US3789794A - Apparatus for developing electrostatic images - Google Patents

Apparatus for developing electrostatic images Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3789794A
US3789794A US00212155A US3789794DA US3789794A US 3789794 A US3789794 A US 3789794A US 00212155 A US00212155 A US 00212155A US 3789794D A US3789794D A US 3789794DA US 3789794 A US3789794 A US 3789794A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
developer
toner
rotor
supply
diluent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00212155A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
I Smith
P Hastwell
M Vermeulen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Savin Business Machines Corp
Original Assignee
Savin Business Machines Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Savin Business Machines Corp filed Critical Savin Business Machines Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3789794A publication Critical patent/US3789794A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G15/00—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern
    • G03G15/06—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing
    • G03G15/10—Apparatus for electrographic processes using a charge pattern for developing using a liquid developer
    • G03G15/104—Preparing, mixing, transporting or dispensing developer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/2496—Self-proportioning or correlating systems
    • Y10T137/2499—Mixture condition maintaining or sensing
    • Y10T137/2509—By optical or chemical property

Definitions

  • An electrostatic copier includes means to recirculate developer comprising a diluent carrier and a tacky toner, between a developer supply tank and a developer station.- A recirculation system communicates a mechanical mill with the supply tank. Means monitoring developer level in the supply tank and opacity of the developer material control the respective feeds of carrier and toner to the mill.
  • the organosol tends to precipitate and settle to the bottom of the developer tank, the organosol dispersion requires continual agitation when the machine is not being operated. If this is not done, copies made after a prolonged period of machine idleness will be of inferior quality.
  • One object of our invention is to provide a continuous supply of tacky toner liquid developer of correct composition.
  • Another object of our invention is to provide an efficient apparatus for replenishing the components of a tacky toner liquid developer.
  • a further object of our invention is to provide a liquid developer supply system of reduced volume.
  • Still a further object of our invention is to provide a completely self-regulating developer supply system capable of continually supplying a developer fluid of proper composition to electrophotographic apparatus.
  • a photosensor receives a greater flux of light due to the reduced opacity of the developer fluid.
  • a solenoid valve opens toadd toner concentrate to the circulating ring through the emulsifying mill.
  • the level of fluid in the apparatus is monitored by a level indicator positioned at an appropriate point such as in the toner supply tank.
  • a level indicator positioned at an appropriate point such as in the toner supply tank.
  • another solenoid valve activates to supply diluent carrier liquid to the emulsifying zone.
  • the toner is maintained at a proper consistency and a supply of developer liquid is available without the necessity of employing a large and cumbersome developer liquid supply tank.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic view showing electrostatic copying apparatus employing a liquid developer and incorporating one embodiment of our invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary sectional view, drawn on an enlarged scale, of an impingement mill used in our invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view drawn on an enlarged scale showing one of the control valves of our invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view drawn on an enlarged scale taken along the line 4-4 of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic view showing the control circuitry operating the valves controlling admission of the toner concentrate and the diluent liquid.
  • a copy machine incorporating our developer supply system includes a drum 88 provided with a photoconductive surface 87.
  • the drum 88 is supported on oper station in an electrophotographic apparatus by providing two independent paths'of developer liquid circulation each of which includes a common toner supply tank.
  • One path continually circulates Qtoner from the toner supply tank to an emulsifying mill, the discharge of which returns to the toner supply tank.
  • the other path continually circulates toner liquid taken a shaft 90 which rotates in the direction of the arrow when the machine operates.
  • 'Light source 93 insures that any residual electrical charge remaining on surface 87 from a previous exposure is reduced by conduction to ground.
  • an electrostatic charging device 92 charges the surface 87 of the drum, which is enclosed in a lightproof casing (not shown) as is known in the art.
  • An exposure system 94 focuses an image of the original to be copied on the charged photoconductive surface thus producing a latent electrostatic image on the surface of the drum.
  • This latent image moves to the developer zone indicated generally by reference numeral 96 at which a tray and applicator means 98 subjects the latent image to the action of the developer liquid.
  • the tacky developed image is carried by the drum into contact with paper 112 which is heated by a heater 116 as it leaves a supply roll 114.
  • the tacky toner is attracted to the photoconductive drum surface in accordance with the light or dark areas of the original, the toner, owing to its composition, exhibits a greater affinity for the paper surface 112 than it does for the drum surface 87. After picking up the developed image the paper 112 passes to delivery rolls 118.
  • a developer supply pump 75 driven by a motor 76 draws developer liquid from the toner supply tank 64 and discharges it through pipe 84 into developer tray 98.
  • a developer applicator in tray 98 applies developer fluid to the surface 87. Excess developer liquid leaving the photoconductive surface 87 collects in a trough 86.
  • a pipe 74 conducts liquid from trough 86 through the toner monitoring system indicated generally by reference numeral 66 and back to supply tank 64. As successive images are developed toner in the developer liquid is depleted at a relatively rapid rate and carrier liquid is depleted at a relatively slower rate so that the makeup of the liquid changes slightly on each operation of the machine.
  • Our apparatus includes another loop of circulating fluid including the toner supply tank 64.
  • This second system includes a developer recirculating pump 77 driven by a motor 78. Pump 77 continually withdraws developer fluid from the toner supply tank 64 through pipe 70 and pumps it through a pipe 80 into an impingement mill body 14. From the body 14 liquid passes back to tank 64 through pipe 62 to complete the loop.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 it can be seen that the fluid discharging from recirculating pump 77 passes through pipe 80 and is then tangentially injected into the impingement mill body 14 where it mixes with developer fluid in the mill body.
  • the combined fluids whirl about in the direction of the arrows and exit through pipe 62 after passing through a space 51 formed by mounting a disc-shaped cap 56 on spacers 58 carried by a flange 59 on anextension 60 from pipe 62.
  • the emulsion thus formed in mill l4 flows back to toner supply tank 64 through pipe 62.
  • the consistency of the developer fluid 15 in each succeeding cycle through pump 77 is of a slightly different makeup than that in the preceding cycle.
  • This change in fluid consistency in succeeding cycles through supply pump 75 and through recirculation pump 77 occurs during development of the successive latent electrostatic images.
  • a container 4 holds a supply of toner concentrate liquid 2.
  • a pipe 12 A pipe 12,
  • solenoid 16 which normally engages seat 27 has a stem 24 connected to the armature 18 of a solenoid 16. Operation of solenoid 16 controls the admission of toner paste into the mill. Stuffing box 19 seals the commutating stem 24 and valve chamber 22.
  • the operation of solenoid 16 is controlled by a toner monitoring system indicated generally by reference numeral 66. Actuation of solenoid 16 lifts valve 25 from its seat 27. When this occurs paste 2 from the valve chamber 22 flows into a rotor intake chamber 42.
  • the monitor 66 is similar to the toner monitoring system described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,354,802. We position the toner monitoring unit 66 in pipe 74. It is to be understood, however, that the location of monitor 66 in pipe 74 is shown by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation, as the monitor may be positioned elsewhere, for example, in supply pipe 84.
  • Monitor 66 includes an incandescent source 66a and a photosensor 66b. When the toner liquid has the proper or desired concentration the voltage at the anode of photosensor 66b is equal to that at the junction of resistors 67b and 670 so that the net input to differential amplifier 100 is zero.
  • the junction of resistors 67b and 670 is connected to the plus input of a differential amplifier 100.
  • the anode of photosensor 66b is connected to the minus input of differential amplifier 100.
  • the amount of light striking photodetection element 66b is a function of the light transmissibility of developer liquid 15.
  • the illumination of photosensor 66b decreases when the toner concentration increases.
  • the voltage at the anode of photosensor 66b rises and the output of differential amplifier decreases so that solenoid 16 is de-energized thereby closing valve 25.
  • a supply of volatile carrier liquid 43 is stored in container 82.
  • Cap 83 is removable from container 82 so that diluent liquid 43 may be added as needed.
  • Pipe 44 is normally closed by a valve 25a operated by a solenoid 16a. The volatile liquid 43, under the influence of gravity, fills valve chamber 22a and is retained therein in its normally closed position of valve 25a.
  • Valve 25a adapted to seat on seat 27a, is operated by a solenoid 16a through its armature 18a and the valve stem 24a, thereby regulating the admission of volatile diluent into the mill.
  • a solenoid 16a is controlled by the opening and closing of a microswitch 106 actuated by a float 104 in tank 64. Actuation of solenoid 16a lifts valve 25a from its seat 27a. The diluent in chamber 22a then flows into the rotor intake chamber 42.
  • the normally closed microswitch 106 is connected in series with diluent control solenoid 16a across battery 110.
  • Float 104 slides vertically on a guide 105 so that when the fluid level reaches a predetermined point, the switch 106 opens and deenergizes winding 16a, permitting the valve 25a to close.
  • an electric motor 53 having a shaft to which sprocketed wheel 53a is keyed is energized to drive a chain 51 which drives a sprocket wheel 52 on impingement mill shaft 54.
  • Shaft 54 is positioned concentrically within housing 50 and is free to rotate therein on bearings 48.
  • a key 23 secures the hub 33 of the mill rotor 32 to shaft 54.
  • Rotor. 32 has apertures 40 and a pair of cylindrical vanes 36 formed with apertures 38 as can be more clearly seen in FIG. 3.
  • underbody vanes 34 are formed on the underside of rotor 32. We position rotor 32 adjacent to stator body 26 which forms the top of mill casing 14.
  • Stator 26 supports both valve chambers 22 and 22a. These chambers extend through stator 26 so as to be positioned in the space between the first rotor vane and rotor hub 33, which space forms rotor intake chamber 42. Stator 26 is formedwith vanes 28 having apertures 30. The entire rotor assembly is sealed about shaft 54 by means of packing 47.
  • the outward movement of the fluids occurs through apertures 38 in rotor vanes 36, and through apertures 30 in stator vanes 28.
  • Some of the fluid traverses the narrow annular spaces or interstices between stator vanes 28 and rotor vanes 36 as well as the'interstices between rotor body 32 and stator body 26.
  • the juxtaposed relation of these vanes causes violent shear stresses which emulsifies and homogenizes the traversing fluids.
  • the effluent mixes with developer liquid in mill casing 14.
  • Underbody-vanes 34 aid the circulation of the fluids.
  • toner paste 2 or volatile diluent 43 or both is made only when required.
  • the homogenizing process is continuous while the machine is operating. After the machine has been in operation for some time, some precipitation may occur.
  • tap pipe 61 controlled by valve 63 in the lower portion of mill body 14, permitting removal of any accumulated coagulants.
  • motors 76, 78, and 53 operate and rotate continuously while the machine is operating.
  • Motor 76 drives pump to discharge developer liquid through pipe 84 to the developing tray 98.
  • Developing liquid returns through pipe 74 to the toner supply tank 64 from which it passes through pipe 68 for continuous circulation around the circulating ring comprising the toner supply tank 64 and the developing tray 98.
  • Energization of motor 78 operates pump 77 which draws developer liquid from toner supply tank 64 through pipe 70 and discharges it through pipe 80 into the homogenizer 14.
  • the discharge from the homogenizer 14 through pipe 62 returns the homogenized developing fluid to the toner supply tank 64.
  • the operation of motor 53 drives the homogenizer rotor 32 through the chain drive 51.
  • the organosol components of the developing fluid are thoroughly homogenized in the carrier liquid by the interaction of the stationary vanes and rotary vanes of the homogenizer, as well as by the agitation which takes place in the homogenizer body 14.
  • the optical control system 66 will insure their replenishment. This occurs when valve 25 opens allowing the air pressure upon piston 5 to deliver the toner concentrate to the homogenizer.
  • the optical control system permits valve 25 to seat. Some toner liquid adheres to the revolving drum surface 87 and evaporates. This reduces the liquid level within the toner tank 64.
  • microswitch 106 held open by float 104, closes energizing solenoid 16a and operating valve 25a permitting diluent from the diluent storage tank 82 to flow through pipe 44 into the homogenizing zone.
  • Apparatus as in claim 1 including means for holding a supply of toner, means for monitoring the opacity of said developer liquid and means responsive to said monitoring means for feeding said toner from said supply to said mill means.
  • Apparatus as in claim 1 including means for holding a supply of said diluent, means for sensing the level of developer in said container and means responsive to said sensing means for feeding diluent from said supply to said mill means.
  • Apparatus as in claim 1 including means for holding a supply of said toner, means for holding a supply of said diluent, means for monitoring the opacity of said developer, means for sensing the level of said developer in said container, means responsive to said monitoring means for feeding toner from said toner supply to said mill means, and means responsive to said sensing means for feeding diluent from said diluent supply to said mill means.
  • Apparatus as in claim 5 including means for holding a supply of said toner, means for monitoring the opacity of said developer liquid and means responsive to said monitoring means for feeding toner from said supply to said mill means.
  • Apparatus as in claim 5 including means for holding a supply of said diluent, means for sensing the level of liquid in said tank and means responsive to said sensing means for feeding diluent from said supply to said mill means.
  • said mill means comprises a stator member, a rotor, means forming a narrow space between said rotor and said stator, means for directing material fed to said mill means into said space, and means for moving said rotor relative to said stator to apply shear forces to material in said space.
  • said space forming means comprises an annular vane on said stator and an annular vane on said rotor, said rotor vane being disposed adjacent said stator vane to form an annular space, said directing means comprising openings in said rotor vane, and means for feeding material to the rotor.
  • said mill means comprises a rotor and a stator, a plurality of concentric annular vanes on said rotor and on said stator, said stator and rotor vanes cooperating to form a plurality of narrow annular spaces, means for directing material fed to said mill means to said rotor, means forming openings in said vanes for directing material fed to said rotor to said spaces and means for rotating said rotor to apply shear forces to the material in said spaces.
  • stator vane openings are generally radial and in which said rotor vane openings extend from inlet to outlet in a direction slanted opposite to the direction of rotation of the rotor.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Wet Developing In Electrophotography (AREA)
US00212155A 1971-12-27 1971-12-27 Apparatus for developing electrostatic images Expired - Lifetime US3789794A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US21215571A 1971-12-27 1971-12-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3789794A true US3789794A (en) 1974-02-05

Family

ID=22789776

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00212155A Expired - Lifetime US3789794A (en) 1971-12-27 1971-12-27 Apparatus for developing electrostatic images

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US3789794A (it)
JP (1) JPS4877838A (it)
DE (1) DE2260869A1 (it)
FR (1) FR2170586A5 (it)
IT (1) IT972749B (it)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3910231A (en) * 1973-02-21 1975-10-07 Canon Kk Developing device for a polychromatic electrophotographic copier
US3967549A (en) * 1973-05-11 1976-07-06 Electroprint, Inc. Ink supply system for an ink mist printer
EP0306217A3 (en) * 1987-08-31 1989-08-23 Savin Corporation Concentrated toner solution and pressurized toner dispensing mechanism
US5062458A (en) * 1989-03-30 1991-11-05 Deutsche Gesellschaft Fur Wiederaufarbeitung Von Kernbrennstoffen Mbh Annular vessel for receivng radioactive solutions containing solids
EP0425144A3 (en) * 1989-10-24 1992-08-12 Am International, Inc Liquid toner supply system and method
WO1992017824A1 (en) * 1991-03-26 1992-10-15 Spectrum Sciences B.V. Liquid toner dispenser
US5208637A (en) * 1990-08-22 1993-05-04 Spectrum Sciences B.V. Liquid toner replenishment system
US5259910A (en) * 1990-10-17 1993-11-09 Fabio Perini S.P.A. Apparatus for glueing the tail of a web to a log formed of the web material
US5655194A (en) * 1991-03-26 1997-08-05 Indigo N.V. Dispenser apparatus especially for liquid toner concentrate
EP0923008A3 (en) * 1997-12-12 2001-03-21 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Developer supply apparatus for a wet electrographic printer
EP0923007A3 (en) * 1997-12-12 2001-03-28 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Developer supply method for a wet electrographic printer
EP0923005A3 (en) * 1997-12-12 2001-03-28 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Developer liquid supply device of wet type electrographic printer
EP0923006A3 (en) * 1997-12-12 2001-04-04 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Developer supply method for a wet electrographic printer
US6278850B1 (en) * 1998-12-28 2001-08-21 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Device of measuring concentration of developer liquid for liquid-type printer
US6372064B1 (en) 1999-12-13 2002-04-16 C. G. Bretting Manufacturing Company, Inc. Tail sealer apparatus and method

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4008612A (en) * 1975-09-17 1977-02-22 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Liquid quantity detecting device
JPS52107836A (en) * 1976-03-05 1977-09-09 Hitachi Ltd Circulating unit for wet type coying machine
DE2905741A1 (de) * 1979-02-15 1980-08-28 Agfa Gevaert Ag Toner-zufuehreinrichtung fuer eine elektrophoretische entwicklungsstation
GB2194644B (en) * 1986-07-28 1990-12-19 Ricoh Kk Electrostatic copying machine
DE3806286A1 (de) * 1988-02-27 1989-08-31 Meteor Siegen Apparat Schmeck Vorrichtung zur regelung der tonerkonzentration einer tonerfluessigkeit in einem kopiergeraet
DE102004017722A1 (de) 2004-04-10 2005-10-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Adapter zum gelenkigen Verbinden eines Wischblatts mit einem Wischarm

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2734728A (en) * 1956-02-14 myers
US3021779A (en) * 1959-02-16 1962-02-20 Sollich Robert Circulation tempering of chocolate and similar substances
US3081069A (en) * 1959-09-14 1963-03-12 Et Oakes Corp Mixing apparatus
US3194540A (en) * 1961-07-28 1965-07-13 Liberty Nat Bank And Trust Com Homogenizing apparatus
US3223486A (en) * 1962-09-12 1965-12-14 Technicon Instr Apparatus for treatment of solids for analysis
US3267964A (en) * 1963-04-26 1966-08-23 Fred J Steinmetz Apparatus for automatic dilution of measured concentrates
US3299787A (en) * 1962-11-27 1967-01-24 Harris Intertype Corp Electrophotographic micro-copy printer
US3368525A (en) * 1965-10-04 1968-02-13 American Photocopy Equip Co Liquid developer system for photocopy machine
US3650196A (en) * 1968-11-05 1972-03-21 Canon Kk Device for automatically regulating the concentration of developing solution
US3677222A (en) * 1969-02-24 1972-07-18 Canon Kk Device for automatically regulating the concentration of developing solution
US3699992A (en) * 1969-07-16 1972-10-24 Canon Kk Electrophotographic apparatus

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2734728A (en) * 1956-02-14 myers
US3021779A (en) * 1959-02-16 1962-02-20 Sollich Robert Circulation tempering of chocolate and similar substances
US3081069A (en) * 1959-09-14 1963-03-12 Et Oakes Corp Mixing apparatus
US3194540A (en) * 1961-07-28 1965-07-13 Liberty Nat Bank And Trust Com Homogenizing apparatus
US3223486A (en) * 1962-09-12 1965-12-14 Technicon Instr Apparatus for treatment of solids for analysis
US3299787A (en) * 1962-11-27 1967-01-24 Harris Intertype Corp Electrophotographic micro-copy printer
US3267964A (en) * 1963-04-26 1966-08-23 Fred J Steinmetz Apparatus for automatic dilution of measured concentrates
US3368525A (en) * 1965-10-04 1968-02-13 American Photocopy Equip Co Liquid developer system for photocopy machine
US3650196A (en) * 1968-11-05 1972-03-21 Canon Kk Device for automatically regulating the concentration of developing solution
US3677222A (en) * 1969-02-24 1972-07-18 Canon Kk Device for automatically regulating the concentration of developing solution
US3699992A (en) * 1969-07-16 1972-10-24 Canon Kk Electrophotographic apparatus

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3910231A (en) * 1973-02-21 1975-10-07 Canon Kk Developing device for a polychromatic electrophotographic copier
US3967549A (en) * 1973-05-11 1976-07-06 Electroprint, Inc. Ink supply system for an ink mist printer
EP0306217A3 (en) * 1987-08-31 1989-08-23 Savin Corporation Concentrated toner solution and pressurized toner dispensing mechanism
US5062458A (en) * 1989-03-30 1991-11-05 Deutsche Gesellschaft Fur Wiederaufarbeitung Von Kernbrennstoffen Mbh Annular vessel for receivng radioactive solutions containing solids
EP0425144A3 (en) * 1989-10-24 1992-08-12 Am International, Inc Liquid toner supply system and method
US5208637A (en) * 1990-08-22 1993-05-04 Spectrum Sciences B.V. Liquid toner replenishment system
USRE35729E (en) * 1990-10-17 1998-02-17 Fabio Perini S.P.A. Apparatus for glueing the tail of a web to a log formed of the web material
USRE37039E1 (en) * 1990-10-17 2001-02-06 Fabio Perini S.P.A. Apparatus for glueing the tail of a web to a log formed of the web material
US5259910A (en) * 1990-10-17 1993-11-09 Fabio Perini S.P.A. Apparatus for glueing the tail of a web to a log formed of the web material
US6155457A (en) * 1991-03-26 2000-12-05 Indigo N.V. Dispenser apparatus especially for liquid toner concentrate
US5655194A (en) * 1991-03-26 1997-08-05 Indigo N.V. Dispenser apparatus especially for liquid toner concentrate
WO1992017824A1 (en) * 1991-03-26 1992-10-15 Spectrum Sciences B.V. Liquid toner dispenser
EP0923008A3 (en) * 1997-12-12 2001-03-21 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Developer supply apparatus for a wet electrographic printer
EP0923007A3 (en) * 1997-12-12 2001-03-28 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Developer supply method for a wet electrographic printer
EP0923005A3 (en) * 1997-12-12 2001-03-28 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Developer liquid supply device of wet type electrographic printer
EP0923006A3 (en) * 1997-12-12 2001-04-04 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Developer supply method for a wet electrographic printer
US6278850B1 (en) * 1998-12-28 2001-08-21 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Device of measuring concentration of developer liquid for liquid-type printer
US6372064B1 (en) 1999-12-13 2002-04-16 C. G. Bretting Manufacturing Company, Inc. Tail sealer apparatus and method
US20020170649A1 (en) * 1999-12-13 2002-11-21 Butterworth Tad T Apparatus and method for applying adhesive in a web converting machine
US6758923B2 (en) 1999-12-13 2004-07-06 C.G. Bretting Manufacturing Company, Inc. Apparatus and method for applying adhesive in a web converting machine
US20040206445A1 (en) * 1999-12-13 2004-10-21 C.G. Bretting Manufacturing Company, Inc. Apparatus and method for applying adhesive in a web converting machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS4877838A (it) 1973-10-19
FR2170586A5 (it) 1973-09-14
DE2260869A1 (de) 1973-07-12
IT972749B (it) 1974-05-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3789794A (en) Apparatus for developing electrostatic images
US3233781A (en) Toner control system
US3854449A (en) Development apparatus
US4194830A (en) Development apparatus
US3299787A (en) Electrophotographic micro-copy printer
US3129115A (en) Xerographic developing apparatus
US4113371A (en) Color development system
US4466731A (en) Electrophotographic machine with high density toner concentration control
US3821938A (en) Toner usage sensing system
US4733267A (en) Apparatus for developing electrostatic latent image
US20020061208A1 (en) Development station for a reproduction apparatus
US3576623A (en) Development system employing a coronode immersed in a liquid developer
US4607938A (en) Method and apparatus for forming a thin layer of developer
US4155329A (en) Magnetic brush developing device
US3719165A (en) Tuner concentration control apparatus
US3527387A (en) Developer replenishing programming system
US3453045A (en) Xerographic development apparatus
US4522484A (en) Electrophotographic apparatus for increasing the apparent sensitivity of photoconductors
EP0104624A2 (en) Electrophotographic image recording method and apparatus
US5149612A (en) Fabrication of electrophotographic imaging members
US4236485A (en) Toner concentration control device
US4108545A (en) Developer supply control system in a copier
US5273583A (en) Fabrication of electrophotographic imaging members
US3381662A (en) Electrophotographic micro-copy printer
US3799401A (en) Silicone oil capacity control using polyurethane belt