US3790978A - Method and apparatus for making lasts - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for making lasts Download PDF

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Publication number
US3790978A
US3790978A US00264283A US3790978DA US3790978A US 3790978 A US3790978 A US 3790978A US 00264283 A US00264283 A US 00264283A US 3790978D A US3790978D A US 3790978DA US 3790978 A US3790978 A US 3790978A
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Prior art keywords
elements
model
set forth
last
axis
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00264283A
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English (en)
Inventor
A Condamine
R Rigal
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Centre Technique Cuir Chaussure Maroquinerie
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Centre Technique Cuir Chaussure Maroquinerie
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M13/00—Other supports for positioning apparatus or articles; Means for steadying hand-held apparatus or articles
    • F16M13/04—Other supports for positioning apparatus or articles; Means for steadying hand-held apparatus or articles for supporting on, or holding steady relative to, a person, e.g. by chains, e.g. rifle butt or pistol grip supports, supports attached to the chest or head
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25H—WORKSHOP EQUIPMENT, e.g. FOR MARKING-OUT WORK; STORAGE MEANS FOR WORKSHOPS
    • B25H1/00—Work benches; Portable stands or supports for positioning portable tools or work to be operated on thereby
    • B25H1/0021—Stands, supports or guiding devices for positioning portable tools or for securing them to the work
    • B25H1/0035—Extensible supports, e.g. telescopic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/02—Heads
    • F16M11/04—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand
    • F16M11/043—Allowing translations
    • F16M11/046—Allowing translations adapted to upward-downward translation movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/02—Heads
    • F16M11/04—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand
    • F16M11/06—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting
    • F16M11/10—Means for attachment of apparatus; Means allowing adjustment of the apparatus relatively to the stand allowing pivoting around a horizontal axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M11/00—Stands or trestles as supports for apparatus or articles placed thereon ; Stands for scientific apparatus such as gravitational force meters
    • F16M11/20—Undercarriages with or without wheels
    • F16M11/24—Undercarriages with or without wheels changeable in height or length of legs, also for transport only, e.g. by means of tubes screwed into each other
    • F16M11/26—Undercarriages with or without wheels changeable in height or length of legs, also for transport only, e.g. by means of tubes screwed into each other by telescoping, with or without folding
    • F16M11/28—Undercarriages for supports with one single telescoping pillar
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16M—FRAMES, CASINGS OR BEDS OF ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO ENGINES, MACHINES OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS; SUPPORTS
    • F16M13/00—Other supports for positioning apparatus or articles; Means for steadying hand-held apparatus or articles

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT This method of manufacturing shoe lasts made of several detachable elements, i.e., a basic standardized el- 7 ement and at least one interchangeable element dependent upon fashion, consists in marking the trace of the turning axis on the ends and on each joint plane of the model elements and of the lasts deriving therefrom, and using said trace for laying out means for the relative connection and positioning of said interchangeable elements and of said standardized elements of the model and of said lasts.
  • the present invention relates to the making of shoe lasts in general and has specific reference to an improved method of manufacturing a shoe last consisting of a plurality of assembled elements, and also to apparatus for carrying out this method.
  • the method according to this invention consists in marking the path of the turning axis on the ends and on each joint plane of the elements or sections constituting the model or pattern and of the lasts deriving therefrom, and to use this path for laying out the means for obtaining the relative connection and positioning of the interchangeable elements and of the standardized element, or of a compensating member, of the model or pattern and of the lasts, deriving therefrom.
  • the application of the method of this invention is advantageous in that it permits of machining completely the last ends because each element can be firmly secured by means of its joint or assembling plane.
  • the first interchangeable element is obtained by cutting the original model or pattern, the successive or subsequent elements being obtained by modifying the first element or machining blanks.
  • the pattern is cut simultaneously with the impression of a rotational movement to the model or pattern about the turning axis, by using a cutting tool having a predetermined thickness, and subsequently, while a cylindrical bridge of material interconnecting the two pattern elements coaxially to the turning axis, subsists the cutting tool is replaced by a thinner tool and said bridge of material is cut substantially along its median plane, whereby a cylindrical boss coaxial to the turning axis subsists in the cutting plane of each one of the two elements, thus affording an easy detection or location of this axis.
  • the cutting operation is accomplished on a last having dimensions slightly greater than those contemplated and of which the machining is completed after the assembling step.
  • each turning pattern element may be used separately for manufacturing corresponding elements throughout the range of shoe sizes fo the same model and for the same foot (right or left), provided only that the missing element be replaced by a compensating member os same length in the selected shoe size of the model and of the last element obtained by reproduction.
  • the drilling made coaxially to the turning axis from the cutting plane of each element may of course be used for positioning an assembling stud adapted to be locked in position by using suitable cross pins.
  • transverse holes for receiving the lock pins holding the assembling stud on the last elements are positioned on the end elements with the assistance of the plane defined by the edge formed by the edges of the spindles of the reproducing lathe.
  • the positioning may be obtained by using marks made accordingly on the adjacent elements, of the turning model and therefore reproduced on the turned elements.
  • the cutting apparatus for carrying out this method comprises on the one hand a circular saw having its rotatably driven shaft supported by a fixed frame structure and on the other hand a pair of bearings having a common axis parallel to that of said shaft, each bearing supporting a spindle for holding and rotatably driving about the turning axis a lathe model means for adjusting the relative spacing of the spindle ends and the distance between the bearing supporting said spindles, other means permitting the simultaneous movement of the two bearings in directions parallel and transverse, respectively to the axis of rotation of said circular saw, and' further means for angularly positioning said spindles with respect to each other.
  • the bearings are interconnected by at least one rod solid with one of them and along which the other bearing is adapted to slide or be locked in a selected axial position, each bearing being mounted on a slideway perpendicular to the axis of rotation of said saw.
  • the apparatus for drilling an end element of the model along the turning axis comprises on the one hand a fixed plate having a socket fitted therethrough, the diameter of the socket bore corresponding to that of the cylindrical boss formed on each cutting plane of each pattern element and acting as a guide to a twist drill for drilling the cavity intended for the stud assembling the model elements, and on the other hand a plate movable towards the fixed plate, or vice-versa, said last-mentioned plate supporting coaxially to said socket a three-point spindle identical with the spindle of the reproduction lathe, lateral plates provided with guide sockets perpendicular to the common axis of the first socket aforesaid and of said three-point spindle being provided for guiding the twist drill utilized for drilling the holes receiving the assembling stud locking crosspins.
  • the element to be drilled transversely is positioned with reference to marks reproduced on the turned element.
  • the three-point spindle may be replaced by any other suitable spindle, but preferably this other spindle should be the same as the lathe spindle.
  • the same apparatus may be used for drilling the last elements before or after the turning operation.
  • the member for compensating the missing element of the model or last during the turning operation comprises a rod of a length adjustable with precision and having one end adapted to be fitted to the model element or to the last element blank coaxially to the turning axis, the other end of this rod being adapted to be fitted to one of the spindles of the reproduction lathe.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 illustrate the different steps of the manufacture of a two-element last according to this method
  • FIG. illustrates the element for compensating the missing element of the model, pattern or last
  • FIG. 6 shows a typical form of embodiment of the cutting apparatus for carrying out this method
  • FIG. 7 is a typical form of embodiment of the apparatus for drilling the elements according to the method of this invention.
  • the method of this invention assuming that the position of the trace of the turning axis 3 of this model at the ends thereof is actually known consists in cutting the pattern in the desired separation plane of the future front and rear elements 2a and 2b, respectively, while marking the trace of the turning axis in each cutting plane of these two elements.
  • a typical form of embodiment of this method consists in cutting the pattern 2 while causing same to pivot about the axis 3 and performing said cutting operation in two steps as illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, respectively.
  • the cutting operation is discontinued in order to reserve a cylindrical bridge" 4 of material between the element 20 and 2b, said bridge having a diameter d and being concentric to the turning axis, of course.
  • This first step will thus cause a groove 5 having a width e to be cut circularly in the pattern 2.
  • the bridge 4 is cut by using a narrower tool than the tool used for cutting the groove 5, and this second cutting operation is performed substantially in the median plane of bridge 4.
  • each plane formed by these cutting operations comprises a cylindrical boss (i.e., 8 and 9) concentric to the turning axis 3.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a mode of assembling elements 20 and 2b of lathe model 2.
  • a pair of cylindrical bores 11 and I2 concentric to the turning axis 3 and adapted to receive an assembling stud 13 are formed.
  • a transverse hole 14, 15 is drilled through each element 20, 2b, respectively for receiving one of the cross-pins l6, 17, respectively, for locking the stud 13 in said element 2a and 2b.
  • this stud 13 is provided beforehand with a pair of transverse holes 18, 19 permitting the passage of cross pins 16 and 17.
  • each element 2a and 2b it will be an easy matter use each use of them as a turning model and therefore to reproduce this model independently of the other on a reproducing lathe, provided however, that it is assciated with the other element or to a replacement member adjustable longitudinally with the maximum precision.
  • FIG. 5 shows this member 10 associated with a blank 20 of the last element turned from a model element 2a.
  • This member 10 consisting of a rod provided with a micrometric screw permitting the precision adjustable thereof, compensates the absence of the rear element of this last. Thus, only the front element obtained with this blank will be turned, the rear element not modified by the new fashion being maintained. Then the two elements of this last are assembled with each other like the corresponding elements of the model, i.e., as illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • a same member ill may also be used with the model element 2a as a substitute for element 2b.
  • model elements may be series produces otherwise than by moulding, and thus their cost may be reduced considerably in the case of a production involving small series of articles.
  • the element 2a constitutes the toe end of the last or model and the other element 2b constitutes the heel end or main body thereof.
  • this element 2b is substantially not dependent upon the changing fashion and can therefore by mass-produced under these conditions,-a manufacture by moulding may be contemplated, although two moulds are necessary for each pair and per shoe size for this heel portion of the last or model.
  • the same toe element may on the other hand disappear (from the standpoint of fashion) during some time, and then become again fashionable; it will be easier for last manufacturers to preserve this front element of lathe or turned model than preserving as many pairs of costly moulds as may be contemplated and necessary for the complete range of shoe sizes of the same model.
  • the cutting apparatus illustrated diagrammatically in perspective in FIG. 6 comprises a fixed base plate 26 carrying a circular saw 27 having its driving shaft 23 journalled in bearing means fitted in a fixed bracket 29 and driven in turn from an electric motor 311.
  • a rectangular frame structure 33 Slidably mounted on a pair of slideways 32 parallel to said shaft 28 is a rectangular frame structure 33.
  • a pair of cross slides 34, 35 Slidably mounted but on the major side members of this frame structure 33, which are parallel to slideways 32, are a pair of cross slides 34, 35 to which are secured for longitudinal sliding movement corresponding brackets 36 and 3'7 each provided with bearing means for rotatably supporting a three-point spindle 33 and 39, respectively.
  • Means such as catch or spring-loaded pawls are provided for locking these spindles 33 and 39 against rotation so that all their points lie in a common plane. This locking action is produced when the last or model or pattern 2 to be cut is set between the spindles 33 and 39.
  • the spindle 39 comprises a crankpin 40a rigid with a wheel 449 for rotatably and manually driving the spindle.
  • a crankpin 40a rigid with a wheel 449 for rotatably and manually driving the spindle.
  • any other manual or automatic driving means may be provided, if desired.
  • brackets 36 and 37, 0f the bearing means of spindles 38 and 39 are interconnected by a pair of rod ll. parallel to the circular saw shaft 28 and therefore to the slideways 32 and to the major sides of frame structure 33.
  • rods dll are rigidly secured to bracket 37 but extend freely through bracket 36, suitable means (not shown) being provided for locking the bracket 36 at any desired point along said rods ill.
  • the function of spindles 33 and 39 is to support and rotatably drive the lathe model 2 to be cut.
  • the bracket 36 is moved along the rods Alli until the gap between the spindles 33 and 39 corresponds substantially to the length of model 2., and then the bracket 36 is locked in this position.
  • the mounting of model 2 is then obtained by axially moving the spindle 33 by means of the knurled button 412.
  • the bracket assembly 36, 3'7 constitutes a rigid assembly adapted to be fed across the axis of shaft 23 along cross slides 34 and 35.
  • An adjustable stop 43 carried by cross slide 35 permits of limiting this movement and therefore that of model 2 towards the saw 27, Le, in the direction of the arrow 34.
  • the cross slides 34 and 35 are movable bodily with the frame structure 33 along the slideways 32 to permit the movement of the cutting plane of lathe model 2 until it is coincident with the plane of the circular saw 27.
  • the cross-slides 34 and 35 can be locked in relation to frame structure 33 and the latter can be locked in relation to slideways 32.
  • the feed movement is imparted to model 2 towards the saw 27 as explained hereinabove by moving the bracets 36 and 37 in the direction of the arrow 44, along the cross slides 34 and 35. This cutting operation takes place, of course, in conjunction with the movement of rotation imparted to model 2 about its turning axis 3.
  • the function of the adjustable stop 43 is to limit the feed movement of model 2 so that at the end of the permitted feed movement a cylindrical bridge l having a diameter d be formed orleft between the elements 2a and 2b.
  • This bridge may subsequently be easily cut by using a cutting tool of awidth inferior to the thickness of saw 27.
  • the apparatus illustrated in FIG. 7 is intended for drilling, in the plane 6 of element 2a or in the plane 7 of element 2b, the cylindrical cavity 111 or 112 coaxial to the turning axis 3 for receiving the assembling stud 13.
  • This apparatus comprises a fixed plate 45 in which a socket 16 adapted to act as an axial guide member to a twist drill 47 for drilling the cavities 11 or 12 in elements 2a or 2b is fitted.
  • a socket 16 adapted to act as an axial guide member to a twist drill 47 for drilling the cavities 11 or 12 in elements 2a or 2b is fitted.
  • the diameter d of said bosses is equal to that of the bore of said socket 36.
  • the plate 45 is carried by two pairs of columns, i.e., two columns 48 and two columns 39 of greater diameter, these columnes being secured to a base plate or frame structure 511 at their ends opposite to plate 35.
  • Slidably mounted on columns 49 is a movable slide 52 controlled by a fluid-operated cylinder and piston unit 53 and supporting on its face registering with plate 45 a spindle 5 2- similar to spindle 33 or 39 of the cutting apparatus shown in FIG. 6.
  • This threepoint spindle is also disposed coaxially to the socket 45 and thus permits of engaging the boss 3 or 9 into this socket 36 under these conditions, the hole drilled by means of the twist drill 47, to constitute the bore 111 or 12, will be concentric with the turning axis 3.
  • Parallel lateral plates 55 secured to said columns 43 and 49 are provided with coaxial guide sockets 56 extending therethrough and having their common axis orthogonal to that of said socket 46. These guide sockets 56 are adapted to centre a twist drill 57 when drilling the holes 14 and for receiving the locking cross-pins l6 and 17.
  • Method of manufacturing a shoe last made of a plurality of separable elements including a standardized basic element and at least one interchangeable element dependent upon fashion, said method comprising the steps of marking the trace of the turning axis on the ends, and on each joint plane of the model elements and of the lasts deriving therefrom, and utilizing this trace for laying out means for interconnecting and positioning in proper relationship for interchangeable elements and the standardized element of the model and of the lasts deriving therefrom.
  • transverse holes drilled in said last elements for receiving the assembling stud locking cross-pins are positioned on the end elements of the last with the assistance of the plane determined by the edge formed by the three points of the spindles of said reproduction lathe.
  • transverse holes for positioning the transverse cross-pins of the interchangeable elements of the models or lasts turned from blanks are drilled in said blanks simultaneously with, or after, the holes made along the turning axis, that is, before the turning operation.
  • Apparatus for cutting shoe lasts or blanks into elements or sections comprising on the one hand a circular saw having its shaft rotatably driven from suitable power means and journalled in bearings carried by a fixed frame structure and on the other hand a pair of bearings having a common axis parallel to that of said circular saw and said shaft, each bearing of said pair supporting a spindle for holding and rotatably driving about its turning axis a lathe model, means being provided for accurately adjusting the relative distance between the free ends of said spindles and also that of the bearings supporting said lathe model, other means being provided for permitting the simultaneous movement of the two lathe model supporting bearings in direction parallel and transverse, respectively, to the axis of rotation of said circular saw, further means being also provided for rotatably driving at least one of said spindles, complementary means permitting the relative angular position of said spindles.
  • spindle bearings are interconnected by at least one rod rigid with one of them, the other bearing being adapted to slidde, or be locked in any desired position, along said rod, each bearing being mounted on a slideway extending at right angles to the axis of rotation of said circular saw, the pair of bearing slideways being mounted in turn on a frame structure adapted to slide along longitudinal slideways parallel to said axis of rotation of said circular saw.
  • Apparatus for drilling the end element of a multielement model along the turning axis thereof for carrying out the method set forth in claim 7 comprising on the one hand a fixed plate having fitted therethrough a socket having a bore corresponding in diameter to the cylindrical boss left on each joint plane of each model element, said-socket being adapted to guide a twist drill for drilling the cavity engageable by the stud for assembling the model elements, and on the other hand a plate movable towards and away from said fixed plate, and supporting coaxially to said socket a three-point spindle identical with the spindle of the reproduction lathe,
  • Compensation member for carrying out the method set forth in claim 8 comprising a rod of a length adjustable with precision, said rod being adapted to enof the stud locking cross-pin.

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US00264283A 1971-06-18 1972-06-19 Method and apparatus for making lasts Expired - Lifetime US3790978A (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4884309A (en) * 1987-10-15 1989-12-05 Shafir Aaron Method and apparatus for making shoe lasts and/or shoe components
USD374553S (en) 1995-02-28 1996-10-15 James L. Throneburg Shoe last
US5595005A (en) * 1993-07-23 1997-01-21 James L. Throneburg Footwear system
US5724753A (en) * 1993-07-23 1998-03-10 James L. Throneburg Footwear system
US5881413A (en) * 1995-02-28 1999-03-16 James L. Throneburg Shoe last and method of constructing a shoe
WO2005084098A3 (en) * 2003-10-13 2005-10-20 Oscar Kunz S A Ind E Com The manufacturing process of shoe last and resulted last
US11678724B2 (en) * 2017-06-14 2023-06-20 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Customizable lasts

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2525135A1 (fr) * 1982-04-20 1983-10-21 Caulloo Iswarlall Chariot support de guidage pour perceuse destinee a percer les plafonds

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2666464A (en) * 1952-11-28 1954-01-19 Burdell D Spencer Method of making lasts
US3241166A (en) * 1963-03-07 1966-03-22 Genesco Inc Shoe manufacture
US3315290A (en) * 1963-10-24 1967-04-25 Sankyo Kasei Kk Method for the manufacture of shoe pattern

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2666464A (en) * 1952-11-28 1954-01-19 Burdell D Spencer Method of making lasts
US3241166A (en) * 1963-03-07 1966-03-22 Genesco Inc Shoe manufacture
US3315290A (en) * 1963-10-24 1967-04-25 Sankyo Kasei Kk Method for the manufacture of shoe pattern

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4884309A (en) * 1987-10-15 1989-12-05 Shafir Aaron Method and apparatus for making shoe lasts and/or shoe components
US5595005A (en) * 1993-07-23 1997-01-21 James L. Throneburg Footwear system
US5724753A (en) * 1993-07-23 1998-03-10 James L. Throneburg Footwear system
USD374553S (en) 1995-02-28 1996-10-15 James L. Throneburg Shoe last
US5881413A (en) * 1995-02-28 1999-03-16 James L. Throneburg Shoe last and method of constructing a shoe
US5909719A (en) * 1995-02-28 1999-06-08 James L. Throneburg Shoe last and method of constructing a shoe
WO2005084098A3 (en) * 2003-10-13 2005-10-20 Oscar Kunz S A Ind E Com The manufacturing process of shoe last and resulted last
US11678724B2 (en) * 2017-06-14 2023-06-20 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Customizable lasts

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Publication number Publication date
FR2142311A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1973-01-26

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