US3794591A - Sequestering agent solutions stabilized with lithium ions - Google Patents
Sequestering agent solutions stabilized with lithium ions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3794591A US3794591A US00224627A US3794591DA US3794591A US 3794591 A US3794591 A US 3794591A US 00224627 A US00224627 A US 00224627A US 3794591D A US3794591D A US 3794591DA US 3794591 A US3794591 A US 3794591A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- lithium
- solution
- sequestering agent
- ions
- ion
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 title abstract description 35
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 23
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 21
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical class NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-HQMMCQRPSA-N Ethanol-14C Chemical compound C[14CH2]O LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-HQMMCQRPSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 36
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000010933 acylation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005917 acylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 7
- -1 for example Chemical compound 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 6
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000005461 organic phosphorous group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960003975 potassium Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000007686 potassium Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- ZNBNBTIDJSKEAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[7-hydroxy-2-[5-[5-[6-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5-dimethyloxan-2-yl]-3-methyloxolan-2-yl]-5-methyloxolan-2-yl]-2,8-dimethyl-1,10-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-9-yl]-2-methyl-3-propanoyloxypentanoic acid Chemical compound C1C(O)C(C)C(C(C)C(OC(=O)CC)C(C)C(O)=O)OC11OC(C)(C2OC(C)(CC2)C2C(CC(O2)C2C(CC(C)C(O)(CO)O2)C)C)CC1 ZNBNBTIDJSKEAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Disodium Chemical compound [Na][Na] QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002169 ethanolamines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000378 hydroxylammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium sulfate Inorganic materials [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 3-aminoazetidine-1-carboxylate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CC(N)C1 RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium ion Chemical compound [K+] NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WETWJCDKMRHUPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetyl chloride Chemical compound CC(Cl)=O WETWJCDKMRHUPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012346 acetyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BBLSYMNDKUHQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L dilithium;sulfite Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S([O-])=O BBLSYMNDKUHQAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCIDZIIHRGYJAE-YGFYJFDDSA-L dipotassium;[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].OC[C@H]1O[C@H](OP([O-])([O-])=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O KCIDZIIHRGYJAE-YGFYJFDDSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Inorganic materials [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Inorganic materials [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JJYPMNFTHPTTDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N meta-toluidine Natural products CC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 JJYPMNFTHPTTDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004682 monohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100000989 no adverse effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)Cl FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020004 porter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RZWZRACFZGVKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N propanoyl chloride Chemical compound CCC(Cl)=O RZWZRACFZGVKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000021148 sequestering of metal ion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
- G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
- G03C5/29—Development processes or agents therefor
- G03C5/305—Additives other than developers
- G03C5/3053—Tensio-active agents or sequestering agents, e.g. water-softening or wetting agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F5/00—Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/08—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents
- C02F5/10—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances
- C02F5/14—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances containing phosphorus
- C02F5/145—Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents using organic substances containing phosphorus combined with inorganic substances
Definitions
- R is a lower alkyl radical having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, inhibits the formation of the white precipitate characteristically produced when sequestrants of this type are used to sequester ions of heavy metals such as calcium.
- Alkali metal, ammonium and ethanolamine salts of compounds of the above formula and mono and dialkyl esters thereof with methanol, ethanol, propanol and butanol also provide useful sequestering agents.
- the present invention relates to improved methods for sequestering heavy metal ions and in particular to photographic developer solutions which contain such heavy metal ion sequestering agents and small amounts of lithium.
- R is a lower alkyl group having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms and the use of these materials as complex formers (sequestering agents) for metal ions and particularly polyvalent metal ions.
- Yet another object of the present invention is the provision of sequestering solutions of the aforementioned organic acylation products of phosphorous acid (and in particular color photographic developer solutions) which when used to sequester, for example, calcium ion, do not produce the aforementioned white precipitate.
- acylation products can be produced, e.g. by reacting phosphorous acid with acid anhydrides and/0r acid chlorides, especially those of acetic, propionic, butyric, valeric and caproic acid.
- acid anhydrides and/0r acid chlorides especially those of acetic, propionic, butyric, valeric and caproic acid.
- the anhydride and the chloride are used simultaneously, they must be derived from the same acid, e.g. the anhydride and the chloride of acetic acid can be used simultaneously, but not acetic anhydride together with propionic chloride.
- phosphorus trichloride can be reacted with one of the carboxylic acids themselves.
- Particularly readily available are the reaction products of phosphorous acid with acetic anhydride, with acetyl chloride or with a mixture thereof.
- the reactions opportunely are carried out at elevated temperatures, preferably between 50 and 200 C.
- the concentration of sequestering agent may range from 1 mol per 5000 mols of metal up to stoichiometric quantities of sequestering agent and polyvalent metal ion.
- the concentration of lithium ion ranges between about 100 and 450 p.p.m. Below this range insufficient lithium is present to inhibit precipitate formation while at concentrations substantially above this range undesirable sensitometric effects occur which make use of such levels of lithium in a photographic environment practically impossible.
- the effective upper limit of lithium ion concentration can be governed by one or more of the following factors: (1) tolerance of the solution for lithium ion; (2) the upper limit of solubility of the source of lithium ion in the particular solution; and (3) perhaps in some cases toxicity levels of lithium compounds which might to some degree limit their use.
- the lithium ion can be supplied to the solution of sequestering agent in any suitable form.
- This generally will be as a soluble salt of lithium, for example as lithium sulfate, lithium sulfite, lithium hydroxide, etc.
- a soluble salt of lithium for example as lithium sulfate, lithium sulfite, lithium hydroxide, etc.
- ions for example, sulfite, sulfate, buffer (i.e. borate, carbonate, etc.) and halogen ion
- the lithium is advantageously added as lithium carbonate.
- lithium hydroxide In a developer which contains a sequestering agent of the type described and a borate buffer the lithium is advantageously added as lithium hydroxide. Similarly lithium sulfate is preferred when the developer contains hydroxylamine sulfate. Since it is generally advisable to maintain a low halogen ion concentration in photographic developers, the addition of lithium as lithium chloride, bromide or iodide generally produces undesirable sensitometric effects, however, in other sequestering mediums where halogen ion content produces no adverse effect lithium ion can be provided in the form of a halogen salt.
- the concentration of lithium in the sequestering bath may vary broadly within the limits described above, superior results are achieved when the ratio of lithium ion to other alkali metal ions in the solution ranges from about 0.5 to 1.5: 1. At this level of lithium ion substantially complete freedom from undesirable precipitate is noted.
- Example 1 A photographic developer solution having the following composition Hydroxylamine sulfate gm 4.5 Sodium hydroxide (50%) gm 80 Benzyl alcohol ml 15.7 Potassium hydroxide gm 51 Sodium sulfite gm 1.9 Boric acid gm 19.0 4-amino N ethyl-N[fi-methanesulfonamidoethyl]- m-toluidine (sesquisulfate monohydrate) gm 5.3
- Example 2 The method of Example 1 was repeated except that the addition to the seasoned developer comprised: 0.25 M K 00 1 ml./l., 60% aqueous solution of sequestering agent 1 and p.p.m. Ca'
- Example 4 The following Table IV gives the time (in days) until noticeable precipitate formed in an aqueous 0.25 M K CO solution containing 1 ml./l. of a 60% aqueous solution of l-hydroxyethylidene-l,l-diphosphortic acid.
- Ca++ concentration (p.p.m.). 100 200 100 200 100 200 100 200 Li+ concentration:
- a sequestering agent for said polyvalent metal ions said sequestering agent being selected from the group consisting of (a) phosphorus compounds of the formula R HO 1' E 1'LOH where R is an alkyl group of from 1 to carbon atoms,
- alkali metal ions selected from the group consisting of sodium ions and potassium ions in a concentration capable of resulting in the formation of a precipitate of said sequestering agent
- a solution as claimed in claim 1 wherein said polyvalent metal ions are calcium ions.
- a solution as claimed in claim 1 wherein the concentration of said lithium ions is from about 100 p.p.m. to about 450 p.p.m.
- lithium ions in an amount sufiicient to substantially prevent the formation of a precipitate of the l-hydroxyethylidene-l, l-diphosphonic acid.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US22462772A | 1972-02-08 | 1972-02-08 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3794591A true US3794591A (en) | 1974-02-26 |
Family
ID=22841479
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00224627A Expired - Lifetime US3794591A (en) | 1972-02-08 | 1972-02-08 | Sequestering agent solutions stabilized with lithium ions |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3794591A (forum.php) |
| JP (1) | JPS5639359B2 (forum.php) |
| AR (1) | AR201425A1 (forum.php) |
| AU (1) | AU473440B2 (forum.php) |
| BE (1) | BE795156A (forum.php) |
| BR (1) | BR7300928D0 (forum.php) |
| CA (1) | CA1006736A (forum.php) |
| CH (1) | CH576157A5 (forum.php) |
| DE (1) | DE2306272C3 (forum.php) |
| FR (1) | FR2171220B1 (forum.php) |
| GB (1) | GB1420014A (forum.php) |
| HK (1) | HK64676A (forum.php) |
| IT (1) | IT978925B (forum.php) |
| NL (1) | NL7301760A (forum.php) |
| SE (1) | SE388293B (forum.php) |
| ZA (1) | ZA73907B (forum.php) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3994730A (en) * | 1972-09-22 | 1976-11-30 | Agfa-Gevaert, A.G. | Photographic color developer mixture |
| US4046570A (en) * | 1975-06-13 | 1977-09-06 | Agfa-Gevaert N.V. | Hardening fixer for photographic silver halide material |
| US4666481A (en) * | 1986-03-10 | 1987-05-19 | Union Carbide Corporation | Process for producing liquid helium |
| EP0782042A2 (en) | 1995-12-27 | 1997-07-02 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Hydrazine compound and silver halide photographic photosensitive material comprising the same |
| EP0789272A1 (en) | 1996-02-07 | 1997-08-13 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Developer for silver halide photographic photosensitive material |
| EP1975698A1 (en) | 2007-03-23 | 2008-10-01 | FUJIFILM Corporation | Method and apparatus for producing conductive material |
| EP2009977A2 (en) | 2007-05-09 | 2008-12-31 | FUJIFILM Corporation | Electromagnetic shielding film and optical filter |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07111571B2 (ja) * | 1987-09-03 | 1995-11-29 | 富士写真フイルム株式会社 | ハロゲン化銀カラー写真感光材料の処理方法 |
-
0
- BE BE795156D patent/BE795156A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1972
- 1972-02-08 US US00224627A patent/US3794591A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1973
- 1973-01-22 CA CA161,782A patent/CA1006736A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-02-06 AU AU51852/73A patent/AU473440B2/en not_active Expired
- 1973-02-07 CH CH175173A patent/CH576157A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-02-07 BR BR73928A patent/BR7300928D0/pt unknown
- 1973-02-07 FR FR7304244A patent/FR2171220B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-02-08 SE SE7301730A patent/SE388293B/xx unknown
- 1973-02-08 AR AR246481A patent/AR201425A1/es active
- 1973-02-08 JP JP1522773A patent/JPS5639359B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1973-02-08 DE DE2306272A patent/DE2306272C3/de not_active Expired
- 1973-02-08 ZA ZA730907A patent/ZA73907B/xx unknown
- 1973-02-08 NL NL7301760A patent/NL7301760A/xx unknown
- 1973-02-08 IT IT20166/73A patent/IT978925B/it active
- 1973-02-08 GB GB626073A patent/GB1420014A/en not_active Expired
-
1976
- 1976-10-14 HK HK646/76*UA patent/HK64676A/xx unknown
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3994730A (en) * | 1972-09-22 | 1976-11-30 | Agfa-Gevaert, A.G. | Photographic color developer mixture |
| US4046570A (en) * | 1975-06-13 | 1977-09-06 | Agfa-Gevaert N.V. | Hardening fixer for photographic silver halide material |
| US4666481A (en) * | 1986-03-10 | 1987-05-19 | Union Carbide Corporation | Process for producing liquid helium |
| EP0782042A2 (en) | 1995-12-27 | 1997-07-02 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Hydrazine compound and silver halide photographic photosensitive material comprising the same |
| EP0789272A1 (en) | 1996-02-07 | 1997-08-13 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Developer for silver halide photographic photosensitive material |
| EP1975698A1 (en) | 2007-03-23 | 2008-10-01 | FUJIFILM Corporation | Method and apparatus for producing conductive material |
| EP2009977A2 (en) | 2007-05-09 | 2008-12-31 | FUJIFILM Corporation | Electromagnetic shielding film and optical filter |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR7300928D0 (pt) | 1973-09-20 |
| AU5185273A (en) | 1974-08-08 |
| NL7301760A (forum.php) | 1973-08-10 |
| BE795156A (fr) | 1973-08-08 |
| HK64676A (en) | 1976-10-22 |
| DE2306272A1 (de) | 1973-08-16 |
| DE2306272C3 (de) | 1980-10-16 |
| CA1006736A (en) | 1977-03-15 |
| ZA73907B (en) | 1973-11-28 |
| IT978925B (it) | 1974-09-20 |
| JPS5639359B2 (forum.php) | 1981-09-12 |
| AR201425A1 (es) | 1975-03-14 |
| GB1420014A (en) | 1976-01-07 |
| CH576157A5 (forum.php) | 1976-05-31 |
| FR2171220A1 (forum.php) | 1973-09-21 |
| DE2306272B2 (de) | 1980-02-14 |
| SE388293B (sv) | 1976-09-27 |
| FR2171220B1 (forum.php) | 1976-11-05 |
| JPS4890983A (forum.php) | 1973-11-27 |
| AU473440B2 (en) | 1976-06-24 |
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