US3788400A - Fire extinguishing system and valve for use therewith - Google Patents

Fire extinguishing system and valve for use therewith Download PDF

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Publication number
US3788400A
US3788400A US00357924A US3788400DA US3788400A US 3788400 A US3788400 A US 3788400A US 00357924 A US00357924 A US 00357924A US 3788400D A US3788400D A US 3788400DA US 3788400 A US3788400 A US 3788400A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
valve
piston
chamber
pressure
discharge line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00357924A
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English (en)
Inventor
H Tufts
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kidde Technologies Inc
Graviner Inc
Original Assignee
Pyrotector Inc
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Filing date
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Application filed by Pyrotector Inc filed Critical Pyrotector Inc
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3788400A publication Critical patent/US3788400A/en
Assigned to PYROTECTOR, INC.; A CORP OF RI. reassignment PYROTECTOR, INC.; A CORP OF RI. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: CHLORIDE INCORPORATED
Assigned to GRAVINER, INC., A CORP. OF DE reassignment GRAVINER, INC., A CORP. OF DE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: PYROTECTOR, INC.
Assigned to WALTER KIDDE AEROSPACE INC., A CORP. OF DE reassignment WALTER KIDDE AEROSPACE INC., A CORP. OF DE MERGER (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GRAVINER, INC., A CORP. OF DE
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
    • A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
    • A62C37/46—Construction of the actuator
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
    • A62C35/58—Pipe-line systems
    • A62C35/64—Pipe-line systems pressurised
    • A62C35/645—Pipe-line systems pressurised with compressed gas in pipework
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/12—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
    • F16K31/36—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor
    • F16K31/40—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor with electrically-actuated member in the discharge of the motor
    • F16K31/406—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor with electrically-actuated member in the discharge of the motor acting on a piston

Definitions

  • the valve is of the type utilizing a main valve and a pilot valve, in which the pilot valve is arranged to actuate the main valve by releasing the pressure on the back side thereof.
  • pressure is supplied to the back side of the main valve piston only by leakage past the periphery of the piston.
  • the pressure on the back side of the piston is released by the pilot valve to atmosphere rather than into the discharge line to avoid possible interference with said pressure release due to pressure buildup in the main discharge line.
  • the pilot valve may be actuated by either a solenoid or mechanically by means contacting the face of the pilot valve covering the pilot valve discharge line, thereby avoiding sealing problems ordinarily encountered with such mechanical actuating means.
  • a very fast acting valve is required, particularly in installations where the system is expected to act as explosion supression means.
  • a squib operated valve In such extinguishing systems it is customary to use a squib operated valve to achieve fast actuation, if the system is to be used as an explosion suppression system. If not, a valve operated by a solenoid operated pilot valve may be used. In this latter type of valve, a main piston is pressurized on both sides by the extinguishant, and maintained closed by the differential force resulting from the larger pressurized area on the back of the piston. The opening of a pilot valve releases the pressure from the back side of the piston into the discharge line, so that the pressure on the front side of the piston is utilized to open the valve.
  • valves of this type have been found to be inoperative when used with new types of extinguishants now available, apparently because of the high liquid to vapor expansion ration of such materials, and the pressure at which they are stored.
  • a new extinguishant known commercially as Halon 1301, manufactured by E.I. du Pont de Nemours Company of Wilmington, Delaware has an expansion ratio of about 250 to l and is normally stored at a pressure of about 600 p.s.i.
  • the valve does not operate satisfactorily to release the extinguishant at an adequate rate, due to valve chattering.
  • valves A further problem with such valves is the fact that although means has been provided for mechanically opening the valve to allow for manual firing of the system, such means has required a high operating force to overcome the force holding the valve closed, and therefore the mechanical advantage required for manual operation has ruled out the use of a simple pull cable operated from a distant control panel.
  • a fire extinguishing system utilizes a valve in which a pilot valve discharge port opens to the atmosphere rather than into the main discharge line, thereby preventing pressure in the discharge line after valve actuation from interfering with flow out of the pilot valve.
  • Means is also provided for restricting the rate of flow of liquid extinguishant into the space behind the main piston to an amount less than the rate at which vaporized extinguishant can flow out of the pilot valve.
  • Means is also provided for mechanically unseating the pilot valve by means in the pilot valve discharge line pushing against the unpressurized face of the pilot valve covering the pilot valve discharge opening.
  • FIG. 1 is a view in section of a valve embodying the features of the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the valve of FIG. 1, illustrating the means for mechanically operating the pilot valve.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a fire detection and suppression system utilizing the valve of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 of the drawing there is illustrated a fire extinguishing system which comprises a bottle 10 containing a fire extinguishing medium under pressure, a valve 12 attached to the bottle, and a main discharge line 14 leading to a series of discharge nozzles 16.
  • the valve 12 may be either manually actuated by a lever 18 or electrically actuated by a solenoid 20 to release the extinguishant from the bottle to the nozzle 16, in a manner to appear hereinafter. Electrical actuation may be as a result of one or more of a plurality of detector units 22 actuating an amplifier 24 in response to radiation from a fire.
  • the valve 12 comprises a housing 26 with inlet and outlet 28 and 30, an internal valve seat 32, a cylinder 34 formed above the seat, and a piston 36 slidable in the cylinder into and out engagement with the seat 32.
  • a chamber 33 is disposed above the piston, and during standby operation of the fire detector system, the full bottle pressure exists on both sides of the piston by means to be described hereinafter, so that the piston, during such standby conditions, is forced tightly against the valve seat due to the greater pressurized area on the top of the piston.
  • a biasing spring 40 is provided between the piston and the upper portion of the housing to start the piston to the closed position after the valve has been operated.
  • the valve is actuated by releasing the pressure from the chamber 36 by means of a pilot valve plunger 42 disposed in a housing 44.
  • the housing 44 opens to the chamber 38 so that the plunger 42 is surrounded by the chamber pressure.
  • Spring 46 biases the plunger down onto a seat 48, which opens to a pilot valve discharge line 50 having a port 52 to atmosphere.
  • the solenoid 20 Mounted on the upper end of the housing 44 is the solenoid 20. Energization of the solenoid causes the plunger 42 to move upwardly, opening the chamber 38 to the atmosphere.
  • the pilot valve plunger 42 may also be lifted off its seat by the lever 18 in a manner now to be described.
  • a camshaft 54 rotatable by the lever 18 having a cam surface 56 formed thereon.
  • a cam follower 58 which is movable vertically with rotation of the cam shaft by the lever 18.
  • a pin 60 Protruding upwardly from the cam follower is a pin 60 which extends into the pilot valve seat opening and contacts the bottom of the portion of the pilot valve covering the opening. Rotation of the camshaft by the lever moves the cam follower 58 and pin 60 upwardly pushing the pilot valve plunger 42 up off of seat 48.
  • valves of this type it has been necessary in valves of this type to provide small orifices in the piston 36 to allow the inlet pressure to bleed through to the chamber 38 to equalize the pressure on bothsides of the piston, so that the greater pressurized area on the chamber side of the piston will keep the piston tightly seated. It is also customary to discharge the pressure from the chamber 38 into the main discharge line,
  • the omission of the equalizing orifices also increases the operating speed of the valve. Although for ordinary fires the difference of a fraction of a second in valve operating time is of little significance, when the valve is used in a system which is expected to operate as an explosion suppression device, maximum speed of valve opening on receipt of a signal from the detector is essential.
  • the extinguishant To operate as a system capable of suppressing an explosive type of fire, such as that produced by a spark ignited mixture of air and gasoline vapor, the extinguishant must be delivered by the system to surround the ignited flame ball in 250 milliseconds or less, since after that time the flame ball reaches such proportions that it is impractical to surround by extinguishant, and the pressure in an enclosed compartment resulting from the temperature rise of the burning gases becomes high enough to rupture the compartment walls.
  • the operating time from receipt of the signal from the detector amplifier to the solenoid to the time at which the valve is full open is between and 130 milliseconds. Assuming an amplifier operating time of 25 milliseconds from receipt by the detector of radiation from the flame ball, only 95 to milliseconds are available for the extinguishant to flow through the piping and discharge from the nozzles. This amount of time has been found to be inadequate.
  • a discharge valve for a fire extinguishing system of tyhe type utilizing a container of vaporizible liquid under pressure, said valve having a seat and a piston closing the seat, said piston being slidable in a cylinder toward and away from the seat, the portion of the front face of the piston around the seat being pressurized by the container, the chamber and the rear face of the piston being pressurized to maintain the valve closed, means releasing the pressure from the chamber to actuate the valve, the means pressurizing the chamber being so dimensioned that the rate of flow of liquid extinguishant into the chamber when said means releasing the pressure from the chamber is actuated is less than the rate of flow of vaporized extinguishant out of said means.
  • a discharge valve as set out in claim 1 in which the chamber is pressurized only by leakage of extinguishant between the periphery of the piston and the cylinder.
  • a discharge valve for use in a fire extinguishing system of the type utilizing a container of vaporizable liquid under pressure, said valve comprising a valve seat, a cylinder forming a chamber associated with said valve seat, a piston in the cylinder with its forward face normally covering the valve seat and being movable away from the seat into the chamber to open the valve, v
  • a valve as set out in claim I in which said means in said discharge line comprises a cam rotatable from outside the discharge line and a cam follower movable into and out of engagement with the face of said plunger covering the discharge line.
  • a fire extinguishing system comprising a container of vaporizable liquid extinguishant under pressure and a discharge valve connected thereto, said valve comprising a main piston to open and close the main discharge line, said main piston being normally pressurized on both sides and an auxiliary piston normally closing a valve seat to an auxiliary discharge line, the opening of said auxiliary piston releasing pressure from one side of the main piston to allow said piston to open the main discharge line, fire detector means, solenoid means responsive to the detection of a fire by said detector means to lift said auxiliary piston off its valve seat, and means in said auxiliary discharge line manually operable from outside the discharge line to contact the auxiliary piston through the valve seat to lift said piston off of said seat.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Fluid-Driven Valves (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)
  • Preventing Unauthorised Actuation Of Valves (AREA)
  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
  • Electrically Driven Valve-Operating Means (AREA)
US00357924A 1973-05-07 1973-05-07 Fire extinguishing system and valve for use therewith Expired - Lifetime US3788400A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US35792473A 1973-05-07 1973-05-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3788400A true US3788400A (en) 1974-01-29

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US00357924A Expired - Lifetime US3788400A (en) 1973-05-07 1973-05-07 Fire extinguishing system and valve for use therewith

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (1) US3788400A (pl)
JP (1) JPS544559B2 (pl)
AR (1) AR200430A1 (pl)
AU (1) AU497018B2 (pl)
BR (1) BR7403694D0 (pl)
CA (1) CA996092A (pl)
CH (1) CH566792A5 (pl)
DE (1) DE2416673A1 (pl)
FR (1) FR2228502B1 (pl)
GB (2) GB1471951A (pl)
IL (1) IL44112A (pl)
IN (1) IN141140B (pl)
IT (1) IT1013984B (pl)
NL (1) NL7403710A (pl)
SE (1) SE393300B (pl)
ZA (1) ZA74811B (pl)

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0015292A1 (en) * 1978-08-21 1980-09-17 Crown Systems Company Valve structure for rapidly evacuating a container
US5979482A (en) * 1998-04-02 1999-11-09 Hunter Industries, Inc. Removable captive plunger with contamination protection
US5992532A (en) * 1998-08-11 1999-11-30 The Viking Corporation Wet pipe fire protection system
WO2001072376A3 (en) * 2000-03-27 2002-07-25 Victaulic Co Of America Low pressure actuator for dry sprinkler system
US6536533B2 (en) 2000-03-27 2003-03-25 Victaulic Company Of America Low pressure actuator for dry sprinkler system
US20030102137A1 (en) * 2000-04-20 2003-06-05 Karl Bermes Container valve with tripping device for fire extinguishing plants
US6666277B2 (en) 2000-03-27 2003-12-23 Victaulic Company Of America Low pressure pneumatic and gate actuator
US6708771B2 (en) 2000-03-27 2004-03-23 Victaulic Company Of America Low pressure electro-pneumatic and gate actuator
FR2847643A1 (fr) * 2002-11-25 2004-05-28 Presto Robinets Sa Dispositif permettant de commander simultanement l'ouverture des robinets d'une installation de distribution d'eau
US20060278412A1 (en) * 2005-05-31 2006-12-14 Kidde Technologies Incorporated Tire fire suppression and vehicle with same
US20070029097A1 (en) * 2005-07-21 2007-02-08 Kidde Fenwal, Inc. Adjustable time delay for fire suppression system
US20090121171A1 (en) * 2001-12-04 2009-05-14 Parsons Natan E Automatic bathroom flushers
US7913973B1 (en) * 2006-08-11 2011-03-29 Jansen's Aircraft Systems Controls, Inc. Reverse flow fueldraulic valve
CN104117174A (zh) * 2014-06-27 2014-10-29 宁波市永航消防设备有限公司 用于co2灭火系统中的遥控施放站
US9033306B2 (en) 2011-03-18 2015-05-19 Gaither Tool Company, Inc. Rapid opening gas valve
US9080832B2 (en) 2013-05-09 2015-07-14 Gaither Tool Company, Inc. Quick-release valve air gun
US20160040798A1 (en) * 2011-03-18 2016-02-11 Gaither Tool Company, Inc. Rapid Opening Gas Valve
US20180072117A1 (en) * 2011-03-18 2018-03-15 Gaither Tool Company, Inc. Rapid Opening Gas Valve
US20180147433A1 (en) * 2015-05-06 2018-05-31 Tyco Fire Products Lp Integrated fluid control valve and valve actuator assembly
US20190249794A1 (en) * 2017-11-21 2019-08-15 Gaither Tool Company, Inc. Rapid Opening Gas Valve
US11273677B2 (en) 2018-09-18 2022-03-15 Gaither Tool Company, Inc. Advanced rapid air release valve pneumatic tire seater
US20220205548A1 (en) * 2020-12-28 2022-06-30 Neptune Technology Group Inc. Oscillating valve
US20220213969A1 (en) * 2019-05-02 2022-07-07 Engineered Controls International, Llc Low pressure shut off valve and system
US20220282794A1 (en) * 2021-03-03 2022-09-08 Neptune Technology Group Inc. Diaphragm valve formed using additive manufacture
WO2023116962A1 (de) * 2021-12-23 2023-06-29 Vti Ventil Technik Gmbh Auslösevorrichtung für eine feuerlöschanordnung

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2437553A1 (fr) * 1978-09-27 1980-04-25 Cerberus Guinard Vanne a ouverture automatique, notamment pour des installations de protection contre l'incendie
AT371229B (de) * 1980-02-04 1983-06-10 Hoerbiger Ventilwerke Ag Magnetventil
JPS5861071U (ja) * 1981-10-21 1983-04-25 旭化成株式会社 暖い額縁
US4544128A (en) * 1983-02-24 1985-10-01 Imperial Clevite Inc. Cartridge solenoid valve with manual override
ES2011998A6 (es) * 1989-05-16 1990-02-16 Compania Para La Fabricacion D Electrovalvula para paso de fluidos.

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3052304A (en) * 1959-04-29 1962-09-04 Chemetron Corp Fire extinguishing system
US3220483A (en) * 1962-02-13 1965-11-30 Saval App Nfabriek C V Alarm valve for a sprinkler installation

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB215794A (en) * 1923-05-11 1925-02-26 Heinrich Huebner Improvements in and relating to automatic valves for fire extinguishing apparatus
CH451630A (fr) * 1967-02-01 1968-05-15 Lucifer Sa Servo-valve

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3052304A (en) * 1959-04-29 1962-09-04 Chemetron Corp Fire extinguishing system
US3220483A (en) * 1962-02-13 1965-11-30 Saval App Nfabriek C V Alarm valve for a sprinkler installation

Cited By (39)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0015292A1 (en) * 1978-08-21 1980-09-17 Crown Systems Company Valve structure for rapidly evacuating a container
EP0015292A4 (en) * 1978-08-21 1980-12-12 Crown Syst VALVE FOR QUICKLY EMPTYING A CONTAINER.
US4332368A (en) * 1978-08-21 1982-06-01 Crown Systems Company Valve
US5979482A (en) * 1998-04-02 1999-11-09 Hunter Industries, Inc. Removable captive plunger with contamination protection
US5992532A (en) * 1998-08-11 1999-11-30 The Viking Corporation Wet pipe fire protection system
US6666277B2 (en) 2000-03-27 2003-12-23 Victaulic Company Of America Low pressure pneumatic and gate actuator
WO2001072376A3 (en) * 2000-03-27 2002-07-25 Victaulic Co Of America Low pressure actuator for dry sprinkler system
US6708771B2 (en) 2000-03-27 2004-03-23 Victaulic Company Of America Low pressure electro-pneumatic and gate actuator
US6536533B2 (en) 2000-03-27 2003-03-25 Victaulic Company Of America Low pressure actuator for dry sprinkler system
US20030102137A1 (en) * 2000-04-20 2003-06-05 Karl Bermes Container valve with tripping device for fire extinguishing plants
US6708772B2 (en) * 2000-04-20 2004-03-23 Luxembourg Patent Company S.A. Container valve with tripping device for stationary fire extinguishing plants
US20090121171A1 (en) * 2001-12-04 2009-05-14 Parsons Natan E Automatic bathroom flushers
FR2847643A1 (fr) * 2002-11-25 2004-05-28 Presto Robinets Sa Dispositif permettant de commander simultanement l'ouverture des robinets d'une installation de distribution d'eau
US20060278412A1 (en) * 2005-05-31 2006-12-14 Kidde Technologies Incorporated Tire fire suppression and vehicle with same
WO2006130363A3 (en) * 2005-05-31 2007-03-01 Kidde Tech Inc Tire fire suppression and vehicle with same
US7434629B2 (en) 2005-05-31 2008-10-14 Kidde Technologies Incorporated Tire fire suppression and vehicle with same
AU2006252819B2 (en) * 2005-05-31 2011-11-17 Kidde Technologies Incorporated Tire fire suppression and vehicle with same
US7416030B2 (en) * 2005-07-21 2008-08-26 Kidde Fenwal, Inc. Adjustable time delay for fire suppression system
US20070029097A1 (en) * 2005-07-21 2007-02-08 Kidde Fenwal, Inc. Adjustable time delay for fire suppression system
US7913973B1 (en) * 2006-08-11 2011-03-29 Jansen's Aircraft Systems Controls, Inc. Reverse flow fueldraulic valve
US9033306B2 (en) 2011-03-18 2015-05-19 Gaither Tool Company, Inc. Rapid opening gas valve
US20160040798A1 (en) * 2011-03-18 2016-02-11 Gaither Tool Company, Inc. Rapid Opening Gas Valve
US9822893B2 (en) * 2011-03-18 2017-11-21 Gaither Tool Company, Inc. Rapid opening gas valve
US20180072117A1 (en) * 2011-03-18 2018-03-15 Gaither Tool Company, Inc. Rapid Opening Gas Valve
US10266019B2 (en) * 2011-03-18 2019-04-23 Gaither Tool Company, Inc. Rapid opening gas valve
US9080832B2 (en) 2013-05-09 2015-07-14 Gaither Tool Company, Inc. Quick-release valve air gun
CN104117174A (zh) * 2014-06-27 2014-10-29 宁波市永航消防设备有限公司 用于co2灭火系统中的遥控施放站
US11612776B2 (en) 2015-05-06 2023-03-28 Tyco Fire Products Lp Integrated fluid control valve and valve actuator assembly
US20180147433A1 (en) * 2015-05-06 2018-05-31 Tyco Fire Products Lp Integrated fluid control valve and valve actuator assembly
US10471287B2 (en) * 2015-05-06 2019-11-12 Tyco Fire Products Lp Integrated fluid control valve and valve actuator assembly
US20190249794A1 (en) * 2017-11-21 2019-08-15 Gaither Tool Company, Inc. Rapid Opening Gas Valve
US11079037B2 (en) * 2017-11-21 2021-08-03 Gaither Tool Company, Incorporated Rapid opening gas valve
US11273677B2 (en) 2018-09-18 2022-03-15 Gaither Tool Company, Inc. Advanced rapid air release valve pneumatic tire seater
US20220213969A1 (en) * 2019-05-02 2022-07-07 Engineered Controls International, Llc Low pressure shut off valve and system
US11655908B2 (en) * 2019-05-02 2023-05-23 Engineered Controls International, Llc Low pressure shut off valve and system
US20220205548A1 (en) * 2020-12-28 2022-06-30 Neptune Technology Group Inc. Oscillating valve
US12078256B2 (en) * 2020-12-28 2024-09-03 Neptune Technology Group Inc. Oscillating valve
US20220282794A1 (en) * 2021-03-03 2022-09-08 Neptune Technology Group Inc. Diaphragm valve formed using additive manufacture
WO2023116962A1 (de) * 2021-12-23 2023-06-29 Vti Ventil Technik Gmbh Auslösevorrichtung für eine feuerlöschanordnung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IN141140B (pl) 1977-01-22
BR7403694D0 (pt) 1974-12-31
GB1471951A (en) 1977-04-27
AR200430A1 (es) 1974-11-08
FR2228502A1 (pl) 1974-12-06
AU497018B2 (en) 1978-11-23
ZA74811B (en) 1974-12-24
IL44112A (en) 1977-02-28
JPS544559B2 (pl) 1979-03-07
NL7403710A (pl) 1974-11-11
FR2228502B1 (pl) 1978-01-06
CA996092A (en) 1976-08-31
IL44112A0 (en) 1974-05-16
GB1471952A (en) 1977-04-27
IT1013984B (it) 1977-03-30
AU6554274A (en) 1975-08-14
JPS5015398A (pl) 1975-02-18
SE393300B (sv) 1977-05-09
CH566792A5 (pl) 1975-09-30
DE2416673A1 (de) 1974-11-28

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Legal Events

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AS Assignment

Owner name: PYROTECTOR, INC.; 333 LINCOLN ST., HINGHAM, MA. A

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:CHLORIDE INCORPORATED;REEL/FRAME:004094/0656

Effective date: 19830103

AS Assignment

Owner name: GRAVINER, INC., A CORP. OF DE

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNOR:PYROTECTOR, INC.;REEL/FRAME:005381/0071

Effective date: 19900605

AS Assignment

Owner name: WALTER KIDDE AEROSPACE INC., A CORP. OF DE

Free format text: MERGER;ASSIGNOR:GRAVINER, INC., A CORP. OF DE;REEL/FRAME:005541/0064

Effective date: 19891018