US3785625A - Injector type evaporative heat exchanger - Google Patents

Injector type evaporative heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
US3785625A
US3785625A US00144857A US3785625DA US3785625A US 3785625 A US3785625 A US 3785625A US 00144857 A US00144857 A US 00144857A US 3785625D A US3785625D A US 3785625DA US 3785625 A US3785625 A US 3785625A
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United States
Prior art keywords
conduit
water
air
heat exchanger
section
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00144857A
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English (en)
Inventor
J Engalitcheff
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Baltimore Aircoil Co Inc
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Baltimore Aircoil Co Inc
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Publication of US3785625A publication Critical patent/US3785625A/en
Assigned to FIRST NATIONAL BAK OF CHICAGO, THE reassignment FIRST NATIONAL BAK OF CHICAGO, THE SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BALTIMORE AIRCOIL COMPANY, INC., A CORP. OF DE.
Assigned to BALTIMORE AIRCOIL COMPANY, INC. reassignment BALTIMORE AIRCOIL COMPANY, INC. RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO, THE
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
    • F28C3/06—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media being a liquid and a gas or vapour
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D5/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, using the cooling effect of natural or forced evaporation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S261/00—Gas and liquid contact apparatus
    • Y10S261/54—Venturi scrubbers

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT This application discloses an evaporative heat exchanger of the injector type with improvements in mixing and air pumping which are specially adapted to either multiple circular venturies or large circular venturies or both.
  • This invention relates to evaporative heat exchangers of the injector type and more particularly to spray patterns by which the air pumping and air water mixing are accomplished efficaciously to transfer a heat load from water to air in venturies of circular section.
  • FIG. 2 is a view in elevation at the air inlet end of the apparatus of FIG 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a view in longitudinal section of a modified type of spray in accordance with the present invention, again in connection with a circular section venturi;
  • FIG. 4 is a view in section taken on the line 4 4 of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a fragmentary view partially in section and partially in elevation of still another type of spray arrangement for use in connection with a circular section venturi;
  • FIG. 6 is a fragmentary view in section taken on the line 6 6 of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a fragmentary view similar to FIG. 6 but showing a different orientation of the water sprays
  • FIG. 8 is a view partly in side elevation and partly in section of still another spray arrangement, again for use in a venturi of circular cross section;
  • FIG. 1 there is illustrated a horizontal, concurrent flow injector cooling tower having a casing of rectangular cross section defined by sidewalls 10 and 11 and upper and lower walls 12 and 13, respectively. To the left of the casing, as it is viewed in FIG. 1, there is a It can thus be seen that fabrication of the unit as a whole is simple and economical.
  • the water and air issuing from the various venturies co-mingle and the water falls, some of it by gravity, into the sump 20, while the rest is stripped out of the airstream by mist eliminators 21 and flows lengthwise of the mist eliminators into the sump 20.
  • the air, free of water droplets, issues from the right end of the cooling tower through turning vanes 22 which direct the air up and away from the apparatus to discourage any tendency of air issuing from the cooling tower to comingle with air being drawn into the various venturies 15.
  • mist eliminators 21 The configuration of the mist eliminators 21 is shown in our prior application Ser. No. 869,798, filed Oct. 27, 1969, the louvers 22 may be as shown in application Ser. No. 144,855, filed May 19, 1971 and the control systems of that application are, of course, applicable here.
  • the blowdown arrangement illustrated is very similar to that shown in application Ser. No. l44,853, filed May 19, I971.
  • the blowdown arrangement shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 consists of a gutter 23, the mouth of which is in registry with the ends of the nozzles 18 so that on shutoff the water issuing from the nozzles will be caught in the gutter and drained through conduit 24 to waste.
  • the blowdown is taken from the lowest pipe 16 through a connection 25 to the gutter 23 as in the case of application Ser. No. 144,853, filed May 19, 1971.
  • the pipe 25 is on the opposite side of the gutter 23 from the drain pipe 24 so that the water flowing in the gutter 23 is warm water which may contribute to freeze prevention under winter conditions.
  • the usual make-up water spigot 26 is provided, controlled by afloat 27. Cooled water is withdrawn to use through a conduit 28 protected by a screen.
  • venturies 15 are of circular cross section. Each one consists of a flared mouth portion 29, a throat 30 of reduced cross section, and a flared region of expansion 31 downstream of the throat 30.
  • the sprays issuing from nozzles 18 are of conical configuration and issue from a single nozzle. It is possible, however, to fill the cross section of a circular venturi with sprays or jets from many nozzles, and this may result in much increased efficiency.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 it will be seen that fragments of a circular venturi are shown: an air inlet mouth 32; a throat 33; and downstream of the throat a diverging portion 34 all of circular cross section.
  • a circular manifold 35 provided with circumferentially spaced nozzles each of which is so constructed and oriented as to produce a fan-shaped spray on a radius of the circular cross section of the venturi. The way these sprays work together is illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • each of the sprays issuing from the nozzles 36 has two substantially flat sides where the divergence downstream of the nozzles is minimal and two edges 37, 38, see FIG. 4, which are narrow but have more divergence.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 there is a central manifold 39 from which spaced pipes 40 of differing lengths extend in opposite directions so as to cover the circular cross section of the venturi. Nozzles are provided lengthwise of these pipes and the sprays are again of the flat type so positioned with flat sides mutually parallel as substantially to fill the cross section of the throat of the venturi, see FIG. 6.
  • the sprays normal to the long axes of pipes 40 they may be diagonal to these pipes as shown in FIG. 7, the diagonal orientation being different in different quadrants of the same venturi throat.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 the effect is about the same as that produced in FIGS. 3 and 4 except that instead of having a manifold with many nozzles there is a single nozzle 41 having circumferentially spaced holes 42 each of which is capable of producing a fan-shaped spray. Again the sprays or jets are disposed with the long axis of the fan shape on radii of the throat of the venturi.
  • FIGS. 3 9, inclusive may be used in an assembly such as that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 or the circular venturi may be so large that a single one may be used as the only pump of an evaporative heat exchanger or combinations of different sizes of different venturies may be used.
  • An evaporative heat exchanger comprising a conduit of circular cross-section having air intake and air exhaust ends, means to spray a plurality of jets of water into said conduit near the air intake end thereof to cause air to be drawn into the conduit and mixed with the water, said jets being substantially flat on opposite sides with diverging edges so as to be in the shape of a fan, said means being so-positioned that the resulting jets are symmetrically disposed in said conduit, said jets each being disposed with the long axis of its fan shape along a different radius of said conduit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US00144857A 1971-05-19 1971-05-19 Injector type evaporative heat exchanger Expired - Lifetime US3785625A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US14485771A 1971-05-19 1971-05-19

Publications (1)

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US3785625A true US3785625A (en) 1974-01-15

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US00144857A Expired - Lifetime US3785625A (en) 1971-05-19 1971-05-19 Injector type evaporative heat exchanger

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US3785625A (ref)
BE (1) BE769179A (ref)
CA (1) CA958977A (ref)
DE (1) DE2132264C3 (ref)
FR (1) FR2137394B1 (ref)
GB (1) GB1345234A (ref)
ZA (1) ZA714199B (ref)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3922153A (en) * 1974-03-06 1975-11-25 Baltimore Aircoil Co Inc Injector type liquid cooling apparatus
US4058378A (en) * 1976-04-01 1977-11-15 Saxton Forest J Heat transfer device
US4078027A (en) * 1973-08-20 1978-03-07 Ingersoll-Rand Company Water distribution system for cooling water
US4351567A (en) * 1980-11-14 1982-09-28 Donaldson Company, Inc. Cowl-like scrubber for a long-wall shearer
US4440698A (en) * 1980-11-10 1984-04-03 Ivan Bloomer Apparatus for ensuring heat exchange between a gas flow and a heat exchanger
US4442049A (en) * 1980-11-10 1984-04-10 Haden Schweitzer Corporation Apparatus for ensuring heat exchange between a gas flow and a heat exchanger
EP0309361A1 (fr) * 1987-09-25 1989-03-29 Framatome Distributeur de fluide dans un réservoir sous pression empêchant une stratification thermique
US20030209614A1 (en) * 2002-05-10 2003-11-13 Teh-I Liu Atomizer
EP1422403A1 (de) * 2002-11-25 2004-05-26 Alstom Technology Ltd Wassersprühvorrichtung für Gasturbinen
US20040103667A1 (en) * 2002-11-25 2004-06-03 Frutschi Hans Ulrich Intake silencer for gas turbines
EP4592507A1 (en) * 2024-01-26 2025-07-30 RTX Corporation Passive ventilation system for a tail cone zone of a gas turbine engine

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS57108590A (en) * 1980-11-10 1982-07-06 Haaden Doraishisu Intern Ltd Apparatus for guaranteeing heat exchange between gas flow and heat exchanger
FR2601121B1 (fr) * 1986-07-07 1990-01-12 Const Aero Navale Et Echangeur de chaleur pour boucles de climatisation, notamment pour aeronefs
CN107179009A (zh) * 2017-05-31 2017-09-19 西安交通大学 一种用于冷却塔消雾凝水的气气换热装置

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB189611321A (en) * 1896-05-23 1897-04-10 Druitt Halpin Improvements in Apparatus for Cooling Water and other Liquids.
CH26460A (de) * 1902-08-08 1903-09-15 Sulzer Ag Luftkühlvorrichtung für Stollen, Schachte, Tunnels u. dergl.
US1151259A (en) * 1911-06-29 1915-08-24 Schutte & Koerting Co Jet apparatus.
US1170308A (en) * 1915-03-03 1916-02-01 Victor E Mertz Air-circulating system.
US1222541A (en) * 1915-12-06 1917-04-10 Spray Engineering Co Compressed-air washer.
US1255518A (en) * 1918-02-05 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Barometric condenser.
US1312898A (en) * 1919-08-12 Inghotjse electric
US1342103A (en) * 1916-04-08 1920-06-01 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Condenser installation
US1639179A (en) * 1927-08-16 Smoke cleaner
US1972001A (en) * 1933-08-23 1934-08-28 Jr George Stanford Witham Shower pipe
US2337983A (en) * 1941-05-13 1943-12-28 Ernest F Fisher Spray booth
US3367402A (en) * 1965-06-08 1968-02-06 Air Prod & Chem Quench system
US3372530A (en) * 1966-03-21 1968-03-12 Antipol Corp Air cleaner

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1312898A (en) * 1919-08-12 Inghotjse electric
US1639179A (en) * 1927-08-16 Smoke cleaner
US1255518A (en) * 1918-02-05 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Barometric condenser.
GB189611321A (en) * 1896-05-23 1897-04-10 Druitt Halpin Improvements in Apparatus for Cooling Water and other Liquids.
CH26460A (de) * 1902-08-08 1903-09-15 Sulzer Ag Luftkühlvorrichtung für Stollen, Schachte, Tunnels u. dergl.
US1151259A (en) * 1911-06-29 1915-08-24 Schutte & Koerting Co Jet apparatus.
US1170308A (en) * 1915-03-03 1916-02-01 Victor E Mertz Air-circulating system.
US1222541A (en) * 1915-12-06 1917-04-10 Spray Engineering Co Compressed-air washer.
US1342103A (en) * 1916-04-08 1920-06-01 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Condenser installation
US1972001A (en) * 1933-08-23 1934-08-28 Jr George Stanford Witham Shower pipe
US2337983A (en) * 1941-05-13 1943-12-28 Ernest F Fisher Spray booth
US3367402A (en) * 1965-06-08 1968-02-06 Air Prod & Chem Quench system
US3372530A (en) * 1966-03-21 1968-03-12 Antipol Corp Air cleaner

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4078027A (en) * 1973-08-20 1978-03-07 Ingersoll-Rand Company Water distribution system for cooling water
US3922153A (en) * 1974-03-06 1975-11-25 Baltimore Aircoil Co Inc Injector type liquid cooling apparatus
US4058378A (en) * 1976-04-01 1977-11-15 Saxton Forest J Heat transfer device
US4440698A (en) * 1980-11-10 1984-04-03 Ivan Bloomer Apparatus for ensuring heat exchange between a gas flow and a heat exchanger
US4442049A (en) * 1980-11-10 1984-04-10 Haden Schweitzer Corporation Apparatus for ensuring heat exchange between a gas flow and a heat exchanger
US4351567A (en) * 1980-11-14 1982-09-28 Donaldson Company, Inc. Cowl-like scrubber for a long-wall shearer
US4917146A (en) * 1987-09-25 1990-04-17 Framatome Fluid distributor in a pressurized reservoir preventing thermal stratification
FR2621018A1 (fr) * 1987-09-25 1989-03-31 Framatome Sa Distributeur de fluide dans un reservoir sous pression empechant une stratification thermique
EP0309361A1 (fr) * 1987-09-25 1989-03-29 Framatome Distributeur de fluide dans un réservoir sous pression empêchant une stratification thermique
US20030209614A1 (en) * 2002-05-10 2003-11-13 Teh-I Liu Atomizer
US6789749B2 (en) * 2002-05-10 2004-09-14 Teh-I Liu Atomizer
EP1422403A1 (de) * 2002-11-25 2004-05-26 Alstom Technology Ltd Wassersprühvorrichtung für Gasturbinen
US20040105755A1 (en) * 2002-11-25 2004-06-03 Giacomo Bolis Fogging device for gas turbines
US20040103667A1 (en) * 2002-11-25 2004-06-03 Frutschi Hans Ulrich Intake silencer for gas turbines
US7104749B2 (en) 2002-11-25 2006-09-12 Alstom Technology Ltd. Intake silencer for gas turbines
US7104750B2 (en) 2002-11-25 2006-09-12 Alstom Technology Ltd. Fogging device for gas turbines
EP4592507A1 (en) * 2024-01-26 2025-07-30 RTX Corporation Passive ventilation system for a tail cone zone of a gas turbine engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE2132264C3 (de) 1974-08-08
CA958977A (en) 1974-12-10
ZA714199B (en) 1973-02-28
DE2132264A1 (de) 1972-11-30
FR2137394A1 (ref) 1972-12-29
FR2137394B1 (ref) 1973-05-25
DE2132264B2 (de) 1974-01-17
BE769179A (fr) 1971-12-28
GB1345234A (en) 1974-01-30

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: FIRST NATIONAL BAK OF CHICAGO, THE,ILLINOIS

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BALTIMORE AIRCOIL COMPANY, INC., A CORP. OF DE.;REEL/FRAME:004520/0644

Effective date: 19860304

Owner name: FIRST NATIONAL BAK OF CHICAGO THE ONE FIRST NATION

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:BALTIMORE AIRCOIL COMPANY, INC., A CORP. OF DE.;REEL/FRAME:004520/0644

Effective date: 19860304

AS Assignment

Owner name: BALTIMORE AIRCOIL COMPANY, INC., MARYLAND

Free format text: RELEASED BY SECURED PARTY;ASSIGNOR:FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO, THE;REEL/FRAME:005091/0567

Effective date: 19880831