US3797823A - Photographic apparatus - Google Patents

Photographic apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
US3797823A
US3797823A US00238122A US3797823DA US3797823A US 3797823 A US3797823 A US 3797823A US 00238122 A US00238122 A US 00238122A US 3797823D A US3797823D A US 3797823DA US 3797823 A US3797823 A US 3797823A
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Prior art keywords
guides
sheet
path
flexible sheet
plane
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00238122A
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English (en)
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C Clark
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Individual
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B17/00—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor
    • G03B17/48—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor adapted for combination with other photographic or optical apparatus
    • G03B17/50—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor adapted for combination with other photographic or optical apparatus with both developing and finishing apparatus
    • G03B17/53—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor adapted for combination with other photographic or optical apparatus with both developing and finishing apparatus for automatically delivering a finished picture after a signal causing exposure has been given, e.g. by pushing a button, by inserting a coin

Definitions

  • This invention relates to photographic apparatus and is concerned with means for handling a film unit of the kind comprising a photosensitive sheet on which a latent image is first formed and an image-receiving sheet on which the final print is formed by a transfer process, one sheet, usually the film, being more flexible than the other.
  • Film units of this kind and which are self-developing are available in cassettes from Polaroid Corporation of Cambridge, Mass., USA.
  • Each film unit comprises a photosensitive sheet which is exposed by the lens system of the camera to form thereon a latent image and an image-receiving sheet which, during development, is in superposed relation with the photosensitive sheet.
  • the unit also includes a rupturable pod releasably containing a processing liquid which is spread between the contiguous sheets. The imbibition process resulting from this liquid distribution serves to transfer, at least in part, image components from the photosensitive sheet to the'image-receiving sheet which forms the finished photograph.
  • photographic apparatus comprises means for moving along the path a composite comprising a photosensitive sheet and an image-receiving sheet superimposed thereon, one sheet being more flexible than the other, and guide means along the path for producing a sharp change in direction for the more flexible of the sheets such that the other tends not to follow and separation is initiated.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for use in automatic photographic equipment of the kind which is arranged to be brought into operation by actuation of an initiating mechanism and upon such actuation, as by the insertion of a coin in a slot, to apply to a piece of photosensitive sheet material disposed in an exposure position one or more latent images ofa subject occupying an appropriate position, as by being seated on a suitable stool in a sitters compartment, the equipment then causing the production of a final print which is delivered as a finished photograph to the sitter.
  • the apparatus of the present invention is particularly suitable for use in the automatic photographic apparatus described in my copending Pat. application Nos. 238,071 now US. Pat. No. 3,744,390 and 238,096 now US. Pat. No. 3,744,389 which apparatus comprises a camera, a magazine for cassettes each comprising a number of self-developing film units, transfer means for replacing an expended cassette at the camera by a cassette from the magazine, and means for extracting the film units one by one from the cassette at the camera.
  • the moving means comprises a gripper for engaging the leading edge of the photosensitive sheet or a flexible sheet secured thereto and movable along the path.
  • the path is preferably approximately straight, that is a path which is exactly straight or which has only a slight curvature, ahead of the guide means, which is not so great that separation of the film and imagereceiving sheet will occur.
  • the guide means may comprise first and second guides extending across the path and arranged so that the more flexible sheet is deflected around the first guide in order to pass around the second guide.
  • at least one of the guides is retractable away from the path.
  • each of the guides may comprise a transverse guide element such as a bar or roller mounted on one or more swing arms and pivotable towards and away from the path.
  • the apparatus preferably includes a first conveyor, such as a belt, located beyond the guide means to receive the more flexible sheet, and a econd conveyor, such as a belt, located below the first conveyor to receive the less flexible sheet.
  • the conveyors may be-arranged to operate in opposite directions so that, for example, the photosensitive sheet may be disposed of and the imagereceiving sheet may be delivered to a collection point.
  • FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 are side, front and bottom elevations respectively of a film pack or cassette of the kind which is to be separated;
  • FIG. 4 is a somewhat diagrammatic section through a cassette, the cassette shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 containing when full a plurality of film units;
  • FIG. 5 is an elevation of part of the film handling means
  • FIG. 6 is a plan view of the film handling means
  • FIG. 7 is an elevation of a stripper mechanism forming part of the film handling means
  • FIG. 8 and 9 are views similar to FIG. 7 showing the stripper mechanism in operation to separate a developed print from the backing;
  • FIG. 10 is a view similar-to FIG. 7 showing an opaque sheet which has been operated upon by the stripper mechanism
  • FIG. 11 is a detailed vertical section of the clamps forming part of the film handling means in a position different from that shown in FIGS. 5 and 6;
  • FIG. 12 is an elevation of the clamps looking in the direction of an arrow XVII in FIG. 11.
  • each cassette 24 consists of a body 25 having a front wall 26 in which there is a rectangular opening 27, side walls 28, a top wall 29 and-a bottom wall 31 which is only about a third as deep as the side and top walls.
  • the side walls are formed with steps 32 and the cassette is completed by a flat back 33 having, along the two side edges, hooked flanges 34 which slide over the steps 32 to retain the back on the body. Accordingly there is an opening 35 at the bottom end the purpose of which will be described hereafter.
  • a separator plate 36 having a smoothly hooked upper end.
  • FIG. 6 shows only the opaque sheet and a single film unit.
  • Each film unit consists of a flexible sensitized sheet 39 of film, a stiffish transfer or image-receiving sheet 41 to receive the finished photograph, a first connecting strip 42 carrying a pod 43 of developing fluid, a second connecting strip 44, and a narrow leader strip 45. These components are assembled together in the manner shown in FIG. 6, the first connecting position 42 and the second connecting portion 44 being arranged to form a leader tab 46 which is somewhat narrower than the remainder of the unit.
  • the photographic apparatus consists, apart from the cameras and the control apparatus which will not be described in detail, of two main portions, namely (a) the cassette supply comprising the magazine and the transfer apparatus and (b) the film handling means comprising the film conveying apparatus and the stripping mechanism.
  • the film handling means is shown in FIGS. to 12 and includes film conveying apparatus which consists essentially of two clamps to grip the leader strip 45 and the leader tab 46 respectively on an exposed film unit and means for guiding and driving the clamps in the direction of the arrow 87 to draw the film unit from the cassette.
  • the film handling means also includes a stripping mechanism which consists essentially of a pair of guides, one of which is retractable, which engage the film unit as it is drawn out of the cassette.
  • the film conveying apparatus includes a lower clamp 121 which is mounted on a lower carriage assembly 122.
  • the assembly 122 comprises two guide rods 123 and two bridge pieces 124 and 125 which together form a rectangular frame.
  • Each of the bridge pieces 124 and 125 is provided with guides 126 directly below guide rods 123 so that the carriage assembly 122 can slide on two further guide rods 127 which are fixed to the frame of the apparatus.
  • An upper clamp 128 is mounted on an upper carriage 129 which is provided with guides 131 so that it can slide on the guide rods 123.
  • An electric motor 132 is mounted on the frame of the apparatus, and drives a sprocket 133 by means of a single reduction worm gearbox 134.
  • a roller chain 135 passes around the sprocket 133 and around an idler sprocket 136, situated so that between the sprockets 133 and 136 the chain 135 is parallel to the guide rods 127.
  • a tappet 137 is fixed to the chain 135, which is arranged to move away from the camera on its upper side while the motor 132 is running.
  • Two thrust members 138 and 139 are mounted on the carriage 129.
  • Each thrust member has a surface adapted to engage the tappet 137; that on thrust member 138 engages it while it is moving towards the camera, while that on thrust member 139 engages it while it is moving away from the camera.
  • the thrust members 138 and 139 are also arranged so that as the tappet 137 passes around either of the sprockets 133 and 136, it disengages from one thrust member, and engages with the other thrust member shortly afterwards. In this way, the carriage 129 can be reciprocated by operating the motor 132.
  • the carriage assembly 122 will also reciprocate over a smaller distance, since it is in effect coupled to the carriage 129 by a lost motion connection.
  • Two micro-switches (not shown) are mounted on the frame of the apparatus so that their operating levers engage the carriage 129 at certain points in its travel; these allow its motion to be controlled as required.
  • Each of the clamps 121 and 128 comprises a pair of jaws one of which is spring loaded towards the other.
  • the lower clamp 121 is opened at the end of its travel nearest the camera by a projection 141 which is attached to the frame of the apparatus, and acts on the jaw 142 of the clamp 121; at the other end of its travel, the clamp is held open by a stop 143 which-acts on a lever 144 associated with the clamp 121.
  • the upper clamp 128 is provided with a latch 145; when the clamp is opened, the latch engages with a projection on the jaw 146 to hold it open.
  • a lever 147 is pivotally attached to the clamp, and engages a stop 148 when the clamp is at the end of its travel furthest from the camera.
  • the jaw 146 is in turn opened by the lever 147.
  • the latch 145 engages with a stop 149, which lifts the latch and allows the clamp to close.
  • Two leaf springs 151 are fixed to the carriage 129 with their ends projecting into the clamp 128 so that when the clamp is open, they ensure that the tab previously gripped by the clamp is ejected.
  • the stripping mechanism which is shown in detail in FIGS. 7 to 10 is mounted on the frame of the apparatus and comprises a first guide 161 which is fixed and a second guide 162 which can be moved in an arc as shown at 163.
  • the guide 162 is rotatably mounted on the frame of the apparatus at 164.
  • a crank arm 165 is fixed to the shaft of guide 162.
  • Another shaft 166 is rotatably mounted on the frame of the apparatus and carries a disc 167.
  • a crankpin 168 is attached to the disc 167 and a link 169 connects the crankpin 168 to the crank arm 165.
  • the shaft 166 is driven by an electric motor 171 by means of a gearbox 172, so that by operating the motor 171, the guide 162 can be moved between its extreme positions.
  • the edge of the disc 167 is cut away over part of its periphery, and a micro-switch is mounted on the frame of the apparatus so that its operating lever presses against the edge of the disc.
  • the switch is arranged as a limit switch for controlling the movement of the guide 162 from one of its extreme positions to the other.
  • a conveyor belt assembly consisting of a wide belt 175 passing around two rollers 176 mounted on rotatable shafts 177, is mounted on the frame of the apparatus beneath the position occupied by the lower carriage assembly when it is at its furthest from the camera.
  • Another conveyor belt assembly consisting of a wide belt 178 passing around two rollers 179 mounted on rotatable shafts 181, is mounted on the frame of the apparatus generally beneath the belt 175.
  • a shaft 182 is rotatably mounted on the frame of the apparatus above the end of the belt 178 nearer the camera and carries a roller 183.
  • Two rollers 184 which are much shorter axially than the roller 183, are rotatably mounted on the frame of the apparatus, one near each end of the roller 183, and with their axes in line and above that of roller 183.
  • a pulley 185 is fixed to one of the shafts 177 supporting the belt 175, and is driven by a driving belt 186 from a pulley 187.
  • Another pulley 188 is integral with the pulley 187, which is rotatably mounted on the frame of the apparatus.
  • Pulleys 189 and 191 are fixed to the shaft 182 and one of the shafts 181 supporting the belt 178 respectively; pulleys 188, 189 and 191 are all driven by a driving belt 192 from a pulley 193, which is driven through a reduction gearbox 194 by an electric motor 195.
  • the motor 195 can be rotated so that the upper surface of belt 175 runs towards the camera and the upper surfaces of belt 178 and roller 183 run away from the camera.
  • the long leader strip 45 of a film unit in the cassette will enter between the jaws of the upper clamp 128 and as the clamp 128 finally reaches its extreme position near the camera, the latch 145 will engage the stop 149 and the clamp will be triggered shut, gripping the leader strip 45. Also, the clamp 121 will be opened by the projection 141.
  • the electric motor 132 continues to run and moves the carriage 129 away from the camera, drawing the leader strip 45 with it.
  • the leader strip 45' of the following film unit is lightly attached to the leader strip 45, and is unfolded as the leader strip 45 is drawn out. When it is completely unfolded, in preparation for drawing out the following film unit, it becomes detached from the leader strip 45.
  • the exposed film 39 is drawn around the guide platen upper end 37 of the separator plate 36 until the exposed surface of the film 39 lies against the transfer sheet 41.
  • This also draws the leader tap 46 out of the cassette and this passes between the rollers 104 and then between the jaws of the lower clamp 121, which has not yet moved away from the camera because of the lost motion in the connection between carriages 122 and 129.
  • a spring detent 201 is provided to ensure that the carriage assembly 122 does not begin to move prematurely. When the carriage assembly 122 does begin to move, the projection 141 will no longer hold the clamp 121 open, and the leader tab 46 will be gripped by the clamp.
  • the motor 132 restarts and continues to draw the two clamps away from the camera.
  • the film is directed around the rods in such a way that there is a sharp change in direction in its path.
  • the connecting strip 44 is quite flexible and is able to follow this change in direction but the transfer sheet is of fairly stiff material and tends to separate from the backing and to continue along a straight path. Accordingly, the leading edge of the transfer sheet separates from the connecting strip and is guided by fixed guides (not shown) between the roller 183 and the roller 184.
  • FIG. 8 shows the situation just after separation has begun. The rotation of roller 183 tends to move the transfer sheet away from the camera so that it drops onto conveyor belt 178, which delivers it to the print-receiving chute 196 for delivery to the customer.
  • the lever 144 engages the stop 143 so that the clamp is opened, thereby releasing the leader tab 46.
  • the lever 147 engages the stop 148, so that the clamp is opened.
  • the leader strip 45 is thereby released, and is ejected by the springs 151.
  • the leader strip 45 and leader tab 46 are then carried towards the camera by the conveyor belt 175, and drop between the belt and the stripping unit into the receptacle 72 for disposal.
  • a lamp (not shown) is mounted above the position occupied by the film unit during development, shining downwards.
  • a photo-transistor also not shown is mounted, so that the presence of a film unit between the lamp and the photo-transistor can be detected. If, at the appropriate stage in the cycle, no film unit is detected because of a malfunction or because of a faulty cassette, an alarm signal is actuated, and may be used to indicate to the sitter that there has been a malfunction, and to actuate the cassette handling apparatus to replace the cassette.
  • the opaque sheet 38 is removed. To do this, the apparatus follows the normal cycle, but without the delay needed for development.
  • the opaque cover sheet is gripped by the upper clamp 128 and drawn out; it passes through the stripping apparatus in the same way as an ordinary film unit, and because of this it is curled to the shape shown in FIG. 12. This ensures that the cover will fall into the receptacle 72 without jamming between the stripper guides and the conveyor belt 175; if the cover were not curled by the stripping apparatus, it would probably jam.
  • the opaque sheet 38 is lightly attached by paste to the leader strip 45 of the first film unit so that as the opaque sheet is drawn out of the cassette the leader strip is unfolded and drawn out.
  • the leader strip 45 separates from the opaque sheet as soon as it is unfolded and the opaque sheet continues without it. This leaves the leader strip in a position ready to be engaged by the upper clamp 121 after the first film unit is exposed.
  • the sub-assembly 111 In its normal position, the sub-assembly 111 is located by two dowel pins 112 and supported by four rollers 113 which are rotatably attached to the frame of the apparatus. Each roller supports one of four supporting brackets 114 which are attached to the sub-assembly 111. In the normal position, a horizontal surface of each bracket 114 rests on each roller 113, but when the sub-assembly is removed for maintenance, the dowel pins 112 and the pin 86 disengage, and an inclined surface of each bracket 114 comes into contact with each roller, so that the sub-assembly is lowered as it is withdrawn.
  • pins 115 are attached to the sub-assembly 111, and each engages one of four vertical open ended slots 116 in plates 117.
  • the plates 117 are attached to slide 118, which can slide in the direction of arrow 87 on guide rails 119.
  • the pins 115 do not touch the bottom of slots 116, but as the sub-assembly is removed, it is lowered until the pins 115 are resting on the bottom of slots 116, so that the sub-assembly is supported on slide 1 18.
  • the slide 118 has been drawn out to its extreme position, the sub-assembly 111 can easily be removed.
  • the electrical circuits of the apparatus are mounted on another sub-assembly 205, which is mounted on slides 206; the electrical connections to this subassembly are made in a similar manner to those to the sub-assembly 1 11.
  • a separating mechanism comprising:
  • gripper means for gripping the leading edge of the flexible sheet and drawing the composite along a path between said first and second guides; at least one of said guides being reatively movable from a retracted position in which the guides are spaced apart, to a juxtaposed position in which they are juxtaposed and form a sinuous path around and between said first and second guides;
  • Apparatus as defined in claim 1 wherein the path defined between and around said guides, in their juxtaposed position, includes two curves at least one of which is at least 5. Apparatus as defined in claim 1, wherein one of said guides is stationary and the other of said guides is movable;
  • the axes of the guides define first a flat plane, and in moving from the retracted position to the juxtaposed position, the axis of the movable guide passes through a second flat plane through and perpendicular to the axis of the stationary guide and perpendicular to said first flat plane.
  • a traveling gripper arranged to grip the leading edge of the flexible sheet and draw the flexible sheet along a path;
  • first and second guides arranged on opposite sides of said path and between which the composite is drawn by said gripper, at least one of said guides being relatively movable between a retracted position in which the guides are spaced apart far enough to allow the gripper to pass between them, and a closed position in which the guides are juxtaposed and define a sunuous path therebetween around which the flexible sheet is drawn;
  • stiffness of the stiff sheet prevents it from following the flexible sheet around the sinuous path so that the stiff sheet and the flexible sheet will separate.
  • said traveling gripper includes a carriage which is slidable along a straight path.
  • the axes of the guides in the retracted position, define a first flat plane, and in moving from the retracted position to the juxtaposed position, the axes of the movable guide passes through a second flat plane through and perpendicular to the axis of the stationary guide and perpendicular to said first flat plane.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Cameras Adapted For Combination With Other Photographic Or Optical Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Photographic Developing Apparatuses (AREA)
US00238122A 1971-03-29 1972-03-27 Photographic apparatus Expired - Lifetime US3797823A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB802271A GB1392451A (en) 1971-03-29 1971-03-29 Photographic apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3797823A true US3797823A (en) 1974-03-19

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ID=9844293

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00238122A Expired - Lifetime US3797823A (en) 1971-03-29 1972-03-27 Photographic apparatus

Country Status (8)

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US (1) US3797823A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS5618935B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA992782A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE2215453A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2132668B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1392451A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
IT (1) IT952400B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7204190A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT375202B (de) * 1981-01-27 1984-07-10 Gradco Dendoki Inc Sortiervorrichtung fuer kopiermaschinen
US4721981A (en) * 1986-11-03 1988-01-26 Xerox Corporation Low-cost document feeder for copiers

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58195841A (ja) * 1982-05-12 1983-11-15 Ricoh Co Ltd 変倍複写機における複写倍率表示装置
JPS59144655U (ja) * 1983-03-18 1984-09-27 株式会社神光マイクロ マイクロフイルム撮影装置におけるブリツプ表示機構
JPS60140228A (ja) * 1983-12-28 1985-07-25 Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd 複写装置
JPS6126371A (ja) * 1984-07-17 1986-02-05 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd テロツプカ−ド装置
JPS61124058U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1985-01-19 1986-08-05
US5170168A (en) 1986-07-17 1992-12-08 Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag Identification of friend from foe device

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2484880A (en) * 1944-06-30 1949-10-18 Dennison Mfg Co Label dispenser
US2654604A (en) * 1951-03-16 1953-10-06 American Type Founders Inc Sheet delivery mechanism
US3266797A (en) * 1964-04-22 1966-08-16 Gevaert Photo Prod Nv Photographic copying apparatus stripping mechanism and method
US3461984A (en) * 1965-07-23 1969-08-19 Armour & Co Label printing and dispensing apparatus and method of labeling packages

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3316824A (en) * 1965-10-21 1967-05-02 Polaroid Corp Apparatus for withdrawing film units from a film pack

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2484880A (en) * 1944-06-30 1949-10-18 Dennison Mfg Co Label dispenser
US2654604A (en) * 1951-03-16 1953-10-06 American Type Founders Inc Sheet delivery mechanism
US3266797A (en) * 1964-04-22 1966-08-16 Gevaert Photo Prod Nv Photographic copying apparatus stripping mechanism and method
US3461984A (en) * 1965-07-23 1969-08-19 Armour & Co Label printing and dispensing apparatus and method of labeling packages

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT375202B (de) * 1981-01-27 1984-07-10 Gradco Dendoki Inc Sortiervorrichtung fuer kopiermaschinen
US4721981A (en) * 1986-11-03 1988-01-26 Xerox Corporation Low-cost document feeder for copiers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2215453A1 (de) 1972-10-05
CA992782A (en) 1976-07-13
NL7204190A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-10-03
GB1392451A (en) 1975-04-30
FR2132668A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-11-24
IT952400B (it) 1973-07-20
JPS5618935B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1981-05-02
FR2132668B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1976-12-03

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