US3793007A - Manganese compositions - Google Patents
Manganese compositions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US3793007A US3793007A US00161876A US3793007DA US3793007A US 3793007 A US3793007 A US 3793007A US 00161876 A US00161876 A US 00161876A US 3793007D A US3793007D A US 3793007DA US 3793007 A US3793007 A US 3793007A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- manganese
- percent
- aluminum
- flux
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Manganese chloride Chemical class Cl[Mn]Cl GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000002867 manganese chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001512 metal fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- -1 manganese, fluorides Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 21
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[K+] NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011698 potassium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910021380 Manganese Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011565 manganese chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000003270 potassium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910021569 Manganese fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 108091006629 SLC13A2 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910007926 ZrCl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000538 analytical sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CTNMMTCXUUFYAP-UHFFFAOYSA-L difluoromanganese Chemical compound F[Mn]F CTNMMTCXUUFYAP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002696 manganese Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004876 x-ray fluorescence Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
Definitions
- ABSTRACT A method, articles and compositions are described for the direct addition of manganese metal to molten aluminum, which provide more rapid dissolution of the manganese in the aluminum than has been possible heretofore.
- the manganese is added to the molten aluminum in powder form (minus 14 mesh) in intimate admixture with a flux capable of forming a molten 9 Claims, No Drawings MANGANESE COMPOSITIONS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
- Alloys of aluminum containing small amounts of manganese are widely known and used in the art and .articles made from such alloys constitute a large proter alloys, which are intended to be dissolved in molten aluminum to make ordinary manganese containing aluminum alloys, may contain from about 4 to 30 percent manganese. As a rule, however, lesser amounts of manganese, i.e., from 1% percent down to as little as about 0.01 percent are employed in commercial aluminum alloys.
- type 3003 aluminummanganese alloy which contains from about 1.0 to 1% percent manganese, retains the high corrosion resistance of pure aluminum, but has much greater strength than commercial pure aluminum and also exhibits excellent forming and welding properties which adapt it for use in a wide variety of applications, such as in aluminum foil and extruded shaped articles.
- Type 5056 manganese-aluminum alloy which contains about 0.01 percent manganese, is a well known example of the low manganese alloys.
- alloying materials such as manganese be introduced to light metal melts such as aluminum in the form of briquettes containing pulverized alloying materials in combination with the I chlorides of thealloying material and other chlorides, with or without the addition of a fluoride. More specifically, the suggested briquettes would contain the pulverized alloying material in amounts equivalent to 8 to 10 times the total chloride content. For alloying manganese with a light metal the briquettes would contain about percent manganese powder, about 10 percent manganous chloride and about 10 percent of other chlorides, preferably 5 percent sodium chloride and 5 percent potassium chloride.
- a fluoride capable of dissolving the deoxidation products formed during alloying may also bee'mployed.
- manganous chloride is considered to be an essential ingredient of the briquettes suggested by the Austrian patent.
- Manganous chloride being a hygroscopic material, tends to pick up sufficient moisture from the atmosphere to cause excessively violent agitation of the molten aluminum bath and is, therefore, difficult to employ on a commercial scale.
- the present invention provides a method, articles and compositions for the direct addition of manganese metal to molten aluminum in such a way as to overcome the disadvantages of the methods of the prior art I added to the molten aluminum bath in amounts to provide the desired concentration of manganese in the final alloy, e.g., from about 0.1 to 1.5 percent or up to 3 percent by weight of manganese in the aluminum alloy. Inasmuch as the manganese-flux compositions concent by weight of the additive, depending on the concentration of manganese in the additive.
- the manganese employed in the additive compositions of the present invention may be derived from any known source according to known techniques, such as by the pyrometallurgical reduction of ore, or by electrolysis. Electrolytic'manganese is preferred, however.
- the manganese metal is reduced to the form of a freeflowing powder by known grinding techniques. When using electrolytic manganese, such as chips of the metal formed by breaking manganese away from the cathode on which it has been plated, it is preferred to remove any adherent electrolyte by washing, suitable chemical treatment, or both.
- the powdered manganese-flux additive compositions of the invention maybe formed by simply mixing the powdered manganese and dry flux materials in conventional mixing apparatus to obtain a dry, free-flowing powder. It is not essential, however, that the flux be in powder form and if desired the powdered manganese may be incorporated in a cake of agglomerated or tain about 90 to 97 percent of manganese by weight,
- the amount of these compositions added to the aluminum is of about the same order of magnitude, although somewhat higher, (3 to 10 percent) than the percentage of manganese desired in the final'alloy.
- the powdered manganese-flux additives may be handled in any suitable way for introduction to the molten aluminum.
- a measured quantity of the additive may simply be added to the aluminum bath manually, or a conventional vibratory feeder may be used to drop the particulate material into the bath.
- the powdered additive may be enclosed in a suitable consumable container for addition to the aluminum bath, e.g., a bag or envelope of aluminum foil, paper or a moisture. proof laminate such as polyethylene-aluminum foil-Kraft paper may be used.
- the manganese-flux powder additive may be formed into briquettes by conventional procedures and added in that form. While good results may be obtained in this way, it has been found that addition of the new compositions in free flowing powder form provides more rapid dissolution of the; manganese in the aluminum than in the compacted powder form of the briquettes, probably due to the presence of a binder.
- the invention is especially useful for adding manganese directly to the molten aluminum. to provide alloys containing from about 0.1 to 1.5 percent or up to 3 percent by weight of manganese, it may also be used to produce master aluminum alloys containing from 4 to percent of manganese by appropriate adjustment of the amounts of the new additive compositions or articles added to the aluminum bath, i.e., from somewhat more than 4 to somewhat more than 30 per- While the particle size of the manganese powder may vary widely, it is preferred that it be essentially minus 14 mesh, and primarily plus mesh. By this it is meant that substantially all of the manganese particles will pass through a standard 14 mesh screen and be retained on a standard 100 mesh screen.
- the particle size of the manganese metal be relatively fine, i.e., minus about 14 mesh, in order to promote rapid dissolution in the molten aluminum, it is preferred that no more than about 20 percent by weight of manganese particles be minus 100 mesh, in order to prevent undue losses of manganese in the final alloy due to oxidation of such fines.
- the distribution of particle sizes within the stated range is not critical and various distributions of particle sizes within the above ranges have been found to be entirely suitable.
- specific powdered manganese additives have been tested containing manganese particles of (l) substantially all minus 30 mesh and plus 100 mesh; (2 substantially all minus 30 mesh and smaller; and (3) substantially all minus 20 mesh and smaller, all mixed with about 10 percent by weight of flux based on the total additive compositions.
- the amount of flux required for best results depends to some extent upon the particle size of the manganese powder employed; the finer the manganese powder, the more flux required to prevent its oxidation.
- the particle size of the manganese powder is in the range from about minus 14 mesh to plus 100 mesh, or minus 14 mesh and smaller with no more than about 20 percent minus 100 mesh, about 3 to about 10 percent of flux, by weight of the total additive compositions is employed. From these general considerations, those skilled in the art will be able to select an appropriate flux concentration within the about 3 to about 10 percent range, or at somewhat lower or higher concentration levels for larger or smaller mesh manganese particles, respectively.
- the fluxes are chlorides or fluorides, or mixed chlorides and fluorides, and which are capable of forming a molten phase at the temperature of the molten aluminum to which the manganese-flux compositions are added in order to aid in the wetting of the manganese particles by the aluminum and thus facilitate solution of the manganese in the aluminum.
- Suitable fluxes include those described in the Tuthill US.
- the manganese powder was substantially all minus 30 mesh and plus 100 mesh and the flux consisted of 46% K Cl, 404 NaCl and cryolite.
- potassium fluoride which is an excellent flux, has a melting point of about 710C. and, therefore, when it is desired to alloy aluminum at a temperature below 710C., but above the melting point of aluminum (660C.) it is necessary to lower the melting point of the potassium fluoride by the addition of another chemically bound element.
- Suitable materials for this purpose include the chlorides and fluorides of sodium, aluminum, titanium and zirconium, and manganese fluoride.
- Manganous chloride is not desirable in a flux for aiding the dissolution of manganese in molten aluminum since, due to its hygroscopic nature, it normally carries with it sufficient moisture to cause unacceptably violent agitation of the molten aluminum bath.
- the chemical identity of the flux is not critical so long as it is capable of forming a molten phase at the temperature of the aluminum bath and also serves to aid in the wetting of the manganese particles by molten aluminum.
- Suitable fluxes include MgF K ZrF KF,AIF LiF, ZrF KCl, LiCl, MgC1- ZrCl, and mixtures of these salts.
- K TiF is a particularly suitable flux it is more expensive than the preferred flux of the invention, which consists of a mixture of KCl, NaCl and cryolite.
- An especially preferred flux consists of 40% KCl, 40% NaCl and 20 percent cryolite (Na- A1F).
- EXAMPLE 1 A series of laboratory experiments were carried out in which various manganese-containing additives were introduced to a bath of molten aluminum maintained at 746C. (1,375F); the amount of manganese in each additive being equivalent to 1.25 percent of the weight of the molten aluminum bath. Analytical samples were withdrawn from the molten aluminum bath at various intervals until 95 percent of the manganese was dissolved or until a maximum time of 84 minutes. These samples were analyzed for manganese dissolved in the aluminum bath and the calculated values of the percentage of the manganese in each additive which had dissolved were plotted against time. The time in minutes for each sample to reach 25 percent, 50 percent,
- the briquettes are made by mixing 10 ml of Acrysol 6-1 10 (an ammonium polyacrylate solution available from Rohm and Haas) as a binder in 20 ml of water with the bulk (2,551.8 to 2,807 g.) of the mixture to be briquetted and compressing the resulting material into briquettes at 15,000 psi.
- the mixed or briquetted products are immediately sealed in polyethylene-aluminum foil-Kraft paper bags to prevent those which are hygroscopic from picking up water from the atmosphere.
- samples of liquid metal are removed from the bath at the end of l, 3, 6, 9, l4, 19, 24 and 34 minute intervals.
- X(I) (C(I)*- (A+M-I*S)+S*Cl)/M l sample number X(l) percent dissolved of the Ith sample C(l) percent Mn of the 1th sample
- a weight of Al I M weight of Mn S weight of the liquid metal sample C1 sum of the manganese for all samples up to and including the Ith sample multiplication
- Table IV Percent Manganese Recovery by Variable MnCl Powder Briquette-Stirring 5 Powder Briquette All of the samples tested contained 2296.6 g of man- I ganese, substantially all of which passed a 30 mesh M stmng Mnch 23-: Q?
- N 1 the samples employed a flux containing 102.1 g of KCl, B. Stirring 4 23:; 102.1 g of NaCl and 51.0 g of cryolite (Na AlF for a 10 No total 255.2 g which is 10 percent by weight of the Mnclz 100-0 manganese-KCI-NaCl-cryolite mixture.
- the proportions of KCl:NaC1:cryolite in this flux are 40 percent; It was Observed h all h Samples Contamlng 40 percent; 20 percent, respeetivelysome f the MnCl caused such violent agitation of the bath of molpositions also contained 255.2 g of MnCl as recomten alumlhum that fhoheh a h f huhbled out mended by the Austrian patent f d to above of the pot.
- a composition according to claim 3 wherein the manganese metal is substantially all plus 100 mesh.
- a composition according to claim 1 wherein the flux consists essentially of materials selected from the group consisting of metal, chlorides other than manganese chlorides, metal fluorides, and mixtures of said chlorides and fluorides.
- composition according to claim 6 wherein said metal chlorides are selected, from the group consisting of the chlorides of sodium, potassium, aluminum, titanium, and zirconium, and said metal fluorides are selected from the group consisting of the fluorides of sodium, potassium, aluminum, titanium, zirconium and manganese.
- composition according to claim 1 wherein said flux is a mixture of sodium chloride, potassium chloride and cryolite.
- composition according to claim 1 wherein said flux contains about 40 percent sodium chloride, about 40 percent potassium chloride and about 20 percent cryolite.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US16187671A | 1971-07-12 | 1971-07-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US3793007A true US3793007A (en) | 1974-02-19 |
Family
ID=22583147
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US00161876A Expired - Lifetime US3793007A (en) | 1971-07-12 | 1971-07-12 | Manganese compositions |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3793007A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| FR (1) | FR2145943A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| NO (2) | NO132647C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
| ZA (1) | ZA724101B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3935004A (en) * | 1973-09-20 | 1976-01-27 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | Addition of alloying constituents to aluminum |
| US4171215A (en) * | 1978-07-03 | 1979-10-16 | Foote Mineral Company | Alloying addition for alloying manganese to aluminum |
| WO1994007385A1 (en) * | 1991-08-30 | 1994-04-14 | David Goldwitz | Golf glove construction |
| US5762722A (en) * | 1994-11-18 | 1998-06-09 | Zhang; Zongiiang | Covering flux for smelting aluminum and a process for its preparation |
| DE202016001530U1 (de) * | 2016-03-09 | 2017-06-12 | TWI GmbH | Pulvermetallurgisch hergestelltes manganhaltiges Vormaterial zur Herstellung einer Leichtmetalllegierung sowie seine Verwendung |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3530275A1 (de) * | 1985-08-24 | 1987-02-26 | Sueddeutsche Kalkstickstoff | Schnelloesliches zusatzmittel fuer metallschmelzen |
| DE3624005A1 (de) * | 1986-07-16 | 1988-01-28 | Sueddeutsche Kalkstickstoff | Schnelloesliches zusatzmittel fuer metallschmelzen |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2935397A (en) * | 1957-11-12 | 1960-05-03 | Union Carbide Corp | Alloy addition agent |
| US3591369A (en) * | 1969-03-17 | 1971-07-06 | Foote Mineral Co | Method of adding manganese to aluminum |
| US3592637A (en) * | 1968-02-26 | 1971-07-13 | Union Carbide Corp | Method for adding metal to molten metal baths |
-
1971
- 1971-07-12 US US00161876A patent/US3793007A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1972
- 1972-06-14 ZA ZA724101A patent/ZA724101B/xx unknown
- 1972-07-06 FR FR7224496A patent/FR2145943A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1972-07-07 NO NO2455/72A patent/NO132647C/no unknown
-
1975
- 1975-02-17 NO NO750517A patent/NO137731C/no unknown
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2935397A (en) * | 1957-11-12 | 1960-05-03 | Union Carbide Corp | Alloy addition agent |
| US3592637A (en) * | 1968-02-26 | 1971-07-13 | Union Carbide Corp | Method for adding metal to molten metal baths |
| US3591369A (en) * | 1969-03-17 | 1971-07-06 | Foote Mineral Co | Method of adding manganese to aluminum |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3935004A (en) * | 1973-09-20 | 1976-01-27 | Diamond Shamrock Corporation | Addition of alloying constituents to aluminum |
| US4171215A (en) * | 1978-07-03 | 1979-10-16 | Foote Mineral Company | Alloying addition for alloying manganese to aluminum |
| WO1994007385A1 (en) * | 1991-08-30 | 1994-04-14 | David Goldwitz | Golf glove construction |
| US5762722A (en) * | 1994-11-18 | 1998-06-09 | Zhang; Zongiiang | Covering flux for smelting aluminum and a process for its preparation |
| DE202016001530U1 (de) * | 2016-03-09 | 2017-06-12 | TWI GmbH | Pulvermetallurgisch hergestelltes manganhaltiges Vormaterial zur Herstellung einer Leichtmetalllegierung sowie seine Verwendung |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO137731B (no) | 1978-01-02 |
| NO132647B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1975-09-01 |
| NO750517L (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1973-01-15 |
| NO137731C (no) | 1978-04-12 |
| ZA724101B (en) | 1973-03-28 |
| FR2145943A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1973-02-23 |
| NO132647C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1975-12-10 |
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