US3789031A - Copolyester fibers and filaments having defined shrinking properties - Google Patents

Copolyester fibers and filaments having defined shrinking properties Download PDF

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Publication number
US3789031A
US3789031A US00085646A US3789031DA US3789031A US 3789031 A US3789031 A US 3789031A US 00085646 A US00085646 A US 00085646A US 3789031D A US3789031D A US 3789031DA US 3789031 A US3789031 A US 3789031A
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Prior art keywords
shrinkage
fibers
filaments
degree
hot
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US00085646A
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English (en)
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G Buttner
A Hartmann
P Braun
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Hoechst AG
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Hoechst AG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G63/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G63/02—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/12—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/16—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • C08G63/18—Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings
    • C08G63/181—Acids containing aromatic rings
    • C08G63/183—Terephthalic acids
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F6/78—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products
    • D01F6/84—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from copolycondensation products from copolyesters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to copolyester fibers and filaments having defined shrinking properties.
  • polyester fibers which have a considerably higher degree of shrinkage than normal fiber types (high shrinkage polyester fibers), exhibit a relatively high degree of shrinkage of over 20% in boiling water or they reach their full degree of shrinkage already at a temperature of about 100 C. Owing to the fact that the afiinity of polyester fibers for dispersion dyestuffs is insuflicient at low temperatures, the material must be dyed at the temperature of boiling water or even at still higher temperatures so that yarns and fabrics containing the aforesaid high shrinkage fibers in admixture with fibers of low shrinkage or without shrinkage cannot be rendered sufficiently bulky after dyeing at elevated temperature.
  • polyester fiber materials are needed which do not shrink or shrink to a small extent only when being dyed and have a high degree of shrinkage at higher temperatures.
  • the present invention provides fibers and filaments of polyethylene terephthalate modified with 2,2 dimethylpropane-diol-1,3 and containing 1 to 20% by weight, preferably 3 to 7% by weight, calculated on the polyester, of dimethylpropylene units in the molecule, which fibers and filaments are characterized by a degree of shrinkage in hot or boiling water of at most 20% at the boil, preferably of at most 2% at the boil, and a degree of shrinkage in an atmosphere of a hot gas, advantageously hot air, in the range of from 20 to 60%, preferably to 45% and more preferably at 200 C.
  • the modified polyester fibers and filaments of the invention are characterized by a degree of shrinkage in hot or boiling water as plotted on FIG. 1 which is not higher than the values of curve 1 (shrinkage at the boil of 20%) and a degree of shrinkage in an atmosphere of a hot gas, preferably hot air, as plotted on 3,789,031 Patented Jan. 29, I974 ice FIG. 2 which is in the range limited by curves 3 and 3' (shrinkage of 20 to 60% at 200 C.). More particularly, the modified polyester fibers and filaments of the invention are characterized by a degree of shrinkage in hot or boiling water which is not higher than the values of curve 2 in FIG.
  • fibers and filaments having the aforesaid properties can be produced by a simple heat treatment of the drawn filaments of polyethylene terephthalate modified with 2,2-dimethyl-propanediol-1,3 as defined above, whereby the slope of the shrinkage/temperature curve is altered.
  • the drawn filaments are wetted with water or steam and dried at a temperature of from to 160 C. without allowing them to shrink.
  • the dried filaments may additionally be heated without tension at a temperature of from to C.
  • the degree of shrinkage in boiling water can be strongly reduced whereas the degree of shrinkage, for example in hot air of to 210 C. is diminished to a slight extent only.
  • the drawn tow is subjected to the heat treatment and then crimped and cut to staple fibers.
  • the degree of shrinkage of the fibers and filaments is plotted on the ordinate in percent of the initial length prior to shrinking and the temperature of shrinkage is plotted on the abscissa in centigrades.
  • the shock shrink-age was determined, i.e. the shrinkage occurring when the fibers or filaments were immersed for 5 minutes in water having the respective temperature.
  • the fibers and filaments according to the invention have a degree of shrinkage at the boil, i.e. at the temperature of boiling water, of at most 20% and preferably not higher than the values of curve 2 of FIG. 1.
  • the fibers and filaments of the invention shrink to a considerable extent in an atmosphere of a hot gas, preferably hot air, in the range limited by curves 3 and 3' of FIG. 2.
  • a hot gas preferably hot air
  • FIG. 2 the shrinkage of the fibers or filaments is plotted in percent on the ordinate and the respective temperature of the hot air is plotted in centigrades on the abscissa.
  • Shrinkage above 100" C. is brought about by suddenly placing the fibers and filaments in a zone of hot air heated at the respective temperature and having a heat capacity which is so high that after the introduction of the fibers and filaments the temperature is not reduced to a noticeable degree.
  • the fibers and filaments having the defined shrinking properties of the invention can be dyed at the boiling temperature of water in any desired shape, for example in the form of flock, tops or yarn, and made into a fabric together with other known fibers and filaments that have already been shrunk. Fibers and filaments of this type are,
  • a fabric made in this manner can be rendered bulky by a treatment with hot air in which the fibers according to the invention shrink and cause the fibers that have already undergone shrinkage to form bends and crimps. It is especially favorable to effect the shrinking process in several steps, for example by drying the fabric at 140C. and thermosetting it at 180 190 C. When the fabric is dried a predensification takes place and the final densification is brought about during thermosetting. In this manner a fabric having an especially uniform and smooth aspect can be produced.
  • polyester high shrinkage fibers of unmodified polyethylene terephthalate When polyester high shrinkage fibers of unmodified polyethylene terephthalate are used, for example, the fabric has an undesired cracked aspect owing to the shock-like development of shrinkage.
  • a further advantage of the polyester high shrinkage fibers of the invention resides in the fact that yarns containing the said fiber material can be steamed to set the twist in the preparatory operations to weaving without fear of a blocking of the shrinkage in the atmosphere of a hot gas. It should also be noted that the fibers made of or containing the modified polyesters of the invention have an improved dye receptivity, a pleasant handle and a very little tendency to pilling.
  • Example 1 The drawn tow was passed between two rolls having the same speed through a zone of air heated at 140 C. with a residence time of 3.5 seconds. The tow was crimped and cut. The fibers obtained had the following properties:
  • Example 2 The drawn tow was dried at 100 C. on heated drums, the residence time being 16 seconds, then crimped and cut.
  • the fibers obtained had the following values:
  • Example 3 The drawn tow was heated on heated drums of 80 C. with a residence time of 2 seconds and crimped. The crimped tow was then heated at 130 C. in a heated steam tube for 60 seconds and cut as usual.
  • the fibers obtained had the following properties:
  • Example 4 The tow was dried as described in Example 2 and after drying the crimped tow was additionally heated for 60 seconds at 130 C. in a heated steam tube.
  • the fibers obtained had the following properties:
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 are drawn to scale the shrinkage values for particular temperatures may be readily determined for the particular curves 1-5.
  • curve 1 might be defined as a smooth curve passing through the co-ordinate values of substantially 0% shrinkage at 40 C., 1.0% at 50 C., 2.7% at 60 C., 5.5% at 70C., 9.5% at C., 13.8% at C. and 20.00% at C.
  • Curve 2 has the coordinate values of substantially 0% shrinkage at 40 C., 0.1% at 50 C., 0.3% at 60 C., 0.6% at 70 C., 0.9% at 80 C., 1.4% at 90 C., 2.2% at 100 C.
  • FIG. 1 might be defined as a smooth curve passing through the co-ordinate values of substantially 0% shrinkage at 40 C., 1.0% at 50 C., 2.7% at 60 C., 5.5% at 70C., 9.5% at C., 13.8% at C. and 20.00% at C.
  • Curve 2 has the coordinate values of substantially 0% shrinkage at 40 C., 0.1% at 50 C
  • curve 3 has the coordinate values of substantially 0% shrinkage at 80 C., 4.2% at 100 C., 11.0% at 120 C., 19.5% at 140 C., 29.0% at 160 C., 41.0% at 180 C., and 60.0% at 200 C.
  • Curve 4 has the coordinate values of substantially 0% shrinkage at 90 C., 2.0% at 100 C., 7.1% at 120 C., 14.5% at 140 C., 22.5% at 160 C., 33.0% at 180 C., 45.0% at 200 C.
  • Curve 5 has the coordinate values of substantially 0% shrinkage at 100 C., 4.5% at 120 C., 11.0% at 140 C., 19.0% at 160 C., 28.3% at 180 C., 40.0% at 200 C.
  • Curve 4' has the coordinate values of substantially 0% shrinkage at C., 2.0% at C., 8.0% at 140C, 15.3% at 160 C., 24.5% at 180 C., 35.0% at 200 C.
  • Curve 3 has the coordinate values of substantially 0% shrinkage at C., 1.5% at C., 7.0% at C., 12.0% at C., and 20.0% at 200 C.
  • Copolyester fibers and filaments as claimed in claim 1 characterized by a degree of shrinkage in hot air within the range limited by a smooth curve passing through the coordinate values of substantially 0% shrinkage at 90 C., 2.0% at 100 C., 7.1% at 120 C., 14.5% at 140 C., 22.5% at 160 C., 33.0% at 180 C, 45.0% at 200 C. and a smooth curve passing through the coordinate values of substantially 0% shrinkage at 110 C., 2.0% at 120 C., 8.0% at 140 C., 15.3% at 160 C., 24.5% at 180 C., 35.0% at 200 C.
  • Copolyester fibers and filaments as claimed in claim 2 characterized by a degree of shrinkage in hot or boiling water which is not higher than the values defined by a smooth curve passing through the coordinate values of substantially 0% shrinkage at 40C., 0.1% at 50 C., 0.3% at 60 C., 0.6% at 70 C., 0.9% at 80 C., 1.4% at 90C., 2.2% at 100 C.
  • Copolyester fibers and filaments as claimed in claim 1 characterized by a degree of shrinkage in hot air corresponding to the values defined by a smooth curve passing through coordinate values of substantially 0% shrinkage at 100 C., 4.5% at 120 C., 11.0% at 140 C., 19.0% at 160 C., 28.3% at 180 C., 40.0% at 200 C 5.
  • Copolyester fibers and filaments as claimed in claim 4 characterized by a degree of shrinkage in hot or boiling water which is not higher than the values definedby a 4 5 6 smooth curve passing through the coordinate values of 3,427,267 2/1969 Stieger et a1.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
US00085646A 1970-05-14 1970-10-30 Copolyester fibers and filaments having defined shrinking properties Expired - Lifetime US3789031A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19702023527 DE2023527B2 (de) 1970-05-14 1970-05-14 Fasern und faeden aus mit 2,2dimethylpropandiol-1,3 modifiziertem polyaethylenterephthalat

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3789031A true US3789031A (en) 1974-01-29

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US00085646A Expired - Lifetime US3789031A (en) 1970-05-14 1970-10-30 Copolyester fibers and filaments having defined shrinking properties

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US (1) US3789031A (nl)
AT (1) AT330337B (nl)
BE (1) BE767075A (nl)
CA (1) CA941571A (nl)
CH (2) CH700571A4 (nl)
DE (1) DE2023527B2 (nl)
FR (1) FR2093504A5 (nl)
GB (1) GB1297603A (nl)
NL (1) NL7106296A (nl)
NO (1) NO133943B (nl)
RO (1) RO63752A (nl)
SE (1) SE376932B (nl)
ZA (1) ZA712198B (nl)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4086212A (en) * 1975-02-22 1978-04-25 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Poly(ethylene/alkylene) terephthalates which crystallize rapidly
US4134882A (en) * 1976-06-11 1979-01-16 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Poly(ethylene terephthalate)filaments
US4195051A (en) * 1976-06-11 1980-03-25 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process for preparing new polyester filaments
US4314928A (en) * 1977-02-14 1982-02-09 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Polyethylene terephthalates which crystallize rapidly and a process for their preparation

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5324119B2 (nl) * 1974-04-19 1978-07-19

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4086212A (en) * 1975-02-22 1978-04-25 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Poly(ethylene/alkylene) terephthalates which crystallize rapidly
US4134882A (en) * 1976-06-11 1979-01-16 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Poly(ethylene terephthalate)filaments
US4195051A (en) * 1976-06-11 1980-03-25 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Process for preparing new polyester filaments
US4314928A (en) * 1977-02-14 1982-02-09 Bayer Aktiengesellschaft Polyethylene terephthalates which crystallize rapidly and a process for their preparation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2093504A5 (nl) 1972-01-28
ATA410271A (de) 1975-09-15
RO63752A (fr) 1978-10-15
ZA712198B (en) 1971-12-29
AT330337B (de) 1976-06-25
CH552684A (nl) 1974-08-15
SE376932B (nl) 1975-06-16
NL7106296A (nl) 1971-11-16
DE2023527B2 (de) 1973-07-12
CA941571A (en) 1974-02-12
CH700571A4 (nl) 1974-03-15
GB1297603A (nl) 1972-11-29
BE767075A (fr) 1971-11-12
NO133943B (nl) 1976-04-12
DE2023527A1 (de) 1971-11-25

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