US3798977A - Pinion for starter gearing - Google Patents

Pinion for starter gearing Download PDF

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Publication number
US3798977A
US3798977A US00249449A US24944972A US3798977A US 3798977 A US3798977 A US 3798977A US 00249449 A US00249449 A US 00249449A US 24944972 A US24944972 A US 24944972A US 3798977 A US3798977 A US 3798977A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
pinion
teeth
ring gear
gear
face
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00249449A
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English (en)
Inventor
J Digby
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bendix Corp
Original Assignee
Bendix Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bendix Corp filed Critical Bendix Corp
Priority to US00249449A priority Critical patent/US3798977A/en
Priority to GB1695273A priority patent/GB1383491A/en
Priority to JP4838773A priority patent/JPS5534313B2/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3798977A publication Critical patent/US3798977A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N15/00—Other power-operated starting apparatus; Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from groups F02N5/00 - F02N13/00
    • F02N15/02—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof
    • F02N15/022—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch
    • F02N15/026—Gearing between starting-engines and started engines; Engagement or disengagement thereof the starter comprising an intermediate clutch of the centrifugal type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/08—Profiling
    • F16H55/0873—Profiling for improving axial engagement, e.g. a chamfer at the end of the tooth flank
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/13—Machine starters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/19—Gearing
    • Y10T74/19949—Teeth
    • Y10T74/19963—Spur
    • Y10T74/19972—Spur form

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A pinion for starter gearing having a radially extending concave face, the concave face being formed so that the teeth of said pinion gear are angularly disposed with respect to the transverse plane of said pinion thus protruding outwardly from the engaging end of said pinion.
  • the present invention relates to the field of starter gearing in general and in particular to that portion of the field of starter gearing which relates to pinion design.
  • One method of preventing damage to the pinion and the ring gear is to point the pinion or the ring gear or both thus preventing chipping of the otherwise blunt engaging teeth whenever they abut. Pointinghowever is of little or no assistance when attempting to mesh a pinion with a rotating ring gear.
  • object of the present invention to provide an economical reliable engine starter gearing having good torque transmitting characteristics and which has a long service life, and wherein the pinion is characterized by a unique concave engaging face.
  • Still a further object of this invention is to provide an improved starter drive of the positive shift overrunning dentil clutch type wherein the pinion gear has axially extending teeth provided to assist the pinion gear to mate with a rotating ring gear.
  • Yet another object'of this invention is to provide an improved pinion for-starter gearing wherein the pinion is configured such that it will be caused to rotate by.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevational view, partly insection and broken away, of the preferred embodiment of my invention showing the'pinion' in abutment with the rotating ring gear the pinion being in its fully indexed or retracted position.
  • FIG. 2 shows a partial section'ofa pinion gear incorporating" my unique pinion tooth design.
  • FIG. 3 shows a partial section of a typical prior art pinion design.
  • FIG. 4 shows an end view of a pinion made according to my invention
  • FIG. 1 there is illustrated a starter drive for an engine generally designated by numeral 10, mounted on a power shaft 12' of a starting motor (not illustrated).
  • the drive includes an axially extending sleeve 14 connected to shaft 12 by straight spline 16 so as to beaxially, but'not rotatively, moveable relative to the shaft.
  • the external surface of the forward or right hand extremity of the sleeve has helical splines 18' formed teeth 82 extending radially therefrom as shown in FIG. 4.
  • Teeth 82 are frusto-conical in cross section with a portion 85 being formed thereon, (called pointing) for the reason described above.
  • Sleeve 28 is secured to sleeve 14 and is slidably supported on a reduced diameterextension of power shaft 12.
  • the pinion gear is adapted for movement into and out of engagement with the engine gear 22. In the illustrated position the teeth of the pinion 26 are shown to be in abuting relationship with the ring gear 22 which for purposes of discussion we will assume is rotating.
  • An annular driven clutch member 30 is integrally formed with the pinion gear as the left-most extension thereof.
  • the driven clutch member is formed to provide an annular or circular recess 32 radially inwardly of the clutch member having its inner extremity defined by sleeve 28. h
  • the opposing or adjacent faces of the clutch members are provided with complementing mutually engageable inclined torque transmitting dentil teeth 34 and 36, respectively.
  • the dentils are of the saw-tooth variety to provide a one-way overrunning clutch connection.
  • a one-piece barrel-shaped housing and shifting collar 38 having a closed and an open end, is slidably supported at its closed end 40 on the external surface of sleeve 14.
  • a lock ring 42 is seated in a notch adjacent the open end of the housing and has sufficient radial length to engage driven clutch member 30 to thereby confine the clutch elements within the housing cavity. It is important to note that the unitary housing 38 provides an axial annular clearance 70 adjacent washer 46.
  • the sleeve 14 is provided with a radial shoulder 44 intermediate its extremities to provide an abutment for a disc or washer 46 slidably journalled on the sleeves.
  • a resiliently yieldable cylinder 48 preferably of an elastically deformable material, such as rubber, is compressively confined between the disc and closed housing end.
  • a resilient spring member 50 is compressively confined between disc 46 and driving clutch member 20 to provide a biasing force, urging the clutches in an engaged position.
  • Means for moving a starter gear assembly toward or away from the engine gear 22 may comprise the conventional solenoid, air or hydraulic cylinder actuated lever, not illustrated, connected to the shift collar 52 which is connected to the closed end 40 of housing 38.
  • Means for accomplishing the automatic separation of dentil teeth 34 and 36 are arranged in the annular recess 32 within the driven clutch member 30.
  • An annular thrust washer 54 backed by a loose thrust washer 67 abuts at its outer edge the shoulder 24 of splines 18.
  • the radially inner surface 56 of the thrust washer is inclined or conically formed with respect to the longitudinal axis of the starter gear.
  • a plurality of centrifugal flyweight members are annularly arranged adjacent thrust washer 54, one such flyweight is designated by the numeral 58.
  • Each flyweight has an inclined surface 60 complementary with an abuting surface 56 of the thrust washer.
  • a radial hole 62 is formed in each weight at an intermediate or mid-point closely corresponding with the location of center of gravity of the weight member.
  • a support pin 64 is secured on one end in a radial hole 66 formed in annular driven clutch member 30 and projects radially inwardly therefrom into the hole 62 in the flyweight member.
  • the pin and hole connection restrain the flyweight from movement in either the axial or circumferential direction, while permitting radial movement in response to centrifugal force.
  • sleeve bearing 63 projects into the annular recess 32 and provides a radially-inward stop for the flyweight 58, establishing clearance between flyweight and sleeve 28 to avoid wear or snagging of the moving assembly.
  • H6. 2 shows a partial section view of the pinion gear (26) which embodies the principles of this invention.
  • the face of the pinion gear (26) and the tooth design is shown in more detail.
  • the free end portion of the tooth (82) has a protrusion (83) which extends axially I outwards from the face
  • the protruding free end portion (83) of the tooth (82) is cut at an angle with respect to the gears face (80) resulting in a tapered surface (84) that extends radially inward from the free end of the protrusion (83) to the face (80) of the gear (26).
  • Extensive testing on the type of drive shown has revealed that the most favorable angle a is about 17".
  • An acceptable angle is an angle less than 30.
  • the angle is formed in pinion 26 by trepanning, although other machining techniques could also be used.
  • the teeth 82 protrude axially outwardly from the end of the pinion gear such that they will reach out and grab the rotating ring gear 22 (shown in phantom) with their radially outer tip 83.
  • the area of the pinion which is permitted to initially abut the transverse face of the ring gear 22 (i.e., tip 83) is minimized, so that the pinion teeth easily mesh with 82 would abut the left-most engaging surface of the ring gear 22 causing the entire pinion assembly to remain in an abutting relationship with the ring gear.
  • the starter gearing assembly is shifted to the right via a positioning mechanism connected to collar 52 and along the power shaft 12 so that pinion gear 26 engages engine starter gear 22.
  • Shaft 12 is rotated by a starting motor and transmits torque through spline 16 to sleeve 14, from helical splines 18 to driving clutch member 20, driven clutch member 30, pinion 26 to the engine gear 22.
  • gear 22 will now drive pinion '26 at a speed greater than that of the shaft 12.- Clutch teeth 34 and 36 will slip so that the starting motor is not driven at high engine speeds.
  • the starter gearing shown is further designed to provide an indexing function should the pinion 26 abut one of the teeth of starter gear 22 when being actuated to the right into engagement. In such an event, pinion movement is obstructed by tooth abutment, but the shifting mechanism will continue to shift housing 38 and sleeves l4 and 28. When an abutment occurs pinion and clutch stand still against ring gear 22 while drive sleeves l4 and 28 and case 38 continue to shift rightwardly toward the ring gear. Thus the pinion and clutch members will shift leftwardly relative to sleeve 14.
  • Driving clutch member 20 will be caused to rotate on helical splines 18 which rotation is transmitted to driven clutch member 30 and pinion 26 through the dentil teeth so that the pinion will clear the obstructed tooth on engine gear 22.
  • the angular degree of rotation necessary for the pinion teeth to clear an obstructed tooth of the engine ring gear 22 is greatly reduced since the arcuate area in engagement with a ring gear 22 is only a fraction of the same arcuate area represented by a prior art pinion tooth.
  • spring 50 snaps the pinion and clutch members to the right in the engaged position. Since the amount of time required to index is reduced, the drive engages more rapidly which in turn reduces the time to start the engine.
  • the starter gearing mechanism accomplishes all the normal functions of impact cushioning, indexing, overrunning, automatic dentil tooth separation, and in addition provides a pinion gear which aids the starter drive into mesh with both an at-rest and a rotating engine ring gear.
  • a pinion gear having a plurality of teeth arranged around the periphery thereof and a' face, .each of the teeth having at the freeend thereof an axial protrusion, extending beyond said face, each of the axial protrusions including a tapered surface that extends radially inward towards said face from the free end portion of the tooth whereby the'axial prowith the of the pinion gear rotating ring gear.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
US00249449A 1972-04-27 1972-04-27 Pinion for starter gearing Expired - Lifetime US3798977A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00249449A US3798977A (en) 1972-04-27 1972-04-27 Pinion for starter gearing
GB1695273A GB1383491A (en) 1972-04-27 1973-04-09 Pinion for starter drive
JP4838773A JPS5534313B2 (lm) 1972-04-27 1973-04-26

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US00249449A US3798977A (en) 1972-04-27 1972-04-27 Pinion for starter gearing

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US3798977A true US3798977A (en) 1974-03-26

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US (1) US3798977A (lm)
JP (1) JPS5534313B2 (lm)
GB (1) GB1383491A (lm)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4821588A (en) * 1986-07-15 1989-04-18 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Starter motor
US5297451A (en) * 1992-12-15 1994-03-29 Ingersoll-Rand Company Cam tooth starter pinion
US5742137A (en) * 1994-07-05 1998-04-21 Chrysler Corporation Starter motor control circuit and method
US6024065A (en) * 1994-07-05 2000-02-15 Chrysler Corporation Starter motor control circuit and method
US20060252556A1 (en) * 2005-05-06 2006-11-09 Connard Cali Pawl drive for coupling torque between two rotatable elements
US20100077769A1 (en) * 2008-09-29 2010-04-01 John Andrew Layer Starter drive assembly and method of starting a gas turbine engine
DE102008054984A1 (de) * 2008-12-19 2010-06-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Startvorrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Startvorrichtung
US20100269630A1 (en) * 2009-04-24 2010-10-28 Denso Corporation Engine starting apparatus
US20110308490A1 (en) * 2008-12-19 2011-12-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method And Device For Start-Stop Systems Of Internal Combustion Engines In Motor Vehicles
US20120210811A1 (en) * 2011-02-17 2012-08-23 Hitachi, Ltd. Gear coupling device and gear coupling method
CN109154376A (zh) * 2016-05-25 2019-01-04 法雷奥电机设备公司 带有至少一个成型齿的小齿轮的起动机
CN112267965A (zh) * 2020-09-28 2021-01-26 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) 一种内燃机启动装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1329535A (en) * 1920-02-03 Engine-starter
GB394841A (en) * 1931-09-16 1933-07-06 Marcel Bailly Starting device for internal combustion engines
US2947179A (en) * 1958-02-04 1960-08-02 Lafitte Theodore Positively actuated starting device for engine

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1329535A (en) * 1920-02-03 Engine-starter
GB394841A (en) * 1931-09-16 1933-07-06 Marcel Bailly Starting device for internal combustion engines
US2947179A (en) * 1958-02-04 1960-08-02 Lafitte Theodore Positively actuated starting device for engine

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4821588A (en) * 1986-07-15 1989-04-18 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Starter motor
US5297451A (en) * 1992-12-15 1994-03-29 Ingersoll-Rand Company Cam tooth starter pinion
ES2080012A2 (es) * 1992-12-15 1996-01-16 Ingersolll Rand Company Piñon de arrancador de motor con diente leva.
US5742137A (en) * 1994-07-05 1998-04-21 Chrysler Corporation Starter motor control circuit and method
US6024065A (en) * 1994-07-05 2000-02-15 Chrysler Corporation Starter motor control circuit and method
US20060252556A1 (en) * 2005-05-06 2006-11-09 Connard Cali Pawl drive for coupling torque between two rotatable elements
US7661329B2 (en) * 2005-05-06 2010-02-16 Conntechnical Industries, Inc. Pawl drive for coupling torque between two rotatable elements
US20100077769A1 (en) * 2008-09-29 2010-04-01 John Andrew Layer Starter drive assembly and method of starting a gas turbine engine
DE102008054984A1 (de) * 2008-12-19 2010-06-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Startvorrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Startvorrichtung
US20110308490A1 (en) * 2008-12-19 2011-12-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method And Device For Start-Stop Systems Of Internal Combustion Engines In Motor Vehicles
US10436169B2 (en) * 2008-12-19 2019-10-08 Seg Automotive Germany Gmbh Method and device for start-stop systems of internal combustion engines in motor vehicles
US20100269630A1 (en) * 2009-04-24 2010-10-28 Denso Corporation Engine starting apparatus
US8534145B2 (en) * 2009-04-24 2013-09-17 Denso Corporation Engine starting apparatus
US20120210811A1 (en) * 2011-02-17 2012-08-23 Hitachi, Ltd. Gear coupling device and gear coupling method
US8960036B2 (en) * 2011-02-17 2015-02-24 Hitachi, Ltd. Gear coupling device and gear coupling method
CN109154376A (zh) * 2016-05-25 2019-01-04 法雷奥电机设备公司 带有至少一个成型齿的小齿轮的起动机
CN112267965A (zh) * 2020-09-28 2021-01-26 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) 一种内燃机启动装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4941735A (lm) 1974-04-19
JPS5534313B2 (lm) 1980-09-05
GB1383491A (en) 1974-02-12

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