US3789171A - Pressure switch with operating lever having manually adjustable pre-loading means therefore - Google Patents

Pressure switch with operating lever having manually adjustable pre-loading means therefore Download PDF

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Publication number
US3789171A
US3789171A US00282781A US3789171DA US3789171A US 3789171 A US3789171 A US 3789171A US 00282781 A US00282781 A US 00282781A US 3789171D A US3789171D A US 3789171DA US 3789171 A US3789171 A US 3789171A
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United States
Prior art keywords
switch
diaphragm
mounting element
mounting
operating lever
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Expired - Lifetime
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US00282781A
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English (en)
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G Kent
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Actuated Controls Ltd
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Actuated Controls Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/10—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit the motor being of diaphragm type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B5/00—Transducers converting variations of physical quantities, e.g. expressed by variations in positions of members, into fluid-pressure variations or vice versa; Varying fluid pressure as a function of variations of a plurality of fluid pressures or variations of other quantities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
    • H01H35/24—Switches operated by change of fluid pressure, by fluid pressure waves, or by change of fluid flow
    • H01H35/34—Switches operated by change of fluid pressure, by fluid pressure waves, or by change of fluid flow actuated by diaphragm

Definitions

  • An improved pressure switch unit has a movable diaphragm which is connected [30] Foreign Application Priority Data to a switch within a casing by a lever which has a resil- Aug. 24, 1971 Great Britain 39534 71 iem Connection to a mounting element for the Switch,
  • the switch unit is readily adaptable for use in low and 200/83 p 3 337/320, 319, 1 17 high pressure ranges by using the switch mounting element either as a fixed mounting, with adjustment 5 References Cited means acting directly on the diaphragm, or as a float- UNITED STATES PATENTS ing mounting which is positionally adjustable to adjust the sensitive pressure range of the unit.
  • a pressure-sensitive switch unit comprising a casing, a flexible diaphragm located within the casing and defining therewith a chamber to which a pressure is applied in use of the unit, a switch operating lever connected to the diaphragm within the casing and having a resilient connection to a mounting element upon which a switch is mounted, the operating lever engaging an actuating element of the switch at a posi tion spaced from the connections of the operating lever to the diaphragm and to the mounting element so that,
  • the pressure-sensitive switch unit according to the invention has a built-in safety characteristic, in that when the diaphragm is subjected to a pressure beyond the said given limit, the switch operating lever rocks about the switch actuating element, preventing overloading of the switch itself.
  • the unit can therefore accommodate pressure overloads within the maximum load limits of the diaphragm and the casing without the switch itself sustaining permanent damage.
  • the resilient connection between the lever and the switch mounting element comprises a spring or springs interposed between the lever and the said mounting element.
  • This first aspect of the invention namely the accomodation of overload, is applicable both to switch units of the type in which the switch mounting element is fixed within the casing and to switch units of the type in which the switch mounting element is adjustably mounted within the casing by means permitting adjustment of the position and/or the orientation of the mounting element relative to the diaphragm.
  • the fixed type of mounting element is used for units which are designed to operate at low pressures, (of the order 02-70 inches water gauge) while the adjustable type of switch mounting element is used in switch units designed to operate at higher pressures, up to, say, 100 lbs per sq. in.
  • the switch mounting element is in the form of a plate and the switch operating lever has two said resilient connections to the switch mounting plate at spaced apart positions defining the pivot axis of the operating lever below the loading limit of the switch actuating element.
  • the switch operating lever has the shape of an isosceles triangle with the two resilient connections disposed symmetrically on opposite sides of an axis of symmetry passing through the connection of the lever to the diaphragm.
  • a pressure-sensitive switch unit having a flexible diaphragm located within a casing and defining a chamber to which a pressure is applied in use of the unit, a mounting element within the casing carrying a switch arranged'for operation by a switch operating lever which is connected to the diaphragm and which acts upon an actuating element of the switch, the mounting element having a shape and configuration which permits its mounting in the casing either in a first position as a fixed switch mounting or in a second position as a positionally adjustable switch mounting, and adjusting means adapted to act upon the diaphragm directly in the first position of the mounting element and to act upon the switch mounting element to adjust the position thereof in the second position of the mounting element, the setting of the adjusting means, in both said positions, predetermining the pressure in the chamber at which the switch is operated by the operating lever.
  • switch unit is readily adaptable, with minimum modification, for operation at both low and high pressure ranges; for operation in lower pressure ranges, as stated previously, the mounting element would be installed in its first position and the adjusting means would engage the diaphragm itself by the preloading of a reaction spring to predetermine the pressure in the chamber at which the switch is operated by the operating lever, while for operation in higher pressure ranges the switch mounting element would be disposed in its second position and the adjusting means would then be arranged to adjust the position of the switch mounting element to predetermine the pressure at which the switch is operated.
  • the pressure sensitive switch unit may be constructedin accordance with the said second aspect of the invention irrespective of whether or not the switch unit incorporates an overload accommodation feature according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the adjusting means includes a rotatable knob which is provided with or connected to a cam element for adjusting the pre-loading of the diaphragm via a reaction spring in the first position of the switch mounting element to predetermine the pressure in the chamber at which the switch is operated.
  • the adjusting means may include a spring bearing upon the diaphragm at the connection thereof to the switch operating lever, on the side of the diaphragm externally of the chamber, the loading of the spring being adjustable by the said cam element, or by means of any other convenient manually operable control member.
  • the diaphragm of the unit for operation in lower pressure ranges preferably comprises a flexible nonmetallic element, the'lever being pivotally connected to the diaphragm at the center thereof.
  • a rigid plate is pivotally attached to the diaphragm at its center, leaving an annular region of the diaphragm free to undergo flexing movements in response to pressure changes in the chamber.
  • the adjusting means therefor may comprise a screw element rotatable by means of a knob, preferably the same knob as that previously referred to, to adjust the position and/or the orientation of the mounting element relative to the diaphragm.
  • the diaphragm is preferably fabricated in resilient sheet metal, for example stainless steel, preferably formed with annular concentric convolutions.
  • the switch mounting element in a preferred embodiment of the invention comprises a plate having a step portion interconnecting two parallel flat portions disposed in different planes, the switch being mounted on .one of the flat portions, and the other flat portion being rigidly fixed relative to the casing in the first position of the switch mounting element and being positionally adjustable within the casing in the second position of the said mounting element, the two said positions of the mounting plate being inverted relative to each other.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic axial section through a pressure switch unit according to one embodiment of the invention, assembled for operation in a low pressure mode;
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic plan view of the switch unit shown in FIG. 1, viewed in the direction of arrow II, with one cover plate of the housing removed;
  • FIG. 3 is a diagrammatic axial section similar to that of FIG. 1, showing the switch unit of FIG. 1 adapted for use in a higher pressure mode, and
  • FIG. 4 is an end view of the unit shown in FIG. 3, in the direction of arrow IV, with the top cover of the casing of the unit removed.
  • the pressure sensitive switch unit has a metal casing 1 provided with two end covers la and 1b.
  • An internal chamber 2 is defined within the end cover la of the casing and has an inlet connection 3 by means of which a pressure to be sensed is applied to the chamber 2.
  • the end cover la is also provided with a central alternative inlet 4 which is closed by a blanking plug, as shown, when not in use.
  • a circular diaphragm 5 is located within the casing and has a circular peripheral bead 5a which is sealingly clamped between the cylindrical body ofthe casing and the end cover la so that the diaphragm 5, with the end cover la, defines the chamber 2.
  • thediaphragm 5 consists of flexible non-metallic material, for example synthetic rubber moulded in a single piece and carrying a rigid circular reinforcing disc 6, preferably of aluminium, arranged concentrically with the diaphragm 5 and attached thereto by the engagement of two or more resilient studs, moulded integrally with the diaphragm 5, in respective holes in the disc 6.
  • the attachment of the disc 6 to the diaphragm 5 leaves an annular peripheral portion of the diaphragm 5 free to flex in response to 1 changes in pressure in the chamber 2.
  • the casing l is provided with an internal flange 7 to which, in this embodiment of the invention, a switch mounting plate'8 is secured by means of bolts 9 (one only of which is shown in FIG. I).
  • the mounting plate 8 is generally flat but has a step portion 8a extending transversely and interconnecting two parallel flat portions disposed in different planes: in this embodiment of the invention the flat portion of the plate 8 on the side of the step portion 8a remote from the flange 7 is spaced further from the diaphragm 5 than the other flat portion of the plate 8.
  • This flat portion of the mounting plate 8 remote from the flange 7 supports at least one switch 10 having an actuating element 10a in the form ofa spring loaded button disposed between the plate 8 and the diaphragm 5 and arranged for switch-actuating displacement in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis XX of the casing l.
  • a switch operating lever 11 is pivotally attached to the mounting plate 8 at the outer periphery of the plate 8 by means of a spring-loaded knife edge connection, defining a pivotal axis A-A (FIG. 2).
  • the knife edge connection is formed by raised protuberances on the lever 11 which engage the mounting plate 8 and which are held firmly in contact therewith by two pins 12 attached to the lever 11 and extending with clearance through respective apertures in the plate 8.
  • Each pin 12 has an enlarged head or carries a captive annular split clip at its free end forming an abutment for one end of a respective helical spring 13 surrounding the pin 12 and bearing against the surface of the plate 8 opposite to that against which the lever 11 bears.
  • the operating lever 11 has an isosceles triangular shape, the two pins 12 beingprovided near the opposite ends of the base of the triangle and the vertex of the triangle being formed with a cupped portion which fits over a central pip formed in the disc 6 attached to the diaphragm 5 to form a pivotal connection between the said disc and the lever 11.
  • the pivotal axis AA of the lever 11 is perpendicular to the' bisector of the vertex angle of the lever 11.
  • the diaphragm 5 is pre-loaded by a helical reaction spring 14 which bears at one end against the cupped vertex portion of the lever 11, urging the latter into engagement with the disc 6 and which is seated at its other end on a cam follower plunger 15.
  • the plunger 15 is arranged for sliding movement in the direction of the longitudinal axis XX of the housing in a tubular guide 16 attached to or formed integrally with the flange 7.
  • the cam follower plunger 15 bears, through the intermediary of an adjusting screw 17, against a cam surface 18 formed on the edge ofa depending skirt 19 attached to or integral with a circular pre-setting knob 20.
  • the knob 20 is mounted for rotation about its axis upon a bearing post 21 which is attached to the flange 7 and which also serves to secure the mounting plate 8 to the flange 7'.
  • the axis of rotation of the presetting knob 20 is'parallel to the longitudinal axis XX of the casing and, therefore, parallel to the direction of movement of the cam follower plunger 15.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 The operation of the switch unit shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 will be apparent from the preceding description.
  • a pressure to be monitored or controlled is connected to the inlet 3 to pressurize the chamber 2.
  • the diaphragm 5 flexes under the influence of the pressure in the chamber 2, in opposition to the influence of the reaction spring 14 and when a predetermined threshold pressure is reached in the chamber 2 the switch operating lever 11, pivoting about the axis AA, depresses the actuating element 10a of the switch 10, operating thelatter.
  • the pressure in the chamber 2 at which the switch is operated can be pre-determined by adjusting the preloading force exerted on the diaphragm 5 by the spring 14. Such adjustment can be effected with precision by means of the presetting knob 20, rotation of which effects fine adjustment of the axial position of the plunger in the guide 16, through the action of the cam surface 18.
  • the periphery of the knob is calibrated as shown in FIG. 2, preferably with divisions indicating the preset switch operating pressure in the chamber 2 when the division in question is located opposite a fixed fiduciary mark, which may conveniently be part of the guide 16.
  • a depending screw 22 attached to the knob 20 inwardly of the skirt l9 prevents rotation of the knob 20 through more than 360 by coming into engagement with the upstanding guide 16.
  • the spring loaded knife edge pivotal mounting of the switch operating lever 11 serves an important overload function. Should the pressure in the chamber 2 exceed that necessary to operate the switch 10, the diaphragm 5 and the disc 6 undergo further axial displacement, causing corresponding rocking movement of the lever 11, which now rocks about its point of contact with the switch actuating element 10a, such rocking movement being accommodated by compression of the springs 13 incorporated in the pivotal mounting of the operating lever 11. This rocking movement of the operating lever 11 about the switch actuating element in the overload condition avoids overstressing of the switch actuating element in the event of pressure overloads, which could otherwise cause damage to the switch.
  • the operating lever 11 can be arranged to operate more than one switch 10, and in the embodiment illus trated diagrammatically in FIG. 1 a further switch 10 is mounted on the plate 8 alongside the switch 10 for operation by the lever 11.
  • the operating lever 11 has a triangular shape and its pivot axis AA is defined by two spring-loaded pivotal mountings l2, 13, it will be appreciated that in practice operating levers of other shapes can be used, and the operating lever may be pivotable about a single resilient connection incorporating resilient means other than springs.
  • the unit In its normal condition of use the unit is entirely enclosed within the casing 1.
  • the end cover lb is attached to the casing by bolts which are removed to enable removal of the cover lb for adjustment of the presetting knob 20.
  • the switch unit as so far described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 is intended for operation at lower pressure ranges, typically between 0.2 and 70 inches water gauge.
  • the unit is, however, readily adaptable, with minimum modification of the component parts, to operation in higher'pressure ranges.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate an embodiment of a pressure sensitive switch unit according to the invention which has been adapted for operation at higher pressure ranges, typically between 6 and 100 lbs. force per square inch.
  • the diaphragm 5 consists of a resilient sheet metal diaphragm formed with I concentric convolutions and adapted to withstand the within the casing.
  • the switch mounting plate 8 is not bolted to the flange 7, but is floating" with respect thereto.
  • the plate 8 has a pivotal connection to the flange 7 constituted, in effect, by bolts 23 passing withclearance through holes 1 in the plate 8 and anchored in the flange 7, the bolts 23 replacing the fixing bolts 9 shown in FIG. 1.
  • a helical spring 24 is interposed between the plate 8 and the flange 7.
  • the bearing post 21 of the rotatable knob 20 rests directlyon the plate 8, and a further helical spring 25 is interposed between the plate 8 and the flange 7, loosely fitting over the bearing post 21.
  • a spherical metal ball is secured to the cupped vertex portion of the lever 11 and forms a pivotal connection near the center of the diaphragm 5.
  • the switch operating lever 11 in other respects is identical with that of the variant shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, has a sprung pivotal connection to the mounting plate 8 identical to that previously described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, to prevent undue mechanical stress on the switch 10 or the operating lever 11 in the event of a pressure overload in the chamber 2.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 operates in an exactly analogous way to that described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2,-and makes use of identical component parts, with the exception of the diaphragm 5.
  • presetting of the,operating pressure of the unit is effected by adjusting the position and orientation of the switch mounting plate 8 with respect to the diaphragm 5 and, therefore, the position relative to the diaphragm of the switch operating lever 11 connected to the mounting plate 8.
  • Such adjustment is effected by rotating the knob 20 as before, except that in this case the knob 20 causes rocking movement of the switch mounting plate 8 about the pivot axis defined by the bolts 23, by virtue of the screw adjustment of the knob 20 which now bears directly against the floating mounting plate 8, in opposition to the spring 25. ln this variant the cam surface 18 on the knob 20 is superfluous, and the cam follower plunger 15 is, of course, omitted.
  • more than one switch (10, 22), is mounted within the unit for operation by the switch operating lever 11, these switches may be arranged for operation at the same pressure in the chamber 2, or at different pressures, according to their mounting positionrelative to the switch operating lever.
  • a pressure sensitive switch unit having a casing, a flexible diaphragm located. within the casing and defining therewith a chamber to which a pressure is applied in use of the unit, and a switch operating lever connected to the diaphragm within the casing, wherein the improvement comprises: a mounting element upon which a switch is mounted; resilient connection means connecting said operating lever to said mounting element, said operating lever engaging an actuating element of the switch at a position spaced from the connections of the operating lever to the diaphragm and to the mounting element, whereby, upon loading of said switch actuating element by the diaphragm beyond a given limit said lever rocks about said switch actuating element, such rocking movement being accommodated by the said resilient connection means to the switch mounting element, and adjustable pre-loading means acting on said diaphragm to predetermine the pressure in the chamber at which the switch is operated, said adjustable pre-loading means comprising a spring bearing upon the diaphragm at its connection to the switch operating lever, on the side of the dia
  • control member comprises a rotatable knob provided with a cam surface, and a cam follower against which one end of the spring bears, urging said cam follower into engagement with said cam surface.
  • a switch unit according to claim 1, wherein said diaphragm comprises a flexible non-metallic element, the switch operating lever being pivotably connected to the diaphragm at the center of the latter.
  • a switch unit according to claim 4 including a rigid plate attached to said diaphragm at the center of the latter.
  • a switch unit including means mounting said switch mounting element within said casing, said mounting means permitting adjustment of the position of the mounting element relative to the diaphragm, and further including adjustment means for effecting such adjustment to predetermine the pressure in the chamber at which the switch is operated.
  • said adjustment means comprise a manually adjustable screw acting on the switch mounting element.
  • a switch unit according to claim 1 wherein the switch mounting element comprises a plate and the switch operating lever has two said resilient connection means connecting said lever to the switch mounting plate at spaced apart positions defining the pivot axis of the operating lever below the loading limit of the switch actuating element.
  • a switch unit according to claim 10 wherein the switch operating lever has the shape of an isosceles triangle with said two resilient connection means disposed symmetrically on opposite sides of an axis of symmetry passing through the connection of the lever to the diaphragm.
  • a pressure sensitive switch unit having a casing, and a flexible diaphragm located within the casing and defining a chamber to which a pressure is applied in use of the unit, the improvement which consists in:
  • a switch operating lever connected to said diaphragm acting upon said switch actuating element; d. said mounting element having means for mounting it in said casing selectively in a first position as a fixed switch mounting and in a second position as a positionally adjustable switch mounting,'and
  • adjusting means acting upon said diaphragm directly in said first position of the mounting element and acting upon said switch mounting element to adjust the position thereof in said second position of the mounting element, the setting of said adjusting means, in both said positions, predetermining the pressure in said chamber at which the switch is operated by the operating lever.
  • Switch unit according to claim 12, wherein said adjusting means includes a rotatable knob, resilient reaction means, and a cam element connected to said knob for adjusting the pre-loading of said diaphragm by said resilient reaction means in the first position of the switch mounting element.
  • Switch unit according to claim 12, wherein said adjusting means includes a screw element and a knob connected to said screw element to adjust the position of said switch mounting element relative to the diaphragm in the second position of the mounting element.
  • switch mounting element comprises a plate having two parallel flat portions disposed in different planes and a step portion interconnected in said flat portions, the switch being mounted on one of the flat portions, and the other flat portion being rigidly fixed relative to the casing in the first position of the switch mounting element and being positionally adjustable within the casing in the second position of the said mounting element, said two positions of the mounting plate being inverted relatively to each other.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Switches Operated By Changes In Physical Conditions (AREA)
US00282781A 1971-08-24 1972-08-22 Pressure switch with operating lever having manually adjustable pre-loading means therefore Expired - Lifetime US3789171A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB3953471 1971-08-24

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US3789171A true US3789171A (en) 1974-01-29

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US (1) US3789171A (https=)
CA (1) CA972789A (https=)
DE (1) DE2241184C3 (https=)
FR (1) FR2150487B3 (https=)
GB (1) GB1348431A (https=)
IT (1) IT964065B (https=)
NL (1) NL7211412A (https=)
SE (1) SE378703B (https=)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3846600A (en) * 1973-10-23 1974-11-05 Eaton Corp Means for calibrating pressure switches at extra-low pressure settings
US5198631A (en) * 1991-09-11 1993-03-30 General Electric Company Pressure responsive control device

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2873332A (en) * 1956-02-01 1959-02-10 William J Williams Adjustable differential switch actuator
US2950367A (en) * 1959-07-13 1960-08-23 Gen Motors Corp Multiple speed switch mechanism
US3210486A (en) * 1960-11-08 1965-10-05 Holzer Walter Pressure operated switch with bearing member plate
US3291932A (en) * 1964-12-14 1966-12-13 Controls Co Of America Pressure responsive control reset structure
US3557329A (en) * 1969-03-17 1971-01-19 Dresser Ind Pressure responsive switch

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2873332A (en) * 1956-02-01 1959-02-10 William J Williams Adjustable differential switch actuator
US2950367A (en) * 1959-07-13 1960-08-23 Gen Motors Corp Multiple speed switch mechanism
US3210486A (en) * 1960-11-08 1965-10-05 Holzer Walter Pressure operated switch with bearing member plate
US3291932A (en) * 1964-12-14 1966-12-13 Controls Co Of America Pressure responsive control reset structure
US3557329A (en) * 1969-03-17 1971-01-19 Dresser Ind Pressure responsive switch

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3846600A (en) * 1973-10-23 1974-11-05 Eaton Corp Means for calibrating pressure switches at extra-low pressure settings
USRE30207E (en) * 1973-10-23 1980-02-05 Eaton Corporation Means for calibrating pressure switches at extra-low pressure settings
US5198631A (en) * 1991-09-11 1993-03-30 General Electric Company Pressure responsive control device
US5300741A (en) * 1991-09-11 1994-04-05 General Electric Company Pressure responsive control device
US5524333A (en) * 1991-09-11 1996-06-11 General Electric Company Method of assembling a pressure responsive control device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1348431A (en) 1974-03-20
IT964065B (it) 1974-01-21
DE2241184A1 (de) 1973-03-01
NL7211412A (https=) 1973-02-27
DE2241184B2 (de) 1975-04-24
SE378703B (https=) 1975-09-08
DE2241184C3 (de) 1976-01-02
CA972789A (en) 1975-08-12
FR2150487A1 (https=) 1973-04-06
FR2150487B3 (https=) 1975-10-03

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