this air and feeds it back to control channel 2% and valve 31a.
  • valve 310 is now completely open, the air fed back to it escapes through it, with the result that very little if any of this air actually enters control channel 2%.
  • valve 311 Under these conditions, namely, with valve 311; completely closed and valve 31a fully open, 100 percent of the conditioned air goes to plenum 12a and 0 percent goes to plenum 11 a.
  • valve 311a doesnt remain fully open for very long but, rather, moves toward some condition that is intermediate being fully open or closed.
  • valves 31a and 31b both closed, with valve 311a fully open and valve 3th closed, and with valve 31a closed and valve Bib fully open, and it was explained that when both valves are closed, the embodiment oscillates with equal pulses of air alternately being directed through outlet channels 28b and 280, that when valve 31b is fully open, the air flows in a D.C. (Direct Current) pattern through outlet channel 280, and that when valve 31a is fully open the air flows in a DC. pattern through outlet channel 28b. It was also explained that the two last mentioned conditions dont remain that way very long and that after awhile an intermediate condition is reached as determined by temperature conditions in the room or zone being conditioned.
  • D.C. Direct Current
  • valve 31a With the main air stream now flowing in outlet channel 28b, some air will be fed back by Pitot tube 30a, as already mentioned. However, with valve 31a closed, the air immediately enters control channel 2% and, as previously described in detail, this quickly leads to the main air stream being switched back to outlet channel 280. Hence, with valve 31a closed and valve 31b being neither closed nor fully open, that is to say, with valve 31b only partially open, once again a pulsed or pulse modulated operation exists but this time, however, the pulses are not of equal duration as they were when both valves were closed.
  • the relative pulse durations at any one time will depend on the position of strip 310 at that time which, in turn, will depend on the temperature conditions in the room or zone to be conditioned at said time.
  • the air exiting from outlet channels 28b and 28c may be doing so at an 80 to 20 ratio, 80 percent of the air through outlet channel 28c and 20 percent of the air through outlet channel 28b, or in a 60 to 40 ratio, 60 percent of the air through outlet channel 28c and 40 percent of it through outlet channel 28b, etc., the particular ratio of these pulses of air at any time depending on how nearly the thermostatic conditions of the room or zone to be conditioned are satisfied.
  • an induction terminal unit that incorporates a fluidic control system of the kind shown in FIG. 5 is one that is self-regulating in the sense that the operation of the unit will automatically adjust itself to maintain the ambient temperature, that is to say, the temperature of the room or zone, as nearly equal as possible to the temperature at which the thermovalve is set. More particularly, as was previously explained, equal pulses of air are directed to plenums 11a and 12a when the ambient temperature is the same as the temperature setting of the thermovalve. If this condition or state of operation is adequate to keep the ambient temperature at the temperature setting of the thermovalve, then the air out of the fluidic control system will continue to be divided equally between the plenums.
  • the ambient temperature will begin to shift after awhile, and when this occurs the unit will automatically compensate for this shift by increasing the duration of the pulses to one plenum or the other to bring the ambient temperature back to the temperature setting of the thermovalve. For example, if the ambient temperature should rise above the temperature setting of the thermovalve, then in that event the duration of the pulses of cold air to plenum llla will correspondingly increase and the ambient temperature will begin to decline. On the other hand, if the ambient temperature should fall below the temperature setting of the thermovalve, then in that event the duration of the pulses of cold air to plenum 11a will correspondingly decrease and the ambient temperature will then ultimately rise.
  • an induction terminal unit of this kind is one that constantly seeks to maintain an equality between the ambient temperature and the temperature setting of the thermovalve.
  • FIG. 6 Another embodiment of an induction terminal unit according to the present invention, involving the use of twin coils for heating and cooling purposes and a tristable fluidic amplifier as the fluidic control system, is illustrated in FIG. 6. More particularly, this embodiment includes a first bank of three plenums 32, 33 and 34 and a second bank of three plenums 35, 36 and 37 mounted above the first bank of plenums and respectively coupled to them by means of three sets of air tubes 38, 39 and 40.
  • Plenums 3234 are the same as those previously identified as plenums 11a and 32a, and except, perhaps, for differences in length, the same may be said as to air tubes 38-40, namely, that air tubes 38-40 are like air tubes 11c and 1.20.
  • plenums 35-37 they very closely resemble plenums 11b and 12b described earlier but there are some differences that makes some further description of plenums 35-37 worthwhile.
  • plenums 35 and 36 are substantially identical with plenums lllb and 121), as can be seen from acomparison of FIGS. 3 and 6.
  • plenums 35 and 36 respectively include top walls 35a and 36a that are made of some sort of screen, mesh or grill arrangement that permits air to flow from these plenums into the room or zone in which the unit is located.
  • plenums 35 and 36 also include outside walls 35b and 36b made of the same kind of screen, mesh or grillarrangement so as to permit ambient air to enter these plenums.
  • plenum 35 has a coil 41 mounted in it just inside wall 35b so that any ambient air entering the plenum through said wall will come into contact with the coil.
  • coil 41 may be either a cooling or heating coil, it will be considered to be a cooling coil throughout the description that follows.
  • plenums 35 and 36 are respectively interconnected or intercoupled with plenums 32 and 33 by air tubes 38 and 39.
  • plenum 37 this plenum has the same generally L-shaped configuration as plenum 36 and is interconnected or intercoupled with plenum 34 by means of air tubes 40.
  • the top and'side walls of plenum 37 also made of suitable screen, mesh or grill materials of some sort, are respectively designated 37a and 37b and, as can be seen from the drawing, top walls 35a-37a, together with the elements that separate and support them, actually form the top wall of the terminal unit as a whole.
  • side walls 35b-37b, together with the elements that separate and support them, form a major portion of the wall of the unit facing the room or zone.
  • plenum 37 also has a heating coil 42. mounted within it that is spaced to some extent from the wall that is common between plenums 36 and 37,
  • plenum 37 also includes a baffle 37d mounted between plenum 34 and coil 42 that blocks off the rest of the plenum from this ambient air.
  • baffle 37c and coil 42 together form a wall that divides plenum 37 into two chambers 37d and 37e that are coupled to each other through coil 42.
  • plenums 35 and 37 are coil plenums whereas plenum 36 is a bypass plenum. It will also be recognized that plenums 35 and 36 are utilized when the room or zone is to be cooled, and that plenums 37 and 36 are utilized when the room or zone is to be warmed or heated.
  • the terminal unit in FIGS. 2 and 3 employs a single coil plenum and, therefore, a single coil for both heating and cooling by selectively circulating hot or cold water through it
  • the HO. 6 unit utilizes two coil plenums and, therefore, two coils for the same purposes, one plenum and coil being used only for cooling purposes and the other plenum and coil being used only for heating purposes.
  • preconditioned air entering plenum 32 passes via air tubes 38 into plenum 35 where the aforementioned lowpressure region is developed that attracts ambient air to it.
  • This ambient air is cooled by coil 41, the resulting mixture of preconditioned and cooled ambient air then flowing into the room or zone to cool it.
  • the preconditioned air flows into plenum 33 instead and from there into plenum 36 through which the ambient air is bypassed.
  • Ambient air is thereby sucked” or induced into plenum 37 through wall 37b.
  • This ambient air is directed by baffle 37d into chamber 37d where it is then brought into contact with coil 42 as it passes into chamber 37e to mix with the preconditioned air already therein.
  • the mixture of hot preconditioned and ambient air then passes through wall 37a and into the room or zone to heat it.
  • the pre-conditioned air is directed to plenum 33 and, as previously explained, the ambient air then flows instead through plenum 36 to thereby bypass the coil. Since the ambient air is now not being heated and since the ambient air constitutes a major portion of the air passing into the room or zone, the room or zone is now no longer being conditioned to any significant extent. 4
  • a tri-stable fluidic amplifier 43 is used in the fluidic control system rather than the bistable amplifier previously described. More sepcifically, in addition to an inlet channel 43a that is coupled to supply duct 22 and a pair of control channels 43b and 430 that are coupled to a thermovalve 44, the tri-stable amplifier also includes threeoutlet channels 43d, 43c and 43f that respectively couple and feed into plenums 32, 33 and 34.
  • thermovalve 44 basically includes a coiled bi-metallic strip 44a and a pair of air valves, generally designated 44! and 44c, that are respectively coupled to control channel 43b and 43s by means of a pair of tubes or hoses 45a and 45b.
  • Thermovalve 44 is of the kind where either one or the other of air valves 44b and 440 are open, or both are open, at any one time.
  • valve 44b is open and valve 440 closed, which means that control channel 43b is open and control channel 43c is closed, the preconditioned air flowing through fluidic amplifier 43 is directed to outlet channel 43d and, therefore, to plenum 32.
  • This it will be remembered, is the condition that exists when the pre-conditioned air is cold air and when the room or zone in which the induction terminal unit is located needs to be cooled.
  • the fluidic control system determines that the room or zone needs to be cooled and directs cold air to plenum 32 in the manner just described when the temperature at which thermovalve 44 is set is lower than the ambient temperature of the room or zone.
  • valve 44b is closed and valve 440 open which, in turn, means that control channel 43b is closed and con trol channel 430 open.
  • the result of the thermovalve and the control channels being in this state is that the pre-conditioned air flowing through fluidic amplifier 43 is now directed to outlet channel 43fand from there to plenum 34, which, it will again be remembered, is the situation when the pre-conditioned air is hot air and the room or zone in which the unit is located needs to be warmed.
  • valves 44b and 44c are both open and, therefore, control channels 43b and 43c are both open, when the temperature at which thermovalve 44 is set is substantially the same as the ambient temperature.
  • the stream of pre-conditioned air flowing through the amplifier is directed to outlet channel 43e and, therefore, to plenum 33.
  • the pre-conditioned air flows to plenum 33, it will be remembered, the ambient air takes the bypass path through plenum 36 and, therefore, is neither cooled nor heated by the coils, which is exactly what is to be expected when the room or zone needs neither to be cooled nor heated.
  • a monostable fluidic amplifier could be substituted for the bistable amplifier shown there, a monostable amplifier being one that is biased so that the flow through the device is always through the same outlet channel unless something is done to switch the flow to the other one.
  • Monostable fluidic amplifier devices are very well known in the art. Since the schematic for a monostable amplifier is the same as that for a bistable one, it was not deemed necessary to provide a separate figure to show such a modification to the fluidic control system.
  • the terminal unit having coil and bypass plenums through which the ducted conditioned air selectively flows before entering the room itself, ambient air being induced to flow into the plenum through which the ducted conditioned air is flowing at any one time, the coil plenum including a coil for conditioning the ambient air, the coil being mounted in the path of the ambient air induced to flow therein: the improvement which comprises a fluidic control unit through which the ducted conditioned air flows before entering the terminal unit, said control unit including means to switch the ducted conditioned air in an oscillatory manner between the coil and bypass plenums to produce pulses of conditioned air that are alternately applied to said plenums, said control unit including further means to vary the duration of said pulses with changes in the temperature of the room, whereby the duration of the pulses of ducted conditioned air through the coil plenum increases and decreases, respectively, as
  • said fluidic control unit includes fluidic oscillator apparatus mounted between the coil and bypass plenums and the duct by means of which the conditioned air is conveyed to the terminal unit, said oscillator apparatus normally switching the conditioned air flowing therethrough back and forth between said coil and bypass plenums to produce pulses of conditioned air that are alternately applied to said plenums, said oscillator apparatus being operable to vary the duration of said pulses of conditioned air; and means responsive to room temperature conditions coupled to said oscillator apparatus for varying the duration of the pulses of conditioned air applied to said plenums, the duration of the pulses applied to said coil and bypass plenums increasing and decreasing, respectively, with changes in room temperature in one direction and decreasing and increasing, respectively, with changes in room temperature in an opposite direction.
  • said fluidic control unit includes first and second fluidic amplifier devices with each having an inlet channel, a pair of outlet channels, a control chamber between its inlet channel and its outlet channels, and a pair of control channels connecting to said control chamber, the inlet channel of said first device connecting to the source of the ducted conditioned air, the inlet channel on said second device connecting to the inlet channel of said first device, the pair of outlet channels of said first device respectively connecting to the coil and bypass plenums, and the pair of outlet channels of said second device respectively connecting to the pair of control channels of said first device; and means coupled to and between the outlet channels of said first device and the control channels of said second device for selectively applying pressures to said control channels in response to the flow of conditioned air in said outlet channels,
  • said means including thermostatically-controlled pressure devices for applying said pressures to said control channels in response to temperature variations in the room.
  • said means includes a pair of feedback channels respectively linking the pair of outlet channels of said second amplifier device, and wherein said thermostaticallycontrolled pressure devices are also coupled to said feedback channels.
  • said means further includes a pair of pressure-producing elements respectively mounted in the pair of outlet channels of said first amplifier device and respectively connected to said pair of feedback channels, said elements respectively producing air pressures in response to the flow of air in said outlet channels.
  • the terminal unit including a plenum through which the pre-conditioned air flows before entering the room itself, room air being induced to flow into the plenum wherein a coil, mounted in the path of the room air, conditions the room air before it mixes with the pre-conditioned air and thereafter fed into the room: the improvement which comprises first means for converting the steady-state stream of preconditioned air to a train of pulses of pre-conditioned air and applying themto the plenum; and second means the pre-conditioned air between pulses from the plenum, whereby said diverted air bypasses the plenum.
  • said first means is a fluidic amplifier arrangement having an input channel and a pair of outlet channels, one of said outlet channels being coupled to the plenum and said inlet channel being coupled to receive the steady-state stream of pre-conditioned air.
  • thermovalve mechanism responsive to temperature conditions in the room to switch the steady-state stream of conditioned air from said one outlet channel to the other of said outlet channels at intervals corresponding to said temperature conditions, thereby to produce said pulses of variable duration.
  • said first means is a fluidic amplifier arrangement having an input channel and a pair of outlet'channels, one of said outlet channels being coupled to the plenum and said inlet channel being coupled to receive the steady-state stream of pre-conditioned air; and wherein said second means is a thermovalve mechanism responsive to temperature conditions in the room to switch the steadystate stream of conditioned air from said one outlet channel to the other of said outlet channels at intervals corresponding to said temperature conditions, thereby to produce said pulses of variable duration.
  • an induction terminal system for each of said rooms that comprises: a terminal unit having coil and bypass plenums through which the pre condit'ioned air ducted to the room selectively flows before entering the room itself, the pre-conditioned air producing a low-pressure region in the plenum through which it is flowing at any one time, each of said plenums having an opening therein through which ambient air is induced to flow when the aforesaid pre-conditioned air is flowing therein, a coil for conditioning air being mounted in said coil plenum in the path of the ambient air induced to flow therein, said coil conditioning the ambient air entering said coil plenum before said ambient air mixes with the pre-conditioned air flowing therein; and a fluidic control unit through which the pre-conditioned air flows before entering the terminal unit, said control unit including means to switch the pre-conditioned air in an oscillatory manner between said coil and bypass plenum
  • said fluidic control unit includes fluidic oscillator apparatus mounted between said coil and bypass plenums and the duct by means of which the preconditioned air is conveyed to the terminal system, said oscillator apparatus normally switching the preconditioned air flowing therethrough back and forth between said coil and bypass plenums to produce pulses of pre-conditioned air that are alternately applied to said plenums, said oscillator apparatus being operable to vary the duration of said pulses of preconditioned air; and means responsive to room temperature conditions coupled to said oscillator apparatus for varying the duration of the pulses of preconditioned air applied to said plenums, the duration of the pulses applied to said coil and bypass plenums increasing and decreasing, respectively, with changes in room temperature in opposite direction.
  • said fluidic control unit includes first and second fluidic amplifier devices with each having an inlet channel, a pair of outlet channels, a control chamber between its inlet channel and its outlet channels, and a pair of control channels connecting to said control chamber, the inlet channel of said first device connecting to the source of the ducted pre-conditioned air, the inlet channel of said second device connecting to the inlet channel of said first device, the pair of outlet channels of said first device respectively connecting to said coil and bypass plenums, and the pair of outlet channels of said second device connecting to the inlet channel of said first device, the pair of outlet channels of said first device respectively connecting to said coil and bypass plenums, and the pair of outlet channels of said second device respectively connecting to the pair of control channels of said first device; and means coupled to and between the outlet channels of said first device and the control channels of said seconddevice for selectively applying pressures to said control channels in response to the flow of pre-conditioned air in said outlet channels, said means including thermostaticallycontrolled pressure devices for applying said pressures to said
  • said means includes a pair of feedback channels respectively linking the pair of outlet channels of said first amplifier device with the pair of control channels of said second amplifier device, and wherein said thermostatically-controlled pressure devices are also coupled to said feedback channels.
  • said means further includes a pair of pressure-producing elements respectively mounted in the pair of outlet channels of said first amplifier device and respectively connected to said pair of feedback channels, said elements respectively producing air pressures in response to the flow of pre-conditioned air in said outlet channels.
  • said coil plenum includes a first plenum and a separate and distinct second plenum that is coupled to said first plenum in such a manner as to permit ducted pre-conditioned air entering said second plenum to flow into said first plenum, the opening in said coil plenum and said coil being located in said first plenum, said first and second plenums being isolated from said third and fourth plenums being isolated from said coil' plenums.
  • said coil plenum includes a first plenum and a separate and distinct second plenum that is coupled to said first plenum in such a manner as to permit ducted pre-conditioned air entering said second plenum to flow into said first plenum, the opening in said coil plenum and said coil being located in said first plenum; and wherein said bypass plenum includes a third plenum and a separate and distinct'fourth plenum that is coupled to said third plenum in such a manner as to permit ducted pre-conditioned air entering said fourth plenum to flow into said third plenum, the opening in said bypass plenum being located in said third plenum, said first and thrid plenums being isolated from each other and said second and fourth plenums being isolated from each other.
  • bypass plenum includes a second set of air tubes for intercoupling said third and fourth plenums and through which the ducted pre-conditioned air flows therebetween.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Duct Arrangements (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
  • Central Air Conditioning (AREA)
US00158766A 1971-07-01 1971-07-01 Induction terminal unit for air-conditioning systems Expired - Lifetime US3799246A (en)

Priority Applications (12)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE785679D BE785679A (fr) 1971-07-01 Element terminal a aspiration pour installation de conditionnement d'air
US00158766A US3799246A (en) 1971-07-01 1971-07-01 Induction terminal unit for air-conditioning systems
CA144,378A CA970565A (en) 1971-07-01 1972-06-09 Induction terminal unit for air-conditioning systems
DE2231684A DE2231684A1 (de) 1971-07-01 1972-06-28 Einleitanschlusseinheit fuer klimaanlagen
GB3033172A GB1381405A (en) 1971-07-01 1972-06-28 Induction terminal unit for air-conditioning systems
FR7223702A FR2143921B3 (fr) 1971-07-01 1972-06-30
BR4330/72A BR7204330D0 (pt) 1971-07-01 1972-06-30 Terminal de entrada de ar para sistemas de ar condicionad
NL7209173A NL7209173A (fr) 1971-07-01 1972-06-30
IT51277/72A IT960916B (it) 1971-07-01 1972-07-01 Complesso terminale ad aspirazione per impianti di condizionamento d aria
SE7208750A SE7208750L (fr) 1971-07-01 1972-07-03
US00334124A US3841392A (en) 1971-07-01 1973-02-20 Induction terminal unit for air-conditioning systems
US33413273 US3853173A (en) 1971-07-01 1973-02-20 Induction terminal unit for air-conditioning systems

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00158766A US3799246A (en) 1971-07-01 1971-07-01 Induction terminal unit for air-conditioning systems

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3799246A true US3799246A (en) 1974-03-26

Family

ID=22569619

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00158766A Expired - Lifetime US3799246A (en) 1971-07-01 1971-07-01 Induction terminal unit for air-conditioning systems

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US3799246A (fr)
BE (1) BE785679A (fr)
BR (1) BR7204330D0 (fr)
CA (1) CA970565A (fr)
DE (1) DE2231684A1 (fr)
FR (1) FR2143921B3 (fr)
GB (1) GB1381405A (fr)
IT (1) IT960916B (fr)
NL (1) NL7209173A (fr)
SE (1) SE7208750L (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1982002076A1 (fr) * 1980-12-09 1982-06-24 Fluidics Corp Bowles Element de controle du debit et procede
US11168951B2 (en) * 2016-07-14 2021-11-09 General Electric Company Entrainment heat exchanger

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6030843B2 (ja) * 1977-05-07 1985-07-18 松下電器産業株式会社 流体の流れ方向制御装置
WO2017192356A1 (fr) * 2016-05-06 2017-11-09 Illinois Tool Works, Inc. Vanne de dérivation de réfrigérateur utilisant un circuit fluidique
US11320190B2 (en) 2016-05-06 2022-05-03 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Refrigerator diverter valve using fluidic circuit

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3159208A (en) * 1961-03-23 1964-12-01 Honeywell Inc Fluid flow control device
US3217788A (en) * 1962-03-27 1965-11-16 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Method and apparatus for individual adjustment of room temperature connected to a common primary air supply
US3275014A (en) * 1963-09-12 1966-09-27 American Radiator & Standard Fluid control means

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3159208A (en) * 1961-03-23 1964-12-01 Honeywell Inc Fluid flow control device
US3217788A (en) * 1962-03-27 1965-11-16 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Method and apparatus for individual adjustment of room temperature connected to a common primary air supply
US3275014A (en) * 1963-09-12 1966-09-27 American Radiator & Standard Fluid control means

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1982002076A1 (fr) * 1980-12-09 1982-06-24 Fluidics Corp Bowles Element de controle du debit et procede
US4388950A (en) * 1980-12-09 1983-06-21 Bowles Fluidics Corporation Fluid flow control element having movable valve and method
US11168951B2 (en) * 2016-07-14 2021-11-09 General Electric Company Entrainment heat exchanger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL7209173A (fr) 1973-01-03
SE7208750L (fr) 1973-03-08
CA970565A (en) 1975-07-08
FR2143921A1 (fr) 1973-02-09
BR7204330D0 (pt) 1973-07-17
BE785679A (fr) 1973-01-02
FR2143921B3 (fr) 1975-08-29
IT960916B (it) 1973-11-30
GB1381405A (en) 1975-01-22
DE2231684A1 (de) 1973-01-18

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