US3789334A - Electric protective switch for protection against fault currents, excess currents and short circuits - Google Patents

Electric protective switch for protection against fault currents, excess currents and short circuits Download PDF

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Publication number
US3789334A
US3789334A US00225226A US3789334DA US3789334A US 3789334 A US3789334 A US 3789334A US 00225226 A US00225226 A US 00225226A US 3789334D A US3789334D A US 3789334DA US 3789334 A US3789334 A US 3789334A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
fault current
release
currents
automatic cutout
automatic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US00225226A
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English (en)
Inventor
G Knirsch
R Goehle
W Velten
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
BBC Brown Boveri France SA
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BBC Brown Boveri France SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BBC Brown Boveri France SA filed Critical BBC Brown Boveri France SA
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Publication of US3789334A publication Critical patent/US3789334A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/50—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release
    • H01H71/62—Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release with means for preventing resetting while abnormal condition persists, e.g. loose handle arrangement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
    • H01H83/20—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by excess current as well as by some other abnormal electrical condition
    • H01H83/22—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by excess current as well as by some other abnormal electrical condition the other condition being imbalance of two or more currents or voltages

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT The switch comprises an automatic cutout on circuit breaker and a separate fault current responsive part with a suitable cutout actuating element.
  • a disengaging clutch is provided and permits closing of the automatic cutout only in the ready position of the fault current release.
  • This invention relates to protective switches for protection against fault currents, excess currents and short circuits and, more particularly, to such a switch comprising a unipolar or multipolar automatic cutout or circuit breaker with contacts and a part for determining a fault current and releasing or opening the cutout responsive to determination of a fault current.
  • a self acting or automatic switch designates a switching device which automatically releases or opens, and such a switching device always includes a latching mechanism and a force accumulator which, after latching has been released or unlocked, breaks or opens the contacts of the self acting or automatic switch.
  • a force accumulator is an element, such as a spring, storing mechanical energy.
  • an automatic or self acting switch may also be considered as a sort of automatic cutout for a single-pole line. If two or more such automatic switches are united, with the number corresponding to the number of phases of the line to be protected, the unit may be designated as an automatic cutout" or an automatic circuit breaker.
  • the second type does not include a release and is released mechanically by means of other switching devices connected thereto, such as the automatic switch 5 mentioned hereinafter, which has the switching contacts for the central or neutral conductor of a polyphase circuit.
  • the operating elements of the automatic cutout and of the fault current protective switch are coupled with each other in a particular manner, so that the automatic cutout can be closed only together with the fault current protective switch. This forced coupling of the operating elements is necessary because it is only in this way that protection against fault currents is'ensured in such a switch.
  • the known coupling means for the mutual disconnection of self acting switches are so designed that one coupling part of each of the self acting switch poles changes its position when the switching mechanism is released, for example, by rotating a shaft designed as a coupling part, with this rotation being transmitted to the shafts of the adjacent switch poles.
  • the disconnection must be limited to a certain part of the release procedure in the known self acting switches, which have only two switching positions ON and OFF, because it is necessary that the ratchet parts of the switching mechanism of the automatic cutout resume, already again in the position OFF, the normal position so that the circuit cannot be reclosed. In this position, there must therefore be no mutual disengagement of disconnection.
  • the disengagement, that is the rotation or position change of the coupling parts therefore takes place in the free release position.” That is, as long as the operating element is retained in the position ON.
  • the operating elements of the various self acting switches are therefore so connected or coupled with each other, in the assembly of automatic cutouts and fault current protective switches, that, whenever the line circuit breaker is closed, the fault current circuit breaker is necessarily likewise closed.
  • the present invention is directed to the problem of providing a protective switch, of the above'mentioned type, where the presently required adaptation of the switching mechanism, and the necessary complicated adjustments of the two switching mechanisms, can be eliminated by eliminating the joint closing of the automatic cutout and of the fault current part.
  • the switch design according to the invention has the effect that the coupling part of the fault current protective switch, provided for the disconnection, assumes, in both the free release position and in the shutoff position of the fault current release, a position necessary for the disconnection of the automatic cutout, and maintains this position during the closing movement of the operating element of the fault current part until the fault current part is ready to close.
  • the present invention avoids the existing disadvantages and permits the use of two parts, which are independent in their operation, for their assembly in such a way that no adjustments or only minor adjustments are necessary, and a simpler design of the switching mechanism is possible.
  • the requirement that the closing of an automatic cutout must be possible only when the device for detecting and releasing a fault current is ready to use is met, despite the separation of the operating elements. Even if the fault current part is shut off by hand, the coupling part thereof, for the disconnection, and thus the ratchets of all the self acting switching mechanisms, are brought into the disconnection position, so that the self acting switch poles are released and no re-closing is possible until the fault current part is in the operative position.
  • the invention offers, in a simple manner, the known advantage that it can be recognized whether a release was effected by excess current or by a fault current. In the former case, the operating element of the fault current protective switch remains in the closing position.
  • a preferred embodiment of a protective switch in accordance with the invention is characterized in that the coupling part, between the fault current part and the automatic cutout, is swingable, in the ready position of the fault current release, but is moved positively into the position necessary for disengagement of the auto matic cutout in the released or shutoff position of the fault current release, by a transmission lever on which an accumulator spring sets. Consequently, a positive coupling takes place only in one direction, namely from the fault current part to the automatic cutout, but not vice versa.
  • This preferred embodiment contains relatively few parts and is simple in its design.
  • An object of the invention is to provide an improved protective switch of the mentioned type.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such a switch where the presently required adaptation of the switching mechanisms and the necessary complicated adjustment thereof can be eliminated.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide such a switch in which it can be recognized whether a release was effected by excess current or by a fault current.
  • FIG. 1 somewhat schematically illustrates the functional design of a protective switch embodying the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top view, partially in section, of a particularly preferred embodiment of a switching mechanism for the fault current part, taken along the line IIIIII of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line II of FIG. 2, and illustrating the closing position
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view on the line IIII of FIG. 2, and illustrating the opening position.
  • the protective switch shown in FIG. 1 includes three unipolar self acting switches 1, each containing a switching mechanism 2, an electrically actuated excess current release 3 and a contact 4. These switches are assembled with a mechanically released self acting switch 5, having the contact 6, for the center or neutal conductor, in an automatic cutout.
  • the respective operating elements 7 are rigidly interconnected by a clamp or handle 8, and the mutual disengagement of the switching mechanism is effected by coupling parts 9 whose direction of action is indicated by arrows.
  • a fault current part 10 has a fault current release 11, devices, which have not been shown, for detecting fault currents, for example, a summation current transformer, a switching mechanism 12 with a force accumulator and an operating element 13.
  • a coupling part 14 which effects, by its position, the disengagement of the adjacent self acting switch l, in a release or disconnection of current fault part 10.
  • Coupling part 14 is designed so that a position change of the parts takes place only from the fault current part 10 to the adjacent self acting switch 1, but not in the opposite direction. This corresponds essentially to a free wheel coupling.
  • FIGS. 2 through 4 illustrates merely the switching mechanism 12, the operating element 13 and the coupling means 14.
  • Switching mechanism 12 is arranged between a front guide plate 15 and a rear guide plate 16, which are held together by rivet pins (not shown) and by the shaft 17 of operating element 13.
  • a bolt 18 By means of a bolt 18, a U-shaped double butt strap 19 is articulated on operating element 13 and is guided by a wire bow 20 in oblong slot 21 of a ratchet lever 22, as best seen in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • Closing of the switching mechanism, and locking in the closing position, are effected by turning operating element 13 counterclockwise so that one end of wire bow 20 slides down in oblong-slot 21 until operating element 13 and double butt strap 19 pass the over dead center position.
  • wire bow 20 is so displaced, in slot 21 that it turns a transmission lever 23, arranged in the guide plates, against the bias of a compression spring 24.
  • Spring 24 is, for example, simultaneously the compression spring for a testing key 25 and an accumulator spring, and is turned counterclockwise into the position shown in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 4 shows the position of transmission lever 23 and coupling part 14 wherein the opening or disengagement of the automatic cutout takes place
  • FIG. 3 shows the position in which the engagement or closing of the automatic cutout is'not restricted and the circuit can be closed.
  • the position of coupling part 14, shown in FIG. 4 represents both the opening position of the switch mechanism and the free release position thereof.
  • the coupling part 14 assumes the position shown in FIG. 3 only during the course of the closing operation, and the release readiness exists immediately after the start of the closing movement because the engagement at point 34 can also be released, during closing movement of the switching mechanism, by the fault current release.
  • the concentric support of coupling part 14, on one hand, and of ratchet lever 22, on the other hand, is attained by two sheet metal eyelet formations 36 in guide plates 15 and 16.
  • Coupling part 14 is supported in the resulting bores as a shaft, and ratchet lever 22 rotates on the outer peripheries of the eyelets.
  • the support or ratchet 32, as well as that of transmission lever 23, is provided, in a known manner, in corresponding bores of guide plates 15 and 16 by metal pins molded on the parts.
  • a protective switch for protection against fault currents, excess currents and short circuits, including at least a unipolar automatic cutout with contacts, for releasing excess currents and short circuits, and including a part for detecting and releasing fault currents, the improvement comprising, in combination, all conductors to be monitored extending through respective automatic cutouts; said fault current part including a switching mechanism, having a force accumulator, a separate operating element having two stable end positions, and a fault current release; and a single coupling part mechanically coupling said fault current part to an automatic cutout and providing, only in the releaseready position of said fault current part, for engagement of the automatic cutout and for disengagement of the automatic cutout, responsive to excess currents and short circuits, without effecting release of said fault current part; said single coupling part, responsive to release of said fault current part, positively effecting disengagement of the automatic cutout.

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US00225226A 1971-03-29 1972-02-10 Electric protective switch for protection against fault currents, excess currents and short circuits Expired - Lifetime US3789334A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19712115034 DE2115034B2 (de) 1971-03-29 1971-03-29 Schutzschalter mit ueberstrom-, kurzschluss- und fehlerstromschutz

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3789334A true US3789334A (en) 1974-01-29

Family

ID=5803042

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00225226A Expired - Lifetime US3789334A (en) 1971-03-29 1972-02-10 Electric protective switch for protection against fault currents, excess currents and short circuits

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (1) US3789334A (fr)
AR (1) AR193518A1 (fr)
AT (1) AT314021B (fr)
BE (1) BE781285A (fr)
BG (1) BG24963A3 (fr)
BR (1) BR7201778D0 (fr)
CH (1) CH535504A (fr)
CS (1) CS180579B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE2115034B2 (fr)
DK (1) DK137416C (fr)
FR (1) FR2132129B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB1390987A (fr)
HU (1) HU163086B (fr)
IT (1) IT952394B (fr)
PL (1) PL83340B1 (fr)
RO (1) RO60757A7 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2112677A3 (fr) * 2008-04-01 2010-07-07 Abb Ag Disjoncteur électrique à sécurité totale

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2241868B1 (fr) * 1973-08-20 1976-06-18 Merlin Gerin
NL7614248A (nl) * 1976-12-22 1978-06-26 Nl Weber Mij Stelsel voor beveiliging van een elektrische installatie in een gebouw.
DE3107687C2 (de) * 1981-02-28 1985-05-09 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt Mechanismus für einen mit einem Leitungsschutzschalter kombinierten Fehlerstromauslöser
FR2561819B1 (fr) * 1984-03-26 1987-10-30 Telemecanique Electrique Bloc additif accouplable a un disjoncteur
DE3619675A1 (de) * 1986-06-11 1987-12-17 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Selbstschalterblock
FR2615323B1 (fr) * 1987-05-11 1989-06-30 Merlin Gerin Disjoncteur modulaire a bloc declencheur auxiliaire associe a un bloc disjoncteur multipolaire
IT8723072A0 (it) * 1987-12-17 1987-12-17 Elettrocondutture Blocco rilevatore di correnti differenziali in impianti elettrici, provvisto di mezzi di sicurezza atti ad evitare accoppiamenti con interruttori elettrici predisposti per correnti nominali non compatibili con quelle del blocco stesso.
DE4413418A1 (de) * 1994-04-18 1995-10-19 Abb Patent Gmbh Schutzschalter mit einem Leitungsschutzschalter und einem daran anbaubaren Fehlerstrombauteil
DE102007063636A1 (de) * 2007-03-01 2009-07-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Fehlerstromschutzschalter, Differenzstromschutzschalter sowie Kombigerät aus Leitungsschutzschalter und Fehlerstromschutzschalter bzw. Differenzstromschutzschalter
DE102007046356B4 (de) * 2007-09-27 2009-12-10 Siemens Ag Schaltmechanik einer Fehlerstromschutzeinrichtung, Fehlerstromschutzeinrichtung sowie System mit einer Fehlerstromschutzeinrichtung und einem Leitungsschutzschalter

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3152287A (en) * 1958-10-20 1964-10-06 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Adaptation of multipole circuit breaker for double current rating
US3256407A (en) * 1963-10-28 1966-06-14 Gen Electric Circuit breaker and accessory device combination
US3436695A (en) * 1965-02-15 1969-04-01 Square D Co Electric circuit breaker with shunt trip coil
US3636482A (en) * 1970-05-25 1972-01-18 Federal Pacific Electric Co Modular circuit breakers and panelboards with ground-fault protection

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH415809A (fr) * 1966-01-13 1966-06-30 Gardy Particip App Disjoncteur à surintensité et à action différentielle

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3152287A (en) * 1958-10-20 1964-10-06 Ite Circuit Breaker Ltd Adaptation of multipole circuit breaker for double current rating
US3256407A (en) * 1963-10-28 1966-06-14 Gen Electric Circuit breaker and accessory device combination
US3436695A (en) * 1965-02-15 1969-04-01 Square D Co Electric circuit breaker with shunt trip coil
US3636482A (en) * 1970-05-25 1972-01-18 Federal Pacific Electric Co Modular circuit breakers and panelboards with ground-fault protection

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2112677A3 (fr) * 2008-04-01 2010-07-07 Abb Ag Disjoncteur électrique à sécurité totale
CN101552161B (zh) * 2008-04-01 2013-07-17 Abb股份公司 全保护开关

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2132129B1 (fr) 1977-07-22
PL83340B1 (fr) 1975-12-31
IT952394B (it) 1973-07-20
DK137416C (da) 1978-07-31
AR193518A1 (es) 1973-04-30
DE2115034B2 (de) 1977-07-21
AT314021B (de) 1974-03-11
GB1390987A (en) 1975-04-16
HU163086B (fr) 1973-06-28
DE2115034A1 (de) 1972-10-05
BR7201778D0 (pt) 1973-06-28
CS180579B2 (en) 1978-01-31
FR2132129A1 (fr) 1972-11-17
BE781285A (fr) 1972-07-17
DK137416B (da) 1978-02-27
BG24963A3 (en) 1978-06-15
RO60757A7 (fr) 1976-09-15
CH535504A (de) 1973-03-31

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