US3797221A - False twist-crimped polyester yarns and process for their production - Google Patents

False twist-crimped polyester yarns and process for their production Download PDF

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US3797221A
US3797221A US00131242A US3797221DA US3797221A US 3797221 A US3797221 A US 3797221A US 00131242 A US00131242 A US 00131242A US 3797221D A US3797221D A US 3797221DA US 3797221 A US3797221 A US 3797221A
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yarns
yarn
crimped
polyester
false twist
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M Ikeda
M Tsumoto
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Teijin Ltd
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Teijin Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • D02G1/0286—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist characterised by the use of certain filaments, fibres or yarns
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
    • D01F6/62—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D02G1/02—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist
    • D02G1/0206—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist by false-twisting
    • D02G1/022—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics by twisting, fixing the twist and backtwisting, i.e. by imparting false twist by false-twisting while simultaneously drawing the yarn

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT A false twist-crimped polyester yarn having a density d of 1.3800 d 1.3950 (g/cm) and a total percentage crimp (TC) of TC 2 30% is produced by false twisting a polyester multi-filament having a birefringence (An) of 0.030 Art 5 0.145 while heat setting the filament in the twisted state at 160 to 210 at a draft (dr) which satisfies the following equation:
  • the invention relates to a false twist-crimped polyester yarn having a density d of 1.3800 d 1.3950 (g/cm) and a total percentage crimp (TC) of TC 3O and to a modified false twist-crimped polyester yarn having a density d of 1.3800 d 5 1.3950 (g/cm"), a total percentage crimp (TC) ofTC 20 and a torque (Tq) of Tq 26 (T/25 cm), such modified false twist-crimped polyester yarn being obtained by subjecting the firstmentioned polyester yarn to a second heat set treatment.
  • the false twist-crimped polyester yarn of the invention has a density d of the above specified range which the conventional flase twist-crimped polyester yarn cannot have for a TC of the above range (the conventional crimped yarn has a density of about 1.398 d 1.410).
  • the modified false twist-crimped polyester yarn of the invention has a density different from that of the conventional polyester yarn for the specified TC, and also a torque which the conventional polyester yarn cannot have for the specified TC (the conventional polyester yarn has a torque of more than about 30).
  • the invention also provides a process for producing a false twist-crimped polyester yarn which comprises false twisting a polyester multifilament having a birefringence (An) of 0.030 An 0.145 preferably' 0.06 An 0.135 while heat-setting such multifila ment in the twisted state at 160 to 210C., preferably 170 to 200C. at a draft d, expressed by the equation 25O-An+38 d, ;l50'An+17....(I);and to a process for producing a modified false twistcrimped polyester yarn which comprises subjecting the false twist-crimped yarn so obtained to a second heatsetting at a temperature in excess of that at which the yarn has been initially heat set, by any means known per se.
  • a process for producing a false twist-crimped polyester yarn which comprises false twisting a polyester multifilament having a birefringence (An) of 0.030 An 0.145 preferably' 0.06 An 0.135 while heat-setting such multifila ment in the twisted state
  • polyester yarns having novel improved properties can be produced by the processes of the invention on the basis of the two important findings that the birefringence (An) of the starting polyester multifilament has not previously been employed (previously up to about 0.16 at the lowest) and that the draft is chosen correspondingly to the varying An of the starting yarn.
  • Polyester filament yarns especially polyethylene terephthalate filament yarns, have high tenacity and Youngs modulus, and therefore have found wide applications as apparel, interior decoration and industrial materials.
  • For apparel uses it is general practice to produce woven or knitted goods by using crimped polyester filament yarns, or blend yarns obtained by mixing slightly crimped filament yarns cut to staple lengths with cotton, wool, or the like.
  • crimped filamentary yarns especially the use of false twist-crimped filamentary yarns, has attracted special attention.
  • the false twist crimping process is performed continuously by using a false twist by which a filament yarn is heat set in a state of being twisted in one direction, and then untwisted in a direction reverse to the twist direction.
  • the crimp is obtained by heat-setting the filament yarn in the twisted state thereby leaving the torsion permanently in the form of a twist. Therefore, whether the false twist-crimped yarn obtained by such a method has excellent crimp properties is determined by whether the filament yarn has been fully heat set in the twisted state.
  • Polyester filament yarns now in use for false twist crimping have high Youngs modulus and melting point higher than other synthetic filaments such as polyamide filaments, and therefore, it is extremely difficult to leave a molecular torsion in the form of twist in the filament yarn.
  • the heat setting of the filament yarn should be as high as 210 to 230C.
  • the low dyeability means poor utilization of dyestuffs. Because of the non-uniformity of dyeing, it is now necessary to cut the false twist-crimped yarn obtained in each spindle to certain lengths, measure the dyeability of each yarn, and sort out the yarns according to dyeability prior to use. This is course requires extra labor, and even such treatment cannot obviate a great loss owing to the products of poor quality.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a false twist-crimped polyester yarn which has the same or better crimp properties, especially total percentage crimp (TC), as compared with the conventional false twist-crimped polyester yarns, and which has a dyeability (dye exhaustion) and level dyeing property previously incapable of being attained for the TC range specified in the present invention, and also a modified false twist-crimped polyester yarn obtained by subjecting the 'false twist-crimped polyester yarn to a second heat setting.
  • TC total percentage crimp
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a process for producing such false twist-crimped polyester yarn having such novel improved properties and the modified false twist-crimped polyester yarn obtained therefrom.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide a process for producing a false twist-crimped polyester yarn having dyeability and level dyeing property, which has a total percentage crimp comparable to that of the conventional false twist-crimped polyester yarns even when processed at temperatures lower than the conventional false twisting temperatures.
  • polyester filaments having a birefringence of 0.030 to 0.145 are false twist-crimped at a draft specified by the Equation I above, satisfactory crimping becomes possible at lower temperatures in the range of 210C. to 160C, and various difficulties which reduce the value of the final products, such as the occurrence of striped spots, non-levelling, or poor dyeability, can be overcome.
  • the birefringence (An), total percentage crimp (TC) and dye exhaustion (L-value) are defined as follows:
  • the birefringence (An) of the specimen is computed from the following equation:
  • n is the interference fringe due to the degree of orientation of the polymer molecular chain: r is the retardation obtained by measuring the orientation not developing into the interference fringe by means of a Bereks compensator; a is the diameter of the filament; and A is the wavelength of the sodium D rays.
  • TC Total Percentage Crimp
  • a yarn processed on a false twist crimper is placed under an initial load of 2 mg/de and a heavier load of 0.2 g/de. After a lapse of 1 minute, the length (1 is read. Immediately the heavier load is removed, and the yarn under the initial load is placed in boiling water. It is taken out of the water minutes later. The initial load is removed, and the yarn is naturally dried for 24 hours. The initial load and the heavier load are again exerted on the dried yarn, and its length (1 is read after a lapse of 1 minute. Immediately, the heavier load is removed, and after a lapse of 1 minute, its length (1 is read.
  • the total percentage crimp (TC) which is the crimp properties of the false twisted filaments, is expressed by the following equation:
  • Dye exhaustion (L value) A yarn processed by a false twist crimper is circular knitted. The knitted article is dyed for 30 minutes in boiling water using a dye bath containing 3 4% of Eastmann Polyester Blue BLF and 0.5 g/liter of Monogen at a goods-to-liquor ratio of 1:100.
  • the lightness (Is-value) of the dyeing is measured by a CM-20 type color differentlal meter fl ip p on Color Machine Company. This L-values is employed as the dye exhaustion. LargerL-value mean lighter colors, and smaller L-values mean darker colors.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the reaction between the heat treating temperature and the time required to attain the secondary crystallization:
  • FIG. 2 is a graphic representation showing one example of the relation among the false twist crimping temperature of the polyester filament (temperature of the filament), the dye exhaustion (L-value) and the total percentage crimp of the filament;
  • FIG. 3 is a graphic representation showing the relation between the birefringence of the starting polyester filaments of the invention and the draft employed in the false twist crimping treatment;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic arrangement of one example of a false twisting apparatus suitable for the production of the false twist-crimped polyester yarns of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a graphic representation showing the relation between the birefringence of an undrawn polyester filament and the draw ratio
  • FIG. 6 is a view showing one example of a drawing apparatus suitable for drawing by a dry heat drawing method in order to obtain a polyester filament having a birefringence 0.030 An 5 0.145.
  • the axis of abscissas represents the temperature of the filament on the heater, and the axis of ordinates, the time required until the secondary crystallization is attained.
  • the curve a shows the conventional polyester filament, and the curve b, the starting polyester filament of the present invention.
  • the denier size (de/fil), birefringence (An), and draft of the filament used are as follows:
  • time required until the secondary crystallization is attained is meant the time of the initial stage where a substantially straight line relation is established between the logarithm of the time required to treat the specimen at a certain temperature and the density of the specimen.
  • the t in the ordinate shows the time required for obtaining good crimps.
  • the secondary crystallization should not precede the setting of the yarn form.
  • the temperature corresponding to the minimum time required to attain the secondary crystallization exists within the range of T to T and this time becomes gradually longer both on the lower temperature side and the higher temperature side. It is assumed that the filaments showing such behavior of crystallization may have a different crystalline structure from that of the conventional polyester filaments. Such behavior of crystallization leads to ease of processing.
  • the temperatures in the range of T to T can be employed for the false twist crimping treatment. Such lower temperatures could not be used previously for false twist crimping of polyester filaments.
  • the dye exhaustion of the processed yarn of the in- I vention is shown in FIG. 2 by the curve b,. It is seen from the curve b, that at temperatures below 210C., the dyeing difference (AD) in relation to the temperature difference (AT) is very small, and the dye exhaustion is markedly improved over the conventional false twist-crimped polyester yarns.
  • the dyeing difference (AD) with the temperature difference (AT) is very large as shown by the curve a, of FIG. 2. If a number of such yarns having the temperature non-uniformity are used to produce woven or knitted articles, the resulting articles present clear dyeing non-uniformity, and are not suitable for sale on the market.
  • the curves a and h of FIG. 2 represent the total percentage crimps of the crimped yarns corresponding to a and b,.
  • the total percentage crimp of the crimped polyester yarn of the invention becomes maximum at a temperature in the range of 160 to 210C. within which excellent level dyeing properties and dyeability can be obtained.
  • the total percentage crimps become maximum at 210 to 230C. and above. It is seen from FIG.
  • the conventional crimped polyester yarns have the desired total percentage crimps only when heat set at a temperature above 210C., and suffer from considerably large fluctuations in dyeing difference (AD) with the temperature difference (AT) and also reduced dye exhaustion; whereas the present invention provides crimped yarns having 6 comparable total percentage crimps and good dyeability and level dyeing properties by processing at lower temperatures of to 210C. It is appreciated that the processing temperatures in the range of to 200C. are especially preferred for obtaining good dyeability and level dyeing properties.
  • FIG. 3 shows that when the birefringence of the filament is set, the draft should be confined within a certain range.
  • polyester filament yarns having the birefringence specified in the invention are processed at a draft shown by the area A, in the drawing, the twisting tension becomes very small, and there is frequent occurrence of non-untwisted yarns or meltadhered yams. This makes it impossible to obtain crimped yarns which serve for practical purposes.
  • the yarns are processed at a draft shown by the area A in the drawing, the twisting tension becomes very great, and the non-untwisted yarns or meltadhered yarns do not occur to such an extent, but the crimp characteristics of the yarns become poor. Therefore, crimped yarns of practical value cannot be obtained.
  • the draft specified in the invention is necessary for maintaining the yarn tension during twisting within the range of 0.05 to 0.15 g/de which has been required in the conventional false twisting in order to obtain stable twisting effects.
  • the yarn exhibits the same properties as an undrawn yarn, and it is impossible to obtain crimped yarns of practical value.
  • the crimp characteristics, dye exhaustion, and level dyeing property are hardly improved. It is appreciated therefore that when polyester filaments having a birefringence of 0.06 E An 0.135, preferably 0.06 An 0.120 are used, crimped yarns can be obtained which are most satisfactory in crimp characteristics, dye exhaustion and level dyeing property.
  • polyester filament yarn 2 wound on pirn 1 passes snail guide 3 and is delivered by a pair of feed rollers 4 and 4. It then passes heater 5 and false twist spindle 6, and is then taken up by a pair of delivery rollers 7 and 7'. It is then wound up on bobbin 9 which rotates frictionally by roller 8.
  • the birefringence of the polyester filament yarn wound up on the pirn l is 0.030 to 0.145. It is necessary that such a filament yarn should be processed between the feed rollers 4 and 4' and the delivery rollers 7 and 7' under the draft which satisfy the foregoing Equation l.
  • Generally draft (dr) is determined by the following equation.
  • V V1 stands for the peripheral speed of the feed roller 4, 4' and V for the peripheral speed of delivery roller 7, 7.
  • the type of the false twist crimping is not particularly restricted, but the spindle method is especially preferred. If desired, a secondary heater may be provided between the spindle 6 and the delivery rollers 7 and 7 in order to heat-treat the crimped yarn and reduce the torque of the yarn.
  • the numeral 10 shows a cheese, 11 an undrawn polyester yarn, 12 a roller for exerting a preliminary tension, 13 a hot feed roller, 14 a draw roller, 15 a guide and 16 a drawn yarn.
  • a preliminary tension to the yarn to an extent such that the undrawn yarn will not substantially be drawn between the roller 12 and the hot roller 13.
  • This can desirably be done by controlling the peripheral speed ratio between the roller 12 and the hot roller 13.
  • the proper ratio of peripheral speed between the roller 12 and the hot roller 13 is about 1: 1001-1030.
  • a heat-treating device such as a slit heater or hot plate may be provided between the hot roller and the draw roller in order to heat set the drawn yarn.
  • the starting polyester filament yarn to be false twistcrimped by the process of the invention can be obtained by drawing an ordinary undrawn polyester yarn at a low draw ratio in dry heat using a heated feed roller, heated drawing pin or plate or wet heat (including warm water bath).
  • a suitable draw ratio (Dr) according to the birefringence (Am) of the undrawn yarn.
  • Dr draw ratio
  • Am birefringence
  • the drawn polyester filaments can have a birefringence of 0.030 to 0.145.
  • the desired polyester filaments can be obtained by maintaining the drawing tension at 0.01 to 1.00 g/de in a water bath at 80 to l00C.
  • the drawing under these specified conditions leads to the formation of filament yarns which are molecularly oriented uniformly and free from necking. It is therefore necessary to adjust the drawing tension to a range of 0.01 to 1.00 g/de. If the drawing tension is less than 0.01 g/de, substantial molecular orientation does not occur, and the drawn yarn has much the samephysical properties as an undrawn yarn. On the other hand, when the drawing tension exceeds 1.00 g/de, a high degree of molecular orientation occurs in the filament, and the properties become the same as those of the conventional polyester filaments.
  • the drawing tension varies depending upon such factors as the type of the undrawn yarn, the temperature of the draw bath, the draw ratio, or the draw speed.
  • the drawing tension will become 0.01 1.00 g/de when the yarn is drawn at a draw ratio of 1.40 to 2.80 at a draw bath temperature of about 90C. and at a feed rate of 300 meters per minute.
  • an undrawn filament yarn extruded from a spinning nozzle is drawn between two pairs of rollers without prior wind-up, or an undrawn filament extruded from a spinning nozzle is first wound up on a bobbin rotating at peripheral speed of 3,000 meters per minute, and molecular orientation is induced in the meantime to form filaments having the desired birefringence.
  • British Pat. No. 777,625 discloses that an undrawn yarn is drawn to more than several times the original length and simultaneously false twist-crimped.
  • a tension as high as at least 0.2 g/de is exerted on the yarn, although it depends on the physical properties of the yarn, and under such a high tension, the twisting effect on the yarn is hardly obtainable. Therefore, this process can give a drawn yarn, but not a crimped yarn of practical value.
  • drawing and false twist crimping are simultaneously performed, there will be a greater nonuniformity of dyeing if the processing is done under such conditions as to give good crimped yarns; thus, it is impossible to obtain serviceable crimped yarns by the process disclosed in this British Patent.
  • British Pat. No. 746,992 discloses the imparting of a draft of 0.5 to 20 percent at the time of false twisting.
  • the starting raw yarn to be processed is a completely oriented or highly oriented drawn yarn (birefringence of greater than 0.160) of Terylene or Dacron.
  • the drafting performed in the British Patent is intended to obtain twist yarns having uniform twist effect and to prevent duplicating twists, etc., when the yarn is false twist crimped in an overfeed state in a conventional manner.
  • the undrawn polyester yarns used in the present invention are a substantially non-oriented polyester filament consisting of a polyester containing at least percent of ethylene terephthalate units.
  • the preferred polyester is polyethylene terephthalate, but copolyesters containing less 'than 20 percent of other copolymerizable components may also be used.
  • other acid components to be copolymerized with ethylene terephthalate include dibasic acids such as phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, adipic acid, oxalic acid, sebacis acid, suberic acid, glutaric acid, pimelic acid, fumaric acid, or succinic acid.
  • Examples of other alcohol components that can be copolymerized with ethylene terephthalate are dihydric alcohols such as polymethylene glycols having two to 10 carbon atoms (trimethylene glycol and butylene glycol, for example), cyclohexane dimethanol, etc.
  • the polyester may contain a minor amount of a modifier such as 5-oxydimethyl isophthalate, 5-oxydimethyl hexahydroisophthalate, benzene-l ,3,5-tricarboxylic acids, para-carbomethoxyphenyl diethyl phosphonate, 3,5-dicarboxy phenyl diethyl phosphate, pentaerythritol, glycol, phosphoric acid, triphenyl phosphate, tri-l-carbomethoxyphenyl phosphate, triphenyl arsenite, tricapryl boric acid, sorbitan, trimesic acid, or diethylene glycol.
  • the polyester may contain a small amount of another polymer such as a polyamide, polycarbonate, or polyolefin.
  • the undrawn polyester yarns used in the present invention may be those obtained by melt-spinning the aforementioned-polyesters. Especially preferred are those having a denier size of not more than denier per monofilament, a birefringence of 0.002 to 0.020, and an intrinsic viscosity of 0.3 1.2, as computed from the value measured in o-chlorophenol at 35C.
  • the drawing of an undrawn yarn composed of a polyester having an intrinsic viscosity of less than 0.5 presents difficulties in operation such as the occurrence of fuzzes in an ordinary hot pin drawing procedure. in such a case, the undrawn yarn of a polyester of low detained by subjecting the aforementioned false twista torque ofnot more than 26 (T/25 cm).
  • the torque and the density used in the invention are gree of polymerization can be satisfactorily drawn by determined as follows: using the hot roller drawing procedure.
  • D. Torque The undrawn yarn may not only have a circular sec- The specimen false twist-crimped yarn is set at both tion, but also a n0n-circular section such as triangle, ends spaced from each other at a distance of about 1 quadangle, pentagonal, flat, or cruciform section and a m, and a load of about 1 mg/de is applied to the central hollow section such as doughnut or non-circular hollow p t O the yarn. The yarn is bent at the point of the ti load.
  • a low torque g g n r 38 a sul 0f t ending is maxifalse twist-crimped ol te am f hi hl im d mum.
  • the torque is expressed by the number of twists dyeability can be obtained by dexterously combining Present P r 25 cm f th yarn for unthe birefringence of the polyester filaments, the conditwisting- A crimped y having a larger number of tions for drawing the filaments, the draft at the time of twists has a larger q
  • the torque Values described false twist crimping procedure which is dependent on in the present application are the averages of the meathe birefringence, and the processing temperatures.
  • the crimping operation can be performed at lower Densityi temperatures than in the conventional methods, and 20
  • the p m is P into a nsi y gr i nt tub f the resulting crimped yarns have comparable percentn-heptane-cafbofl tetrachloride using a float age crimp, and good dye exhaustion which hardly fluc- (Precision 2 X g/ m (made y Shi ayama tuates even with the false twisting temperatures.
  • the density is advantage of the present invention resides in the fact 25 Sured after a p of 48 hours h d f l t i p i d yams can b b i d
  • the invention will further be described by the followeven when the false twisting temperature is below ing Examples- 200C.
  • the invention also has the advantage that at this I 7' 7 '7 V temperature, there is hardly any change in the differ- EXAMPLE 1 ence of dye exhaustion, and no inspection is necessary Polyethylene terephthalate chips having an intrinsic to sort out the yarns according to the difference of dye viscosity of 0.65 were melted at 288C, and extruded exhaustion.
  • the false twisting temperature can be through a spinneret having 24 orifices, each having a maintained at a low level helps to increase the speed of diameter of 0.25 mm, followed by windingup as untwisting to a marked extent, and this has a great indusdrawn filaments.
  • the length of the heater of the false filaments was 0.63, and they had a birefringence of twister and the size (especially height) of the machine 1050 X 10
  • the drawing conditions of the undrawn are naturally restricted, and with increasing processing filaments, the properties of the drawn filaments, and temperatures, the speed of processing must be reduced the conditions under which the drawn filaments were in order to obtain the desired heat-treatment effects.
  • Flase twist number of false twists (TIM) 3380 3380 3380 3380 3380 crimping draft 21 l -2 14 conditions processing speed (m/min) I00 100 I00 100 twist tension at C. (gr/dc) sired heat-treating effects can be obtained within shorter periods of time, and therefore higher speeds of processing.
  • the false twist-crimped polyester yarns of the invention have a density of 1.3800 5 d 1.3950 (g/cm) which the conventional yarns having a total percentage crimp of not less than 30 percent cannot possess, and this contributes to the marked improvement of dyeing properties.
  • the modified false twist-crimped polyester yarns ob- Ten spindles were used for the crimping of the drawn filaments.
  • the temperatures were varied from spindle to spindle by a maximum of i 4C. based on the standard spindle.
  • i 4C. a maximum of i 4C.
  • TC total percentage crimps
  • the dye exhaustion difference (D maximum dye exhaustion minimum dye exhaustion) is negligibly small at temperatures at which the total percentage crimps of the yarns are large.
  • EXKMPTQE 2 7 does not occur, and the dye exhaustion difference is
  • the conditions for the drawing of undrawn filaments obtained in Example 1, the properties of the resulting drawn filaments, and the conditions for false twist' crimping of the drawn filaments using a false twisting crimping apparatus of the type shown in FIG. 4 are given in Table 3.
  • False twist number of false twists (T/M) 3380 3380 3380 3380 crimping draft 16 6 2 10 conditions processing speed (m/min) 100 100 100 twist tension at 190C. (gr/dc) 0.110 0.102 0.087 0.093
  • Table 4 QQmLtued Total percentage crimp Dyeing properties Density of Processing Standard Crimp Standard Dyeing standard temperature spindle difference spindle difference spindle (C.) Sample (TCs) (ATC) (Ds) (AD) (g/cm) 6 45.4. S4.0 36.8 S 2.0 1.3822 H 46.0 S 2.0 36.0 s 0.2 1.3819
  • False twist number of false twists (T/M) 3380 3380 3380 3380 crimping draft 35 10 -6 5 conditions processing speed (m/min) 100 100 100 100 twist tension at 190C. (gr/dc)
  • Ten spindles were used for the crimping of the drawn yarns. The temperatures were varied from spindle to spindle by maximum of i 4C. based on the standard spindle. Thus, ten false twist-crimped yarns were ob-.
  • the total percentage crimps and dyeingproper 45 uniformity among the spindles.
  • drawspeed m/min 200 1000 1000 200 Physical denier size (de/fil) 101.24 81.1/24 75.0/24 89.7/24 properties birefringence (An) 0.021 0.168 0.168 0.021 of the tenacity at 3.0 5.1 5.1 3.0 break (g/de) drawn yarn elongation at break 28 28 160 density (g/cm) 1.348 1.380 1.380 1.348
  • False twist number of false twists (T/M) 3380 3380 3380 3380 crimping draft 30 4 -4 5 conditions processing speed (m/min) 100 100 100 100 twist tension at 190C. (gr/dc) 0.084 0.385
  • EXAMPLE 3 Polyethylene terephthalate chips having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.65 were melted at 288C, extruded through a spinneret having 30 orifices, each having a diameter of 0.25 mm, and woundup as undrawn yarns.
  • the undrawn yarns had an intrinsic viscosity of 0.62 and a birefringence of 560 X 10
  • Sample (TCs) (A TC) (Ds) (A D) (g/cm) .1 occurrence of non-untwisted yarns and melt-adhered yarns
  • L s 8 45.2 s 0.5 1.3873 N 21.3 5 8 43.6 0.5 1.3872 P occurrence of non-untwisted yarns and melt-adhered yarns
  • .I occurrence of non-untwisted yarns and melt-adhered yarns
  • Drawing conditions heating means warm water hot roller hot roller hot roller temperature (C) 98 87 85 85 draw ratio (1) 2.40 2.60 2.85 3.4 draw speed (m/min) 600 800 800 800 Physical properties denier Size (dc/01) 168.0/ 1620/30 157.5/30 154.5/30 of the drawn yarn birefringence (A n) 0.068 0.085 0.106 0.124
  • i i f crimped polyester yarn which comprises s ubjecting the I.
  • a false twispcrimpm polyester yam havihg a d'enj 40 I false twisti-ctrllmped polyester yarn obtained 1n(;: la1mh3 1;; (d) of 1.3800 s d 2 1.3950 (g/cm 9 total a i i g fi a a l fi a 1 percentage crimp (TC) OfTC g 30 s:rnpera ure a w to e yarn as een tnltta y ea 2.
  • a modified false twist-crlmped polyester yarn hav-

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
US00131242A 1970-04-06 1971-04-05 False twist-crimped polyester yarns and process for their production Expired - Lifetime US3797221A (en)

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JP2923670 1970-04-06
NL7113594A NL7113594A (en) 1970-04-06 1971-10-04 Mfg false twisted or modified false twisted polyester yarns

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CA (1) CA945844A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH525298A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE2166906A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR2089237A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB1333679A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
HK (1) HK7877A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
MY (1) MY7700177A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (1) NL7113594A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3936999A (en) * 1970-04-06 1976-02-10 Teijin Ltd. False twist-crimped polyester yarns production
US3987136A (en) * 1972-11-10 1976-10-19 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Process for the production of a synthetic fiber cord
US4098097A (en) * 1976-05-28 1978-07-04 Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Fabrics made from as spun untwisted yarn
US4296058A (en) * 1978-10-23 1981-10-20 Celanese Corporation Process for enhancing the uniformity of dye uptake of false twist texturized polyethylene terephthalate fibrous materials
US4487011A (en) * 1981-04-18 1984-12-11 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process for making a texturized profile yarn, and the resulting yarns
US4539805A (en) * 1982-02-19 1985-09-10 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Process and apparatus for producing easily dyeable polyester false-twisted yarns
US5234645A (en) * 1986-10-31 1993-08-10 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyester fiber process
US5308564A (en) * 1986-10-31 1994-05-03 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyester fiber process
US5313776A (en) * 1987-11-17 1994-05-24 Rhone-Poulenc Viscosuisse Sa Process for manufacturing an elastic bulk yarn
US20230295841A1 (en) * 2020-08-19 2023-09-21 Hyosung TNC Corporation Polyester yarn and method for manufacturing same

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3771307A (en) * 1971-08-24 1973-11-13 Du Pont Drawing and bulking polyester yarns
SE392299B (sv) * 1971-08-24 1977-03-21 Du Pont Forfarande och medel for framstellning av garn med dragen och snodd textur
JPS51225B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1971-12-20 1976-01-06
DE2211843A1 (de) * 1972-03-11 1973-09-20 Hoechst Ag Verwendung unverstreckter polyaethylenterephthalatfaeden
DD104328A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1972-06-28 1974-03-05
JPS4936921A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1972-08-17 1974-04-05
JPS4955919A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1972-09-29 1974-05-30
JPS49134926A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-05-09 1974-12-25
JPS5327387B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * 1973-12-05 1978-08-08
GB1554763A (en) * 1975-06-11 1979-10-31 Toray Industries Texured polyester yarns and process for the production thereof
JPS5777333A (en) * 1980-10-30 1982-05-14 Kanebo Ltd Production of extensible polyester yarn

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB746992A (en) * 1953-04-16 1956-03-21 Heberlein & Co Ag Improvements in or relating to a process and device for the manufacture of permanently crimped or waved yarn from fully synthetic organic textile fibres
US2980492A (en) * 1958-05-27 1961-04-18 Du Pont Process for preparing textile yarns
US3458986A (en) * 1968-04-12 1969-08-05 Eastman Kodak Co Composite yarn
US3534541A (en) * 1969-07-15 1970-10-20 Du Pont Crimped yarn and process of making same
US3587220A (en) * 1967-09-13 1971-06-28 Ici Ltd Differential shrinkage yarn and fabric made therefrom
US3601972A (en) * 1968-07-12 1971-08-31 Ici Ltd Drawing and bulking of synthetic filament yarns

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB777625A (en) * 1955-01-28 1957-06-26 Ici Ltd Process for the manufacture of improved yarns

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB746992A (en) * 1953-04-16 1956-03-21 Heberlein & Co Ag Improvements in or relating to a process and device for the manufacture of permanently crimped or waved yarn from fully synthetic organic textile fibres
US2980492A (en) * 1958-05-27 1961-04-18 Du Pont Process for preparing textile yarns
US3587220A (en) * 1967-09-13 1971-06-28 Ici Ltd Differential shrinkage yarn and fabric made therefrom
US3458986A (en) * 1968-04-12 1969-08-05 Eastman Kodak Co Composite yarn
US3601972A (en) * 1968-07-12 1971-08-31 Ici Ltd Drawing and bulking of synthetic filament yarns
US3534541A (en) * 1969-07-15 1970-10-20 Du Pont Crimped yarn and process of making same

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3936999A (en) * 1970-04-06 1976-02-10 Teijin Ltd. False twist-crimped polyester yarns production
US3987136A (en) * 1972-11-10 1976-10-19 Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Process for the production of a synthetic fiber cord
US4098097A (en) * 1976-05-28 1978-07-04 Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Fabrics made from as spun untwisted yarn
US4296058A (en) * 1978-10-23 1981-10-20 Celanese Corporation Process for enhancing the uniformity of dye uptake of false twist texturized polyethylene terephthalate fibrous materials
US4487011A (en) * 1981-04-18 1984-12-11 Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft Process for making a texturized profile yarn, and the resulting yarns
US4539805A (en) * 1982-02-19 1985-09-10 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Process and apparatus for producing easily dyeable polyester false-twisted yarns
US5234645A (en) * 1986-10-31 1993-08-10 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyester fiber process
US5308564A (en) * 1986-10-31 1994-05-03 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Polyester fiber process
US5313776A (en) * 1987-11-17 1994-05-24 Rhone-Poulenc Viscosuisse Sa Process for manufacturing an elastic bulk yarn
US20230295841A1 (en) * 2020-08-19 2023-09-21 Hyosung TNC Corporation Polyester yarn and method for manufacturing same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2089237A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1972-01-07
HK7877A (en) 1977-02-17
CH525298A (de) 1972-03-30
DE2166906A1 (de) 1976-06-24
MY7700177A (en) 1977-12-31
DE2116502A1 (de) 1971-10-21
GB1333679A (en) 1973-10-10
NL7113594A (en) 1973-04-06
CA945844A (en) 1974-04-23

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